Streetscape Plan &

Urban Design Guidelines

Design Report
City of Cambridge - Preston Towne Centre
October 2013
Part
01
Executive Summary
01 Executive Summary
The Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines Project is an initiative continuity throughout the core area were weaknesses that require
undertaken by the City of Cambridge with the objective of injecting short improvement. There is tremendous opportunity to build on the Towne
term vitality and long term sustainability into Preston Towne Centre. The Centre’s strengths and improve upon its weaknesses by further celebrating
final goal of this study is the preparation of a Streetscape Plan for the culture and heritage, promote a connected continuous design and to ensure
Region’s Right of Way and the preparation of Urban Design Guidelines for the Streetscape Plan promotes an active streetscape and high quality,
privately owned building façades and vacant/redevelopment sites within aesthetically pleasing environment.
Preston Towne Centre. This report has been prepared to summarize the
background information of this project and to guide the development of the In developing any plan, it is vital to have a strong foundation. The following
Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines through Vision and Guiding vision statement was developed to provide direction to the Streetscape Plan
Principles. and Urban Design Guidelines:

IBI Group has been commissioned by the City of Cambridge to understand Preston Towne Centre is a place for people. A place to walk, shop, spend
the context of the study area, engage the public in the design process and
prepare a Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines for Preston Town
time and enjoy yourself, as an individual or as a family. It is an inviting
pedestrian area that is comfortable for people of all ages, economic
01
Centre, that appropriately reflects the heritage significance of the area and classes, circumstances and physical abilities. Its atmosphere encourages
promotes a pedestrian friendly and aesthetically pleasing environment. long visits and return visits, with a streetscape that sends the message that
Key considerations of the Streetscape Plan includes promoting investment “people’s comfort and positive experiences are a top priority.
opportunities, creating more attractive pedestrian and transit oriented
spaces, protecting and enhancing the heritage of these distinct areas and To ensure that design directions and guidelines align with the vision
promoting sustainable and long term visions. statement a series of over aching principles were created and are as
follows:
In order to complete the study, IBI Group undertook a comprehensive
review and analysis of the existing conditions, the public perception, needs • Promote Economic vitality;
and aspirations of the area and formulated a vision and guiding principles • Embrace culture and heritage;
from this analysis. Through a review of current land uses, regional context, • Foster a dynamic and liveable towne centre;
street networks, urban fabric, pedestrian networks, heritage and cultural • Inspire high quality design; and
assets, parking and natural resources, IBI Group solidified an appreciation • Encourage environmental sustainability.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

of the evolution and function of Preston and the opportunities available.
These principles evolved through inventory and analysis of the area,
Through the process, engagement of the public was a priority and was
public engagement and review of previous studies, policies and current
completed through a number of ways including an on-street survey, public
trends in streetscape design. The vision and guiding principles will guide
open house and an online survey.
all future design decisions that exist within the Plan’s design, strategies
and recommendations. The following document outlines in detail how the
The site inventory, analysis, background review and public engagement
vision and guiding principles were developed and the various influential key
revealed: that Central Park, the opulent history of the area, amount
findings that occurred during the design process.
of parking, and the compact built form were strengths of the area.
Alternatively, the vehicular dominated transportation and high volumes
of traffic, poorly maintained public infrastructure and the lack of visual

1
Prepared By:
IBI Group
Unit 17, Dearborn Business Park
105 Lexington Road
Waterloo ON N2J 4R7 Canada
Tel: 519 585 2255
Fax: 519 585 2269
Table of Contents

Part 1 - Executive Summary

Part 4 - Design and Recommendations
1.0 Executive Summary............................................................1
4.0 Streetscape Concept.........................................................46
Part 2 - Inventory and Analysis
4.1 Traffic Calming and Street Design...................................52
2.1 Introduction..........................................................................6
4.2 Street Trees and Planters.................................................56
2.2 Inventory and Analysis.............................................10
4.3 Enhance City-Owned Properties.....................................58
2.3 Policy Review.............................................................20
4.4 Gateways............................................................................62
2.4 Public Engagement...................................................26
4.5 Streetscape Furnishings...................................................64
2.5 Complete Streets ......................................................28
4.6 Lighting...............................................................................66

2.6 Summary of Strengths, Weaknesses, 4.7 Signage and Wayfinding...................................................67

Opportunities, Threats......................................................32
Part 5 - Architectural Guidelines & Façade
Improvements
Part 3 - Plan Foundation
5.1 Existing Heritage and Architectural Features................70
3.1 Plan Foundation.................................................................38
5.2 Guidelines for Heritage Properties.................................. 74
5.3 Guidelines for Future Infill Development........................82
5.4 Recommendations for Implementation..........................86
This Page has been Intentionally Left Blank
Part
02
Inventory and Analysis
 2.1 Project Introduction
In 2011, the City of Cambridge undertook a Streetscape and Urban
Design Study for Main Street, Galt. The goal of the project was to realize
the beauty and significant heritage context of Main Street in Galt through
a comprehensive urban design and streetscape study. The complete
study aimed to strategically guide infrastructure, road and streetscape
improvements by emulating the vision of the City, its stakeholders and the
community. The Vision Statement of the City of Cambridge recognizes its
past (amalgamation of Galt, Hespeler, Preston and the settlement of Blair)
and promotes a leading edge and innovative future through a strong sense
of community and civic pride as it states:

“Cambridge celebrates the uniqueness of its founding communities and is

02 united by its heritage, rivers, cultures and common future.”

As with the Streetscape and Urban Design Study for Main Street in Galt,
the overall goal of this undertaking is to revitalize, redevelop and enhance

Central Park, Preston Towne

the core area of Preston. The City of Cambridge recently updated its
Community Improvement, Renewal, and Revitalization policies of its
Official Plan (May, 2012) with a number of improvement goals for the
municipality. The City has designated Community Improvement Project
Areas (CIPAs) for downtown Preston. The objective of the CIPA is to assist
with the revitalization, redevelopment and enhancement of these areas
through various financial incentives. The financial incentives are intended
to assist property owners within the designated CIPAs with private property
improvements. A companion to the CIPA program is the development of a The Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines will capitalize on
streetscape plan for public infrastructure improvements and urban design existing major assets within Preston’s core, such as Central Park, Allen
guidelines to assist with the implementation of financial incentives for Reuter Centre, Preston Library and the business, arts, culture and heritage
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

privately owned property in these downtown areas. organizations that centre themselves in this area. The Preston Streetscape
Plan is the vehicle for creating an “opportunity for place making” and the
The City`s Vision Statement and numerous strategic master plans articulate creation and enhancement of “space for people”. An important part of this
the City`s overall direction for future initiatives and provides a strong study is to understand and listen to the needs, ideas, and visions of the
foundation for the Streetscape Plan in Preston. Key considerations of the Preston community. It is therefore imperative that the stakeholders are
Streetscape Plan will include promoting investment opportunities, creating engaged throughout this process, to ensure this project advances in the
more attractive pedestrian and transit oriented spaces, protecting and direction the community desires.
enhancing the heritage of these distinct areas and promoting sustainable
and long term visions. The Streetscape Plan will solidify both an economic
and social dimension for the future of Preston.

6
Study Process
To achieve the goals of this project, the following work plan was undertaken.
The plan is summarized in the table below. More details on each of the
project’s phases are provided below.

Phase 1: Research and Data Collection Phase 2: Direction and Implementation

The intent of Phase 1 is to develop an in-depth understanding of the The intent of Phase 2 is to synthesize the work undertaken in Phase 1 and
present and future aspirations for Preston Towne Centre. To produce focus on the conceptual design of the Streetscape Plan and Urban Design
effective Streetscape Plans and Urban Design Guidelines that focus Guidelines. Based on the results of the public consultation, the ‘early
on the principles, services, character, values and vision for the future, vision’ of the options and design directions is further enhanced, modified
it is important to first understand the policy, market, current trends and and clarified in an attempt to refine and confirm the final options and
physical environments that influence and make up the study area. This directions for the Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines. The final
was completed through an analysis of past studies, and coordination Phase assembles all of the consultation and work that was conducted and
with current initiatives. Also, as part of this reconnaissance, Phase 1 accumulated throughout the project process.
involves public engagement to ensure that all necessary people, agencies,
community groups, initiatives and previous work shape early thinking. For this phase, the following tasks will be completed: 02
For this phase the following tasks were completed:

Task A: Start-up Meeting and Site Walk Task F: Preparation of Draft Streetscape Plan, Urban Design
September 2012 Documents Review March 2013 Guidelines, Preliminary Costing, and Draft Implementation Plan

Task B: Information Gathering and Inventory Task G: Finalize Streetscape Plans, Urban Design Guidelines, Costing
October 2012 Identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats June 2013 and Implementation Plan

Task C: On Street Interviews Task H: Presentation to Steering Committee and CARAC

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

October 2012 June 2013

Task D: Design Workshop - October 9th, 2012 Task I: Presentation to BIA’s

October 2012 July 2013

Task E: Public Open House - December 4, 2012 Task J: Final Product Delivered to City
December 2012 Online Survey and Data Collection October 2013

7
 Purpose and Objectives Study Area
The Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Guidelines for Preston Towne
Centre intends to: The study area is primarily focused upon on a portion of King
Street being comprised of the Business Improvement Area
• Review current land uses, regional context, street networks, urban and bounded by the Speed River to the north to just below
fabric, pedestrian networks, heritage and cultural assets, parking and
Dolph Street to the south/east.
natural resources to understand the evolution and functionality of the
site area;
Key features of the Study Area include:
• Inventory, assess and analyze existing conditions (i.e., Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities and Constraints) as they relate to: 1. Central Park

02 • Culture and heritage; 2. Cenotaph and Veteran’s Memorial

• Demographics (users and their needs);
• Accessibility and connectedness (e.g. pedestrian safety, 3. Allen Reuter Centre
sidewalk conditions, connections to adjacent areas, universal
accessibility, transit orientation, wayfinding); 4. Preston Public Library
• Street design and physical environment (street furnishings
and street lighting amenities); 5. Connection to Linear Park
• Parking and user demand;
• Transportation integration; 6. Connection to Riverside Park
• Architectural façades;
• Existing land uses and existing facilities/services; and 7. The Speed River
• Sustainable technologies.
8. Concentration of Retail Stores
• Provide a plan that builds upon the policy framework including
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Provincial, Regional and Municipal documents;

• Identify strategic future public investments that will inject short term
vitality and long term sustainability into the core area and provide
an implementation plan showing highest and lowest priorities with
associated required funds.

8
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2.2 Site Inventory and Analysis
The following is an overview of the Town Centre’s physical, social and economic components which define both
character and opportunities. Understanding these layers and the urban structure that they create is the starting point
for analysis of the physical form of the area and for preparing responsive recommendations for how the streetscape
can be improved.

A thorough site inventory and analysis was conducted in the beginning stages of this study, from both digital sources
and review of documents made available by the City, enhanced by a site walk with the Steering Committee on
September 17, 2012. The information gathered from the site analysis is an important reference for the development of
an informed Streetscape Plan for Preston. An analysis of the existing conditions is summarized in the following section
with supporting analysis maps and imagery. Opportunities and constraints are also discussed.
2.2 Study Area Inventory and Analysis
Demographics Land Use and Character Areas
The population of Cambridge according to the Preston is a mixed use destination which One of the important and valuable characteristics
Community Development Profile is 132,300, and supports parks, retail, institutional, residential of Preston is that everything is located within
is expected to reach 173,000 by 2031 growing at and leisure activities. Historically, it was the a relatively compact area, particularly between
an average growth rate of just over 1% per year. commercial centre of the Town of Preston and Church Street and Argyle Street. There
The 2011 Census data indicated that the average served the adjacent residential areas with all the are residential, retail, restaurants and other
age is 38 years old, which is younger than traditional retail and service commercial uses. commercial uses all located in close proximity
the Ontario average of 40 years; however the Today, although no longer the hub of commercial to each other. This means that it is easy and
largest percentage of the population is between activity that it historically was, it continues to fulfill convenient to walk to many different types of
the ages of 44 and 54 (about 16%). Using the a role of providing a host of more specialized and destinations within a relatively short period of
2006 Census data the largest percentage of
the population was between the ages of 25
unique retail and service commercial uses plus
facilities for culture, entertainment and tourism.
time. The compact urban form could become
much more attractive to users and visitors
02
and 44 (about 30%). The largest percentage Within this area the urban fabric consists of by improving the quality of the pedestrian
of population aged between 25 and 44 and the a series of character areas with very diverse environment. A more animated pedestrian and
shift of the population distribution to an older atmospheres as a result of building scale and street environment will create a more attractive
age, indicates it will be important to consider an massing, architectural features, function and business environment and more thriving
aging population when planning for the future, overall visual aesthetics (Character Area Figure, businesses will attract people to the surrounding
especially with regard to the programming, page 14). In any Streetscape Study or Core Area residential areas.
design and accessibility of the Study Area. Study, it is important to recognize the different
built forms and characters that exist in a given The remainder of the study area is characterized
Within the Preston Study Area and according to area. by less compact development with many
the 2011 Census information, the population is opportunities for redevelopment into a more
approximately 2,000 people. If we include the compact form.
areas adjacent to the subject site within 800m the
population increases by approximately another

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

8,500 people. Given these statistics it should
be important to consider programming and
infrastructure that caters to the demographics

Central Park, Preston Towne

and an aging population.

King Street, Preston Towne

11
 Character Areas
The Character Area Plan identifies distinct areas within the study that are based on the unique, recognizable
character that is different from neighbouring areas. The character areas result in differences in the type of
building, form of building, age and style of building, density, and land use patterns.
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PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

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13
 PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

14
02

46
ZONE
BUFFER

Context Sensitive Regional Transportation Corridor Design Guidelines

(66 ft)
ZONE
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Exerpt from the Context Sensitive Regional Transporation Guidelines, Main Street (Constrained)
 3. Cycling Lane 1.25m DUCT BANKS

Boulevard Criteria
1. Decorative Lighting

Context Sensitive Regional

Transportation Guidelines
The Regional Guidelines were developed to
respond to the need to develop design standards
to respond to the variety of urban form and
modes of transportation that can exist throughout
the Region of Waterloo. It provides guidance on
how to design and plan Regional Transportation
Corridors in a manner that is site specific
while also considering the overall regional
transportation needs.

