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Data Interpretation-Study Materials Bar Chart: Definition of A Bar Graph

This document defines and provides examples of different types of bar graphs, including: 1. Simple vertical and horizontal bar graphs that compare values between independent variables. 2. Range bar graphs that represent a range of data rather than single data points. 3. Double and divided bar graphs that compare two sets of related data side by side. 4. Segmented and stacked bar graphs that show proportions or percentages of parts to a whole. It also discusses interpreting bar graphs and types like multiple, triple, and clustered bar graphs. The goal is to help determine which bar graph type best suits the data and comparison being visualized.

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Mukunda Rao Pandit
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327 views

Data Interpretation-Study Materials Bar Chart: Definition of A Bar Graph

This document defines and provides examples of different types of bar graphs, including: 1. Simple vertical and horizontal bar graphs that compare values between independent variables. 2. Range bar graphs that represent a range of data rather than single data points. 3. Double and divided bar graphs that compare two sets of related data side by side. 4. Segmented and stacked bar graphs that show proportions or percentages of parts to a whole. It also discusses interpreting bar graphs and types like multiple, triple, and clustered bar graphs. The goal is to help determine which bar graph type best suits the data and comparison being visualized.

Uploaded by

Mukunda Rao Pandit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA INTERPRETATION-STUDY MATERIALS

BAR CHART

Definition of a Bar graph


A bar graph is a chart that uses bars to show comparisons between categories of data.
The bars can be either horizontal or vertical. Bar graphs with vertical bars are
sometimes called vertical bar graphs. A bar graph will have two axes. One axis will
describe the types of categories being compared, and the other will have numerical
values that represent the values of the data. It does not matter which axis is which, but it
will determine what bar graph is shown. If the descriptions are on the horizontal axis,
the bars will be oriented vertically, and if the values are along the horizontal axis, the
bars will be oriented horizontally.
Types of Bar Graphs
There are many different types of bar graphs. They are not always interchangeable. Each
type will work best with a different type of comparison. The comparison you want to
make will help determine which type of bar graph to use. First we'll discuss
some simple bar graphs.
A simple vertical bar graph is best when you have to compare between two or more
independent variables. Each variable will relate to a fixed value. The values are positive
and, therefore, can be fixed to the horizontal value.

Vertical bar graph

If your data has negative and positive values but is still a comparison between two or
more fixed independent variables, it is best suited for a horizontal bar graph. The
vertical axis can be oriented in the middle of the horizontal axis, allowing for negative
and positive values to be represented.
Horizontal bar graph

A range bar graph represents a range of data for each independent variable.
Temperature ranges or price ranges are common sets of data for range graphs. Unlike
the above graphs, the data do not start from a common zero point but begin at the low
number for that particular point's range of data. A range bar graph can be either
horizontal or vertical.

Range bar graph

The difference between a histogram and a simple bar graph is that in a histogram,
each bar represents a range of dependent variables instead of just one data point.
Histogram

Simple Bar Graph


Simple bar graph is used to show only one item. This is most widely used graph because
it is easy to draw and to understand.

• All bars have the same thickness.


• Distance between two consecutive bars is the same. The bars can touch each
other.
• The height of each bar represents the frequency number of students.
• The thickness has no significance.
• Bar graphs are preferred when each it
item
em of data is separate from the other.

Draw a bar graph of data given below.

Class IX-AIX-BIX-C
CIX-D
No. Of Students22 26 30 40

Simple bar graph for the given data:


Double Bar Graph
A double bar graph is used to display data for purposes of comparison. A double bar
graph shows two bars side by side that compare the quantities of two different things.
Each bar on the graph represent a certain value.

Make a Double Bar Graph


In a double bar graph, the relative data bars are displayed side by side. Double bar is
make as same as simple bar graph. But in this case we have to draw the bars into the
graph to represent each item.

Double Bar Graph Examples

Draw a bar graph of data given below.

ClassIX-AIX-BIX-CIX-D
Girls 10 26 18 16
Boys 12 20 12 24
Total 22 46 30 40
Bar graph for given data is shown as:
Divided Bar Graph
In a double bar graph the related data bars are displayed side by side. It used to
compare the data and provide a clear graphic for comparison in the individual data
items.

Double bar or divided bar graph is preferred when we want to compare two sets of
related data.
Segmented Bar Graph
Segmented bar graph is also called stacked bar graph, is a graph that is used to compare
the parts to the whole. A segmented bar chart has one bar for each level of a categorical
variable. Each bar is divided into segments, such that the length of each segment
indicates proportion or percentage of observations in a second variable.
Relative Frequency Bar Graph
A frequency distribution shows the number of items in each of several overlapping
classes. The relative frequency of a class equals the fraction of items belonging to a class.
For a data set with n observations, the relative frequency of each class can be
determined as:

Relative frequency of a class = Frequency of the class/n

A bar graph breaks categorical data down by groups, showing the frequency or relative
frequency for each group. So that before making a bar graph organize the data into
relative frequency table.
Interpreting Bar Graphs
The bar graphs are used to show comparison between given quantities, the differences
in the length of the bars indicate the relationships of the quantities being represented.
Bar graphs can be vertical or horizontal, depending upon the way the scales are laid out.
Multiple Bar Graph
Bar chart types include simple, multiple, stacked and positive-negative. Bar charts used
to comparing values for multiple items for one item at different times. A bar graph
representing values for multiple items may be termed a multiple bar graph.
Triple Bar Graph
A triple bar graph is where we show three different things. Creating a triple bar graph is
same as creating a single bar graph.
Clustered Bar Graph
A bar graph on which two or more data series are plotted side by side to form clusters.
Sometimes it also called as a grouped, multiple or side by side bar graph. A cluster bar
graph is useful when we want to observe how the frequency of cases in individual
categories of the dependent variable differ across the comparison groups.

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