Subject Name and Code : Database management system(22319) Academic Year : 2019-20

Course Name and Code : CO3I Semester : Third

A STUDY ON

Survey of different Database Software

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in October 2019 by the group of 05 students

Sr. Roll No Enrollment Seat No

Full Name Of Students
No (Sem-III) No (SemIII)

1 14 Om Bandu Divekar 1817340088 290901

2 36 Shrinivas Rajendra Kamble 1917340162 290909

3 37 Akash Jitendra Shinde 1917340160 290907

4 34 Krushna Laxman Warvatte 1917340176 290923

5 45 Dinesh Champalal Prajapati 1917340186 290933

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Vishwajeet Deshmukh

in

Three Years Diploma Programme in Engineering & Technology of Maharashtra

State Board of Technical Education,Mumbai(Autonomous)

ISO 9001:2008(ISO/IEC-27001:2013)

at

1734- TRINITY POLYTECHNIC PUNE

 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr/Ms._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

RollNo.________________ of Third Semester of Computer Engineering Diploma

Programme in Engineering & Technology at 1734 – Trinity Polytechnic Pune, has

completed the Micro Project Satisfactorily in Subject DBMS(22319) In the Academic Year
2019-2020 as Per the MSBTE Prescribed Curriculum of I Scheme.

Place : Pune Enrollment No :_______________

Date : / / Exam.seat No :_______________

Project Guide Head of the Department Principal

 Brief Introduction of database

A database is an organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically from a
computer system. Where databases are more complex they are often developed using formal design and
modeling techniques.

The database management system (DBMS) is the software that interacts with end users,
applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS software additionally
encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the database. The sum total of the database, the DBMS
and the associated applications can be referred to as a "database system". Often the term "database" is also used
to loosely refer to any of the DBMS, the database system or an application associated with the database.

Computer scientists may classify database-management systems according to the database models that
they support. Relational databases became dominant in the 1980s. These model data as rows and columns in a
series of tables, and the vast majority use SQL for writing and querying data. In the 2000s, non-relational
databases became popular, referred to as NoSQL because they use different query languages.

Formally, a "database" refers to a set of related data and the way it is organized. Access to this data is
usually provided by a "database management system" (DBMS) consisting of an integrated set of computer
software that allows users to interact with one or more databases and provides access to all of the data contained
in the database (although restrictions may exist that limit access to particular data). The DBMS provides various
functions that allow entry, storage and retrieval of large quantities of information and provides ways to manage
how that information is organized.

Because of the close relationship between them, the term "database" is often used casually to refer to
both a database and the DBMS used to manipulate it.

Outside the world of professional information technology, the term database is often used to refer to
any collection of related data (such as a spreadsheet or a card index) as size and usage requirements typically
necessitate use of a database management system.

Existing DBMSs provide various functions that allow management of a database and its data which can be
classified into four main functional groups:

 Data definition – Creation, modification and removal of definitions that define the organization of the
data.
 Update – Insertion, modification, and deletion of the actual data.
 Retrieval – Providing information in a form directly usable or for further processing by other applications.
The retrieved data may be made available in a form basically the same as it is stored in the database or in a
new form obtained by altering or combining existing data from the database.
 Administration - Registering and monitoring users
 Survey of different Database Software

 importance of the project :

 Understand the different existing database software.

 A comparative study of the different software helps in understanding the usage of the
different software in different scenario.

 Aim of the micro project :

 A comprehensive study of the different database software.

 Helps in understanding the best use of a particular database software
 Helps in understanding when database software is better suited to a particular application and
when it is not.
 The advantages and disadvantages of the different database software.
There are various types of Database :

 Oracle Database :

Intoduction :

Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) is

a proprietary multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle
Corporation.

It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data
warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. The latest generation, Oracle
Database 19c, is available on-prem, on-cloud, or in a hybrid-Cloud environment. 19c may also be
deployed on Oracle Engineered Systems (e.g. Exadata) on-prem, on Oracle (public) cloud or (private)
cloud at customer. At Openworld 2017 in San Francisco, Executive Chairman of the Board and CTO,
Larry Ellison announced the next database generation, Oracle Autonomous Database.