02

Exerpt from the Context Sensitive Regional Transporation Guidelines, Main Street (Constrained)
Final Report - June 2010

3.4.2.8 Recommended Plan (Neighbourhood Connector - Future Constrained Main Street

Condition)

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

LEGEND

Street Elements STORM SEWER BUFFER

BUFFER
1. Median for Safety WATER MAIN
ZONE
ZONE
and Separation 4.75m
2. Median for Access 4.75m SANITARY SEWER
3. Cycling Lane 1.25m DUCT BANKS

Boulevard Criteria
1. Decorative Lighting (66 ft)

4715
 Nodes and Gateways Architectural Façade and Heritage Assets

Within the Preston study area, Central Park serves as the hub for activities, The presence of a historic environment - whether it is buildings, monuments
both programmed and unplanned. It is the site of the Preston farmer’s or landscapes - helps to create a unique sense of place and local identity.
market on Thursday afternoons, Preston Music Festival in July, Funfest In many cities, like Cambridge, historic buildings are valued and provide
in the summer, Remembrance Day ceremonies in November, Candyland a distinct character to each of the core areas. Often the historic buildings
Christmas event with lighted carousel at Christmas and it is even the site of have in some way played a central role in driving economic development,
a skating rink during the winter months. The park serves as a beacon for sustainable growth, and cultural development. Well maintained, historic
the community and should be fully integrated into the design considerations environments can deliver a range of benefits to a community by:
for the Streetscape. Safe pedestrian routes should be provided from the
core commercial area, parking areas and transit to this node of activity. • Creating a sense of place.
• Attracting visitors, activities and investments to the core area;
Although there are gaps in the urban fabric between activity nodes there • Providing a supportive pedestrian environment; and
are a number of features that can also be integrated in the streetscape • Offering a focus for leisure facilities, such as theatres, art galleries,
fabric and provide opportunity for public amenity space including the Allen studios, restaurants and bars.
02 Reuter Centre and the Public Library – both of which have under utilized
public space adjacent to the street. The core area of Preston contains a large number of heritage assets that
have been recognized as important, including many heritage designated
These attractions and areas of activity need to be woven more tightly buildings and properties of interest. Most of these assets are in good
together with signage and wayfinding to present a consistent streetscape. condition and contribute positively to the image of the core area.
Securing effective linkages across and through the core area between
these attractions is an ambition of this plan. This can be further achieved There is opportunity to use the heritage assets as a starting point for façade
through defined gateways to demarcate the entrance to this culturally improvement. Façades should respect the surrounding heritage character
significant area. Gateways provide a sense of enclosure and delineate and should represent contemporary themes. In Preston, the buildings
specific spaces, as well as provide a traffic calming mechanism. At present, create a tangible sense of place through the varied architectural styles and
the gateways in Preston are underdeveloped and could be used to better periods. Many of the buildings in the core area have not been extensively
communicate the character of the area. altered from their original façade and largely preserve the existing character
and history of the area.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Current Entrance Feature, Preston

Central Park, Preston

Central Park, Preston

16
 Opportunity
• Intensification
• Axial symmetry of whole and of parts
• Sign board height consistent with street
• Back-lit sign replaced with surface mounted sign
and snorkel lighting
• Large building separated into bays

02
King Street - South Side (between Westminister Drive and Church

King Street - North Side (between Westminister

Drive and Church Street)

Opportunity

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Non-heritage building opportunities
• Intensification
• Additional storey set back to maintain street
presence
• Sign board height consistent with street
• Back-lit sign replaced with surface mounted
sign and snorkel lighting
• Consistency among storefronts

17
 Lighting

As a Regional Road, King Street currently serves the predominant function

of moving relatively large volumes of vehicle traffic in an efficient fashion.
The on-street light standards are designed to support the predominant
function and the general assessment is that the lighting levels on the
travelled portion of the right-of-way are sufficient and safe. The large, tall
standards with “cobra-head” fixtures focus their lighting onto the travelled
portion of the road but do not provide effective levels of lighting for the
pedestrian environment. Essentially, any sidewalk lighting on King Street
(save for one area to be discussed below) comes from spillage from the
“cobra head” street light fixtures. The street lighting is serviced by overhead
cable that is installed from pole to pole.

One section of King Street, located between Lowther and Waterloo

02 Streets, recently had the street lighting augmented with lantern type
fixtures mounted to the back of the street light poles. The lantern style
fixtures, in the location where they have been installed, are intended to and
successfully do serve to illuminate the sidewalk environment and improve
the pedestrian realm.

Opportunities for implementing longer term and more sustainable solutions

for safe and effective lighting for both the vehicular traffic as well as the
pedestrian realm need to be considered as part of the overall streetscaping
design. Providing new underground infrastructure, replacement of fixtures
with more cost efficient LED technologies while reworking pole and
fixture spacing, provision of power for seasonal and event lighting are all
opportunities that should be examined.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

King Street, Preston

18
 Site Inventory and Analysis
The study area is primarily focused upon the activity that occurs on King Street. It is comprised
of the BIA area and much of the core area district along King Street and is bounded by the Speed
RIVERSIDE PARK

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UN
2.3 Policy Review
The Streetscape Plans must operate within the existing planning framework for the City of Cambridge, the
Region of Waterloo and the Province. This section provides a summary of the overall intent of the Provincial
Policy Statement, Growth Plan, and Local Plans and how relevant policies and regulations within these
documents impact the overall development patterns and future of Preston.
2.3 Policy Review Policy 1.3 of the PPS pertains to employment areas and the importance
of promoting economic development and competitiveness by providing
for a range and mix of employment, provide opportunities for a diversified
economic base, protecting employment areas for current and future uses,
and ensuring necessary infrastructure is provided.
Provincial Policy Framework
The creation of an attractive and safe streetscape for Preston Towne Centre
Provincial Policy Statement, 2005 is seen as supportive of the Provincial Policy framework and the goals of
the Policy Statement. The creation of an attractive and vital core area will
The Provincial Policy Statement (PPS), provides policy direction on matters lead to focus for intensification, infill and other forms of redevelopment. A
of provincial interest related to land use planning and development. It safer pedestrian environment is integral to having a healthy and liveable
supports improved land use planning and management, which contributes community and a more active and accessible community core will
to a more effective and efficient land use planning system. All decisions encourage investment in further development.
affecting planning matters “shall be consistent with” the PPS.

In the PPS, the vision for land use planning is stated as “the long-term
Places to Grow: Growth Plan for the Greater Golden
prosperity and social well-being of Ontarians depends on maintaining strong
communities, a clean and healthy environment and a strong economy”. To
Horseshoe, 2006
02
this end, the PPS provides for appropriate development while protecting In 2006, the Ontario Government approved the Places to Grow: Growth
resources of provincial interest, public health and safety, and the quality of Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe (Growth Plan). A Vision of the
the natural environment. The PPS supports the provincial goal to enhance Growth Plan is that urban centres will be characterized by vibrant and more
the quality of life for the citizens of Ontario. The PPS also promotes the compact settlement and development patterns and will provide a diversity of
creation of “healthy, liveable and safe communities”, through efficient land opportunities for living, working and enjoying culture. The guiding principles
use patterns, appropriate mix of land uses, cost-effective development of the Growth Plan provide the basis for guiding decisions on how land
standards to minimize land consumption and servicing costs, the avoidance is developed, resources are managed and public dollars invested, which
of environmental or public health and safety concerns, improving include: to build compact, vibrant and complete communities; plan and
accessibility, and ensuring infrastructure and public service facilities are manage growth to support a strong and competitive economy; optimize
available to meet current and projected needs. the use of existing and new infrastructure to support growth in a compact,
efficient form; provide for different approaches to managing growth that
An important emphasis of the PPS is that settlement areas be the focus of recognize the diversity of communities; and protect, conserve, enhance and
growth and that their vitality and regeneration shall be promoted. Policy wisely use the valuable natural resources of land, air and water for current

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

1.1.3 states that land use patterns within settlement areas are to be and future generations.
based on densities and a mix of land uses, as well as a range of uses
and opportunities for intensification and redevelopment. Opportunities Again, the Preston Towne Centre Streetscape Plan will support all of these
for intensification and redevelopment are encouraged, but must take into goals through the creation of a Vision Statement, a set of Goals and a Plan
account existing buildings, the surrounding area and the availability of all directed toward injecting short term vitality and long term sustainability
suitable existing or planned infrastructure and facilities. Policy 1.1.3.5 into the core area, leading toward the creation of an attractive place for
states that Planning Authorities shall establish and implement minimum investment.
targets for intensification and redevelopment within built-up areas, unless
already established through a provincial plan.

21
 Regional Policy Framework Municipal Policy Framework

Regional Official Plan

City of Cambridge Official Plan
The Regional Official Plan (ROP), is the Region of Waterloo’s guiding
The City’s Official Plan provides a vision of its future growth and a policy
document for directing growth and change for the next 20 years. It is
framework for guiding the physical development within the City. On
important to note that the ROP is currently under appeal at the OMB, in its
November 30, 2012 the Region of Waterloo issued the Notice of Approval
entirety. King Street East/ Highway 8 is identified by the Regional Official
of the Cambridge Official Plan. Approval of certain parts of the OP has
Plan as a Regional Road/Existing Transit Corridor. When undertaking
been deferred, and the remainder of the OP has been approved with
a Streetscaping Study and Design on a Regional Road, the Design
modifications. Therefore, while the Streetscape Plan should take into
Guidelines of the Context Sensitive Regional Transportation Corridor
consideration the current Official Plan (1999), it is most important to provide
Design Guidelines must be utilized to ensure Regional Standards are
a framework for the future that conforms to the goals and objectives of the
met and that proper geometry is applied to ensure efficient movement of
Approved Official Plan (2012) and reinforces the vision for the core area of
people and traffic. The Guidelines have identified King Street East (section
Preston. The Official Plan will be utilized through the design process to help
3.4.2.8) as a Neighbourhood Connector – Future Constrained Main Street
guide and identify opportunities for infill development in the study areas and
02 Corridor. Please refer to section 2.2 of the ROP for a detailed review of the
requirements.
will be used as a factor for recommending opportunities for redevelopment
within the study areas.
Section 3 of the Regional Official Plan Policies recognizes the need to
The policies of the City of Cambridge Official Plan (2012) provide the
create a transportation system that promotes a vibrant, healthy community
framework for land use decisions for all development and public works
using a combination of land use designations and urban design initiatives
projects within the City of Cambridge. Relevant to this study, the land use
to make a wide range of transportation choices viable in the region. As part
designations give direction to the type of development desired for each city
of this initiative, the Region of Waterloo is currently undertaking an Active
area. Preston Towne Centre currently acts as a Community Core Area,
Transportation Master Plan which will create a better active transportation
however the midst of the land use intensification planned for the City, the
network for residents in the area to choose an alternative transportation
Streetscape Design is intended to establish guidelines by which the areas
method (walking,cycling, transit, combination thereof) to the automobile.
will continue to provide safe, attractive, pedestrian friendly, culturally rich
and integrated spaces to serve more localized functions for the future.
Through consultation with the Region of Waterloo and review of the draft
material presented to the public, the Region plans for on-street bike lanes
and Boulevard Multi Use-Trail throughout the entirety of the subject area.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Parts 4 and 5 of this document will create the base design for the
study area, utilizing the framework of the Context Sensitive Regional
Transportation Corridor Design Guidelines and incorporate the guidelines
developed as part of the Active Transportation Master Plan for Bike Lanes
and Boulevard Multi-Use Trails.

22
Municipal Policy Framework
Zoning Maps

City of Cambridge Zoning By-law

E7 S.4.1 .154

R
R OGERS D

The City of Cambridge Zoning By-law (150-85) as amended, sets out RM 3

R5

policies and regulations that apply to all new development of buildings, N2

RUSS ST
Riverside Park (preston) N1

structures and sites within the City of Cambridge to ensure they are E AGLE ST N - REG RD 39

developed in accordance with the Official Plan and Regional Official Plan
RM 3 R
RM 3
RM 4

MELROSE ST
HEXAM ST
R5

Policies, and meet the density targets set forth by the Places to Grow Act.
M5
M2
R4
N1
R5
M2 M3

HEDLEY ST
OS1 R4 R5
S .4 OS
.1 4
er M2 R4 .2
29

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OS1
S.4.1.229
e
Sp e
WHITLEY ST

KR E I G
The City of Cambridge has defined the Preston Core Area/Study Area as R4
M4 R5 RM 4

generally being planned for mixed used development. The majority of the
R5
C1M2 R4 R5
S.4 .1 .114 R4 R5
ST
RM 2 ES

Zoning is C1RM2, which permits both commercial uses and higher density
M2 S.4.1 .153 N
AG R4
R4

NORTH ST

residential developments (maximum of 150 units per hectare), ranging

OS4
C1 C1C RM 3
5 C1R M 2
S.4.1 .229 R4
RM 2
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from Town Houses to Apartment Dwellings. It is evident that the City of

R4

02
IN S.4 .2 .8 . 3

5 RS 1 OP N R4
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R5
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Cambridge promotes the core areas for intensification which will increase
O R4 R5
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the demand for services and amenities within the core.

R5

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The area of between Waterloo Street and Lowther Street has been
ST

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R4
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identified as a special regulation area according to the Zoning By-Law (Map

RM 3 O S.4.2 .8.2
R5 LO M3
C1R M 2 ER S. 4. 2.15 R5
AT R5 N

F6

F8
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Z5). For all mixed use developments within the special regulation area, any
RS 1 R
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new development or redevelopment will be required to be a minimum of

R4

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.4
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1
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6.0m in building height and mixed use. This area has also been identified
OS4
S R5 R4
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RM 4
VE R (preston) R5(C O)
DO Lawrence

as an area where no off-street parking or loading are required.

C1R M 2 N1 . 2.
63 St Park
N1 S .4

RM .1
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.4
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R5 R
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.8
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The remainder of the study area is zoned for Institutional uses, and utilized
R5
T
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as churches, libraries, community centres, etc. as well as Open Space Land

W N
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– Central Park.

