CALIFORNIA LIFE-CYCLE BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS MODEL (CAL-B/C)

INTRODUCTION
by the model. Some projects (i.e., bypass and interchange) require the
This spreadsheet model provides a method for preparing a simple user to enter two sets of highway data, since two roads are involved. The
economic analysis of both highway and transit projects. Given certain model calculates benefits for first road before user enters information
input data for a project, the model calculates its life-cycle cost, life-cycle about second road. The user clicks a button and model clears Project
benefits, net present value, benefit/cost ratio, internal rate of return, and Information worksheet to receive information on the other road.
payback period. First-year benefits are also calculated.
In the process of economic analysis, some generally accepted
The model is arranged by worksheets and contains the following economic assumptions are necessary. These assumptions include:
information, data, and results: the real and nominal discount rates, unit user costs (e.g., value of time),
consumption rates (e.g., fuel consumption and vehicle emissions), and
Worksheets Contents accident rates. These assumptions are given in the Parameters
Instructions General model description and worksheet and should not be changed by the user.
assumptions
1) Project Information Project input data After reading the instructions in this worksheet, the user should
2) Model Inputs Highway speed, volume and accident proceed to the Project Information worksheet and input data for the
data estimated by model specific project in the green boxes (light gray when printed). Some of
3) Results Summary results of analysis these boxes already have statewide averages entered (in case the
Travel Time Calculation of travel time impacts and project is a transit project). The model provides other default values
induced demand in the red boxes (medium gray when printed). These values can be
Vehicle Operating Costs Calculation of highway vehicle operating changed by the user, if information specific to the project is available.
cost impacts The model calculates some values based on relationships or
Accident Costs Calculation of accident cost impacts assumptions, shown in the blue boxes (dark gray when printed).
Emissions Calculation of emission impacts These values can be changed by the user.
Final Calculations Calculation of net present value, internal
rate of return, and payback period INSTRUCTIONS
Parameters Economic assumptions, lookup tables,
and other model parameters PROJECT DATA (Box 1A)

The model is designed so that the user generally needs to enter data This section provides general information about the project
only in the green boxes on the Project Information worksheet. The and is used for both highway and transit projects.
model estimates detailed highway speed, volume, and accident data
for the user to review on the Model Inputs worksheet. Highway speeds Type of Project
are estimated from volumes using relationships shown in the most 1 Insert an "X" in the appropriate box for the highway or transit project.
recent Highway Capacity Manual. Accidents are estimated from For an interchange or bypass project, model reminds user
statewide averages and recent data for the facility. Inputs from a that information must be entered for both roads impacted by
regional planning model can be entered, if available. Summary results project. After entering information for the first road, the user
are shown in the Results worksheet. Remaining worksheets are clicks a button at end of worksheet to prepare model for
provided for user to see, but calculations are performed automatically information on the bypass or intersecting road.

Transportation Economics Page 1

Cal-B/C Instructions
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 CALIFORNIA LIFE-CYCLE BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS MODEL (CAL-B/C)

2 HOV Restriction: If highway facility has/will have HOV lanes, 10 Insert segment length for existing and new facility.
insert HOV restriction (e.g., HOV-2 is 2 people/vehicle). Must be Model assumes new is same as existing, if not entered.
entered for an HOV project. Enter for a non-HOV project, if facility
has HOV lanes. Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
3 Exclusive Right-of-Way: If bus project, indicate (with "Y" or "N") 11 Current: Insert current two-way ADT on facility.
whether buses have an exclusive right-of-way. 12 Forecast (Year 20): Insert projected ADT for 20 years after
construction completion for the facility with and without project.
Project Location Model assumes with is same as without, if not entered.
4 Insert a 1, 2, or 3 for the appropriate region of the State. This
information is used to calculate emissions costs. The model uses the current and forecasted ADT to estimate
annual traffic for 20 years after construction, assuming a
Length of Construction Period: linear trend. User can change base (Year 1) forecasts.
5 Insert number of years of construction before benefits begin. Must
be a whole number of years (round to next higher integer). Average Hourly HOV Traffic
13 Insert hourly HOV volumes on the facility with and without
Length of Peak Period project for a typical peak hour.
6 Insert number of peak period hours per typical day. The model provides
a default of 5 hours (statewide average from Statewide Travel Survey). Percent Trucks
Model estimates total % daily traffic occurring during peak period 14 Insert estimated % Truck ADT with and without project.
period by multiplying peak length by % traffic occurring during a typical Model provides a default value of 9% (statewide average).
peak hour (7.8% from Statewide Travel Survey). Model does not
distinguish between weekdays and weekends. For peak periods longer Truck Speed
than 8 hours, default % must be adjusted in Parameters. To model 15 If passing lane project, enter estimated speed (in MPH) for
a 24-hour HOV, figures must be adjusted so peak is 100% of ADT. slow vehicles. Value must be entered for passing lane projects.

HIGHWAY DESIGN AND TRAFFIC DATA (Box 1B) Average Vehicle Occupancy
16 Model provides default values (from Statewide Travel Survey).
Statewide default values provided for some inputs Adjust if project-specific data are available.
for transit projects.
HIGHWAY ACCIDENT DATA (Box 1C)
Highway Design
7 Insert number of general purpose (not HOV or bus) lanes in both Statewide default values provided for transit projects. The
directions for existing and new facility. model uses information provided to calculate accident rates
8 Insert number of HOV lanes in both directions for existing and for each accident type in the Model Inputs worksheet.
new facility. A value must be provided if an HOV restriction
is entered in the Project Data section. Actual 3-Year Accident Data for Facility
9 Insert free-flow speed for existing and new facility. 17 Insert total number of fatal, injury, and property damage only
Model assumes new is same as existing, if not entered. accidents on the segment over the 3 most recent years.

Transportation Economics Page 2

Cal-B/C Instructions
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 CALIFORNIA LIFE-CYCLE BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS MODEL (CAL-B/C)

