Rolling Resistance
Rolling Resistance
The term rolling resistance refers to the forces acting on a rolling wheel that
cause it to slow down and stop, even when axle friction and air resistance are
negligible.
If the wheel is rolling without sliding, there is no relative motion at the point of
contact between the wheel and the horizontal surface. But, in practice the
resistance to the rolling motion exists. It is mainly due to the deformation of
both the wheel and the surface - Therefore the contact between the wheel and
the ground is not limited to a single point but extends over an area.
Experimental evidence shows that the resultant R of the forces exerted by the
ground on the wheel is applied at point B. To balance the moment of W about
B and to keep the wheel rolling at constant speed, it is necessary to apply a
horizontal force P at the center of the wheel.
For ΣMB = 0, P r cos ϴ = Wb
Solution:
For ΣMA = 0;
98.1 cos 1.20 (a) ― 98.1 sin 1.20 (100 cos 1.20) = 0;
Ans: a = 2.1 mm
Example problem 2: A wheel 300 mm in diameter carries a load of 12 kn. If a
horizontal force of 120 N is necessary to move it over a level surface, determine
the co-efficient of rolling resistance.
Pr = Wb;
So b = 1.5 mm.