.2
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R5
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V R5 S
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C N
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The surrounding areas are well established neighbourhoods zoned for

R5

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.9
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D
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U
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PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

R5 .8 C1R M 2

E
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single detached residential, with some infill opportunities identified as RM3

R4 . 3

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.8
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RM 3 R5 C1R M 2
N1 S.4.1 .90
RS1 R5 R5 R5

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which permits higher density development from townhouses to apartment

LE
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C1R M 2 RM3 RS 1

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PH
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buildings. The redevelopment and infill of some of these sites in the

City of Cambridge Zoning Map

S R4
RS1

-R
C1R M 2
R4 ST R4

EG
ER R4 R5
R5 TH ST

surrounding area (such as the former CANMET site off Margaret St.), will
R5 C1

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8
R4 .8 .3
.2
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provide additional density of residential development that will create more
S.4. 2.8.3
RM 3

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R4 C1R M 2
RM 3

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S.4.1 .117 C1C 5 C1R M 2
SH

R5
S R4
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demand for additional services and amenities to be located within the

N
ER

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HA
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R

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LP C1R M2
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Preston Towne Study Area.

N
RM3

ST
S. 4.2 .4 3
C3
RO

RM4 (O
)
RM 3
5 .3 2
C
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S

.8
R4 S.4.1 .105
E

R4 RM 4 .2 RS 1 RM3 C2
S.4
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R5 .8 .3 R4
.2 R6 .5 1
S.4 S .4
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RM4

G6 G7
GENERALIZED ZONING CATEGORIES INDUSTRIAL MEDIUM HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL Regulatory Flood Line See Section 2.1.8
AGRICULTURAL
COMMERCIAL
INSTITUTIONAL
LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL
OPEN SPACE Municipal Boundary
F7
City of Cambridge Zoning By-Law F p. 353

23
 Municipal Policy Framework

City of Cambridge Corporate Sustainability Plan (2011) City of Cambridge Arts and Culture Master Plan

In the City of Cambridge Corporate Sustainability Plan, sustainability refers The Arts and Culture Master Plan was completed in recognition of the
to “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising increasing importance of arts and culture to the future growth of the
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland community, and acknowledgement of the changing needs of its residents
Commission, 1987). Cambridge has regard for balanced decision-making for arts and cultural services. The plan indicates that activation requires
on the basis of cultural, economic, environmental and social considerations. initiatives in policy, funding, direct provision of service and support from
the arts sector. The principle ideas of the plan are reflected in the vision
The Corporate Sustainability Plan has a distinct focus on ensuring the statement in which:
sustainability of the City’s operations and the program and policies
developed for the community at large. This Plan is meant to provide a “Celebrating the uniqueness of its communities, and united by its cultural
lens through which to balance the City’s fiscal responsibility with cultural heritage, the Grand River and the common future of its communities,
(including heritage), economic, environmental and social interests. Cambridge will be a leading cultural centre in southern Ontario, known for
02 The overall goal of the Corporate Sustainability Plan is to foster a strong
offering a variety of cultural opportunities and events of interest to a wide
range of visitors and residents.”
sustainability culture within the City’s operations that permeates through to
its programs, policies, initiatives and practices that, in turn, support the four The definition of culture that is used in the plan is identified as a multi-
pillars of a sustainable community, namely: faceted concept that can mean any of the following:

• Culture – A vibrant cultural scene that embraces Cambridge’s history • It can be the formalized expression of visual, performing, literary, and
and generates new ideas for future growth. media arts activity in the community, as expressed in places such art
galleries, theatres, libraries, museums and community arts centres
• Economics – A diversity of sustained economic development such as the Cambridge Centre for the Arts;
opportunities for the community and fiscal sustainability within the
City’s operations. • It can be the customs and heritage (including built heritage) of a
community, particularly when represented by a critical mass of people
• Environment - A diversity of sustained economic development representing a certain cultural tradition or background; and
opportunities for the community and fiscal sustainability within the
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

City’s operations. • It can be the energy and ‘buzz’ created through nightlife, festivals,
events, and creative industries in downtowns and other focal points in
• Social - A diversity of sustained economic development opportunities the community.
for the community and fiscal sustainability within the City’s operations.
The Arts and Culture Master Plan indicates a significant number of
The streetscape design aims to address the four-pillar model of recommendations in order to realize the City’s vision. The following are
sustainability by supporting 1) cultural 2) economic 3) environmental and 4) recommendations that the City of Cambridge should consider that directly
social initiatives. relate to the Streetscape Plans and Urban Design Guidelines:

24
 • Continue downtown revitalization and beautification activities in all Other Studies
three of the major downtowns (or community core areas) of
Cambridge. Over time, these activities could lead to the development There were several other more specific Master Plans and Guidelines for
of cultural facilities in each of the major downtown areas, and the which the Streetscape Plans must consider including:
designation of a cultural precinct in downtown Galt. In support of
these efforts, ensure that the overall brand identity for Cambridge • City of Cambridge Heritage Master Plan
reflects the City’s cultural renaissance. • City of Cambridge Bikeway Network Master Plan
• City of Cambridge Core Areas Parking Master Plan
• Continue to encourage community-based and vernacular public art • University of Waterloo School of Architecture Urban Design Guidelines
(e.g., murals, sculptures, possibly graffiti walls, performance art • Preston Streetscape Program (1999)
such as busking, etc.) on the part of the private sector and in • Galt (Main Street) Streetscaping Study.
appropriate public spaces.

• A dedicated marketing plan for arts and culture in Cambridge needs

to be developed. This will focus on promoting the various arts and
02
culture opportunities available to the arts and culture community,
general residents of the City and Region, and to visitors.

It is essential for the Streetscape Plan to advance these recommendations

where possible, especially through the revitalization and beautification of
the core areas, and community-based public art. It is also important that
the Streetscape Plan supports the key messages that the Arts and Culture
Master Plan intends to convey to residents, including:

• The City is taking seriously the improvement of the City’s arts and
culture infrastructure including the services it provides to organizations
through its resource allocations for staff and programmes.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Arts and culture infrastructure and services are a key decision criterion
for new investment.

• The City is taking proactive action to meet the changing needs of the
community.

552 King Street, Preston

• The City is striving to meet the service, programming, and
infrastructure needs identified by arts and culture organizations.

25
2.4 Public Engagement
Engaging the community is critical to obtain a thorough understanding of values and priorities, and one of the
keys to successful consultation is to make it meaningful for participants. Various methods of communication
with members of the public and stakeholders can be established to fit varying communication styles and
desired levels of involvement. Throughout the project the consultation program was developed to: understand
the community’s perceptions of their core area; assess Resident’s future needs and aspirations; identify
and prioritize opportunities and constraints; identify and confirm options, design directions and strategies;
and foster community engagement and ownership of the emerging Streetscape Plan and Urban Design
Guidelines.
2.4 Public Engagement
Community Consultation What we were told:
To successfully create a Streetscape Plan for a community, consultation Public Art would make Preston better, Bike Lanes are needed
with those who will be using the space plays a key role. The following tasks for better transportation, Colour (Planters with Floral Displays)
were used to engage the community:
are nice and add to the environment, Recycling Receptacles
• On-Street Survey are needed, Seasonal Light Displays are appreciated and
• Public Open House make Preston unique, Improved Pedestrian Crossings are
• Online Survey needed for pedestrian safety, Higher Density to Support Stores
As part of the public engagement process the initial step included an on- / Foot Traffic, More Entertainment Venues would draw people
street survey conducted with randomly selected pedestrians in the Study
Area. During a sunny weekday in mid-October, IBI Group took to the street
to the area, Events, Store Variety/Affordability/Practical/cafes
would help draw people to Preston from the surrounding areas, 02
to obtain opinions/comments from typical users of the downtown, providing
Alternate Traffic Routes might reduce traffic, Cafe-places to
an initial snap shot of people’s views, likes and dislikes of the Towne
Centre. During these interactions the focus was on listening, seeking input, sit inside/outside and order something would make this a nicer
informing and offering examples of how the elements of a streetscape place, Cleaner Streets are needed, Pedestrians need to be
plan could provide the desired atmosphere for the community while also made a priority, Building Maintenance would improve the image
providing functionality to meet a diversity of needs. of Preston, Improved shop and food options/variety, Heritage
buildings are best feature but most could be fixed up, Parking
A Public Open House was conducted in the Preston Towne Centre. A
second, refined public survey, based on the previous street survey and is important in the core area
continued research was conducted in coordination with the public open
house. The survey was circulated to the public and interested parties and
was made available online. The majority of survey respondents were in
Preston on a daily basis and 50% were there to use the shops and services
in the downtown. Based on public input the biggest draw to the downtown

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

is restaurants and banks. Streetscape improvements should focus on
providing increased street vegetation, becoming more pedestrian and
bicycle friendly, improving the seasonal displays and street lighting. To
contribute to the success of the urban core, providing everyday amenities,
more restaurants and more boutiques were indicated by respondents. The
majority of respondents supported the Project Vision Statement and the
objectives to help develop streetscape guidelines. Preston’s best features
are the heritage buildings, street trees and seasonal light displays. The
majority of respondents believed that few storefronts were well maintained
and appealing.

27
2.5 COMPLETE STREETS
Streets are the most heavily used and abundant of public spaces and are the predominant structure that will form the character of
a city over time. They are the public framework upon which land uses are organized, through which utilities are routed and around
which people’s daily lives revolve.

Complex urban environments have three key requirements for success which are to create: a place through incorporation of unique
or special local elements; to provide for traffic safety and the integration of vehicular and pedestrian realms, and finally buildability
and the ability for implementation. Complete streets are streets for everyone and they are designed and operated to enable safe
access for all users. Pedestrians, cyclists, motorists and transit riders of all ages and abilities must be able to safely move along and
across a complete street. All streets can not possibly be all things to all users, but all users must be considered and accommodated
in a safe and respectful fashion on all streets. This means more than simply providing a separate facility for each user; it is an
exercise that acknowledges the limitations and interactions of each user group with the others and balances the priorities of each
group within a hierarchy of street types.
2.5COMPLETE STREETS
Streets as City Structure Streets for All Modes Streets as Public Spaces

Land uses and buildings change but streets The street network and individual streets are Streets are the most visible, heavily used
have a much more permanent nature, therefore, shared spaces in which the needs of the most and often the most costly public spaces in
maximizing flexibility of land uses to respond to vulnerable users are given greater priority over neighbourhoods and communities. They require a
changing economic conditions by organizing the the less vulnerable. Streets must be designed to design approach that acknowledges the role they
street pattern to support the evolution of the City. equitably accommodate a wide variety of users, play in not only enabling circulation and making
Typically the greatest flexibility is found with a fine from pedestrians, cyclists and playing children, to connections between important destinations,
grain of small blocks interwoven with many low vehicular movement, freight delivery and transit. but in encouraging and defining a vibrant
and moderate volume streets as opposed to large
blocks and a few high volume streets, which tend
Because of the role of buses, LRT and Streetcars
in transporting higher concentrations of people
neighbourhood or community. 02
to constrain potential uses to those that are auto and diverting trips from single occupancy
oriented. automobiles, it is equally important to find
appropriate ways to prioritize transit operational
efficiency.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

29
 PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

30
02
Complete Streets
Parking

Parking is an important asset for any vibrant

commercial district. Providing appropriate
quantities of parking in a format that will support
and strengthen the character that makes the
place special can be a challenge. Utilizing
on-street parking, in most contexts, combines
convenience, efficiency and comfort while
providing a buffer for sidewalk users by utilizing
vehicle lanes for parking. When possible, place
off-street parking behind street fronting uses and
when economically feasible, prioritize structured
parking within and below street fronting uses.

02
Finally, ensure that parking “pays its own
way” and is appropriately priced as a way to
encourage use of other modes of transportation.

Green Streets

Streets represent a significant impervious

proportion of the city, and because they convey
pollutants, streets can have a detrimental
impact on the health of streams and rivers. The
impervious nature of streets limits infiltration
and groundwater recharge, which contributes
to an ever-growing groundwater deficit and
receding water table in many communities. It

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

is important to incorporate strategies to limit
and mitigate impervious areas, properly handle
pollutants carried in rainwater run-off and infiltrate
clean water to replenish dwindling groundwater
supplies.

King Street, Preston

31
2.6 Summary of Strengths, Weaknesses
Opportunities and Threats
Based on the research and the development work to date, a number of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities
and constraints have been identified. A summary of the inventory, analysis, background review is provided
in the next section. This section provides a broad foundation to which the vision and guiding principles are
based on.
2.6 Summary of Strengths, Weaknesses
Opportunities and Threats

Strengths Weaknesses

• Central Park and existing programming initiatives like the Farmers’ • Vehicular dominated transportation corridor and high volumes of
Market and other festivals in all seasons. traffic.

• Compact Development between Church Street and Argyle Street with • Public infrastructure is poorly maintained.
a diverse mix of uses.

• Existing residential areas adjacent to core area located within walking

• Visual continuity throughout the core area including paving,
landscape buffers, site furnishings, signage, etc., could be expanded 02
distance. and improved.

• Rich and unique history of the area is largely preserved in the existing • Many infrastructure features are particularly obvious and unsightly.
architecture.
• Although there are gateway signs they do not adequately demarcate
• Main commercial transportation corridor with a close proximity to the the core area.
Highway 401 and other main transportation routes.
• Few sustainable technologies are currently used particularly with
• Connections to Linear Park and Riverside Park. lighting and stormwater management.