Statewide Average for Highway Classification: Reduction in Transit Accidents

18 Insert statewide average accident rates per million vehicle-miles 27 If safety project, insert estimated % accident reduction due to proj
for road classifications similar to existing and proposed facilities.
Include Base Rate and ADT Factor where applicable. Average Transit Travel Time
19 Insert statewide % of accidents that are fatal and injury accidents 28 Insert average transit travel time (include transfers) in minutes
for road classifications similar to existing and proposed facilities. during peak and non-peak periods for the existing and new
facility. Model assumes new is same as existing, if not entered.
The model uses adjustment factors (the ratio of actual rates to
statewide rates for existing facility) to estimate accident rate, PROJECT COSTS (Box 1E)
by accident type, for new road classification. Results are pre-
sented in Model Inputs worksheet and can be changed by user. Net project costs should be entered in the years they are expecte
to occur. Costs should be entered for construction period and
TRANSIT DATA (Box 1D) for twenty years after construction completion. Construction
Year 0 is the first year that costs are incurred.
This section is used only for transit projects.
29 Insert project's initial costs in constant (Year 2000) dollars for
Annual Person-Trips project development, right-of-way, and construction. The number
20 Base (Year 1): Insert estimated annual transit person-trips for first of construction years with costs should equal the length of the
year after construction completion with and without project. construction period (Box 1A, Input 5).
21 Forecast (Year 20): Insert forecasted annual transit person-trips 30 Insert estimated future incremental maintenance/operating and
for 20 years after construction completion with and without project. rehabilitation costs in constant (Year 2000) dollars. These figures
should be entered in the years after the project opens.
Percent Trips during Peak Period 31 Insert estimated mitigation costs (e.g., wetlands, community,
22 Insert percent of annual person-trips that occur during peak period. soundwalls) in constant (Year 2000) dollars during construction
and for 20 years after construction completion.
Percent New Trips from Parallel Highway 32 Insert any other costs not already included.
23 Insert % new annual person-trips from parallel highway with and
without project. NEXT STEPS
33 For a highway project, users can review detailed speed, volume,
Annual Vehicle-Miles and accident data in the Model Inputs worksheet. These values ca
24 Base (Year 1): Insert estimated annual vehicle-miles for first be replaced by inputs from a regional planning model, if available.
year after construction completion with and without project. 34 For bypass and interchange projects, click button on Project Data
25 Forecast (Year 20): Insert forecasted annual vehicle-miles worksheet and enter data for second road in Box 1B (Inputs 7-16)
for 20 years after construction completion with and without project. 35 Summary results are immediately available in the Results workshe

Average Vehicles per Train For questions and comments, please contact:
26 If rail project, insert the average number of vehicles per train. Kazem Attaran (916) 653-0709
Mahmoud Mahdavi (916) 653-9525

Transportation Economics Page 3

Cal-B/C Instructions
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
E-CYCLE BENEFIT/COST ANALYSIS MODEL (CAL-B/C)

If safety project, insert estimated % accident reduction due to project.

Insert average transit travel time (include transfers) in minutes

during peak and non-peak periods for the existing and new
facility. Model assumes new is same as existing, if not entered.

Net project costs should be entered in the years they are expected
to occur. Costs should be entered for construction period and
for twenty years after construction completion. Construction
Year 0 is the first year that costs are incurred.

Insert project's initial costs in constant (Year 2000) dollars for

project development, right-of-way, and construction. The number
of construction years with costs should equal the length of the
construction period (Box 1A, Input 5).
Insert estimated future incremental maintenance/operating and
rehabilitation costs in constant (Year 2000) dollars. These figures
should be entered in the years after the project opens.
Insert estimated mitigation costs (e.g., wetlands, community,
soundwalls) in constant (Year 2000) dollars during construction
and for 20 years after construction completion.
Insert any other costs not already included.

For a highway project, users can review detailed speed, volume,

and accident data in the Model Inputs worksheet. These values can
be replaced by inputs from a regional planning model, if available.
For bypass and interchange projects, click button on Project Data
worksheet and enter data for second road in Box 1B (Inputs 7-16).
Summary results are immediately available in the Results worksheet.

For questions and comments, please contact:

[email protected]
[email protected]

Transportation Economics Page 4

Cal-B/C Instructions
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 District: HQ
EA:
PROJECT: Hypothetical Project PPNO:

1A PROJECT DATA 1C HIGHWAY ACCIDENT DATA

Type of Project Enter "X" Actual 3-Year Accident Data for Facility
Highway HOV Lane HOV Restrict Count (No.) Rate
Passing Lane Fatal Accidents 3 0.00
Remember to run Interchange x (Enter 2 or 3) Injury Accidents 10 0.00
model for both roads Bypass x Property Damage Only (PDO) Accidents 35 0.02
Other/General
Statewide Average for Highway Classification
Transit Passenger Rail Exclusive Existing New
Light-Rail (LRT) Right-of-Way Accident Rate (per million vehicle-miles) 0.60 0.50
Bus 50 Percent Fatal Accidents 2% 1%
Percent Injury Accidents 25% 20%
Project Location (enter 1 for So. Cal., 2 for No. Cal., or 3 for rural) 3

Length of Construction Period 1 years

1D TRANSIT DATA
Existing
Length of Peak Period(s) (up to 8 hrs) 5 hours Annual Person-Trips
w/o Project w/ Project
Base (Year 1) 82,916 90,000
Forecast (Year 20) 213,166 220,000
1B HIGHWAY DESIGN AND TRAFFIC DATA Percent Trips during Peak Period 50%
Percent New Trips from Parallel Highway 100%
Highway Design Existing New
Number of General Traffic Lanes 2 4 Annual Vehicle-Miles
Number of HOV Lanes 0 0 w/o Project w/ Project
Free-Flow Speed 60 80 Base (Year 1) 80,000 90,000
Forecast (Year 20) 200,000 200,000
Length (in miles) Average Vehicles/Train (if rail project)
Highway Segment 25.0 25.0
Affected Area 25.0 Reduction in Transit Accidents
Percent Reduction (for safety projects) 3%
Average Daily Traffic
Current 82,916
w/o Project w/ Project Average Transit Travel Time
Base (Year 1) 89,429 89,429 Including transfers (in minutes) Existing New
Forecast (Year 20) 213,166 213,166 Non-Peak 50 50
Average Hourly HOV Traffic (if HOV project) 0 Peak 50 50
Percent Trucks (include RVs, if applicable) 5% 5%
Truck Speed (if passing lane project)
Model should be run for both roads for intersection or bypass highway projects.
Average Vehicle Occupancy Existing New Press button below to prepare model to enter data for second road. After
General Traffic Non-Peak 1.00 1.00 second set of data is entered, results reflect total project benefits.
Peak 1.30 1.30
High Occupancy Vehicle (if HOV project) 1.50 1.50
Prepare Model for Second
Road

Transportation Economics Cal-B/C - 1) Project Information Page 5

Caltrans TPP 445271017.xls 11/04/2019
 2E+11 Enter all project costs (in today's dollars) in columns 1 to 7. Costs during construction should be entered in the first eight rows.
20000000 Project costs (including maintenance and operating costs) should be net of costs without project.
10000000
pembebasan lahan

