TITLE LINE 1 –THE LONGEST LINE OF THE TITLE

TITLE LINE 2MUST BE SHORTER THAN LINE 1

LINE 3IS SHORTEST, USE ONLY IF NEEDED

A MINI-PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE AWARD OF
THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

Submitted by

Ch. Sai Shwetha 16071A1007

Kiran Verma 160701A1021
Rafath 16071A1029

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
An Autonomous & ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A++’ Grade
Recognized as “Centre for Potential Excellence” by UGC
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTUH)
Programme accredited by NBA
Vignana Jyothi Nagar, PragathiNagar, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad 500 090, TS, India.

2019
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
An Autonomous & ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution, Accredited by NAAC with ‘A++’ Grade
Recognized as “Centre for Potential Excellence” by UGC
(Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTUH)
Programme accredited by NBA
Vignana Jyothi Nagar, PragathiNagar, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad 500 090, TS, India.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the mini-project titled “PLC based traffic control system(X
road) is being submitted, by Ch Sai Shwetha (16071A1007), Kiran Verma
(16071A1021), and <Name 3> (16071A1029),in partial fulfilment of the requirement for
the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering, to the Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering at the VNR
Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology is a record of bonafide work
carried out by them under my guidance and supervision. The results embodied in this thesis
have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any degree.

Mrs. R. Manjula Sri

Head of the Dept. External Examiner
Dept. of EIE, VNRVJIET
Hyderabad
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This is an acknowledgement of the intense drive and technical competence of many
individuals who contributed to the success of our project.

We express our sincere thanks to Mrs. R. Manjula Sri, Associate Professor & Head
of the Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, VNRVJIET, and to other
faculty members in the Department for guiding us through our education at the Institute and
for encouraging us all through. We particularly thank our mentors, <Names with appropriate
addressing and designations as may be applicable>, for helping us through our journey at
VNRVJIET. We also extend our gratitude to the Project Coordinator, Mr. V. Nageshwar,
Associate Professor with the Department of EIE, for his valuable guidance and for
streamlining the review process for our project work. Our thanks are also due to the other
members of the Review Panel and All other Faculty members.

We express our thanks to Dr.C.D.Naidu, Principal-VNRVJIET, for enabling us to

use the Institute facilities and resources for the successful completion of our project work.

Ch Sai Shwetha
Kiran Verma
STUDENT NAME 3

iii
 DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the mini-project work titled “<Title>”submitted, towards
partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics
and Instrumentation Engineering, to the Department of Electronics & Instrumentation
Engineering at the VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Hyderabad, is an authentic work and had not been submitted to any other University or
Institute for any award of degree or diploma.

STUDENT NAME 1 STUDENT NAME 2 STUDENT NAME 3

(ROLL No. 1) (ROLL No. 2) (ROLL No. 3)

iv
 ABSTRACT
Provide a short overview of the project, which is essentially a summarized
compilation of each of your chapters. Ideally, the abstract must not be more than one page in
length. Seek your guide’s advice in fitting the contents into one page, if necessary.

v
 Table of Contents, List of Tables, and List of Figures

Table of Contents, List of Tables and List of Figures must be filled/populated

manually. Please make sure to not disturb the alignment, position, size, or fonts in any of
these tables.
The Tables provided here are only for a reference and general guidance. Please note
that the ordering of contents and the numbering style for pages are important; the titles of
your chapters could be different. Do not change the following order of the contents: Abstract,
Literature Survey, Table of Contents, List of Tables, List of Figures, Chapters 1 through n,
References, Appendices A through Z.
Add more sub-sections (Level-1, 2, or 3 headings) in the Table of Contents following
the same format as shown.

Text Justification, Font Sizes and Styles

All text must use Times New Roman font only.

Table: Placement of Text
Text Font
Text Justification Font Style
(Number style) Size
Body Right & Left 12 Regular
Chapter Title Centre 14 Bold, Uppercase
(1)
Level-1 Heading Centre 12 Bold
(1.1)
Level-2 Heading Left 12 Bold
(1.1.1)
Level-3 Heading Left 12 Regular, Underline
(1.1.1.1)
Captions Centre 12 Regular
Page number Centre 12 Regular

Figures and Tables

All tables and figures must be aligned in the centre, and their captions must be aligned
in the centre too. Use “Caption” style for all figure/table captions. Place the caption above the
tables and below the figures. Numbering of the tables and figures must include the Chapter
number and following the x.y format, where x is the Chapter number and y is the serial
number for each particular table or figure. Please remember that the number series of tables
and number series of figures are different. (For example, Figure 3.1 is a Figure, and Table 3.1
is a Table.) Always refer to the figures and tables in the body text as “Table x.y” or “Figure
x.y”.