Advantages of Oracle Database :

1. Customer Satisfaction :
 One advantage of using Oracle databases is due to Oracles belief in customer satisfaction.
For example, all Oracle databases are backward compatible. This allows businesses to
upgrade their systems without a complete overhaul of their database system. This
provides efficient and low-cost updates. In addition, new versions of Oracle databases
provide new features while keep the popular features from older versions. This ensures
that their product is based on the customer's function rather than what is cost-effective for
Oracle.
2. Functionality :

 Oracle databases are used for practically all corporation level applications. Thus, Oracle
databases dominate the banking industry. Ten of the world's top banks use Oracle
databases to conduct their business. This is primarily due to Oracle's functionality. They
provide a combination of high-level technology and integrated business solutions. This is
a perfect for practically all corporations that have huge amounts of data to store and
access.

3. Reliability :

 Another important advantage offered by Oracle databases are their reliability. Oracle is a
database that delivers excellent performance when challenged with demanding tasks. The
ACID test, which is an important tool used to ensure the integrity of data stored, was
easily passed by Oracle databases. This test is important since reliable data storage is the
main purpose of a database. Thus, Oracle databases have been proven to deliver high
integrity of data storage.

4. Flashback Technology :

 Oracle databases incorporate Flashback technology, which is a significant advantage. In

the event of an application outage, due to any number of reasons, it is important not to
lose data stored on a database system. Oracle's Flashback technology allows for efficient
recovery of data incorrectly deleted or lost. Thus, Flashback technology essentially
removes human error and increases database recovery time. In the end, this feature allows
for a simplified management and administrative process.

5. Other Advantages :

 Oracle databases have also successfully featured the four properties that all database
systems must have. These four properties are atomicity, consistency, isolation and
durability. All four of the properties are well maintained by Oracle databases, thus
providing a reliable and competent database system.
Disadvantages of Oracle Database :

 Incompatibility and complexity:

This is presented as a limitation in the areas of time, data syntax, and character sensitivity.

 Management of the structure:

Oracle often tends to be complex or sometimes difficult to manage for certain activities, so it is
recommended to install a basic version and configure with a minimal customization.

 The price:

Many times there is no price or a specific budget for the Oracle license as it usually changes over
time depending on the change of policies, patches and updates by the company.

Although Oracle has a functioning that is considered by many companies as potential does not stop
having its failures which are a limitation for many things but for others you can take advantage and get a
high productivity in terms of business activities it means.
Versions Sheet of the Oracle Database Software :

Oracle Initial Initial Terminal Terminal

Marquee
Database Release Release Patchset Patchset
Features
Version Version Date Version Date

First commercially available SQL-

Oracle v2 2.3 1979 based RDBMS implmenting some
basic SQL queries and simple joins

Concurrency control, data

Oracle v3 3.1.3 1983
distribution, and scalability

Multiversion read consistency. First

Oracle v4 4.1.4.0 1984 4.1.4.4
version available for MS-DOS.

Support for client/server

5.0.22 computing and distributed
Oracle v5 1985 5.1.22
(5.1.17) database systems. First version
available for OS/2.

Row-level locking, scalability,

online backup and
Oracle v6 6.0.17 1988 6.0.37
recovery, PL/SQL. First version
available for Novell Netware 386.

Oracle 6.2 6.2.0 Oracle Parallel Server

PL/SQL stored procedures, Triggers,

Oracle7 7.0.12 June 1992 Distributed 2-phase commit, Shared
Cursors, Cost Based Optimizer

Oracle 7.1 7.1.0 May 1994 Parallel SQL Execution

Shared Server, XA Transactions,

Oracle 7.2 7.2.0 May 1995
Transparent Application Failover
 February
Oracle 7.3 7.3.0 7.3.4 Object-relational database
1996

Recovery Manager, Partitioning.

Oracle8 Database 8.0.3 June 1997 8.0.6
First version available for Linux.

August Native internet protocols and Java,

Oracle8i Database 8.1.5.0 1998 8.1.7.4
2000 Virtual Private Database

December Oracle Real Application Clusters

Oracle9i Database 9.0.1.0 2001 9.0.1.5
2003 (RAC), Oracle XML DB

Oracle9i Database Advanced Queuing, Data Mining,

9.2.0.1 2002 9.2.0.8 April 2007
Release 2 Streams, Logical Standby

Automated Database Management,

Oracle Database February Automatic Database Diagnostic
10.1.0.2 2003 10.1.0.5
10g Release 1 2006 Monitor, Grid infrastructure, Oracle
ASM, Flashback Database

Real Application Testing, Database

Vault, Online Indexing, Advanced
Oracle Database
10.2.0.1 July 2005 10.2.0.5 April 2010 Compression, Data Guard Fast-Start
10g Release 2
Failover, Transparent Data
Encryption