1E PROJECT COSTS
Col. no. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
DIRECT PROJECT COSTS
INITIAL COSTS SUBSEQUENT COSTS TOTAL COSTS
Year Project Maint./ Other Constant Present
Support R/W Construction Op. Rehab. Mitigation Costs Dollars Value
Construction Begins
0 $2,000,000 $38,250,000 $148,000,000 $188,250,000 $188,250,000
1 $1,000,000 148,000,000 Adjust Construction Period 149,000,000 129,565,217
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 0
5 0 0
6 0 0
7 0 0
Project Opens
1 10,000,000 $10,000,000 $8,695,652
2 10,000,000 10,000,000 7,561,437
3 10,000,000 10,000,000 6,575,162
4 10,000,000 10,000,000 5,717,532
5 10,000,000 10,000,000 4,971,767
6 10,000,000 10,000,000 4,323,276
7 10,000,000 10,000,000 3,759,370
8 10,000,000 10,000,000 3,269,018
9 10,000,000 10,000,000 2,842,624
10 10,000,000 10,000,000 2,471,847
11 10,000,000 10,000,000 2,149,432
12 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,869,072
13 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,625,280
14 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,413,287
15 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,228,945
16 10,000,000 10,000,000 1,068,648
17 10,000,000 10,000,000 929,259
18 10,000,000 10,000,000 808,051
19 10,000,000 10,000,000 702,653
20 10,000,000 10,000,000 611,003
Total $3,000,000 $38,250,000 $296,000,000 $200,000,000 $0 $0 $0 $537,250,000 $380,408,532

Present Value = Future Value (in Constant Dollars)

175000 ( 1 + Real Discount Rate) ^ Year
2,625,000

Transportation Economics Cal-B/C - 1) Project Information Page 6

Caltrans TPP 445271017.xls 11/04/2019
 2A HIGHWAY SPEED AND VOLUME INPUTS

Calculated by Changed Used for Proj.

Model by User Eval. Reason for Change
Without Project
Year 1
Peak Period
HOV Volume 0 0
Non-HOV Volume 42,479 42,479
Truck Volume 2,236 2,236
HOV Speed 55.0 55.0
Non-HOV Speed 52.6 52.6
Truck Speed 52.6 52.6

Non-Peak Period
Non-HOV Volume 42,479 42,479
Truck Volume 2,236 2,236
Non-HOV Speed 60.0 60.0
Truck Speed 60.0 60.0

Year 20
Peak Period
HOV Volume 0 0
Non-HOV Volume 101,254 101,254
Truck Volume 5,329 5,329
HOV Speed 55.0 55.0
Non-HOV Speed 52.2 52.2
Truck Speed 52.2 52.2

Non-Peak Period
Non-HOV Volume 101,254 101,254
Truck Volume 5,329 5,329
Non-HOV Speed 59.9 59.9
Truck Speed 59.9 59.9

With Project
Year 1
Peak Period
HOV Volume 0 0
Non-HOV Volume 42,479 42,479
Truck Volume 2,236 2,236
HOV Speed 55.0 55.0
Non-HOV Speed 80.0 80.0
Truck Speed 80.0 80.0

Non-Peak Period
Non-HOV Volume 42,479 42,479
Truck Volume 2,236 2,236
Non-HOV Speed 80.0 80.0
Truck Speed 80.0 80.0

Year 20
Peak Period
HOV Volume 0 0
Non-HOV Volume 101,254 101,254
Truck Volume 5,329 5,329
HOV Speed 55.0 55.0
Non-HOV Speed 69.6 69.6
Truck Speed 69.6 69.6

Non-Peak Period
Non-HOV Volume 101,254 101,254
Truck Volume 5,329 5,329
Non-HOV Speed 80.0 80.0
Truck Speed 80.0 80.0

Transportation Economics Cal-B/C - 2) Model Inputs Page 7

Caltrans TPP 445271017.xls 11/04/2019
 2B HIGHWAY ACCIDENT RATES

Calculated by Changed Used for Proj.

Model by User Eval. Reason for Change
Existing Facility
Fatal Accidents 0.00 0.00
Injury Accidents 0.00 0.00
PDO Accidents 0.02 0.02
All Accident Types 0.02

Adjustment Factor (Actual/Statewide Avg. Existing)

Fatal Accidents 0.11 0.11
Injury Accidents 0.03 0.03
PDO Accidents 0.04 0.04

New Facility
Fatal Accidents 0.00 0.00
Injury Accidents 0.00 0.00
PDO Accidents 0.01 0.01
All Accident Types 0.02

Transportation Economics Cal-B/C - 2) Model Inputs Page 8

Caltrans TPP 445271017.xls 11/04/2019
 District: HQ
EA:
PROJECT: Hypothetical Project PPNO:

3 INVESTMENT ANALYSIS
SUMMARY RESULTS

Life-Cycle Costs (mil. $) $380.4 ITEMIZED BENEFITS (mil. $) 1st Year 20 Years
Life-Cycle Benefits (mil. $) $193.3 Travel Time Savings $40.0 $377.7
Net Present Value (mil. $) -$187.1 Veh. Op. Cost Savings -$19.8 -$202.3
Benefit / Cost Ratio: 0.5 Accident Reductions $1.8 $17.9
Rate of Return on Investment: 9.9% Emission Reductions $0.0 $0.0
Payback Period: 15 years TOTAL BENEFITS $22.0 $193.3

Should results include:

1) Induced Travel? (y/n) Y
Default = Y
2) Vehicle Emissions? (y/n) N
Default = N

Transportation Economics Cal-B/C - 3) Results Page 9

Caltrans TPP 445271017.xls 11/04/2019
 C SUMMARY OF TRAVEL TIME BENEFITS

HIGHWAY TRANSIT Present

Value of
Year Peak Peak Peak Non-Peak Non-Peak Peak Non-Peak Travel Time Constant
HOV Non-HOV Truck Non-HOV Truck Period Period Benefits Dollars
1 $0 $23,267,340 $3,201,798 $11,452,949 $2,048,839 $0 $0 $39,970,926 $45,966,565
20 $0 $2,866,318 $394,432 $1,931,038 $345,447 $0 $0 $5,537,235 $90,625,364

2 $0 $21,444,178 $2,950,915 $10,688,091 $1,912,013 $0 $0 $36,995,196 $48,926,146

3 $0 $19,666,197 $2,706,248 $9,928,353 $1,776,102 $0 $0 $34,076,900 $51,826,705
4 $0 $17,956,458 $2,470,972 $9,185,354 $1,643,185 $0 $0 $31,255,969 $54,666,885
5 $0 $16,330,807 $2,247,268 $8,467,602 $1,514,785 $0 $0 $28,560,463 $57,445,292
6 $0 $14,799,419 $2,036,535 $7,781,110 $1,391,977 $0 $0 $26,009,041 $60,160,492
7 $0 $13,368,045 $1,839,565 $7,129,895 $1,275,480 $0 $0 $23,612,984 $62,811,008
8 $0 $12,039,035 $1,656,681 $6,516,400 $1,165,731 $0 $0 $21,377,847 $65,395,323
9 $0 $10,812,158 $1,487,852 $5,941,837 $1,062,946 $0 $0 $19,304,793 $67,911,875
10 $0 $9,685,267 $1,332,781 $5,406,462 $967,172 $0 $0 $17,391,682 $70,359,055
11 $0 $8,654,827 $1,190,983 $4,909,806 $878,324 $0 $0 $15,633,940 $72,735,208
12 $0 $7,716,339 $1,061,839 $4,450,857 $796,222 $0 $0 $14,025,256 $75,038,630
13 $0 $6,864,672 $944,642 $4,028,212 $720,614 $0 $0 $12,558,139 $77,267,565
14 $0 $6,094,322 $838,634 $3,640,194 $651,201 $0 $0 $11,224,351 $79,420,204
15 $0 $5,399,613 $743,036 $3,284,948 $587,651 $0 $0 $10,015,247 $81,494,685
16 $0 $4,774,850 $657,063 $2,960,516 $529,612 $0 $0 $8,922,042 $83,489,086
17 $0 $4,214,437 $579,945 $2,664,894 $476,728 $0 $0 $7,936,003 $85,401,427
18 $0 $3,712,952 $510,936 $2,396,077 $428,639 $0 $0 $7,048,604 $87,229,669
19 $0 $3,265,214 $449,323 $2,152,096 $384,992 $0 $0 $6,251,625 $88,971,705

