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Unit - V: Sensors and Transducers: 8. Define Strain Gauge. Define Gauge Factor

The document discusses transducers and sensors, describing their definitions and comparing different types. It addresses electrical transducers, listing their advantages and parameters. Various physical quantities measured by transducers are identified. Factors for selecting transducers and differences between primary and secondary transducers are outlined. Strain gauges and principles of operation for thermistors, thermocouples, and RTDs are explained. Piezoelectric effect and signal conditioning circuits are also summarized.

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Jayaram Krishna
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181 views

Unit - V: Sensors and Transducers: 8. Define Strain Gauge. Define Gauge Factor

The document discusses transducers and sensors, describing their definitions and comparing different types. It addresses electrical transducers, listing their advantages and parameters. Various physical quantities measured by transducers are identified. Factors for selecting transducers and differences between primary and secondary transducers are outlined. Strain gauges and principles of operation for thermistors, thermocouples, and RTDs are explained. Piezoelectric effect and signal conditioning circuits are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Jayaram Krishna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit – V : Sensors and Transducers

1. Define a transducer.
2. Compare sensors and transducers.
3. What are the advantages of electrical transducers.
4. State the various parameters of electrical transducers.
5. List the five physical quantities that the transducer measures.
6. List the factors to be considered while selecting a transducer.
7. Compare primary and secondary transducers.
8. Define strain gauge. Define gauge factor.
9. Describe operation and construction of strain gauge.
10. List different types of strain gauges.
11. Why are strain gauges are used in bridge circuits.
12. List various types of temperature transducers.
13. Compare thermistor and thermocouple.
14. What are different elements used as a sensor in RTD.
15. Compare RTD with thermistor
16. What is the principle of thermistor.
17. What is the principle of thermocouple.
18. What is piezoelectric effect.
19. Classify transducers
20. What is signal conditioning circuit
21. Compare active and passive transducers
22. Name one passive and active sensor
23. Categorize photo electric transducers
24. What are active transducers and give its examples
25. Give the operating principle involved in the piezoelectric transducers
26. What are the disadvantages of LVDT
27. What are passive transducers and give its examples
28.

Unit – IV : Bridges

1. Diagram of wheatstone bridge


2. What is the balance equation for balance of bridge.
3. What is the limitation of wheatstone bridge
4. Diagrams of all bridges.
5. Compare ac and dc bridges.
6. List various detectors used for ac bridges
7. State two conditions that must be satisfied to obtain bridge balance.
8. How a dissipation factor of a capacitor is measured.
9. What is the use of wagner’s ground connection.
10. What is the advantage and disadvantage of hays bridge
11. What is the sensitivity of the wheat stone bridge
12. What are the sources of errors in dc bridges
13. Why Kelvin bridge is preferred
14. What is the working principle of Q-meter.
15. Define EMI and EMC
16. List all precautions in using bridges
17. Draw the circuit diagram of Kelvin bridge
18. Draw the circuit of Anderson bridge
19. Interpret the applications of whaeatstone bridge
20. What do you understand by the term EMI
21. Give the principle involved in Kelvin bridge
22. What is the significance of Q-meter
23. What do you understand by the term EMC
24. if the bridge arms are connected with R1 = 2.2 K, R2 = 3.9 K, R3 = 10 K, find R4?
25. Why wagner ground connection is used in bridges
26. Mention the advantage s of bridge based measurements
27. What are the sources of errors in bridge measurements
28. Define quality factor

Unit – III : signal generators and analyzers

1. Define duty cycle


2. Define wave analyzer
3. Compare wave analyzer and spectrum analyzer
4. What is spectrum analyzer.
5. Define harmonic distortion and THD.
6. What are harmonic distortion analyzer
7. Define dynamic range
8. What is AWG
9. Explain principle of oscillation
10. What is barkhausen criterion
11. What is sweep generator
12. What is logic analyzer.
13. What is random noise in signal generators.
14. Compare fixed and variable signal generators
15. Differentiate function generators from signal generators.
16. What are the applications of spectrum analyzers
17. Compare spectrum and logic analyzers
18. What are the limitations of AF oscillators
19. Give the applications of logic analyzers
20. What are the basic characteristics of pulse
21. Write any two basic requirements for a signal generator
Unit – I : Measurements and Instrumentation
1. List different static characteristics.
2. Define accuracy, precision and errors
3. Define resolution and sensitivity.
4. Discuss the difference between accuracy and precision.
5. List different types of errors.
6. Define absolute and relative errors.
7. Define mean, deviation, standard deviation and variance.
8. Define speed of response and fidelity.
9. Define lag and dynamic error.
10. What are the requirements of shunt?
11. How can a basic ammeter be converted into a multirange ammeter?
12. What are the limitations of multirange ammeters?
13. State the precautions to be observed when using an ammeter.
14. Why is thermocouple is used in RF measurement of current?
15. What are the different thermocouples used for current measurement?
16. Define sensitivity of voltmeters.
17. What is loading effect?.
18. What is ohm meter?.
19. What are the dynamic characteristics of the instrument?
20. What are differential voltmeters?
21. Define any two dynamic characteristics of an instrument.
22. State the importance of sensitivity while selecting voltmeters for measurement.
23. Define the term instrument and give the function of ohm meter.
24. What is precision?. What are the two characteristics of precision?
25. What is meant by accuracy? What are the different ways of expressing accuracy?
26. Define calibration.
27. How are random errors are analyzed?.
28. What is ayrton shunt?
29. What is the functionality of multimeter?

Unit – II : CRO
1. List the major components of a CRT.
2. How is the electron beam is focused on to a fine spot on the face of the CRT.
3. What is the function of the trigger circuit?
4. What is the function of the delay line?
5. What is the need of the time base generator?
6. What are the advantages of using negative supply in a CRO?
7. What is the function of electronic switch?
8. What is the function of X-Y mode on CRO front panel?
9. What is the advantage of using delayed sweep CRO?
10. What is the principle of sampling oscilloscope?
11. What is the function of staircase generator used in sampling CRO?
12. What is the need of storage oscilloscope?
13. How frequency is measured by using lissajous pattern?
14. What is the function of the probe?. Mention different types of probes.
15. What is the function of the attenuators?
16. What are passive probes?
17. What is sync selector circuit?
18. What are active probes?
19. Distinguish between analog and digital storage oscilloscope.
20. On what factors do the deflection sensitivity depends upon.
21. List out standard specifications of CRO.
22. What are the applications of CRO?
23. What is meant by auto mode in CRO?
24. Define Fluorescene and persistence.

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