Oracle Database September September Active Data Guard, Secure

11.1.0.6 11.1.0.7
11g Release 1 2007 2008 Files, Exadata

Edition Based Redefinition, Data

Redaction, Hybrid Columnar
Oracle Database September August
11.2.0.1 11.2.0.4 Compression, Cluster File System,
11g Release 2 2009 2013
Golden Gate Replication, Database
Appliance

Multitenant architecture, In-

Oracle Database Memory Column Store,
12.1.0.1 July 2013 12.1.0.2 July 2014
12c Release 1 Native JSON, SQL Pattern
Matching, Database Cloud Service
 September
2016 Native Sharding, Zero Data Loss
Oracle Database (cloud)
12.2.0.1 Recovery Appliance, Exadata Cloud
12c Release 2
Service, Cloud at Customer
March 2017
(on-prem)

February
2018
(cloud:
Oracle Database 18.1.0) Polymorphic Table Functions,
18.1.0
18c Active Directory Integration
July 2018
(on-prem:
18.3.0)

February
2019
(Exadata)
April 2019 Active Data Guard DML
(Linux and Redirection, Automatic Index
Oracle Database other Creation, Real-Time Statistics
19.0.0
19c platforms) Maintenance, SQL Queries on
Object Stores, In-Memory for IoT
June 2019
Data Streams, and many more.
(cloud)
August
2019
  My SQL :

Introduction :

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its name is

a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and "SQL", the
abbreviation for Structured Query Language.
MySQL is free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public
License, and is also available under a variety of proprietary licenses. MySQL was owned and
sponsored by the Swedish company MySQL AB, which was bought by Sun
Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation). In 2010, when Oracle acquired Sun,
Widenius forked the open-source MySQL project to create MariaDB.
MySQL is a component of the LAMP web application software stack (and others), which
is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python. MySQL is used by many database-
driven web applications, including Drupal, Joomla, phpBB, and WordPress. MySQL is also used
by many popular websites, including Facebook, Flickr, MediaWiki, Twitter, and YouTube.

Advantages Of Using MySQL :

It’s Easy To Use :

MySQL is very easy to install, and thanks to a bevy of third-party tools that can be added to the database,
setting up an implementation is a relatively simple task. In addition, it’s also an easy database to work
with. So long as you understand the language, you shouldn’t run into too many problems.

Support Is Readily Available Whenever Necessary :

Although Oracle’s history of supporting its customers can be spotty at best, the nature of MySQL – which
got its start as an open-source platform – means that there’s a large and thriving community of developers
and enthusiasts to which one can turn for help. This is due in large part to the popularity of the solution, the
end result of which is no shortage of experts.

It’s Open-Source (Sort Of) :

Oracle’s purchase of Sun Microsystems (and by association, MySQL) was met with some contention from
the development community. The general fear was that Oracle would transform the tool into a closed,
proprietary ecosystem. Thankfully, though Oracle has tightened its grip on MySQL somewhat, it can still
be considered an open-source database option, as the code is still available for free online.

It’s Incredibly Inexpensive :

Depending on what you plan to use it for, a MySQL implementation could range in price from free to
$10,000 or more. Either way, it’s significantly less expensive than most other database options on the
market (save for MySQL’s open-source competitors).
It’s An Industry Standard (And Still Extremely Popular) :
Although MySQL’s popularity has waned somewhat in recent years, it remains one of the most-used
database systems in the world. It’s compatible with virtually every operating system, and is more or less an
industry standard. This is, of course, in spite of all the folks who say it’s on the way out.

Disadvantages Of Using MySQL :

It’s Got A Few Stability Issues :

According to Digital Ocean, MySQL tends to be somewhat less reliable than its peers. These stability
issues are related to the manner in which it handles certain functions (such as references, transactions, and
auditing). While the database is certainly still usable in light of these problems, they do tend to make
MySQL a poor choice for certain use cases.

It Suffers From Relatively Poor Performance Scaling :

Although MySQL is equipped to handle a virtually limitless volume of data, it has a troubling tendency to
come grinding to a halt if it’s forced to deal with too many operations at a given time. This relatively poor
performance scaling means that anyone with high concurrency levels should probably look into an
alternative.

“In my experience,” writes software engineer Koushik Ramachandra, “I have found that MySQL works
better when you have a low write/read ratio, and offers low scalability as the read/write ratio grows.”

Development Is Not Community Driven – and Hence Has Lagged :

Since Oracle has taken the helm of MySQL’s development, progress appears to have ground to a halt, with
only one major release in the past several years. The company doesn’t accept community-developed
patches, nor has it bothered to offer users any sort of roadmap for MySQL development. There’s really no
way for developers to discuss the database management system with Oracle – and that’s a problem.