Total $0 $212,932,446 $29,301,448 $114,916,690 $20,557,661 $0 $0 $377,708,245 $1,407,142,888

Transportation Economics Page 10

Cal-B/C Travel Time
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 C SUMMARY OF VEHICLE OPERATING COST BENEFITS

HIGHWAY TRANSIT Present

Value of
Year Peak Peak Peak Non-Peak Non-Peak Peak Non-Peak Veh Op Cost Constant
HOV Non-HOV Truck Non-HOV Truck Period Period Benefits Dollars
1 $0 ($7,016,333) ($4,574,146) ($5,417,870) ($2,762,527) - - ($19,770,876) ($22,736,508)
20 $0 ($1,069,605) ($717,270) ($952,476) ($502,523) - - ($3,241,874) ($53,058,258)

2 $0 ($6,545,467) ($4,267,175) ($5,305,198) ($2,799,001) - - ($18,916,842) ($25,017,524)

3 $0 ($6,078,066) ($3,962,463) ($4,926,362) ($2,599,129) - - ($17,566,020) ($26,715,720)
4 $0 ($5,621,235) ($3,664,642) ($4,556,094) ($2,403,777) - - ($16,245,749) ($28,413,916)
5 $0 ($5,180,170) ($3,377,100) ($4,198,605) ($2,215,167) - - ($14,971,042) ($30,112,112)
6 $0 ($4,758,530) ($3,102,221) ($3,856,859) ($2,034,864) - - ($13,752,474) ($31,810,308)
7 $0 ($4,358,752) ($2,841,594) ($3,532,833) ($1,863,909) - - ($12,597,088) ($33,508,504)
8 $0 ($3,982,306) ($2,596,178) ($3,227,718) ($1,702,931) - - ($11,509,133) ($35,206,700)
9 $0 ($3,629,907) ($2,366,439) ($2,942,093) ($1,552,237) - - ($10,490,675) ($36,904,896)
10 $0 ($3,301,686) ($2,152,462) ($2,676,065) ($1,411,881) - - ($9,542,094) ($38,603,092)
11 $0 ($2,997,331) ($1,954,045) ($2,429,381) ($1,281,732) - - ($8,662,489) ($40,301,288)
12 $0 ($2,716,201) ($1,770,768) ($2,201,521) ($1,161,514) - - ($7,850,004) ($41,999,484)
13 $0 ($2,457,415) ($1,602,058) ($1,991,771) ($1,050,850) - - ($7,102,095) ($43,697,680)
14 $0 ($2,219,927) ($1,447,233) ($1,799,284) ($949,295) - - ($6,415,738) ($45,395,876)
15 $0 ($2,002,584) ($1,305,541) ($1,623,124) ($856,354) - - ($5,787,602) ($47,094,072)
16 $0 ($1,804,171) ($1,176,190) ($1,462,307) ($771,507) - - ($5,214,175) ($48,792,269)
17 $0 ($1,623,447) ($1,058,371) ($1,315,828) ($694,225) - - ($4,691,871) ($50,490,465)
18 $0 ($1,459,174) ($951,277) ($1,182,682) ($623,978) - - ($4,217,111) ($52,188,661)
19 $0 ($1,310,135) ($854,114) ($1,061,883) ($560,245) - - ($3,786,377) ($53,886,857)

Total $0 ($70,132,441) ($45,741,287) ($56,659,954) ($29,797,647) - - ($202,331,328) ($785,934,192)

Transportation Economics Page 11

Cal-B/C Vehicle Operating Costs
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 C SUMMARY OF ACCIDENT REDUCTION BENEFITS

HIGHWAY TRANSIT Present

Value of
Year Peak Peak Peak Non-Peak Non-Peak All Accident Constant
HOV Non-HOV Truck Non-HOV Truck Periods Benefits Dollars
1 $0 $850,689 $44,773 $850,689 $44,773 $0 $1,790,925 $2,059,563
20 $0 $142,480 $7,499 $142,480 $7,499 $0 $299,958 $4,909,272

2 $0 $793,599 $41,768 $793,599 $41,768 $0 $1,670,736 $2,209,548

3 $0 $736,930 $38,786 $736,930 $38,786 $0 $1,551,431 $2,359,533
4 $0 $681,542 $35,871 $681,542 $35,871 $0 $1,434,825 $2,509,517
5 $0 $628,065 $33,056 $628,065 $33,056 $0 $1,322,242 $2,659,502
6 $0 $576,944 $30,365 $576,944 $30,365 $0 $1,214,619 $2,809,487
7 $0 $528,473 $27,814 $528,473 $27,814 $0 $1,112,575 $2,959,471
8 $0 $482,831 $25,412 $482,831 $25,412 $0 $1,016,487 $3,109,456
9 $0 $440,105 $23,163 $440,105 $23,163 $0 $926,536 $3,259,441
10 $0 $400,310 $21,069 $400,310 $21,069 $0 $842,758 $3,409,425
11 $0 $363,409 $19,127 $363,409 $19,127 $0 $765,071 $3,559,410
12 $0 $329,323 $17,333 $329,323 $17,333 $0 $693,312 $3,709,395
13 $0 $297,947 $15,681 $297,947 $15,681 $0 $627,257 $3,859,379
14 $0 $269,153 $14,166 $269,153 $14,166 $0 $566,638 $4,009,364
15 $0 $242,801 $12,779 $242,801 $12,779 $0 $511,161 $4,159,349
16 $0 $218,745 $11,513 $218,745 $11,513 $0 $460,516 $4,309,333
17 $0 $196,833 $10,360 $196,833 $10,360 $0 $414,386 $4,459,318
18 $0 $176,916 $9,311 $176,916 $9,311 $0 $372,455 $4,609,303
19 $0 $158,846 $8,360 $158,846 $8,360 $0 $334,413 $4,759,287

