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ET LAB 1.2 Network Theorem

This document describes experiments to verify two circuit theorems: 1) Thevenin's Theorem: By measuring open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and load current with varying input voltages for different circuit configurations, the theorem is verified when the calculated and observed load currents match. 2) Superposition Theorem: By applying individual and combined input voltages and measuring corresponding component currents, the theorem is verified when the sum of individual currents equals the total current, within an acceptable error range. 3) Alternative procedures for determining Thevenin resistance and the justification of short circuiting sources while applying superposition are discussed. Tables of experimental data collected are also included.

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Sai Renu
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29 views

ET LAB 1.2 Network Theorem

This document describes experiments to verify two circuit theorems: 1) Thevenin's Theorem: By measuring open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and load current with varying input voltages for different circuit configurations, the theorem is verified when the calculated and observed load currents match. 2) Superposition Theorem: By applying individual and combined input voltages and measuring corresponding component currents, the theorem is verified when the sum of individual currents equals the total current, within an acceptable error range. 3) Alternative procedures for determining Thevenin resistance and the justification of short circuiting sources while applying superposition are discussed. Tables of experimental data collected are also included.

Uploaded by

Sai Renu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Verification of Network Theorems

Objectives:

The objective of this experiment is to verify the

i) Thevenin’s Theorem
ii) Superposition Theorem

Thevenin’s Theorem

Circuit Diagrams:

(a)

(b)

(c)
Fig1: Circuit Diagram for verification of thevenin’s theorem
Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in fig1(a)


2. Switch on the RPS and apply some input voltage (say 30V), observe the
load current IL.
3. Now reconnect the circuit as shown in Fig1(b) and apply the same input
voltage as in step 2 and observe the short circuit current(ISC).
4. Now reconnect the circuit as shown in fig1(c) and apply the same input
voltage as in step 2 and observe the open circuit voltage which is nothing
but the thevenin’s voltage(VTh).
5. Now compute the thevenin’s equivalent resistance (RTh=VTh/ISC).
6. Compute the load current applying thevenin’s theorem as
IL=VTh/(RTh+RL).
7. Compare the above load current with its observed value in step(2) and
verify the theorem.
8. Adjust the input voltage to a new value and repeat the procedure from
step(2) to step(7) (Take at least five sets of readings).

Table-I Thevenin’s Theorem

Sl. Observed ISC VTh RTh=(VTh/ISC) Computed load


No. load current current
(IL) (VTh/(RTh+RL))=IL

Discussion:

(i) Can you suggest any alternative procedure for the determination of
thevenin’s resistance RTh?
(ii) Is there any restriction for the choice of circuit elements?
Superposition Theorem:

Circuit Diagram

(a)

(b)

(c)

Fig2: Circuit Diagram for Superposition Theorem

Procedure:

1. Connect the circuit as shown in the Fig2(a), apply some input voltage V 1
and V2 and observe the current(I) through the 1kΩ resistor.
2. Connect the circuit as shown in fig2(b), and apply the same voltage V 1 as
in step1 and observe the current(I1) through the 1kΩ resistor.
3. Connect the circuit as shown in fig2(c), and apply the same voltage V 2 as
in step1 and observe the current (I2) through the 1kΩ resistor.
4. Compare I with (I1+I2) taking care of signs properly to verify the
theorem.
5. Repeat the procedure from step1 to step4 for five different combinations
of voltages V1 and V2

Table – II Superposition Theorem

Sl. I I1 I2 Computed Error %Error


No. current
(Ic=I1+I2)

Discussion:

i) While considering the effect of a single source, the other source is


short circuited why? How far is it justified?

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