• Although adequate parking for the existing scale of development

exists both on-street and in parking lots, there appears little
opportunity to expand parking for new development/growth.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

33
 Opportunities

Culture and Heritage Active Streetscape

The Towne Centre of Preston is already recognized as an area rich in Preston Towne Centre serves as an important economic feature for the
heritage and culture. Prior to amalgamation into the City of Cambridge, area. Many residents spend time in town for postal service, banking,
Preston was a town with its own history, flavour and character. Given dining, shopping and personal enjoyment. There is opportunity to create a
this unique history, there is opportunity to celebrate and create a unique configuration that allows for more ‘gathering areas’ within the core. There is
community. This plan builds on the existing character and the community’s also opportunity to use the lands adjacent to the area to animate the street.
desire to preserve its historic treasures while also moving forward in
contemporary themes. The land-use closest to the core area is predominantly residential, with
a mix of seniors and families. The opportunity presents itself to be a
Central Park is the backbone to the Preston Community. It is the site complete community and offer all the amenities that people need to
where most of the programming is situated including the Preston farmer’s be located conveniently close to home and to animate the street with
market on Thursday afternoons, Preston Music Festival in July, Funfest local residents at all times. By providing safe and interesting pedestrian
02 in the summer, Remembrance Day ceremonies in November, Candyland
Christmas event with lighted carousel at Christmas and it is even the site of
connections to these areas there is opportunity to draw more people into
the core area.
a skating rink during the winter months. For most of the community Central
Park is a beacon and a strength to be highlighted and further celebrated by In addition to the opportunity for trail connections, the redesigned
connecting streetscape activities to it. Preston could further market the use streetscape can accommodate for an enjoyable pedestrian experience
of Central Park and continue to program it in future years. allowing the residents to further use this space for recreational walking, as
well as accessing the local amenities on foot or bicycle rather than by car.
Connectivity
There are many adjacent features to the study area including the Speed
River, links to Linear and Riverside Park and key gathering spaces and
destinations. It is important to ensure that these are connected to the
site. A long term goal of the Region of Waterloo and City of Cambridge
is to provide for active transportation systems (biking and walking routes)
through the study site. The development of this area will enhance the
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

current connections and provide a significant circulation system to and from

the area.

The study area in Preston is structured around the commercial corridor

of King Street that provides a connection to Highway 401, Kitchener
and Waterloo. Although the traffic may deter from a safe pedestrian
environment it provides a good opportunity as many people travel through
the study area frequently. A goal of this plan should be to capitalize on this
opportunity and safely integrate other transportation modes and to create
an environment that will slow commuter traffic through the core so that they
will stop to enjoy the space.

34
Threats

Traffic

As with many core areas, controlling traffic speeds is an issue. Many

residents feel that traffic volumes are too great, congestion is a problem,
vehicular speed is a problem and the corridor is unsafe for pedestrian
crossing at all but a few controlled intersections. Vehicular traffic serves to
disconnect the pedestrian realms on each side of the travelled portion of the
road and creates challenges for addressing this situation.

Continuity

02

King Street, Preston

There is a strong desire for consistent thematic and landscape treatments
throughout the study area. Currently the streetscape has some uniformity
in site furnishings, lighting and signage, but there is a need to complete
the package in a cohesive and studied approach. A new plan must ensure
that the heritage character is enhanced while providing visual continuity
throughout the differing areas. In addition to providing consistency
throughout the study area, the core area needs to be better demarcated
to highlight the importance of the area as a commercial and significant
destination for the City of Cambridge. Gateway features signify to visitors
and residents that they are entering a key area. References to history,
community and the City are all important components of any gateways into
Preston.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

King Street, Preston
35
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PART
03
Plan Foundation
3.1 Plan Foundation
In developing any plan, it is vital to have a strong foundation. A foundation is often developed around a number
of key elements that are determined through inventory, analysis and public engagement. For the Streetscape
Plan and Urban Design Guidelines, these elements include: a vision, guiding principles and project objectives.
With these in place, the development of strategies, priorities and implementation details can be developed.
3.1 Plan Foundation
Vision

Vision sets a horizon, that is, a direction toward which all stakeholders
within an initiative or project can work together collaboratively in order to
achieve its goal. It provides a common perspective and driving force in
moving the initiative forward. The Vision for Preston resulted from previous
inventory and analysis conducted in the 1999 Streetscape Design. In
reviewing that study it was determined that the Vision Statement was
still applicable to the outcomes of current research and current public
engagement. The following key themes represent the vision of Preston:
03
Economic Vitality Pedestrian Safety

King Street, Preston

Traffic Concerns Aesthetically Pleasing

Placemaking Liveable The vision statement also coincides with the City of Cambridge Vision
Statement:
These themes reflected the key components and perspectives that provide
a unifying force and directional foundation for the Streetscape Design and
Urban Design Guidelines. As a result the following Vision Statement was “Cambridge celebrates the uniqueness of its founding
determined to suit the Preston context: communities and is united by its heritage, rivers, cultures

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

and common future. Cambridge residents and visitors enjoy
the natural environment, safe, clean, caring, sustainable and
Preston Towne Centre is a place for people. A place to walk,
accessible neighbourhoods, with a wide variety of lifestyle
shop, spend time and enjoy yourself, as an individual or as
and housing options and ample cultural and recreational
a family. It is an inviting pedestrian area that is comfortable
opportunities. Cambridge, as a community of opportunity,
for people of all ages, economic classes, circumstances and
encourages business growth and transition, entrepreneurial
physical abilities. Its atmosphere encourages long visits and
spirit, strong leadership, efficient government and the provision
return visits, with a streetscape that sends the message that
of municipal services, personal growth and civic pride.”
“people’s comfort and positive experiences are a top priority”.

39
 Guiding Principles

To guide Preston’s transformation over the long term to align with the
vision statement, a series of over-arching principles have been created
and are presented below. All Guiding Principles and Objectives were
initially developed by the project consultant, but were presented to the
public for input. The Guiding Principles and Objectives identified in this
section have been formulated through site inventory, SWOT Analysis and
Public Consultation and are presented as the foundation for creating the
Streetscape Guidelines and Streetscaping Plans outlined in Section 4 of
this Plan. These principles should be followed to influence the form of all
future development in Preston. The information gathered from background
studies, policy review, site visits and key trend studies inspired the creation
of Streetscape Guiding Principles and they have been designed to give
a focus to the Streetscape Plan’s intent and direction. The principles

03 identify the desired, long term intentions for the proposed study area. It is
the synthesis of these principles that will create a successful platform for
the social, economic and environmental goals. The principles guide all
strategic and design decisions that exist within the Plan’s design, strategies
and recommendations and are as follows:

• Promote economic vitality;

• Embrace art, culture and heritage;

Corner of Argyle Street and King Street, Preston (looking toward

• Foster a dynamic and liveable towne centre;

• Inspire high quality and unified design;

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Encourage environmental sustainability.

The following points provide further definition and understanding of the
key elements of the Streetscape Plan and outline how each principle is
interwoven.

40
Promote Economic Vitality Embrace Art, Culture and Heritage

A key objective of creating a Streetscape Plan and Urban Design Culture and heritage are important factors in the formulation of place.
Guidelines is to inject short term vitality and long term sustainability into Placemaking is an approach and philosophy to the planning, design and
the core area. The City of Cambridge is embarking on an initiative that management of public spaces that capitalizes on a local community’s
will make Preston an attractive place for investment and will provide the assets, inspiration and potential. Definition and celebration of place
appropriate conditions for business to flourish. The Provincial, Regional has been proven to be a key factor in the success of complex urban
and Municipal Polices all indicate the need for community improvement environments. To create a successful place it must provide sociability, a
that will eventually increase the economic success of the area. Economic variety of activities and uses, access and connection to and from adjacent
success is inter-dependant on the improvement and successes of the other areas and must present a positive image that is unique to the local context.
guiding principles as these principles make investment more attractive. Where appropriate, key structures and symbols of Preston`s past should be
retained and celebrated through design. Where viable, important heritage
Objective: features should be retained as a reference to the area`s rich past. This will
contribute to an authentic and highly marketable identity for the core area.
• Identify and enhance connections between the streetscape and
adjacent or near points of cultural and recreational interest; Objective:
03
• Identify and enhance pedestrian and biking connections between • Create an interactive environment - a place of engagement and
the Towne Centre streetscape and the surrounding residential community building;
communities;
• Create gateways to demarcate the distinct approaches to the core
• Identify redevelopment options and areas for intensification; area;

• Enhance areas for public programming opportunities; • Identify and highlight points of interest along the study area;

• Promote the marketing and programming of the Preston Core Area. • Accentuate/maintain heritage façades through City incentive
program/private investment.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

41
 Foster a Dynamic and Liveable Towne Centre Inspire High Quality Design

Creating a place that is liveable means that it functions and is used Quality of the physical environment is one of the most important influences
effectively. For a street this means that people need to be able to on the image of the area. Physical improvement to the aesthetics of the
conveniently move through the space in a safe and efficient manner in a street, building façades and furnishings in a high quality manner can
variety of different transportation modes. A liveable town centre is a place encourage the use of the space for more than just as a travel conduit. Any
that is universally accessible to all users, all mobility types, all abilities and improvements need to be durable, low maintenance, safe, and sustainable.
all ages. It has a pleasurable, safe and inviting pedestrian environment that
is safely integrated with other modal types. Objective:

Objective: • Use materials that will perform in all four season conditions;

• Encourage and enhance pedestrian and bicycle accessibility; • Ensure all street materials and furnishings are durable and low
maintenance;
03 • Integrate barrier-free elements;
• Integrate common elements along the streetscape to create a unified
• Identify and eliminate pedestrian / cyclist / vehicle conflict points and streetscape while reducing visual clutter (overhead wires, signage,
transition appropriately between them; utility poles, etc.);

• Integrate traffic calming elements; • Use planting and consistent landscape treatments to visually unify the
street.
• Provide for a range of uses and opportunities including cultural,
commercial, educational and recreational;

• Utilize Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)

principles;

• Provide seating and amenities (bus shelters, awnings, etc.) along the
streetscape to promote the use of the space as a place for people, not
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

just a travel conduit;

42
 Encourage Environmental Sustainability

Continuing to build on Cambridge’s reputation as a leader in environmental

initiatives and stewardship, the project will emphasize environmentally
friendly design and technology.

Objective:

• Encourage the use of renewable energies such as solar and wind

power;

• Effectively manage surface water, encouraging groundwater recharge

and preventing erosion;

• Encourage the use of renewable, local and durable materials; 03

• Minimize light pollution;

• Encourage and support recycling within the waste management

system through the use of suitable receptacles and their appropriate
location and frequency;

• Provide additional tree planting within the streetscape to provide

opportunities for shade and micro-climate relief in summer months.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

552 King Street, Preston

43
This Page has been Intentionally Left Blank
PART
04
DESIGN AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4.0 Streetscape Concept
From the preceding research, analysis and public process the design and recommendations emerged to guide the transformation
of King Street into a welcoming, visually cohesive, sustainable, safe and engaging place. The intent of the Streetscape Plan is to
create a functional streetscape that preserves the distinct historical character of the Towne Centre as well as create an enjoyable
public place for residents and visitors. It involves the further integration of Central Park within the community and the creation of
publicly accessible, private spaces throughout the study area. The concept plan depicts a streetscape that supports and encourages
a high quality of life for its residents by adding a number of key features to support quality pedestrian environments and active
transportation. The vision depicts a safe and interactive street that functions as a place, year round, supported by amenities and
made distinct by its cultural references and high quality design details. The following recommendations represent conceptual ideas
and may differ from Regional Standards and implementation may require approval by the Regional Municipality of Waterloo based on
their Design Standards.
 SPEED RIVER

PRESTON LIBRARY

H
PROPOSED LIGHTING STANDARD BUS STOP LOCATION

DECORATIVE PAVING STRIPS

TO EMPHASIZE STREETSCAPE
CONTINUITY ALONG KING STREET
KING STREET BAPTIST CHURCH
PUBLIC AMENITY SPACE
WITH PUBLIC ART AND SEATING

04
SPEED RIVER BRIDGE KING STREET EAST

KING STREET EAST

TYPICAL INTERSECTION DESIGN

- DECORATIVE PAVING STRIPS
- BENCH SEATING
TRUNCATED DOME (METAL DETECTABLE - DECIDUOUS TREES WITHIN GRATES PROPOSED BIKE RING LOCATION ENHANCEMENT OF CITY
WARNING PLATES) TO BE INSTALLED AT ALL
OWNED PROPERTY
INTERSECTIONS ALONG KING STREET AS PER
REGION OF WATERLOO STANDARDS

SPEED RIVER

h
h
N

PRESTON TOWNE-CENTRE (1 of 3)
STREETSCAPE PLAN (Eagle St. - Waterloo St.) LEGEND
CAMBRIDGE, ONTARIO
SCALE - 1:400
August 27, 2013
File Number: 32689L PROPOSED LIGHT STANDARD PROPOSED BENCH LOCATION FLAG POLE
LOCATION

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

PROPOSED BOLLARD
(ON SIDEWALK PARKING BARRIER)
DECIDUOUS TREE WITHIN BIKE LANE
TREE GRATE ON SIDEWALK PROPOSED BIKE RING
LOCATION

BUS SHELTER CITY OF CAMBRIDGE

DECIDUOUS TREE OWNED PARKING LOT
PLANTED IN SODDED AREA

Plan 1: Speed River Bridge to Waterloo Street North

For Large Plans please refer to the back pocket of this report

47
 DATA CHART
LEGEND
EXISTING NUMBER OF PARKING SPACES
ON KING STREET

PROPOSED LIGHT STANDARD PROPOSED NUMBER OF PARKING

LOCATION SPACES ON KING STREET

PROPOSED LANE WIDTH ON KING STREET

ON STREET PARKING DIMENSIONS

DECIDUOUS TREE WITHIN
TREE GRATE ON SIDEWALK BIKE LANE WIDTH

PRESTON CENTRAL PARK

SHOWING EXISTING GAZAEBO, CENOTAPH AND SPLASH PAD
(NEW STREETSCAPE DESIGN TO ENHANCE PUBLIC AMENITY SPACE)
DECIDUOUS TREE
PLANTED IN SODDED AREA
CITY OF CAMBRIDGE PARKING LOT

PROPOSED BENCH LOCATION

PROPOSED BOLLARD
(ON SIDE PARKING BARRIER)

PROPOSED BIKE RING

LOCATION

BUS SHELTER POTENTIAL AREA FOR PUBLIC ART INSTALLATION

FLAG POLE

P
BIKE LANE

CITY OF CAMBRIDGE ALLAN REUTER

CITY OF CAMBRIDGE COMMUNITY CENTRE
OWNED PARKING LOT

H h h h
h PROPOSED DOWNTOWN SIGNAGE LOCATION

KING STREET EAST KING STREET EAST

KING STREET EAST

04
ON STREET PARKING

h FLEXIBLE ON SIDEWALK PARKING

TO HAVE REMOVABLE BOLLARDS FOR PUBLIC EVENTS

h TRUNCATED DOME (METAL DETECTABLE

WARNING PLATES) TO BE INSTALLED AT ALL
INTERSECTIONS ALONG KING STREET AS PER

h
INTERSECTION PEDESTRIAN SIGNAL (IPS) MAY BE MOVED
REGION OF WATERLOO STANDARDS
PROPOSED DOWNTOWN
SIGNAGE LOCATION
H FROM WATERLOO STREET TO ARGYLE STREET TO ASSIST IN
CIRCULATION FROM MUNICIPAL PARKING TO CENTRAL PARK.
IPS SHALL NOT BE MOVED WITHOUT CONSULTATION FROM
THE CAMBRIDGE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
PROPOSED DOWNTOWN SIGNAGE LOCATION