Total $0 $8,515,943 $448,208 $8,515,943 $448,208 $0 $17,928,300 $69,688,353

Transportation Economics Page 12

Cal-B/C Accident Costs
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 C SUMMARY OF EMISSION REDUCTION BENEFITS

HIGHWAY TRANSIT Present

Value of
Year Peak Peak Peak Non-Peak Non-Peak Peak Non-Peak Passenger Light Emission Constant
HOV Non-HOV Truck Non-HOV Truck Bus Bus Rail Rail Benefits* Dollars
1 $0 ($2,914,725) ($868,781) ($1,414,904) ($435,746) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
20 $0 ($155,062) ($98,580) ($83,448) ($56,621) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

2 $0 ($2,719,118) ($810,477) ($1,510,185) ($463,486) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

3 $0 ($2,524,950) ($752,603) ($1,402,345) ($430,389) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
4 $0 ($2,335,173) ($696,037) ($1,296,944) ($398,041) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
5 $0 ($2,151,946) ($641,423) ($1,195,180) ($366,809) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
6 $0 ($1,976,789) ($589,214) ($1,097,899) ($336,952) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
7 $0 ($1,810,713) ($539,712) ($1,005,661) ($308,644) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
8 $0 ($1,654,329) ($493,100) ($918,806) ($281,988) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
9 $0 ($1,507,936) ($449,465) ($837,500) ($257,034) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
10 $0 ($1,371,586) ($408,824) ($761,772) ($233,793) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
11 $0 ($395,501) ($251,437) ($212,842) ($144,417) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
12 $0 ($358,406) ($227,854) ($192,879) ($130,871) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
13 $0 ($324,259) ($206,145) ($174,503) ($118,403) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
14 $0 ($292,922) ($186,223) ($157,638) ($106,960) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
15 $0 ($264,243) ($167,991) ($142,205) ($96,488) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
16 $0 ($238,062) ($151,346) ($128,115) ($86,928) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
17 $0 ($214,216) ($136,186) ($115,282) ($78,221) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
18 $0 ($192,540) ($122,406) ($103,617) ($70,306) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
19 $0 ($172,874) ($109,903) ($93,033) ($63,125) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

Total $0 ($23,575,350) ($7,907,707) ($12,844,758) ($4,465,219) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0

* Emissions Benefits Not Counted

Transportation Economics Page 13

Cal-B/C Emissions
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 A NET PRESENT VALUE CALCULATION

PRESENT VALUE OF USER BENEFITS PRESENT VALUE OF USER BENEFITS Present Present
(on bypass/intersecting road) Value Value
Travel Vehicle Vehicle Travel Vehicle Vehicle of Total of Total NET
Year Time Op. Cost Accident Emission Time Op. Cost Accident Emission User Project PRESENT
Savings Savings Reductions Reductions Savings Savings Reductions Reductions Benefits Costs VALUE
Construction Begins
0 $0 $188,250,000 ($188,250,000)
1 $0 $129,565,217 ($129,565,217)
2 $0 $0 $0
3 $0 $0 $0
4 $0 $0 $0
5 $0 $0 $0
6 $0 $0 $0
7 $0 $0 $0
Project Opens
1 $39,970,926 ($19,770,876) $1,790,925 $0 $21,990,975 $8,695,652 $13,295,323
2 $36,995,196 ($18,916,842) $1,670,736 $0 $19,749,089 $7,561,437 $12,187,652
3 $34,076,900 ($17,566,020) $1,551,431 $0 $18,062,311 $6,575,162 $11,487,149
4 $31,255,969 ($16,245,749) $1,434,825 $0 $16,445,045 $5,717,532 $10,727,512
5 $28,560,463 ($14,971,042) $1,322,242 $0 $14,911,664 $4,971,767 $9,939,896
6 $26,009,041 ($13,752,474) $1,214,619 $0 $13,471,185 $4,323,276 $9,147,909
7 $23,612,984 ($12,597,088) $1,112,575 $0 $12,128,471 $3,759,370 $8,369,101
8 $21,377,847 ($11,509,133) $1,016,487 $0 $10,885,201 $3,269,018 $7,616,183
9 $19,304,793 ($10,490,675) $926,536 $0 $9,740,655 $2,842,624 $6,898,031
10 $17,391,682 ($9,542,094) $842,758 $0 $8,692,346 $2,471,847 $6,220,499
11 $15,633,940 ($8,662,489) $765,071 $0 $7,736,522 $2,149,432 $5,587,090
12 $14,025,256 ($7,850,004) $693,312 $0 $6,868,565 $1,869,072 $4,999,493
13 $12,558,139 ($7,102,095) $627,257 $0 $6,083,302 $1,625,280 $4,458,022
14 $11,224,351 ($6,415,738) $566,638 $0 $5,375,251 $1,413,287 $3,961,964
15 $10,015,247 ($5,787,602) $511,161 $0 $4,738,807 $1,228,945 $3,509,862
16 $8,922,042 ($5,214,175) $460,516 $0 $4,168,383 $1,068,648 $3,099,736
17 $7,936,003 ($4,691,871) $414,386 $0 $3,658,518 $929,259 $2,729,259
18 $7,048,604 ($4,217,111) $372,455 $0 $3,203,948 $808,051 $2,395,897
19 $6,251,625 ($3,786,377) $334,413 $0 $2,799,661 $702,653 $2,097,008
20 $5,537,235 ($3,241,874) $299,958 $0 $2,595,319 $611,003 $1,984,316

Total $377,708,245 ($202,331,328) $17,928,300 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $193,305,217 $380,408,532 ($187,103,315)

Transportation Economics Page 14

Cal-B/C Final Calculations
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 B INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN ON INVESTMENT

