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Quizlet 1

This document provides a summary of 35 key nuclear and radiation terms, including: 1) The year Marie and Pierre Curie discovered radium (1898). 2) The year the Manhattan Project began developing the first atomic bombs (1941). 3) Instruments like Geiger counters, scintillation counters, and mass spectrometers that are used to measure and analyze different types of radiation and radioactive materials.

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Andre Perez
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59 views1 page

Quizlet 1

This document provides a summary of 35 key nuclear and radiation terms, including: 1) The year Marie and Pierre Curie discovered radium (1898). 2) The year the Manhattan Project began developing the first atomic bombs (1941). 3) Instruments like Geiger counters, scintillation counters, and mass spectrometers that are used to measure and analyze different types of radiation and radioactive materials.

Uploaded by

Andre Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nuclear Trivia

Study online at quizlet.com/_2vjeq5

1. 1898 Year that Marie and Pierre discovered radium 23. Isotope ratio Instrument for separation of molecules based
mass on mass-to-charge ratio
2. 1941 Year the Manhattan Project started
spectrometer
3. Absorbed The amount of energy deposited in a unit
24. Low-level Mildly radioactive material disposed of by
dose weight of biological tissue
waste incineration and burial
4. Annual limit The intake of a given radionuclide in a year
25. Masa defect This is the difference between the the nucleus
on intake that would result in a committed dose equal
and its constituent nucleons
(ALI) to the relevant dose limit
26. Phosphors These are substances that are excited by
5. April 26, 1986 Chernobyl Accident
radiation and give off light as a response
6. Atom Smallest particle that cannot be divided or
27. Photon Indivisible unit or quantum of EMR
broken up
28. Rad and gray Units of absorbed dose
7. August 1945 Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
29. Radioactive Series or decay steps before a nuclide forms
8. Background Naturally-occurring ionizing radiation arising
series
radiation from the earth's crust and the cosmos
30. Radioactivity Spontaneous disintegration of an unstable
9. Biodosimetry Analyzes how much radiation the person has
nucleus
absorbed by finding dicentric chromosomes
31. Radioisotope Unstable isotope of an element
10. Cesium 137 Used for blood irradiation and insect
sterilization 32. Scintillation Tiny flashes of light are released when this
counter instrument detects radiation
11. Cobalt 60 and Radioisotopes usually used for radiation
Cesium 137 sterilization 33. Sievert Measurement for amount of biological
damage
12. Committed Dose to a specific organ from an intake of
dose radioactive material during the 50-year 34. Supercritical Mass in excess of the critical mass
equivalent period following the intake mass
13. Critical mass Mass necessary to maintain a constant rate 35. Tracer Radioactive or stable isotope that can be
introduced into a biological system to follow
14. Dicentric Chromosomes formed due to radiation
through the course of a process
chromosomes exposure
15. Disintegration Natural change in nucleus through particle
emission that turns it into a different element
16. Dose Absorbed dose x quality factor
equivalent
17. Dosimeter Small instrument that measures the personal
dose of radiation
18. Electron Used to sterilize food and medical
beam equipment
19. Fission Daughter nuclei resulting from fission of
products heavy elements
20. Geiger Instrument used to detect radiation using an
counter inert gas-filled tube. Makes audible clicks.
21. Gray International system of units measure for
absorbed dose
22. Halogens What kind of gases are added to a Geiger
counter?

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