ENHANCEMENT OF CITY OWNED PROPERTY

TO MATCH STREETSCAPE DESIGN

h
ST. PETER'S LU
ST. PAUL'S UNITED CHURCH

EXISTING CITY OF CAMBRIDGE PUBLIC

EXISTING CITY OF CAMBRIDGE PUBLIC
PARKING LOT
PARKING LOT

N P

Plan 2: Waterloo Street North to Church Street

PRESTON TOWNE - CENTRE (2 of 3) For Large Plans please refer to the back pocket of this report
STREETSCAPE PLAN (Waterloo St. - Church St.)
CAMBRIDGE, ONTARIO
SCALE - 1:400
August 27, 2013
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

File Number: 32689L

48
 KING STREET EAST
KING STREET EAST
KING STREET EAST

04
PROPOSED BIKE RING LOCATION TRUNCATED DOME (METAL DETECTABLE
WARNING PLATES) TO BE INSTALLED AT
ALL INTERSECTIONS ALONG KING STREET
AS PER REGION OF WATERLOO
STANDARDS

TYPICAL INTERSECTION DESIGN

- DECORATIVE PAVING STRIPS
- BENCH SEATING
- DECIDUOUS TREES WITHIN GRATES

LEGEND
PRESTON TOWNE - CENTRE (3 of 3) PROPOSED BENCH LOCATION
PROPOSED LIGHT STANDARD FLAG POLE
STREETSCAPE PLAN (Church St. - Dolph St.)
CAMBRIDGE, ONTARIO LOCATION
SCALE - 1:400
August 27, 2013 PROPOSED BOLLARD
File Number: 32689L (ON SIDEWALK PARKING BARRIER)
DECIDUOUS TREE WITHIN BIKE LANE

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

TREE GRATE ON SIDEWALK PROPOSED BIKE RING
LOCATION

BUS SHELTER CITY OF CAMBRIDGE

DECIDUOUS TREE OWNED PARKING LOT
PLANTED IN SODDED AREA

Plan 3: Church Street to Dolph Street

For Large Plans please refer to the back
pocket of this report

49
 King Street: View Southeast
Two Way Traffic with On-Street
Parking and Bike Lanes

04

King Street: View Northwest

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Two Way Traffic with Centre

Turning Lane and Bike
Lanes

50
King Street: View
Southeast
Two Way Traffic with
Bike Lanes

04

King Street: View

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Northwest
Two Way Traffic with
On-Street Parking and
Park

51
 4.1 Traffic Calming and Street Design
A major issue identified as part of the public meeting and from the survey • Lay-by areas and curb extensions form the parking in the core
respondents was the heavy vehicular circulation in Preston that creates area. Curb extensions are used at intersection corners to extend
unsafe pedestrian spaces throughout the streetscape. Often vehicular the pedestrian zone into the roadway to allow pedestrians a safer
traffic is steady throughout the day, which makes crossing difficult for crossing, to provide space for amenities and street tree planting and
pedestrians and cyclists and discourages pedestrian use of the streetscape. to slow turning movements. On-street parking quantities have been
Balancing the needs of a functional roadway and the needs of a quality generally preserved throughout the core area, although the total
pedestrian environment is a challenge in Preston, but can be achieved number of spaces throughout the study area is slightly reduced.
through traffic calming.
• Curb extensions are used to improve the pedestrian space in front of
“Traffic Calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce key destinations like Central Park. Rolled curbs are used in this area
the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behaviour and improve to allow the roadway space to be used as additional space for events
conditions for non-motorized street users”. and festivals. Although King Street is not typically closed for events,

04
the opportunity exists to allow this in the future should there be a
- Institute of Transportation Engineers need.

• Dropped curbs and ramping of the sidewalks where it meets the

Street Design crosswalk are proposed as measures to respond to issues of
accessibility. Textures or relief patterning in the form of truncated
domes, is used at the corners of sidewalks as detectable warnings
The purpose of traffic calming and street design is to put less dominance to denote intersections. Tactile warnings plates are used to provide
on vehicular circulation and more focus on creating effective, functional people with visual impairments with an alert that they are approaching
and quality pedestrian environments that encourage active transportation streets or drop offs. The Region of Waterloo has a standard product
and transit-oriented transportation. Through integration of these circulation that consists of truncated domes which should be used for this site.
systems a liveable Towne Centre can be achieved. The roadway should
be designed to calm traffic through the study site, have appropriate • Sidewalks are designed to allow a minimum 2.0m wide clear
visual scale, positive aesthetic characteristics and accommodate active unimpeded path of travel; where possible wider sidewalks have been
transportation. The Streetscape Plan employs a number of methods to designed. Sidewalks should be continuous across any driveway
safely integrate pedestrians into the vehicle dominated space: entrance and should be designed to provide flush entrances to each
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

doorway.
• The profile of King Street has been reorganized to incorporate smaller
lane widths, a new bike lane and areas for street tree planting, parking • Proper drainage of the sidewalks is encouraged by sloping toward
lay-bys, accessible sidewalks and amenity space. The road alignment the curb and gutter along the street. Streets should include surfaces
primarily follows the existing centreline of the road and the taper or areas that absorb run-off and encourage natural percolation where
lengths for turning lanes also remain unchanged in the proposed plan. possible. An infiltration system should be incorporated to increase
soil moisture for street trees and reduce stress on stormwater
• Travel lane widths have been designed as efficiently as possible, to management systems.
reduce excess or unnecessary road surface. Road Lanes are 3.35m.

52
 ALLEN REUTER CENTRE
Geometry:

H
PARKING
GATEWAY ENTRANCE
FEATURE (REQUIRES

WATERLOO STREET
Lane Widths 3.35m
ENCROACHMENT
AGREEMENT IF ON Turning Lane 3.0m
PRIVATE PROPERTY) Bike Lane Width 1.5m

CONCRETE SIDEWALK
DECORATIVE PAVING Average Sidewalk Width 2.0m min
AT INTERSECTIONS On Street Parking Width 2.4m
On Street Parking Length 6.5m
Std. Curb Width (curb and gutter) 0.25m
ENHANCE CITY- Rolled Curb Width (curb and gutter) 0.25m
OWNED PROPERTY

2.4m LAY-BY PARKING * The pedestrian initiated crossing signal has

1.5m BIKE LANE been relocated from the Allen Reuter Centre to

04
Central Park Intersection
3.35m TRAVEL LANE

3.35m TRAVEL LANE

1.5m BIKE LANE

CONCRETE SIDEWALK
(MIN. 2.0m WIDE)
DRIVEWAY
AMENITY AREA

STREET TREES
CONCRETE SIDEWALK

GATEWAY ENTRANCE
CONCRETE SIDEWALK

FEATURE (REQUIRES
WATERLOO STREET

ENCROACHMENT

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

AGREEMENT IF ON
PRIVATE PROPERTY)
PARKING

TRUNCATED DOMES
(DETECTABLE WARNING
PLATES)

h
- CROSSWALK

Example of Typical Street Design

H TO BE REMOVED
IF SIGNALIZED
PEDESTRIAN
CROSSING IS MOVED

53
This Page has been Intentionally Left Blank
Street Materials
• Decorative band paving is used only at signalized intersections to
demarcate their importance and to define pedestrian and vehicular
conflict. Regional practice is to only consider special crosswalk
treatments in the form of ladder pavement markings when the
following criteria is met:
• Within a City Urban Area with of minimum of 1000 pedestrian
crossings per day on all legs of the intersection or 700 Impressed Asphalt
pedestrians in 8 hours
• Where crosswalks are regularly used by visually challenged
persons
• Where there have been a high rate of pedestrian collisions or
• Near transit Stations
• 3.0m wide crosswalks have been designed with distinct theromoplastic

04
impressed asphalt to denote a pedestrian and vehicular conflict.
The City of Cambridge logo, Preston logo, or public art could be
incorporated into the crosswalks to further create a sense of place.
Concrete
• Poured in place concrete has been specified for primary pedestrian
walkways because of its affordability, durability and its accessibility.
The use of alternative paving (concrete pavers, impressed concrete,
textured asphalt, or coloured concrete) is limited to points of emphasis
to highlight potential pedestrian vehicular conflicts and to clearly define
pedestrian areas. All paving should be built to City of Cambridge and
Region of Waterloo standards.

• The roadway, parking, curbs and sidewalks should be replaced

as a whole and phased according to infrastructure improvements.
Localized safety hazards should be corrected in the short term. This Decorative Band Paving in Coloured Concrete
is further addressed in the short and long term phasing portion of the

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

streetscape plan.

• Benches, bike rings, bus shelters, decorative pedestrian street lighting

has been incorporated throughout the streetscape design. These
objects should be placed outside the daylight triangle and with a
minimum of 1.8m clearance for pedestrians. Further details with
regard to furnishings is located in Section 4.5.

Truncated Dome (Detectable Warning Plates)

55
 4.2 Street Trees and Planters
Street trees are an important feature to any streetscape for their health • The use of strata cells (structured soil cell) is proposed throughout
benefits for the community. They have numerous benefits such as, reduce the study area. Urban trees require a large volume of soil in order to
the heat island effect; provide shade and refuge; increase the aesthetic survive and establish into healthy specimens, however, often urban
quality of the street; purify toxins in the air; and create more enjoyable environments do not allow for adequate space. Soil structure systems
walking environments. In order to create a strong, visually unified and allow for adequate soil volumes and also allow the structural support
04 healthy streetscape: required to engineer roadways.

• Street trees are planted consistently throughout the study area. • Planters are incorporated into the ROW and will be landscaped using
They are placed in curb extension areas and are generally spaced native plant material, including grasses, wildflowers, trees and shrubs.
6.0 to 10.0m on-centre (dependant on species). They are repeated The planting scheme should reflect a four-season approach for year-
rhythmically and consistently throughout the area in a well-planned round interest.
scheme (refer to Appendix 1 for a list of suitable trees).
• Landscape should incorporate a wide range of strategies to minimize
• Salt tolerant, urban tolerant and native species are encouraged water consumption, including the use of native and adapted species,
throughout the area. For locations under hydro wires, smaller plant use of mulches and compost, alternatives to lawn and rainwater
species should be specified as to not interfere with the functioning collection systems.
of the wires. Street tree species should be as per City of Cambridge
Standards. • There is opportunity for the local horticultural society to be involved
and take a leadership role in the maintenance of the beds.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

56
 04

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Example of how the Strata Cells work Galt Street Trees with Grates

57
 4.3 Enhance City-Owned Properties
The quality of the physical environment is one of the most important
influences on the image of the area. For Preston, there is opportunity to
improve the city owned properties and integrate them into the streetscape
concept. The redesign of city-owned properties can act as a catalyst to
revive Preston Towne Centre, leading other property owners by example.
To be successful, public space should have activities and amenities that
attract people individually as well as groups. In order to accomplish this,
the following has been proposed as improvements to City-owned property.

• All city-owned property should be integrated with the streetscape to

form activity nodes and pedestrian amenity spaces. Through the use

04 of decorative paving, signage, street tree planting and furnishings

that coordinate with the streetscape, the city-owned land will become
part of the streetscape. By creating plazas in these areas there is
opportunity to program with daily or special events to bring more
people to the core area.

• Within the public-owned land there is opportunity to incorporate a wide

range of strategies to manage storm water and promote sustainable
infrastructure. The streetscape design has shown a combination
of hard and softscape features that combine to allow storm water
infiltration.

• Where Central Park meets King Street, the streetscape features

are extended into the front portion of the park up to the cenotaph to
create a plaza for gathering and programming. Through the use of
decorative paving, signage, street tree planting and park furnishings
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

that coordinate with the streetscape, the park becomes part of the
streetscape and this emphasizes its importance to the community of
Preston. A number of flowering trees have been used to show the
importance of the cenotaph and to frame the entrance to the park.

• The Intersection pedestrian signal at the intersection beside the Allen

Reuter Centre may be relocated to the intersection at Argyle Street
beside Central Park. This change would facilitate better connection to Entrance to Central Park is integrated with Streetscape Design
the park. The intersection pedestrian signal shall not be moved without
consultation and agreement from the Cambridge Fire Department.

58
04

59

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

 • Similarly, the streetscape has been
extended into the Allen Reuter Centre SCALE - 1:300

property. A plaza with trees; a low

seatwall; a planter with native grasses;
and benches have all been incorporated
into this space. Being this is a senior’s
recreation centre with active programming,
there is opportunity to use this space as
programmable outdoor space and perhaps
incorporate space for community gardening
programs if needed. OPPORTUNITY
FOR PUBLIC ART

04 EXTEND DECORATIVE
PAVING FROM ENTRANCE
INTO THE STREETSCAPE

BENCHES
FLAG POLES

BIKE RINGS

SEAT WALL

LAY-BY PARKING
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

BIKE LANE
EX. SIGNAGE TO
REMAIN

BIKE LANE

Entrance to Allen Reuter Centre is integrated with Streetscape Design

60
• At the Preston Public Library the
streetscape should integrate with the
existing plaza in front of the building.
The existing plaza should incorporate
furnishings like benches that match the
street furnishings. Some of the planting in
this area should also be replaced to match
what is being proposed on the street as it is
old and overgrown.