USER BENEFITS IN CONSTANT DOLLARS USER BENEFITS IN CONSTANT DOLLARS Total

(on bypass/intersecting road) Project ANNUAL CUMULATIVE
Travel Vehicle Vehicle Travel Vehicle Vehicle Total Costs in RETURNS RETURNS
Year Time Op. Cost Accident Emission Time Op. Cost Accident Emission User Constant ON AFTER
Savings Savings Reductions Reductions Savings Savings Reductions Reductions Benefits Dollars INVESTMENT PROJ OPENS
Construction Begins
0 $0 $188,250,000 ($188,250,000)
1 $0 $149,000,000 ($149,000,000)
2 $0 $0 $0
3 $0 $0 $0
4 $0 $0 $0
5 $0 $0 $0
6 $0 $0 $0
7 $0 $0 $0
Project Opens
1 $45,966,565 ($22,736,508) $2,059,563 $0 $25,289,621 $10,000,000 $15,289,621 $15,289,621
2 $48,926,146 ($25,017,524) $2,209,548 $0 $26,118,170 $10,000,000 $16,118,170 $31,407,791
3 $51,826,705 ($26,715,720) $2,359,533 $0 $27,470,517 $10,000,000 $17,470,517 $48,878,308
4 $54,666,885 ($28,413,916) $2,509,517 $0 $28,762,486 $10,000,000 $18,762,486 $67,640,794
5 $57,445,292 ($30,112,112) $2,659,502 $0 $29,992,682 $10,000,000 $19,992,682 $87,633,476
6 $60,160,492 ($31,810,308) $2,809,487 $0 $31,159,670 $10,000,000 $21,159,670 $108,793,146
7 $62,811,008 ($33,508,504) $2,959,471 $0 $32,261,975 $10,000,000 $22,261,975 $131,055,121
8 $65,395,323 ($35,206,700) $3,109,456 $0 $33,298,079 $10,000,000 $23,298,079 $154,353,200
9 $67,911,875 ($36,904,896) $3,259,441 $0 $34,266,419 $10,000,000 $24,266,419 $178,619,619
10 $70,359,055 ($38,603,092) $3,409,425 $0 $35,165,388 $10,000,000 $25,165,388 $203,785,006
11 $72,735,208 ($40,301,288) $3,559,410 $0 $35,993,330 $10,000,000 $25,993,330 $229,778,336
12 $75,038,630 ($41,999,484) $3,709,395 $0 $36,748,540 $10,000,000 $26,748,540 $256,526,876
13 $77,267,565 ($43,697,680) $3,859,379 $0 $37,429,264 $10,000,000 $27,429,264 $283,956,140
14 $79,420,204 ($45,395,876) $4,009,364 $0 $38,033,692 $10,000,000 $28,033,692 $311,989,832
15 $81,494,685 ($47,094,072) $4,159,349 $0 $38,559,961 $10,000,000 $28,559,961 $340,549,793
16 $83,489,086 ($48,792,269) $4,309,333 $0 $39,006,151 $10,000,000 $29,006,151 $369,555,944
17 $85,401,427 ($50,490,465) $4,459,318 $0 $39,370,281 $10,000,000 $29,370,281 $398,926,225
18 $87,229,669 ($52,188,661) $4,609,303 $0 $39,650,311 $10,000,000 $29,650,311 $428,576,536
19 $88,971,705 ($53,886,857) $4,759,287 $0 $39,844,136 $10,000,000 $29,844,136 $458,420,671
20 $90,625,364 ($53,058,258) $4,909,272 $0 $42,476,378 $10,000,000 $32,476,378 $490,897,050

Total $1,407,142,888 ($785,934,192) $69,688,353 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $690,897,050 $537,250,000 $153,647,050

Total Construction Costs $337,250,000

Transportation Economics Page 15

Cal-B/C Final Calculations
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Years ANNUAL
After RETURNS
Construction ON
Begins INVESTMENT
0 ($188,250,000)
1 $15,289,621
2 $16,118,170
3 $17,470,517
4 $18,762,486
5 $19,992,682
6 $21,159,670
7 $22,261,975
8 $23,298,079
9 $24,266,419
10 $25,165,388
11 $25,993,330
12 $26,748,540
13 $27,429,264
14 $28,033,692
15 $28,559,961
16 $29,006,151
17 $29,370,281
18 $29,650,311
19 $29,844,136
20 $32,476,378
21 $0
22 $0
23 $0
24 $0
25 $0
26 $0
27 $0

Internal Rate
of Return 9.90%

Payback
Period 15 years

Transportation Economics Page 16

Cal-B/C Final Calculations
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Parameters

This page contains all economic values and rate tables.

To update economic values automatically, change "Economic Update Factor."

General Economic Parameters

Year of Current Dollars for Model 2010

Economic Update Factor (Using GDP Deflator) 1.00

Real Discount Rate 15.0%

Highway Operations Parameters

Value Units
Maximum V/C Ratio 1 - 1
Percent ADT in Average Peak Hour 10.0% % 2
Capacity per Lane (general) 4500 veh/hr
Capacity per HOV Lane 1500 veh/hr

Travel Time Parameters

Average Hourly Wage

Transportation and Utilities $ 19.52 $/hr 3
Statewide $ 16.31 $/hr 3

Value of Time
Automobile $ 8.16 $/hr
Truck $ 27.72 $/hr
Transit $ 8.16 $/hr

Operating Cost Parameters

Fuel Cost Per Gallon $ 1.14 $/gal 4, 5

Non-Fuel Cost Per Mile

Automobile $ 0.165 $/mi 6
Truck $ 0.285 $/mi 7

Accident Cost Paramters

Cost of a Fatality $ 2,710,000 $/event 8

Cost of an Injury
Level A (Severe) $ 149,750 $/event 8
Level B (Moderate) $ 40,450 $/event 8
Level C (Minor) $ 21,850 $/event 8

Cost of Highway Accident

Fatal Accident $ 3,104,738 $/accident
Injury Accident $ 81,572 $/accident
PDO Accident $ 6,850 $/accident 9

Statewide Highway Accident Rates

Fatal Accident 0.01 per million veh-mi 10
Injury Accident 0.34 per million veh-mi 10
PDO Accident 0.64 per million veh-mi 10

Sources: 1) Highway Capacity Manual, 2) Statewide Travel Survey, 3) Bureau of Labor Statistics
4) California Motor Vehicle Stock, Travel and Fuel Forecast (MVSTAF)
5) WEFA, 6) Jack Faucett Associates, 7) Paccar, Inc.
8) National Safety Council, 9) Urban Institute, 10) TASAS

Transportation Economics Page 17

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Operating Cost Tables Accident Tables

FUEL CONSUMPTION RATES COST OF TRANSIT ACCIDENT EVENTS

(gal/veh-mi) ($/event)

Speed Auto Truck Event Pass Train Light Rail Bus

5 0.182 0.310 Fatality $2,710,000 $2,710,000 $2,710,000
6 0.170 0.284 Injury $65,590 $65,590 $65,590
7 0.158 0.258 Prop Damage $61,950 $10,750 $10,525
8 0.147 0.232
9 0.135 0.207
10 0.123 0.181 Sources: National Safety Council, Federal Railroad Administration,
11 0.116 0.172 Journal of Safety Research, and California Public Utilities Commission
12 0.109 0.163
13 0.102 0.153
14 0.096 0.144
15 0.089 0.135
16 0.085 0.132 RATES FOR TRANSIT ACCIDENT EVENTS
17 0.080 0.128 (event/million veh-mi)
18 0.076 0.125
19 0.072 0.122 Event Pass Train Light Rail Bus
20 0.068 0.118 Fatality 0.24 0.23 0.05
21 0.065 0.119 Injury 0.94 12.80 12.20
22 0.062 0.119 All Accidents 1.09 11.13 14.73
23 0.059 0.119
24 0.057 0.120
25 0.054 0.120 Source: USDOT, average of 1994, 1995, 1996 data
26 0.052 0.123
27 0.050 0.125
28 0.048 0.128
29 0.046 0.131
30 0.044 0.133 TRANSIT ACCIDENT COSTS
31 0.043 0.138 ($/million veh-mi)
32 0.042 0.142
33 0.040 0.147 Value Pass Train Light Rail Bus
34 0.039 0.152 Cost $779,580 $1,582,504 $1,090,736
35 0.037 0.156
36 0.037 0.162
37 0.036 0.168 Source: Combination of above two tables
38 0.035 0.173
39 0.035 0.179
40 0.034 0.185
41 0.034 0.192
42 0.033 0.200 PASSING LANE ACCIDENT REDUCTION FACTORS
43 0.033 0.207 (rate with passing lane/rate without passing lane)
44 0.033 0.215
45 0.033 0.223 Minimum ADT Fatality Injury PDO
46 0.033 0.231 , 0 25.0% 69.4% 92.6%
47 0.033 0.239 5,000 19.2% 80.3% 96.5%
48 0.033 0.248 10,000 84.0% 57.7% 97.8%
49 0.033 0.256
50 0.033 0.264
51 0.033 0.274 Source: Taylor and Jain, 1991
52 0.033 0.285
53 0.033 0.295
54 0.034 0.305
55 0.034 0.316
56 0.035 0.327
57 0.035 0.339
58 0.036 0.351
59 0.037 0.363
60 0.037 0.374