vi
 Styles

Use Styles (Click on the arrow at the bottom-right corner of “Styles” section in the
Ribbon above. Or press Alt+O,S to bring up the list of styles.) to ensure consistent
formatting. Styles such as Headings 1, 2, 3, and 4; Caption; Title; List Bullet are already
defined in this template. You can choose to define more as per your needs. The following
references may help further:
 http://shaunakelly.com/word/styles/stylesms.html
 https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Using-Styles-in-Word-9db4c0f4-2754-4294-
9758-c14a0abd8cfa (Videos too)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2862ZFSerso

Page Numbers

Page numbers appear correctly in this template. Please do not alter them manually.
Please note that the page numbers in the Table of Contents, List of Tables, List of Figures,
etc. are only random placeholders. Edit them according to your need.

vii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Details of Contents Page #

Abstract iii
Literature Survey iv
Table of Contents ix
List of Tables xi
List of Figures Xii

Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Objective 1
1.2Outline 2
1.3Motivation 3
1.4Scope of the Project 3
Chapter 2: Project Overview 5
2.1 Section 1 10
2.1.1 Sub-Section 1 13
2.1.2 Sub-Section 2 15
2.2 Section 2 19
2.2.1 Sub-Section 1 22
2.2.2 Sub-Section 2 25
2.2.3Sub-Section 3 28
Chapter 3: Methodology 29
3.1 Section 1 29
3.1.1 Sub-Section 1 31
3.1.2 Sub-Section 2 32
3.2 Section 2 33
3.2.1 Sub-Section 1 34
3.2.2 Sub-Section 2 35
3.2.3Sub-Section 3 36
3.3Section 3 36
3.3.1 Sub-Section 1 37
3.3.2 Sub-Section 2 37
3.4Section 4 38
Chapter 4: Results and Discussion 41
4.1 Section 1 41
4.1.1 Sub-Section 1 42
4.1.2 Sub-Section 2 44
4.2 Section 2 46
4.2.1 Sub-Section 1 46
4.2.2 Sub-Section 2 47
4.2.3Sub-Section 3 49
4.3Section 3 50
4.3.1 Sub-Section 1 51
4.3.2 Sub-Section 2 54
4.4Section 4 55
4.4.1 Sub-Section 1 56
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Future Scope 58
5.1 Conclusions 58

viii
 5.2 Future Scope 59
References 60
Appendix A: Simulation/ Programming 63
A.1 Program Code – Input Block 67
A.2 Program Code – Output Block 70

ix
 LIST OF TABLES
Details of Contents Page #

Table 2.1: Table Caption 1 1

Table 3.1: Table Caption 1 5
Table 3.2: Table Caption 2 10
Table 3.3: Table Caption 3 21
Table 4.1: Table Caption 1 31
Table 4.2: Table Caption 2 37
Table A.1: Appendix Table Caption 1 68

x
 LIST OF FIGURES
Details of Contents Page #

Figure 2.1: Figure Caption 1 1

Figure 2.2: Figure Caption 2 5
Figure 3.1: Figure Caption 1 10
Figure 3.2: Figure Caption 2 21
Figure 4.1: Figure Caption 1 31
Figure 4.2: Figure Caption 2
Figure A.1: Appendix Figure Caption 1
Figure A.2: Appendix Figure Caption 2

xi
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objective

This is a short paragraph of not more than five sentences, starting with a one-line
background of what it is about, and what is the ultimate achievable goal of the project.

1.2 Introduction

This section is where you introduce the background of the theme/domain of work in
one paragraph. It may be a good idea to include a very brief overview of the methodology as
a second paragraph. Do not write a lot of information here. Make sure that you write only
relevant introduction and not every random thing about the software, hardware, or application
that you are working on/with.

1.3 Motivation

Provide relevant, statistical information about the necessity of the project and how it
can impact the society, science and technology, lifestyle, and so on. One paragraph is
typically enough for each independent objective.Also include an overview of the problems
that are resolved/addressed by this proposed project/solution.

1.4 Scope for the Work

This section may be written as a paragraph of running-text or as a list of bullet points

or a combination of both. Clearly mention the scope of the current project work.
 It is important to mention what all background information/briefing you
provide, and what you do not.
 Particularly mention what aspects the project does not cover/include too.

1
 CHAPTER 2
TITLE OF THE CHAPTER
2.1Level-1 Heading

Some text.
2.1.1 Level-2 Heading

Some text.
2.1.1.1Level-3 Heading

Some text.

2.2Section 2 Heading

 Some text.

2
References:

1. M. Stella Mercy, “Performance Analysis of Epileptic Seizure Detection Using

DWT & ICA with Neural Networks”, International Journal Of Computational
Engineering Research (ijceronline.com) Vol. 2 Issue. 4,pg 1109-1113, August’2012.

2.

3.
…