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Electrocoagulation Unit

This document discusses optimizing the power requirement for a 1000 liter electrocoagulation wastewater treatment unit. Electrocoagulation is an effective technique for treating textile wastewater, which contains dyes, heavy metals and other contaminants. It works by applying an electric current through electrodes made of materials like aluminum or iron, which sacrifice ions that disturb particle charges and allow contaminants to coagulate, separate from the water, and be removed. The document outlines the theory and advantages of electrocoagulation, and estimates the total cost of a 1000 liter unit to be approximately 300,000 to 400,000 rupees.

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Tahneet Ali Khan
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53 views

Electrocoagulation Unit

This document discusses optimizing the power requirement for a 1000 liter electrocoagulation wastewater treatment unit. Electrocoagulation is an effective technique for treating textile wastewater, which contains dyes, heavy metals and other contaminants. It works by applying an electric current through electrodes made of materials like aluminum or iron, which sacrifice ions that disturb particle charges and allow contaminants to coagulate, separate from the water, and be removed. The document outlines the theory and advantages of electrocoagulation, and estimates the total cost of a 1000 liter unit to be approximately 300,000 to 400,000 rupees.

Uploaded by

Tahneet Ali Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

STUDENT NAME:
HAJRA KHAN
SUPERVISOR:
DR. MARYAM MUDASIR

ELECTROCOAGULATION
Case study: optimization of power requirement for an electrocoagulation unit of 1000 liter of waste
water treatment capacity

Introduction: Since the beginning of 21st century, the world which we are living in is facing so many
problems related to water and the reason behind these crisis are the urbanization, continuously
increasing population, land use change, practices of food production, high living standards and very bad
water uses practices and lack of efficient waste water management strategies and now there comes a
time where it is so important to develop efficient and cost-effective technologies where that it must be
eco based systems that operates all three dimensions of sustainable development which are social,
environmental and economical. Besides all the sources of waste contamination industries are one of
them. Wastewater coming from textile industries are a major problem nowadays. In textile industries
wastewater coming from finishing, dyeing particles, wet processing step is a serious issue and creating
environmental problems for years. Carcinogenic products such as aromatic amines due to large
consumption of azo dyes in the dyeing process contain contains considerable strong color, a broad range
of pH from 2 to 12, high COD concentration and suspended and they must be treated in order to make
this wastewater environmentally acceptable.

Conventionally they are treated by some methods like biological oxidation, chemical coagulation and
active carbon adsorption. These all conventional methods have some draw backs. In biological method
the application of this method is restricted to most commercial dyes due to its toxicity of the organism
used in the process and as far as chemical treatment is concerned it is not useful for the removal of
dissolved reactive dyestuff. Activated carbon adsorption has a high waste disposal cost and also because
of difficulty of regeneration process.

Above all these conventional methods one of the most effective techniques recently developed for
treatment of textile wastewater is electrocoagulation unit which is and advanced, effective, economic,
electro chemicals process that simultaneously removes heavy metals, suspended solids, emulsified
organic and almost all other contamination from the wastewater using electricity. This is the best
alternative method recently designed in place to traditional chemical or biological processes

Theory of EC: Electrocoagulation is the process of applying electric current into the aqueous medium by
which this process destabilizes suspended, emulsified or dissolved contaminants, through the command
process of coagulation, flocculation and electrochemistry. A typical electrocoagulation set up consists of
electrolytic cell with submerged electrodes which act as cathode and anode and connected externally to
a DC power supply as shown in Figure. Usually the electrodes are made up of aluminum, iron and steel.
Wastewater usually contains suspended particles and by the application of current suspended particles
charges disturbed and neutralize which allows very fine solids to precipitate and settle and also by the
application of current electrodes sacrifice and give up their metal ions into solution in water. These
given up metal ions behaves similarly like the chemical coagulants used in DAF systems which disturbs
the suspension and emulsions, solids being coagulate and separate out and hydrocarbons coalesce. The
time taken for the Electrocoagulation totally depends upon the contaminants. The incoming voltage is
AC but electrocoagulation requires DC voltage so it must be rectified before application.

Advantages of Electrocoagulation unit:

1. Electrocoagulation unit is easiest to operate because there is simple equipment arrangement for
this set up.
2. Electrocoagulation unit is controlled by electricity so it requires little maintenance.
3. No further addition of chemicals is required so there will be less risk of secondary pollution as
compared to chemical coagulation where chemicals are added.
4. The after treatment effluent is pleasant, clear, odor less and colorless.
5. The sludge formed after treatment is readily settable and is easy to de water.
6. Electrocoagulation can also be used with other renewable energy sources such as solar and wind
energy where electricity is not easily available.

Cost Estimation:

The cost estimation for the arrangement of 1000 liter of electrocoagulation set up is approximately
3 to 4 lakhs which includes the cost of electrodes, motor, reactor, transformer etc.

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