Transportation Economics Page 18

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 61 0.039 0.387
62 0.040 0.400
63 0.041 0.413
64 0.042 0.426
65 0.043 0.439

Transportation Economics Page 19

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 66 0.045 0.453
67 0.047 0.468
68 0.048 0.482
69 0.050 0.496
70 0.052 0.511

Source: California Air Resources Board

Transportation Economics Page 20

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Emissions Tables

HIGHWAY EMISSIONS FACTORS (g/mi)

Model Year 2000

Mode Speed CO NOX PM10 SOX VOC

Auto 5 21.86 1.46 0.02 3.59
6 19.99 1.38 0.02 3.19
7 18.13 1.30 0.02 2.78
8 16.26 1.23 0.02 2.38
9 14.39 1.15 0.02 1.97
10 12.52 1.07 0.02 1.57
11 11.72 1.03 0.02 1.43
12 10.92 0.99 0.02 1.29
13 10.12 0.94 0.02 1.16
14 9.31 0.90 0.02 1.02
15 8.51 0.86 0.02 0.88
16 8.10 0.83 0.02 0.83
17 7.69 0.80 0.02 0.78
18 7.29 0.77 0.02 0.72
19 6.88 0.74 0.02 0.67
20 6.47 0.71 0.02 0.61
21 6.24 0.70 0.02 0.59
22 6.00 0.68 0.02 0.56
23 5.76 0.66 0.02 0.53
24 5.53 0.65 0.02 0.51
25 5.29 0.63 0.02 0.48
26 5.14 0.62 0.02 0.46
27 4.98 0.62 0.02 0.45
28 4.82 0.61 0.02 0.43
29 4.67 0.60 0.02 0.42
30 4.51 0.60 0.02 0.40
31 4.40 0.60 0.02 0.39
32 4.29 0.60 0.02 0.37
33 4.18 0.61 0.02 0.36
34 4.07 0.61 0.02 0.35
35 3.95 0.61 0.02 0.34
36 3.88 0.63 0.02 0.33
37 3.80 0.64 0.02 0.32
38 3.72 0.65 0.02 0.31
39 3.64 0.67 0.02 0.30
40 3.57 0.68 0.02 0.29
41 3.53 0.70 0.02 0.28
42 3.49 0.73 0.02 0.27
43 3.45 0.75 0.02 0.27
44 3.42 0.77 0.02 0.26
45 3.38 0.79 0.02 0.26
46 3.40 0.83 0.02 0.26
47 3.42 0.86 0.02 0.25
48 3.45 0.89 0.02 0.25
49 3.47 0.92 0.02 0.25
50 3.49 0.95 0.02 0.25
51 3.63 1.00 0.02 0.26
52 3.76 1.04 0.02 0.27
53 3.90 1.08 0.02 0.28
54 4.03 1.12 0.02 0.28
55 4.16 1.16 0.02 0.29
56 4.57 1.21 0.02 0.32
57 4.97 1.26 0.02 0.34
58 5.38 1.31 0.02 0.37
59 5.78 1.36 0.02 0.40
60 6.19 1.41 0.02 0.43

Transportation Economics Page 21

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 61 7.56 1.47 0.02 0.52
62 8.92 1.53 0.02 0.62
63 10.29 1.59 0.02 0.72
64 11.66 1.65 0.02 0.82
65 13.03 1.71 0.02 0.92

Transportation Economics Page 22

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Truck 5 60.86 12.37 0.45 6.14
6 56.90 12.05 0.45 5.70
7 52.94 11.73 0.45 5.27
8 48.98 11.41 0.45 4.83
9 45.02 11.09 0.45 4.40
10 41.06 10.77 0.45 3.97
11 38.68 10.56 0.45 3.73
12 36.30 10.34 0.45 3.50
13 33.92 10.13 0.45 3.26
14 31.54 9.92 0.45 3.03
15 29.16 9.70 0.45 2.80
16 27.68 9.57 0.45 2.65
17 26.21 9.43 0.45 2.51
18 24.74 9.30 0.45 2.37
19 23.27 9.16 0.45 2.23
20 21.80 9.03 0.45 2.09
21 20.87 8.95 0.45 1.99
22 19.94 8.88 0.45 1.90
23 19.01 8.80 0.45 1.81
24 18.08 8.72 0.45 1.72
25 17.15 8.65 0.45 1.63
26 16.57 8.62 0.45 1.57
27 15.98 8.59 0.45 1.51
28 15.39 8.56 0.45 1.45
29 14.80 8.53 0.45 1.38
30 14.21 8.50 0.45 1.32
31 13.84 8.51 0.45 1.27
32 13.48 8.53 0.45 1.22
33 13.12 8.54 0.45 1.17
34 12.75 8.55 0.45 1.12
35 12.39 8.56 0.45 1.07
36 12.18 8.61 0.45 1.05
37 11.98 8.67 0.45 1.02
38 11.78 8.72 0.45 0.99
39 11.57 8.77 0.45 0.96
40 11.37 8.82 0.45 0.94
41 11.29 8.92 0.45 0.92
42 11.21 9.02 0.45 0.90
43 11.14 9.11 0.45 0.88
44 11.06 9.21 0.45 0.87
45 10.98 9.31 0.45 0.85
46 11.02 9.45 0.45 0.84
47 11.06 9.60 0.45 0.82
48 11.10 9.75 0.45 0.81
49 11.14 9.90 0.45 0.80
50 11.17 10.05 0.45 0.79
51 11.33 10.27 0.45 0.78
52 11.49 10.48 0.45 0.77
53 11.65 10.69 0.45 0.76
54 11.81 10.91 0.45 0.75
55 11.97 11.12 0.45 0.75
56 12.28 11.43 0.45 0.75
57 12.59 11.74 0.45 0.74
58 12.89 12.04 0.45 0.74
59 13.20 12.35 0.45 0.74
60 13.51 12.65 0.45 0.74
61 14.03 13.09 0.45 0.74
62 14.54 13.53 0.45 0.74
63 15.05 13.96 0.45 0.74
64 15.56 14.40 0.45 0.75
65 16.08 14.84 0.45 0.75