• These areas are also key places to

incorporate public art. Public art in
urban areas enhances the pedestrian
environment and creates a sense of place
that is unique to the core area. Public
art is used in the core to further define
and articulate the unique history and
culture of the area. Public art should be
installed through new capital projects and
04
phased with infrastructure improvements. Entrance to Library is integrated with Streetscape Design
There is opportunity to involve the local
community through design competitions and
commissioned work by local artists.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Entrance to Library with Public Art and Seating Options

61
 4.4 Gateways
SCALE - 1:500

Gateways are important features in demarcating the entrance to culturally

significant areas, like Preston Towne Centre. They are used to delineate a
specific area, precinct or district as well as a traffic calming mechanism. A
main concern of residents from the survey and public meeting was denoting
the entrance to Preston. Three gateway features are proposed, one major

EAGLE STREET
gateway feature is at the bridge crossing the Speed River just north of

SIDEWALK
Eagle Street and two minor gateway features are located at Waterloo Street
and Lowther Street.

04 • As you travel south across the Speed River bridge, this area marks
the entrance to Preston, therefore it is important to denote its
significance.

• A minor gateway is suggested at Waterloo Street on the south side of

the intersection on both sides of the street, as visitors and residents
PEDESTRIAN
travel southeast into the Towne Centre. Currently there is an entrance AMENITY AREA WITH
feature, maintained by the BIA. There is opportunity to redesign this PUBLIC ART FEATURE

CROSSWALK
space to include public art, pedestrian seating and amenity space that STREET TREES
is designed to emulate the heritage and character of Preston. TO DEMARCATE
ENTRANCE

• A second minor gateway is suggested at Lowther Street on the north

side of the intersection, as visitors and residents travel northwest
into the Towne Centre. There is a great deal of area in this location BIKE LANE
to allow for public amenity space and a unique sign. This gateway
feature should also include public art, pedestrian seating and amenity
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

space that are designed to emulate the heritage and character of

Preston.
King Street and Eagle Street Intersection - Pedestrian Amenity Space
• The gateway features will be red brick masonry with the Preston logo
and emulate the heritage architectural character throughout the area.

62
Section illustrating typical entrance features into the Core Area
King Street at Waterloo Street
Similar entrance features are also present at the intersection of King Street at Church Street

04

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

63
 4.5 Streetscape Furnishings
To promote the downtown core as a people oriented and desirable
destination, a unified and improved palette of streetscape features has been
developed. Guidelines for each of these features provide the necessary
information and direction to guide future implementation of the streetscape
improvements. Street furnishings and streetscape elements have been
selected based on suitability, durability as well as form. These guidelines
emulate many of the features installed in Galt in order to present a
consistent approach to streetscape furnishings in the City of Cambridge and
to ensure maintenance costs are minimized. The specified elements are
appropriately scaled for a comfortable and quality pedestrian experience.
The objective for street furnishings is to create a high quality and unified

04 streetscape. In order to achieve this objective.

General Guidelines:

• The design of street furnishings specified reflects the heritage and

unique character of the downtown area. They represent a consistent Bench: Scarborough by LandscapeForms
style and a high aesthetic quality. Street furnishings are to be durable,
have low maintenance requirements, and are ideally produced in a
sustainable manner.

• Furnishings have been located throughout the study area in support

of gathering places, adjacent to planting beds, in proximity to transit
nodes and in appropriate areas for rest and contemplation. Seating
is placed for effective views of key areas, public gathering and
recreation.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Streetscape furnishings are generally located in line with public

street tree planting near the curb edge as to maintain a clear and
unobstructed sidewalk. Bike Ring: MBR 100 by Maglin

64
Benches:

• The bench specified is the Scarborough Bench manufactured by

Landscape Forms. The bench features a woven seat and back style
with black powder coating. This bench has been specified in the 72”
length.

Bike Rings:

• The bike ring specified is the MBR 100 manufactured by Maglin in

black powder coated finish. This bike ring should be installed as direct
burial, where possible, and spaced at 32-36” apart on centre when
facing each other and 72” apart on centre when facing outwards.
04

Receptacles:
Trash Receptacles: CityScape by Molok
• The garbage receptacle specified is the CityScape manufactured by
Molok. The Molok® Deep Collection™ system is an environmentally
friendly, new generation waste solution. The system offers a clean,
effective and efficient collection point for a variety of waste types.
The container’s vertical, semi-underground design allows the
waste to compact, increasing the container capacity, and the lower
temperatures underground prevent odours and pests. What makes
Molok® stand out is the unique emptying method. Molok® containers
are emptied through the bottom of a reusable lifting liner using a

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

hydraulic arm. In Preston Towne Centre, a double receptacle should
be placed in each garbage location to accommodate the two stream
waste programs.

Bus Shelters:

• The bus shelters in Preston should coordinate with the current design
Bus Shelter: To Match GRT standard shelters
of the Grand River Transit bus Shelters, as shown to the right.

65
 4.6 Lighting
A major issue identified as part of the public meeting and from the
survey respondents was the pedestrian lighting within the study area.
Predominately the lighting in Preston has been installed to illuminate
the travel portion of King Street. Recently between Waterloo Street and
Lowther Street, the overhead streetlights have been augmented with
lantern type fixtures mounted to the back of the existing street light poles.
At this time, this addition has successfully illuminated the pedestrian
environment and is considered a relatively cost-effective short term solution
to improvement to the pedestrian realm.

With the improvement being recommended to the street reorganization in

the Streetscape Plan, many of the current streetlights and the associated
infrastructure will require relocation. As a result, there is opportunity to
04 implement a longer term and more sustainable solution to the need for safe
and effective lighting for both the vehicular traffic as well as the pedestrian
realm. By providing new underground infrastructure; replacing fixtures with
more cost efficient energy efficient technologies; reworking pole and fixture
spacing; and ensuring provision of power for seasonal and event lighting
there is opportunity to integrate new fixtures into the streetscape heritage
theme. The objective for lighting in the downtown core is to provide lighting
for both pedestrian and vehicular circulation using sustainable technologies.
In order to achieve this objective:

• Lighting should be replaced as a whole and phased according to

infrastructure improvements. New fixtures should be installed that
complement the streetscape furnishings and are consistent with the
fixtures in Galt in order to save on maintenance costs.
• New light fixtures will illuminate both the travel portion of the road
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

and the pedestrian realm with fixtures that are of a pedestrian

scale. Fixtures will use energy efficient technology to reduce energy
consumption, provide clean, crisp lighting and longer lifespan of
the fixture. Up-lighting is not permitted except during the month of
December for holiday decorations. Architectural lighting that is Dark
Sky Compliant is encouraged.
• Fixtures will be fitted with areas for banners, seasonal lighting and
flower baskets that hang opposite to the light and alternate throughout
the downtown core. Light Standard in Galt

66
4.7 Signage and Wayfinding
Signage and wayfinding is an important circulation component to a
successful downtown core as it provides direction to pedestrians. To
improve wayfinding and awareness of core area amenities/features, new
signage is designed and located at strategic points along the streetscape.
The objective of a signage and wayfinding strategy is to provide attractive
04
and functional signage that clearly directs visitors to amenities within the
core area. In order to achieve this objective:

• Signage and wayfinding is designed to be consistent with the newly

developed signage policy across the City of Cambridge. It will,
at a minimum, include the following destinations: civic buildings,
greenspace, trails, parking, farmer’s market, and other amenities
unique to each area.
Sample of City of Cambridge Signage Style
• Signage or plaques should be considered for placement in the
concrete to add public art or decorative elements to the streetscape.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

67
This Page has been Intentionally Left Blank
 05

PART
05
Architectural Guidelines &
Façade Improvements

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

69
 5.1 Existing Heritage and Architectural Features Cambridge Official Plan
The concentration of cultural heritage resources throughout Preston
Towne Centre forms a significant resource within the community. The The City of Cambridge Official Plan (Regionally Approved November 21,
preservation of these resources ensure Preston remains connected with 2012) contains many policies which aim to protect and enhance cultural and
its past, contributes to its current character and helps shape and influence natural heritage resources within Preston Towne Centre. Specifically, an
its form, function and aesthetic quality in the future. The purpose of the objective of the growth management policies is to encourage the continued
Architectural Guidelines is to ensure heritage and architecturally significant development of Preston Towne Centre as a Community Core Area of
characteristics are preserved maintained and respected through future high intensity and mix of land uses, promoting elements such as heritage
development patterns, as well as for the protection of the unique and conservation and the re-use of existing buildings. Another objective of the
distinct character these attributes create throughout Preston Towne Centre. growth management policies is, to promote the principles of conservation
and sustainability, the intensification of development in the built-up area and
Heritage Property Identification the protection, enhancement or restoration of the natural environmental and
cultural heritage resources, where feasible and appropriate. In addition to
05 The City of Cambridge includes cultural heritage resources that are
the plans for intensifying Preston Towne Centre the area is also subject to
reduced parking requirements.
designated under Part IV or V of the Ontario Heritage Act, R.S.O.
1990 and those identified as properties of interest by the Cambridge Cambridge Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee
Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee (MHAC) for their cultural heritage
significance. Cultural heritage resources existing within the Preston Towne The Cambridge Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee (MHAC) is a
Centre study area, which include both properties designated under Part committee established in 1976, made up of Council appointed volunteers
IV of the Ontario Heritage Act and properties of interest. No Heritage to assist council and property owners in designating culturally significant
Conservation Districts exist within the Preston study area. The properties properties under the Ontario Heritage Act R.S.O. 1990 (Heritage Act).
within Preston Towne Centre designated under Part IV of the Ontario Specifically, the mandate of the Committee is to provide advice on cultural
Heritage Act and identified as properties of interest, are shown in green and heritage resources, and assistance to City Council and landowners in
yellow respectively, in the image beside. designating properties and districts under Part IV or Part V of the Ontario
Heritage Act. In addition to designations under Part IV of the Heritage
Established Heritage Policy and Municipal Heritage Act, MHAC helps to identify possible properties of interest according to
their cultural value and urban design contribution, structural condition, and
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Advisory Committee (MHAC) potential for adaptive re-use. MHAC has established a sub-committee
to review applications for alterations (‘Application to Alter a Designated
Heritage Property’), submitted by landowners for heritage properties. The
Currently, policies and the MHAC exist at a local level, which aim to protect
application is typically heard by MHAC, who also provide suggestions and
cultural heritage resources.
guidance through the applications process.

MHAC administers a Heritage Grant Programme that provides matching

grants to property owners for the restoration and conservation of such
properties.

70
 05

NORTH

Map illustrating Designated Heritage Properties and

Properties of Interest in the Preston Study Area

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

71
 Existing Architectural and Heritage Features of
Preston

A heritage designated property or building may be seen to be significant

as a result of various features. These features could include a particular
building type, architectural feature or element, the building style or period,
could be the work of a local and/or significant architect or builder, or
could have an important role in the community’s history. A designation
can be structured to include the entire building, the façade or a specific
architectural feature. Designation protects these features from alterations
or modifications that would decrease the overall cultural value, and may
protect the heritage feature from demolition.
Character Defining Elements of Preston

The architectural features within Preston Towne Centre form part of its The character defining elements of Preston, as discussed in the Heritage

05 character and historical significance. The alignment of architectural Master Plan are as follows:
features and elements, from one building to the next, creates visual
continuity and establishes a coherent visual context throughout. It • The Towne Square, anchored by the former Preston Public School;
is therefore essential to ensure the preservation, maintenance, and • Retail concentrated along both sides of King Street, interspersed with
rehabilitation of exteriors and storefronts with significant and appropriate residential and institutional buildings;
historic and architectural features as well as buildings whose form, • Remnants of “Pennsylvania German Village” with its distinctive
proportions and materials contribute to the character of the street. Many Georgian style 2 ½ storey commercial blocks and residences at the
buildings in Preston consist of architectural features which define the south end;
character, overall historical theme and historical significance of the • Early century retail/commercial main street
area. It is essential that these buildings and features continue to make a • Predominantly 2-3 storey retail buildings;
contribution to the historic character of the downtown. • No setbacks and broad sidewalks;
• High quality architecture, brick construction, with skilled craftsmanship
The character defining elements of Preston and its cultural assets are evident;
outlined below. • Some large Victorian “avenue” residences with mature trees; and
• Mill and factory buildings anchor King Street at the south and north
ends of the retail strip.
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Cultural Assets of Preston

• Library
• Post Office
• Banks
• Firehall
• Churches
• Town Square

72
 05

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Bank Designated a Heritage Property

73
 5.2 Guidelines for Heritage Properties and
Properties of Interest
Many buildings have been altered over the These building and architectural elements
years resulting in the loss of significant heritage include:
resources, loss of original architectural details
or changes to façades, rendering them beyond • Kick plates as the base to building fronts
recognition. While it is acknowledged that • First floor display windows
changes to structures in the Towne Centre will • Recessed central entrance areas or angled
occur over time, it is also a concern that these entrances on corners
changes do not adversely impact the historic • Transoms above entrance doors
building fabric and character of the streetscape. • Clerestory portions of display windows
These significant buildings and features must be • Sign bands
maintained in an attempt to showcase the local • Parapet walls with caps or cornices
05 heritage and character of the area. • Vertical window patterns, shapes, window
sills on 2nd floor
GOAL: Any building renovation or alteration to • Pilasters and decorative brick or stone
a heritage designated building or property of
interest, regardless of the planned use, must
retain the overall design integrity of the historic The sum of the façade elements defines a
building by protecting the original features and building’s visual qualities and character. Even
materials and respecting the traditional design when building uses have changed, it is still
elements. Historical photographs and original important to retain and/or interpret traditional
architectural drawings (if available) should façade elements.
be used to determine the appropriate design
solution.
Guidelines
As such, the following Guidelines apply to
the preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, • The original design and materials of the
renovation or improvements of designated building should be respected
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

heritage properties and properties of interest.

• Rehabilitate and restore architectural details
rather than replace, using proper heritage
Façades methods. Archival images should be used
when available to determine historical
Preservation of traditional façade elements found design, when repairing a façade; where no
on existing buildings creates patterns along the reliable clues to the original condition exist
face of the block that contributes to the overall the design should reflect the style, rhythm
character of the area. and scale of other traditional examples on
Church Designated a Heritage Property
the street

74
• Both vertical and horizontal divisions shall
be consistent from one building to the next.
For example, horizontal lines shall be in line
with neighbouring buildings, while vertical
lines should reflect the rhythm and spacing
of existing buildings within the overall
streetscape.
• Special care shall be given to brick and
masonry repair. Gently clean brick and
masonry – never sandblast. Mortar mix
shall match existing – modern ‘hard’ mortars
will damage the existing brick.
• Existing architectural details, such as
ground floor cornice and signboard, shall
be retained and rehabilitated. Where no
original details exist, archival research
shall be undertaken to establish design
parameters.
05
• Preservation or restoration of ornamental
cornices is particularly encouraged. Other
important façade elements to be respected
include belt courses, pilasters, windows,
window arches and frames.
• Adding more elaborate or extensive
ornamentation than was originally found
on the building façade is not generally
appropriate.
• It is not the intention of this guideline to
recreate the past if the original building

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

façade does not exist. However, if
documentary evidence such as photographs
of the original does exist, then one
recommended alternative is to restore
the façade based on this documentation.
Where exact reconstruction is not practical,
new simplified contemporary interpretations
of the original details are possible as long Example of Architectural Guidelines
as the intent, scale and character of the
original detail are retained.