Its Functionality Tends To Be Heavily Dependant On Addons :

Although MySQL is relatively easy to set up, it tends to have less out-of-the-box functionality than many
other database systems on the market. Certain features – such as text search and ACID compliance – are
dependant not on the core engine but on applications and add-ons. While it’s true that there exists a
plethora of well-made applications for MySQL, tracking them down can sometimes be a pain, and might
cause some developers to simply choose an alternative which – while not as easily installed – offers more
immediate functionality.

Developers May Find Some Of Its Limitations To Be Frustrating :

Not surprisingly, MySQL isn’t designed to do everything (nor should it be). The database isn’t fully SQL-
compliant, and tends to be limited in areas including data warehousing, fault tolerance, and performance
diagnostics (among others). Developers may find this relative dearth of functionality frustrating,
particularly if they’re used to a more full-featured alternative.
  MS Access :

Introduction :

Microsoft Access is a database management system (DBMS)

from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with
a graphical user interface and software-development tools. It is a member of
the Microsoft Office suite of applications, included in the Professional and higher
editions or sold separately.
Microsoft Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database
Engine. It can also import or link directly to data stored in other applications and
databases.
Software developers, data architects and power users can use Microsoft
Access to develop application software. Like other Microsoft Office applications,
Access is supported by Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), an object-
based programming language that can reference a variety of objects including the legacy
DAO (Data Access Objects), ActiveX Data Objects, and many other ActiveX
components. Visual objects used in forms and reports expose their methods and
properties in the VBA programming environment, and VBA code modules may declare
and call Windows operating system operations.

Advantages of MS Access :

Easy to install and use :

Access gives data managers a fully functional, relational database management system in
minutes. Like many other Microsoft applications, Access contains Wizards that walk you through
each step of the way. The user interface is intuitive; accelerating data information retrieval.

Ease to integrate :
Access works well with many of the developing software programs based in Windows. It also
can be used in the front-end as back-end tables with products like Microsoft SQL Server and
non-Microsoft products like Oracle and Sybase.

.NET-friendly :
Access is a go-to choice for users who plan to develop software using .NET; linking to Access
database. Its graphical user interface also offers easy functionality and set up.

Widely popular :
Microsoft Access is the most popular desktop database system in the world.

Saves you money :

Microsoft Access is hundreds of dollars more economical than other larger systems; offering the
same functions and usage.

Convenient storage capacity :

A Microsoft Access database can hold up to 2 GB of data.
Multi-user support :
About ten users in a network can use an Access application.

Importing data :
Microsoft Access makes it easy to import data.

Disadvantages of MS Access :

Finite :
Microsoft Access is useful for individual departments or small-to-medium business sectors. Any
sector whose usage goes beyond 2 GB will hit a wall and discover limitations.

Structure Query Language (SQL) :

SQL for MS Access is not as robust as MS SQL Server or Oracle, to just name a few.

One file :
All the information from your database is saved into one file. This limits options and how you
choose utilize data; slowing down reports, queries, and forms. Its performance becomes slow as
the user scales data size. Multimedia data can use up MS Access limited space quickly.

Static-Friendly :
It’s difficult to publish files a part from static files.

Multi-user limited :
Technical limit is 255 concurrent users, but real world limit is 10 to 80 (depending on type of
application).
Actual resources used :

SR Name of resources Remarks

Specifications Quantity
No used
Processor-

AMD
HDD-2TB
1 Computer Ram-16GB 1 For programming
Operating
system-
Windows 10
pro
2 SQL PLUS Oracle 11 g 1 -

Programming -
3 - 1
language
  Action Plan(sequences and time required for major
activities for 8 weeks)

Planned start Planned Name of team

Sr no Details of activity members
date finish date

Group formation. Om
1 Understanding basic 18/6/18 29/6/18 Divekar
concepts

Understanding basic Dinesh

2 2/7/18 13/7/18 Prajapati
concepts

Understanding the Akash Shinde

3 30/7/18 10/8/18
different database software

Comparative study of any Krushna

4 10/9/18 21/9/18 Warvatte
two database software.

Shrinivas
5 Create report 24/9/18 5/10/18 Kamble
REFERENCES:
We do have used a few references during the process of building out
project. The references used are from the websites , teachers etc.

The references used are:

WEBSITES:

1.www.google.com

2.www.w3resources.com

3.www.quora.com

4.www.geeksforgeeks.com