Frog Muscles

A. Ventral Muscle (Head and Trunk)

Muscle Part Origin Insertion Action

Anterior tip of Anterior angle of Raises tip of lower
Submentalis
mandible lower jaw jaw
Raises the floor of
Median surface of the mouth during
Mylohyoid Median raphe
mandible breathing and
swallowing
Posterior cornua and
Anterior angle of Draws the hyoid
Geniohyoid thyroid process of
lower jaw forward and upward
hyoid
Episternum and Proximal end of the
Sternoradialis Flexor of the forearm
omosternum radius
Xiphisternum;
anterior margin of Tense the skin which
Cutaneous Dermis of the skin at
the sheath that overlies the pectoral
pectoralis the pectoral region
covers the rectus girdle
abdominis
Pectoralis
- Anterior
- Medial Flexor, adductor,
Sternum Humerus
- Posterior rotator of the arm
Pectoralis

Rectus Abdominis
- Linea alba Support abdominal
(midventral Pubic border Sternum viscera and hold
portion of sternum in place
abdomen)
Help constrict the
Ilium, dorsal fascia
External oblique On the linea alba abdomen and
or vertebrae
support the viscera
Anterior portion of
Ilium, dorsal fascia, the same Help constrict the
Internal oblique transverse process aponeurosis to abdomen and
of vertebrae which the external support the viscera
oblique attaches
 B. Ventral Muscles of the Thigh and Shank

Muscle Part Origin Insertion Action

Flexes the shank and
Sartorius Pubis Tibiofibula
adducts the thigh
Adductor Longus Ilium Femur Adducts the thigh
Adducts the thigh
Pubic and ischial Distal end of the
Adductor magnus and flexes or extends
symphysis femur
the shank
Adducts the thigh
Gracilis major Ischium Tibiofibula
and flexes the shank
Adducts the thigh
Gracilis minor Ischium Tibiofibula
and flexes the shank
Semitendinosus Adducts the thigh
Ischium Tibiofibula
and flexes the leg
Distal end of the
Gastrocnemius femur; anterior Ankle of the foot Extensor of the foot
portion of the knee
Extensor or flexor of
Posterior surface of Proximal end of the the foot depending
Tibialis posticus
the tibiofibula astragalus on the position of the
foot
Anterior surface of
Distal end of the
Extensor cruris the proximal half of Extensor of the foot
femur
the tibiofibula
Anterior surface of Proximal end of the
Flexor tarsi
the middle and distal astragalus and fascia Flexor of the foot
anterior
half of the tibiofibula of the foot
Distal end of the
Tibialis anticus Femur astragalus and Flexor of the foot
calcaneus

C. Ventral Muscles of the Forelimbs

Muscle Part Origin Insertion Action

Scapulohumeralis Adductor of the
Scapula Deltoid ridge
or Deltoid forearm
Base of the scapula
Proximal end of the Extensor of the
Triceps brachii and shaft of the
radio-ulna forearm
humerus
 D. Dorsal Muscles of the Head and Trunk

Muscle Part Origin Insertion Action

Mid-dorsal line of Posterior region of Raises the lower jaw
Temporalis
the skull the mandible and closes the mouth
Through the tough
Depressor
fascia in the mid- Mandible Depressor of the jaw
mandibulae
dorsal line
Dorsal surface of the
Lateral side of the
Dorsalis scapulae suprascapular and Abductor of the arm
humerus
scapula
Portion of the Draws forelimbs
Cucullaris Mid-dorsal line
pectoral girdle upward
Lateral side of the Draws forelimbs
Latissimus dorsi Lumbo-dorsal fascia proximal end of the upward and
humerus backward
Posterior end of the
Longissimus dorsi Anterior third of the Extends the back and
skull and the dorsal
urostyle elevates the head
surface of vertebrae
Transverse process
Anterior part of the
Iliolumbaris of the trunk Bends the back
ilium
vertebrae
Transverse process Draws the back and
Lateral side of the
Coccygeo-sacralis of the sacral the urostyle nearer
half of the urostyle
vertebrae to each other
Helps extend the
Lateral side of the
back and fixes the
Coccygeo-iliacus posterior half of the Ilium
urostyle with respect
urostyle
to the pelvic girdle
 E. Dorsal Muscle of the Thigh and Shank

Muscle Part Origin Insertion Action

Draws the hind limb
Triceps Femoris From the crest of
Front of the tibia forward and extends
(Vastus Externus) the ilium
the leg
Triceps Femoris Draws the hind limb
Ventral side of
(Rectus Femoris or Front of the tibia forward and extends
the ilium
Tensor Fascia Lata) the leg
Draws the hind limb
Triceps Femoris
Acetabulum Front of the tibia forward and extends
(Vastus Internus)
the leg
Proximal end of the Rotates the femur
Gluteus Ilium
femur forward
Biceps femoris Posterior part of Proximal end of the
Flexor of the shank
(Iliofibularis) the ilium tibiofibula
Posterior part of Proximal end of the Flexes or extends the
Semimembranosus
the ischium tibiofibula shank
Pulls the urostyle to
Pyriformis Urostyle Femur one side and draws
the femur dorsally
Distal end of the
femur; anterior
Gastrocnemius Ankle of the foot Extensor of the foot
portion of the
knee
Distal end of the
Distal end of the tibiofibula and Extensor or flexor of
Peroneus
femur proximal end of the the foot
calcaneus
Distal end of the
Tibialis anticus Femur astragalus and Flexor of the foot
calcaneus