75
 Roofs Building Materials
Visible roof material should be treated in the same manner as the building
façade, reflecting the existing conditions and character of the area. Building materials are an important element in the foundation of
architecture, as the chosen material helps to define a specific character
and style. It is important to maintain these character defining elements,
Guidelines by ensuring original building materials are maintained and preserved, to
protect the heritage value.
• Visible roof material should be treated in the same manner as the
building façade, and repaired or replaced with like materials, such as
copper or zinc. Guidelines

• Non visible roofs should be repaired or replaced using modern • If the replacement or refurbishment of original building materials is
materials and where possible or appropriate green roofs should be required by the building owner, the form, material and detailing of the
encouraged. new elements must be compatible with the overall historic character.

• Use low-profile mechanical units and elevator shafts on rooftops to • Use sympathetic and compatible materials, in keeping with texture,
05 reduce visibility from the street. If this is not possible, setback or
screen rooftop equipment from view. Also be sensitive to views from
colour and composition.

the upper floors of neighbouring buildings. • Clean masonry using gentlest means necessary; never sandblast. It
is often better not to clean and to leave a weathered patina to maintain
• Skylights or solar panels should have low profiles and not be visible historical character.
from public right-of- ways. These features should be installed in a
manner that minimizes damage to historic materials. • Never paint unpainted masonry.

• Traditional materials are preferred, modern materials may be used if

sympathetic.

• Retain original materials wherever possible through repair and

restoration.

• Avoid concealing original façade materials. If the original material has

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

been covered, uncover it if feasible. If portions of the original material

must be replaced, use a material similar to the original.

• Stone and brick were the predominant building materials used in the
downtown. Avoid the use of materials that are not visually compatible
with these materials and the original façade, such as shiny metals,
mirror glass, plastic panels, and vinyl windows or doors.

76
Windows and Doors
• Use doors with a large area of glass above a solid panel at the base
surrounded by a painted frame. Avoid unfinished anodized metal,
The alignment of architectural features from one building to the next such bright aluminum, or stainless steel frames.
as window locations, create visual continuity and establishes a coherent
visual context throughout the downtown. For the commercial buildings they • For most historic buildings, large panes of glass at the display
create patterns along the face of the block that contribute to the overall windows level with solid kick-plates below are appropriate.
character of the area.
• Multi-pane designs that divide the storefront window into small
components should only be used if they replicate historic elements
Guidelines and original openings that can be documented.
• Restore original spacing, proportion and rhythm of openings, if altered • Finished frames may be metal with black anodized or painted finish;
from the original. however, painted or varnished wood is preferable. Residential type
doors are not acceptable. If documentation of the original entry is
• Recessed entries identify the entrance and provide shelter. The available, the recommended alternative is restoration or replication.
rhythm of these recessed entrances on the street clearly contributes to
visual continuity and the traditional character.
05

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Before Restoration During Restoration After Restoration

77
 • The kick-plate, generally the area of the street façade below the Cornices and Parapets
storefront window and above the sidewalk, should be preserved
wherever possible. For buildings with cultural significance, the original
kick-plate should be restored from documentary evidence. If original Cornices and parapets are often subject to decay due to weather exposure
information is not available, develop a new simplified design that and material deterioration and can cause a hazard to the street below. The
retains the original character and dimension of a kick-plate that would appeal of heritage buildings is often found in the wood details, cornice,
most likely have been on the building. For renovations where there brackets and trim. These essential details should be repaired or replaced
is no documentary evidence, appropriate kick-plate materials are: to their original configuration.
brick, wood panels, stone, and glazed tile or painted metal in muted
tones.
Guidelines
• The use of a clear glass transom over doors, or clerestory features
within the upper part of the display window area, is generally • Repair rather than replace cornices and parapets. If replacing,
appropriate. The design of the entire storefront, clerestory, display replace with copy of original.
window, transom and entry door was generally considered as one
element with a consistent framing detail. • Establish consistent demarcation lines throughout.

05 • Rehabilitation should consider using the original materials and

proportions of the opening to re-establish this character. Align
• Upper and lower cornice and signboard heights should generally be
the same height and width.
transom or clerestory window and framing with other adjacent
buildings to maintain a clear line along the block face. • False parapets are discouraged and the height should be limited to
less than 1.8m.
• Maintain the original spacing patterns and proportions of the windows.
Re-open/reveal upper storey windows if they are presently blocked. • Aluminum or modern pre-finished materials are not acceptable unless
architecturally appropriate and sympathetic to the building
• If lowered ceilings are necessary, step the dropped ceiling back from
the window. If the window must be covered to accommodate the
dropped ceiling, recreate the original style windows from historical
documentation.

• Repair rather than replace original windows. If repair is not feasible,

replace with windows that match the existing windows as closely as
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possible.

• Preserve the window frame, sash and surrounds. Size, frame and
trim material, method of operations, size of sash members, window
frame elements, and the pattern of divided lights are important
features to replicate if unable to preserve.

• A historic material such as wood is most appropriate. If moulded

plastic, vinyl or aluminum replacements must be used they should
replicate original materials, finishes, and dimensions as closely as
possible.

78
Setbacks and Step Backs

Guidelines
• Occasionally, the line at the sidewalk is retained by the use of other
elements such as planters, columns or railings, and the storefront
is recessed. Where buildings are built to an alley edge, consider
alley display windows and secondary customer entries if original
materials and features are not damaged.

• Preserve storefront display windows at the sidewalk edge. Maintain

historic recesses and entryways where they exist.

• If approval is given for a roof top addition, any portion of the structure
built above the existing roofline should step back from the storey
beneath it in order to limit its visual impact on the streetscape.
05
Signage Example of High Quality Signage

Guidelines

• Signage should be consistent in location, and the primary signage

should be located on the ground floor entablature (between the
storefront windows and the upper façade).

• Signs may be painted directly onto storefront windows, but should

promote the heritage character of the area and allow for unobstructed
views into the storefront display.

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• Signage should be incorporated into the design of the building façade.

• Signage must never be backlit, only lit externally.

• Signage must conform to the provisions of the Sign By-law No. 191-
03.

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05
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Central Park in Preston

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Lighting

Guidelines
• Lighting affixed to buildings should be in keeping with the style of
the building and character of the area. This would include styles
appropriate with the architecture and heritage features of the area, or
contemporary designs that are compatible with the historic context.

• In no circumstance should building lighting be seen as a replacement

for street lighting, or vice versa.

• Lighting for the purpose of illuminating signage should be of an

appropriate style, size and light level, and integrate well with the
building and sign that they serve. Where possible, lighting should
project directly on the signboard.

• Encouragement should be given to energy efficient lighting to promote 05

sustainability.
Example of High Quality Signage
• Special attention should be given to reducing levels of light pollution.

Accessibility
The Accessibility for Ontarians with Disability Act (AODA) provides the
framework for the development of mandatory standards of accessibility.
These development standards must be reviewed and implemented through
the application of the AODA.

Guidelines

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• Accessibility issues should be explored and, if possible, addressed
during any restoration work.

• All new buildings and major renovations/additions to existing buildings

will need to conform to existing legislation regarding universal design
principles.

Example of Gooseneck Lighting

81
 5.3 Guidelines for Future Infill Development
The purpose of this section is to provide guidance for the design of new Height
construction and the renovation of non-contributing buildings in Preston
Towne Centre, in order to retain the historic context of the area while Appropriate building heights sensitive to other building on the block, assist
providing new opportunities. Non-contributing building are those that in restoring or recreating the historic alignment of architectural features,
have little or no heritage, cultural significance, but are in sufficiently good which unify the street visually.
condition to warrant remodeling. While new building design is expected
to reflect the character of its own time, thereby making the downtown a
living district, it is important that it also respect the traditional quality that Guidelines
makes the downtown unique. These qualities include massing, scale, and
consistency with adjoining buildings, storefront detailing and choice of • In general, the building should appear similar in height, mass, and
materials. scale to other buildings in the historic area to maintain the area’s
visual integrity and unique character.
Modern architecture should not be discouraged but rather should be
05 approved at the discretion of City staff on a site specific basis, and
should follow the general guidelines for building materials identified in
• Notwithstanding the above, it is important to maintain a variety of
heights to create visual interest.
Section 1.2.3. Any buildings of this style must remain sympathetic and
complimentary to the overall character of the area and surrounding • While the actual heights of buildings are of concern, the perceived
buildings. heights of buildings are equally important. New infill buildings with
a proposed height taller than existing shall step back at height of
GOAL: To ensure that infill development retain the overall design integrity existing buildings, to give the appearance of continuity at street/
of the historic area by protecting the original character of the area, through pedestrian level and to reduce the overall massing and appearance of
the use of features and materials and respecting traditional design the building.
elements.
• Two and three storey buildings make up the primary architectural
fabric of the downtown; taller buildings should be located at key
intersections.
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Opportunity for Infill Development

82
Setbacks and Step Backs
Appropriate building heights sensitive to other building on the block, assist
in restoring or recreating the historic alignment of architectural features,
which unify the street visually.

Guidelines - Front Property Setbacks Guidelines - Front Property Step Backs

• In many cases, the building’s placement on the site is an important
• Additional storeys should be substantially setback (approximately
defining characteristic. To maintain the original setback of historic
1.5m to 3.0m) from the primary façade so that the original building
buildings the footprint of a new building, where possible, should be in
heights and façade are clearly distinguishable from the new upper
line with the footprint of at least one adjacent existing building.

• For commercial style buildings, if a portion of the building wall is

floor as seen from the street.
05
• If approval is given for a roof top addition, any portion of the structure
proposed to be set back from the sidewalk, careful consideration
built above the existing roofline should step back from the storey
should be given to maintaining the front line of the building at the
beneath it in order to limit its visual impact on the streetscape.
sidewalk edge through the use of planters, railings, columns or similar
features up to an overhanging second floor.
Guidelines - Side Property Setbacks
• A portion of a new building may be set back to accommodate a ground
floor colonnade or porch, so long as the upper storey remains in line • Position additions set back from the main façade, and create the
with surrounding and adjacent buildings. difference between the original façade and the addition with a subtle
change in colour, texture or materials.
• A new building or addition on the same lot as an historic building
should be set back to reveal the historic building.

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83
 Façade Articulation and Massing
Repetition of traditional façade features creates patterns and visual
alignment that contribute to the overall character of the area. While these
features may be interpreted in new and contemporary ways through
infill and intensification, the following guidelines will assist in ensuring
uniformity and appropriate façade design, in keeping with the general
character of the area. Architectural treatments should conform to adjacent
buildings however, contemporary design can be a welcomed addition to
the streetscape but the design should be sympathetic to the surrounding
buildings. It is important that the façade pattern of the block be maintained.
This is especially important for projects facing key pedestrian streets. The
commercial building façades create patterns which form contributing factors
to the overall character of the area. Future building façades should be
designed to reinforce these patterns and support the area’s established
visual character.

05 Guidelines

• Both vertical and horizontal divisions should be consistent from one

building to the next. Large buildings can be sub-divided into smaller
units with subtle façade treatments that will create consistency
within the larger building yet provide additional units, promoting
intensification. For example, horizontal lines should be in line with
neighbouring buildings, while vertical lines should reflect the rhythm
and spacing of existing buildings along the streetscape. Breaking up
the façade of larger buildings into smaller bays will aid in reflecting the
character and style of smaller buildings along the streetscape.

• Massing of new infill buildings should reflect the scale, massing and
size of buildings within the immediate context.
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• Where possible, new infill buildings should be of similar width and

height to existing buildings within the immediate context.

• Where possible, a kick plate should be provided as a base to the

storefront. Align the height with others in the same block.

• Incorporate clerestory elements in display windows and transoms.

Align transoms above entrance doors with others, when others are
appropriately placed.

84
• First floor display windows should be aligned with the height of others
in the block when others are appropriately placed.

• Storefront windows should be provided, even for restaurant venues.

• Upper storey window openings, vertical patterns, shapes and styles

should be consistent with others in the block, including window sills on
upper floors.

• Sign band should be placed above the street level.

• Parapets should be included to provide a distinctive upper edge to a

building’s façade, constructed with materials characteristic of the area,
preferably with a raised parapet on the main façade.
05
• Cornices should be included to provide distinctive edges and linear
detail to a building’s façade, constructed of materials characteristic of
the area with a strong projecting cornice shape.

• Angle building entrances on corner lots.

• Central entrances should be recessed.

• Designs should be sympathetic to and incorporate similar roof lines

and proportions to that of other buildings in the block.

• The first floor of downtown commercial buildings should be primarily

transparent, oriented to the street, with inviting and accessible
storefronts.

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• Upper floors should incorporate traditional vertically proportioned
window openings within a more solid façade treatment.

