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Arithmetic and Geometric Series A&G SeriesQ _A-19
1. A geometric progression and an arithmetic progression have the same positive 1" term. The common
ratio r of the G.P. is equal to the common difference of the A.P. The sum of the 1" 8 terms of the
AP. is 5 times the sum of the 1" and 3% term of the G.P. The 5S" term of the G.P. is —r.
Find r and the 1* term of the progressions.
Show that the geometric progression converges and find its sum to infinity. [6]
2. Anarithmetie progression has 10 terms. Its "term is @ and its common difference is d where
d>0. Given that its 1", 2 and 5" terms are consecutive terms of a geometric progression, find @
in terms of d. Given further that the difference between the 1* term and the last term is 36, find the
sum of the 10 terms, [5]
3. Deduce the n™ term of the series log, x + logsx + logisx + logassx +
Verify that the series is geometric, and write down its common ratio.
Explain why the series converges and determine the sum to infinity of the series. [6]
4, Anexecutive earned $20,000 and spent all of it in the year 1980. In the subsequent 20 years, his
salary increased by 6% per annum while inflation caused his expenditure to rise by $1000 per
annum. Calculate, correct to 2 significant figures, how much he had saved by the end of the
year 2000, [4]
5. Accircular cake is cut into 12 sectors whose areas are an arithmetic progression, If the area of the
largest sector is twice that of the smallest, find the angle, in terms of , between the straight edges
of the smallest sector. [4]
6. Apolygon has 25 sides. The lengths of the sides, starting from the shortest side, are in arithmetic
progression. Given that the perimeter of the polygon is 1100 cm, and the length of the longest side is
10 times that of the shortest, find the length of the shortest side and the common difference of the A.P.[5]
7. Anail, 2m long, is driven into a wall by blows of hammer. The 1* blow drives it in. 1.25 em and
each successive blow drives it in two fifths of the previous distance (except the last for which the
distance is less). Find how many blows must be used.
If the strength of the blows are reduced, with the ratio of successive distances being maintained, find
the smallest distance through which the 1* blow must drive the nail in order that the nail may still be
driven into the wall. fal
8. Acircle C, of radius a, touches the sides of an equilateral triangle POR. A smaller circle C, of
radius a, touches C, externally and also touches PQ and PR, a smaller circle C, of radius ay
touches C, externally and also touches PQ and PR; and soon, Show that a= 4a,
Given that ay, a2, as, ... is a geometrical progression of common ratio 4, find the sum of the areas
ofall circles C), Cz, C3, ... in terms of the area of C,. Find the smallest value of » such that the
total area of all circles smaller than C,, is less than one millionth of the area of Cy [8]
AcLevel Chaining Questions —Matbematin A-20_ A&G Series Q
9. Abank executive eamed $x inthe 1" year.
(i) Ifhis annual satary increases by 10% of his first year’s salary, show that his total salary after
n years is at 19). Hence calculate the least value of » when his total salary exceeds 100
timeshis 1" year’s salary. (4]
(ii) If his annual salary follows a geometric progression, and if he earns $50,000 in his 3" year anda
total of $122,000 in his 1 3 years, calculate his annual percentage increase in salary 4]
10. ‘The diameter of the largest circle, in an infinite series of concentric circles, is 48 cm and the diameter
of each succeeding circle is 2 that of the preceding circle.
(Find the 1* circle whose diameter is less than 1 om.
Evaluate its area, correcting your answer to 3 decimal places. (51
(ii) Find the sum of the areas of the infinite series, leaving your answer in terms of 7. BI
11. By expressing the number 0.2, ie. 0.222... as an infinite geometric series,
show that it is equal to 3 GI
12. An arithmetic progression has 1“ term a and common difference d. The sum of the 1" three terms
is 3. Ifthe 1", 2™ and 4" terms of this AP. are respectively the 3“, 2" and 1" terms of a
geometric progression.
(i) Find the value of a and d. il
Gi) Find the least number of terms such that the sum of the first m terms of the G-P is greater
than 3.9999, il
13, The sum to m terms of an arithmetic series is given by S,= £n(n—20).
(i) Find the smallest value of » such that the sum exceeds 400 QI
(ii) Find the &™ term of the series, simplifying your expression. (2)
(iii) Find the 1* term and the common difference. pl
14. The n™ term ofa series is given by 7,,=e'"*~"*, where x is a constant. Show that this is a
geometric series, Write down, in terms of n and/or x, expressions for S,, the sum to 7m terms,
and for S, the sum to infinity. State the set of values of x for S to exist.
Another series is given by In, +In7;+1nT3+...+In7,,, Find its sum in terms of x and n, (6)
15. Determine how long it will take to repay an interest free loan of $6,625 by monthly payments initially
of $10 and increasing by $5 each month. How much is the final payment?
If the loan is $10,000, find the smallest number of months that would be needed to repay it 8]
16. Given that the sum of the 1" 1 terms of a series is 1 —(3)", find an expression for then! term.
Show that the series is geometric and, hence, find the sum to infinity of the series. (51
Aleve! Chalenging Quatins - Mathenatie A&G SeriesQ__A21
17. A geometric progression has 1" term x and 2™ term y (y