85
 Roofs Materials

Guidelines Guidelines
• Roofs of new buildings are recommended to • Use building materials that have a texture, • The following materials are generally
be similar to other surrounding buildings on pattern and scale similar to those in Preston inappropriate:
the block. Towne Centre.
• Coarsely finished, “rustic” materials,
• Use low-profile mechanical units and • The use of brick as the primary building such as wood shakes, shingles,
elevator shafts on rooftops to reduce material is encouraged to reflect historic barn board or stained fir plywood.
visibility from the street. If not possible, building patterns in the commercial • Poorly crafted or “rustic”
provide adequate setback to screen rooftop downtown. Choose accent materials woodworking and finishing
equipment from view. Also be sensitive to similar in texture and scale to others in the techniques
views from the upper floors of neighbouring downtown. These include: • Corrugated metal and fiberglass
buildings. • Most rock or fieldstone
• Brick and stone masonry • Antique” or old brick with partial
05 • Rooftop amenity areas, including open
space, green roofs, balconies or terraces
• Finished lumber, applied to achieve
traditional patterns (i.e., horizontal
paint, mottled light variegated brick,
oversized brick and white brick
are encouraged to promote sustainability siding rather than diagonal) mortar
and green energy practices. • Finished painted metal and sheet • Stucco surfaces that are highly
metal textured (i.e., associated with a
• Skylights or solar panels should have low • Clear or lightly tinted glass “hacienda” or “Mediterranean” style)
profiles and not be visible from public right- • Ceramic tiles • Expanded metal
of- ways. These features should be installed • Brick, clay and ceramic pavers • Silver or clear anodized aluminum
in a manner that minimizes damage to • Slate, finished metal, glazed sheets
historic materials. ceramic and tile roofs • Silver or clear aluminum extrusions
• Concrete and stone as lintels and for windows and doorways
wood or concrete columns • Residential type sliding glass doors
• Embossed metal • Imitation wood siding or stone
• Flat or moulded plastic sheeting in
quantities exceeding 0.5 square
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meters when used as primary

façade materials
• Imitation metal “rock work”
• Plastic moulded imitation of any
conventional building material
• Mirror or metalized reflective glass
• Glass block

86
Signage Lighting

Guidelines Guidelines
• Signage should be sympathetic to the existing area and should unify • Lighting affixed to new buildings should be in keeping with the style
store front signage in the area. of the building and character of the area. This would include styles
appropriate with the architecture and heritage features of the area, or
• Signage should be incorporated into the design of the building façade. contemporary designs that are compatible with the historic context.

• Signage should be consistent in location, and the primary signage • In no circumstance should building lighting be seen as a replacement
should be located on the ground floor entablature (between the for street lighting, or vice versa.
storefront windows and the upper façade).
• Lighting for the purpose of illuminating signage should be of an
• Signage shall never be backlit, only lit externally. appropriate style, size and light level. Where possible, lighting should
project directly on the signboard.
• Signs may be painted directly onto storefront windows, but should
promote the heritage character of the area and allow for unobstructed
views into the storefront display.
• Encouragement should be given to energy efficient lighting to promote
sustainability. 05
• Light sources that will be seen, should be sympathetic in character of • Special attention should be given to reducing levels of light pollution.
the area and integrate well with the building and sign that they serve.
• Lighting should be installed in such a way that it does not cause
damage to the building fabric.

Accessibility

Guidelines

• Accessibility issues should be explored and, if possible, addressed

during any restoration work.

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• All new buildings and major renovations/additions to existing buildings
will need to conform to existing legislation regarding universal design
principles.

87
 5.4 Recommendations for Implementation of
Architectural Guidelines
What Can City Staff Do? What Can the Business Improvement Area Do?
The Preston Business Improvement Area (BIA) should be encouraged
Amend Zoning By-Law to create awareness within their respective membership to educate all
affiliates of funding opportunities and programming available to help
The City of Cambridge Zoning By-Law currently reflects the redevelopment better the Business Improvement Area. The awareness can be completed
of the core area, but should be further detailed to include the addition of through:
site specific zoning provisions. This will provide an opportunity for the
implementation of the Urban Design Guidelines and Architectural Design • Information sessions at BIA meetings (include a member of City Staff
Guidelines. to describe details of Façade Improvement Program).
05 • Email reminders to membership regarding programs available for
Include Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee (MHAC) improvements.

Any proposed alterations to heritage buildings or properties of interest • Providing contact information (City Staff contacts, Architectural
must go through the Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee. The Contacts) for assistance of the façade improvement program to all
Heritage Committee should be equipped with the Urban Design Guidelines members.
and Architectural Design Guidelines to help formulate opinion and
recommendations for approval for updates to any designated heritage
properties or properties of interest.

Provide Opportunities for Funding

• Cost sharing and/or joint ventures with private developers should be

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explored.

• Promotion of Heritage Grant Programme

• Promotion and implementation of Façade Improvement Program(s)

88
Implementation Goals

The implementation goals of the Urban Design Guidelines and Architectural

Design Guidelines are as follows:

• Continue to protect heritage resources within Core Areas.

• Utilize the described guidelines in this document for any development,

adaptive reuse, or façade improvement projects.

• Ensure all City Staff (including Planning, Building, and Economic

05
Development) are familiar with and utilize the proposed guidelines
Urban Design and Architectural Design Guidelines.

• Ensure the Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee is familiar with and

implements the Guidelines for all improvement projects.

• Dedicate a member of City Staff to promote the improvement program

and encourage redevelopment within core areas to follow the
Guidelines.

• Zoning in core areas will continue to allow a variety of uses and

development forms, however should be re-evaluated as necessary
upon site development.

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• Create awareness of the Façade Improvement Program through BIA
Marketing to all members.

• Secure funding for the Façade Improvement Program.

89
This Page has been Intentionally Left Blank
 06

PART
06
Phasing & Cost Estimates

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91
 PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

92
06
6.1 Phasing and Cost Estimate Evaluation

City of Cambridge Partnership with Region of Waterloo

The Region of Waterloo’s 10 year Transportation Capital Program includes funds in 2013-2018 for the reconstruction of King Street in
Cambridge to upgrade the deteriorated road conditions.

The Region of Waterloo has hired a consulting engineering firm to provide services for the reconstruction of King Street (from Bishop Street to
Eagle Street). The Region is currently undertaking a preliminary design for:

• Enhanced cycling and pedestrian facilities;

• Minor traffic operational improvements (to be determined by the Region); 06

• Enhanced transit facilities for the Grand River Transit (GRT);

• Localized underground infrastructure improvements, including storm and/or sanitary sewers, watermain and;

• Roadway aesthetics and streetscaping.

Construction is planned for the 2016- 2018 time period.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

93
 In preparing the general cost estimate for the proposed design of the subject study area it has been assumed that the City of Cambridge will plan the
implementation of the streetscaping upgrades in conjunction with the plans of the Region of Waterloo and move forward with a combined King Street
reconstruction/streetscaping project.

The following phasing and cost estimates have been broken down on a block by block basis. The purpose is to assist City Staff determine the funding
required to enhance the streetscaping elements.

Phasing:

Phase 1: King Street- Speed River Bridge to Eagle Street (including Eagle Street Intersection)

06 Phase 2: King Street – Eagle Street to Dover Street (including Dover Street Intersection)

Phase 3: King Street – Dover Street to Waterloo Street (including Waterloo Street Intersection)

Phase 4: King Street – Waterloo Street to Argyle Street (including Argyle Street Intersection)

Phase 5: King Street – Argyle Street to Westminister Drive (including Westminister Drive Intersection)

Phase 6: King Street – Westminister Drive to Church Street (including Church Street Intersection)

Phase 7: King Street – Church Street to Lowther Street (including Lowther Street Intersection)

Phase 8: King Street – Lowther Street to Dolph Street (including Dolph Street Intersection)

Phase 9: King Street – Dolph Street to Project Limits

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Phase 10 - Reconstruction of Side Streets

94
6.2 King Street Reconstruction - with Region of
Waterloo - Assumptions
A set of assumptions has been developed for the redevelopment of King Street. It is important to note that all cost estimates are based on the
high level conceptual plan and are subject to change as the detailed design is undertaken.

Assumptions
• Based on an assumed partnership with the Region of Waterloo for construction.

• Based on the utilization of the same contractor as the Region of Waterloo throughout the entirety of the project.

• Based on Preliminary Design.

• Quantities for streetscape items are taken from the conceptual streetscape drawings (as of September 19, 2013).
06
• New trees shown on the City owned streets/ side streets are not included in cost estimates.

• No provision for the removal of asphalt, curb and gutter, sewers and watermain on City owned streets.

• No provision for hydro poles or traffic light relocation/replacement (assumed cost of Region of Waterloo).

• Contingency rates have been set higher than a typical construction project due to the conceptual design stages of the project.

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

95
 6.3 Phase 1: King Street
Speed River Bridge to Eagle Street
(including Eagle Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

96
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install bollards

• Supply and install public art feature

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/

truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates,

guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install planter bed materials and plants 06

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved
equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

• Contingency = 25%

Total Length (approximate): 262m All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
These are high level estimates.
Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,200.00
97
 6.4 Phase 2: King Street
Eagle Street to Dover Street
(including Dover Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

98
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

06
Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Contingency = 25%

Total Length (approximate): 100m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $1,750.00

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.

These are high level estimates.
99
 6.5 Phase 3: King Street
Dover Street to Waterloo Street
(including Waterloo Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

100
Phase Specific Assumption:

• Initiated Pedestrian Signal will be moved as part of the reconstruction from

Waterloo Street to Argyle Street with cost assumed to be that of the Region of
Waterloo.

Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install bollards

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

06
• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install planter bed materials and plants

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
• Contingency = 25% These are high level estimates.
Total Length (approximate): 131m
101
Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,000.00
 6.6 Phase 4: King Street
Waterloo Street to Argyle Street
(including Argyle Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

102
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install bollards

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install planter bed materials and plants

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%
06
Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

• Contingency = 25%

Total Length (approximate): 134m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,500.00

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
These are high level estimates.
103
 6.7 Phase 5: King Street
Argyle Street to Westminister Drive
(including Westminister Drive Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

104
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install bollards

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install planter bed materials and plants

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Supply and install flexible parking

06
• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

• Supply and install electrical receptacle under each tree

• Contingency = 25%
All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
These are high level estimates.
Total Length (approximate): 133m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,000.00 105

 6.8 Phase 6: King Street
Westminister Drive to Church Street
(including Church Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

106
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and

strata cells)

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting: 06
• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

• Supply and install electrical receptacle under each tree

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Contingency = 25%

Total Length (approximate): 134m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $1,900.00

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
These are high level estimates.

107
 6.9 Phase 7: King Street
Church Street to Lowther Street
(including Lowther Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

108
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install detectable warning plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting: 06
• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

• Contingency = 25%

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

Total Length (approximate): 134m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,100.00

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.

These are high level estimates.

109
6.10 Phase 8: King Street
Lowther Street to Dolph Street
(including Dolph Street Intersection)

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

110
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide

paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install detectable warning

plates/truncated domes

• Supply and install thermoplastic cross

walks

• Supply and plant deciduous trees

(including grates, guards and strata
cells)

• Supply and install planter bed

materials and plants
06
• Supply and install Molok containers or
approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light

foundations

• Contingency = 25%
All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.
Total Length (approximate): 255m These are high level estimates.

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $1,750.00 111

 6.11 Phase 9: King Street
Dolph Street to Project Limits

06
PRESTON TOWNE CENTRE

112
Costing Criteria:

• Supply and installation of 1.0m wide paving strips

• Supply and install bike rings

• Supply and install benches

• Supply and install gateway entry feature

• Supply and plant deciduous trees (including grates, guards and strata cells)

• Supply and install planter bed materials and plants

• Supply and install Molok containers or approved equivalent

• Contingency = 20%

06
Streetlighting:

• Supply and install new light standards

• Supply and install buried PVC conduit

• Supply and install electrical wires

• Supply and install handwells

• Construct cast in place concrete light foundations

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• Contingency = 25%

Total Length (approximate): 90m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $1,700.00

All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.

These are high level estimates.
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 6.12 Full Reconstruction of King Street within Study Area
Cost Estimate
The total estimated costs for the upgrade of streetscaping features if constructed in partnership with the
Region of Waterloo are:

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All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design. These are high level estimates.

Total Length (approximate): 1370m

Average Cost per Linear Metre (excluding HST) = $2,200.00

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6.13 Reconstruction of Side Streets by City of Cambridge
Assumptions
A set of assumptions has been developed for the redevelopment of the side streets for the entire study area. These costs only reflect
estimates for the redevelopment of part of each side street to the study area limits. It is recommended that these streets be reevaluated on an
individual basis and on a block by block basis for the purposes of road reconstruction.

It is important to note that all cost estimates are based off of high level conceptual plans and are subject to change as the detailed design is
undertaken.

• Based on Conceptual Design (as of September 20, 2013).

• All existing asphalt, curb and gutter and sidewalk within the right of way of City roads within the project limits are priced to be removed
on assumed road cross sections in the absence of as-built drawings.

• Removal and reconstruction works begin at the end of truncated domes at the curb radii and end at the project limits.

• New roadway construction includes 80mm HL4 base asphalt and 40mm HL3 surface asphalt (to be confirmed by geotechnical

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consultant).

• Standard curb and gutter at City Roads.

• New roadway and sidewalk widths vary as shown on streetscape drawings.

• Quantities for reconstruction of City roads are taken from current streetscape drawings.

• No provision for removal and replacement of road base granular materials for City roads.

• No provision for the removal of asphalt, curb and gutter, sidewalks, sewers and watermains on King Street.

• No provision for removal and replacement of sewers and watermains at City roads.

• No provision for hydro poles or traffic lights relocation/replacement.

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• No provision for grade changes, surplus removal based on thickness of new roadway.

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 6.14 Phase 10: Reconstruction of Side Streets within Study
Limits - Cost Estimate
Construction of the side streets will be at the sole expense of the
City of Cambridge for the detailed design, construction and contract
administration of each street. Miscellaneous and Provisional costs have
been added to the Phase 10 cost estimate to represent general site
construction cost (set up, management, site trailer, weather, etc.)

Costing should be completed on a block by block basis for any future

construction purpose. The estimates represented in this report are for the
reconstruction of the side streets strictly to the project limits.

Removals: All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design.

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These are high level estimates.

• Sidewalk

• Gutter

• Asphalt

• Contingency = 50%

New Roadway Surface:

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• Reshape and compact base

• Concrete sidewalk (including base)
• Base course asphalt
• Topsoil and sod
• Surface course asphalt
• Supply and plant deciduous trees with grates, guards and
• Adjusting manholes and catch basin frames and covers, etc. strata cells

• Concrete curb and gutter • Contingency = 25%

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6.15 Complete Study Area Improvements - Cost Estimate

The cost summary for the improvements of the entire study area as a whole are as follows:

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All draft costing subject to change based on detailed design. These are high level estimates.

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PART
07
Recommendations for Implementation

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