Transportation Economics Page 23

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Bus 5 7.89 32.75 0.46 4.82
6 7.30 31.21 0.44 4.55
7 6.72 29.67 0.42 4.29
8 6.13 28.13 0.39 4.02
9 5.55 26.59 0.37 3.76
10 4.96 25.05 0.35 3.49
11 4.63 24.07 0.33 3.32
12 4.30 23.09 0.32 3.14
13 3.98 22.10 0.30 2.97
14 3.65 21.12 0.29 2.79
15 3.32 20.14 0.27 2.62
16 3.13 19.52 0.26 2.50
17 2.93 18.90 0.25 2.39
18 2.74 18.27 0.24 2.27
19 2.54 17.65 0.23 2.16
20 2.35 17.03 0.22 2.04
21 2.23 16.65 0.21 1.96
22 2.12 16.27 0.20 1.88
23 2.00 15.89 0.20 1.81
24 1.89 15.51 0.19 1.73
25 1.77 15.13 0.18 1.65
26 1.70 14.93 0.18 1.59
27 1.63 14.73 0.17 1.54
28 1.56 14.54 0.17 1.48
29 1.49 14.34 0.16 1.43
30 1.42 14.14 0.16 1.37
31 1.38 14.09 0.16 1.33
32 1.34 14.04 0.15 1.30
33 1.29 13.98 0.15 1.26
34 1.25 13.93 0.14 1.23
35 1.21 13.88 0.14 1.19
36 1.19 13.97 0.14 1.16
37 1.16 14.06 0.14 1.14
38 1.14 14.16 0.13 1.11
39 1.11 14.25 0.13 1.09
40 1.09 14.34 0.13 1.06
41 1.08 14.58 0.13 1.04
42 1.07 14.83 0.13 1.03
43 1.06 15.07 0.13 1.01
44 1.05 15.32 0.13 1.00
45 1.04 15.56 0.13 0.98
46 1.04 16.00 0.13 0.97
47 1.05 16.44 0.13 0.96
48 1.05 16.88 0.12 0.96
49 1.06 17.32 0.12 0.95
50 1.06 17.76 0.12 0.94
51 1.08 18.47 0.12 0.94
52 1.09 19.18 0.12 0.94
53 1.11 19.88 0.12 0.94
54 1.12 20.59 0.12 0.94
55 1.14 21.30 0.12 0.94
56 1.17 22.41 0.12 0.95
57 1.21 23.52 0.12 0.95
58 1.24 24.64 0.12 0.96
59 1.28 25.75 0.12 0.96
60 1.31 26.86 0.12 0.97
61 1.37 28.61 0.12 0.98
62 1.43 30.36 0.12 0.99
63 1.48 32.12 0.13 1.01
64 1.54 33.87 0.13 1.02
65 1.60 35.62 0.13 1.03

Source: CA Air Resources Board EMFAC7

Transportation Economics Page 24

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 HIGHWAY EMISSIONS FACTORS (g/mi)
Model Year 2020

Mode Speed CO NOX PM10 SOX VOC

Auto 5 7.98 0.48 0.02 0.99
6 7.34 0.46 0.02 0.87
7 6.69 0.44 0.02 0.74
8 6.05 0.41 0.02 0.61
9 5.40 0.39 0.02 0.48
10 4.76 0.37 0.02 0.35
11 4.46 0.35 0.02 0.31
12 4.17 0.34 0.02 0.27
13 3.87 0.32 0.02 0.23
14 3.57 0.30 0.02 0.19
15 3.28 0.29 0.02 0.15
16 3.12 0.28 0.02 0.14
17 2.97 0.27 0.02 0.13
18 2.81 0.26 0.02 0.12
19 2.66 0.25 0.02 0.10
20 2.50 0.24 0.02 0.09
21 2.41 0.23 0.02 0.08
22 2.32 0.23 0.02 0.08
23 2.23 0.22 0.02 0.07
24 2.14 0.22 0.02 0.06
25 2.05 0.21 0.02 0.06
26 1.99 0.21 0.02 0.06
27 1.93 0.21 0.02 0.05
28 1.87 0.20 0.02 0.05
29 1.82 0.20 0.02 0.05
30 1.76 0.20 0.02 0.05
31 1.72 0.20 0.02 0.05
32 1.68 0.20 0.02 0.04
33 1.65 0.20 0.02 0.04
34 1.61 0.20 0.02 0.04
35 1.57 0.20 0.02 0.04
36 1.55 0.21 0.02 0.04
37 1.53 0.21 0.02 0.04
38 1.50 0.21 0.02 0.04
39 1.48 0.22 0.02 0.04
40 1.46 0.22 0.02 0.04
41 1.45 0.23 0.02 0.04
42 1.45 0.23 0.02 0.04
43 1.45 0.24 0.02 0.03
44 1.44 0.25 0.02 0.03
45 1.44 0.26 0.02 0.03
46 1.45 0.27 0.02 0.03
47 1.47 0.28 0.02 0.03
48 1.49 0.29 0.02 0.03
49 1.50 0.30 0.02 0.03
50 1.52 0.31 0.02 0.03
51 1.58 0.32 0.02 0.04
52 1.63 0.34 0.02 0.04
53 1.69 0.35 0.02 0.04
54 1.74 0.36 0.02 0.04
55 1.80 0.38 0.02 0.04
56 1.94 0.39 0.02 0.05
57 2.08 0.41 0.02 0.05
58 2.22 0.43 0.02 0.06
59 2.36 0.44 0.02 0.06
60 2.50 0.46 0.02 0.07

Transportation Economics Page 25

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 61 2.87 0.48 0.02 0.08
62 3.24 0.50 0.02 0.09
63 3.61 0.52 0.02 0.11
64 3.98 0.54 0.02 0.12
65 4.35 0.56 0.02 0.13

Transportation Economics Page 26

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Truck 5 45.43 8.03 0.29 2.05
6 42.50 7.80 0.29 1.93
7 39.57 7.57 0.29 1.80
8 36.64 7.34 0.29 1.67
9 33.71 7.11 0.29 1.55
10 30.78 6.88 0.29 1.42
11 29.01 6.73 0.29 1.35
12 27.24 6.58 0.29 1.27
13 25.47 6.42 0.29 1.20
14 23.70 6.27 0.29 1.12
15 21.93 6.12 0.29 1.05
16 20.83 6.02 0.29 1.00
17 19.73 5.92 0.29 0.95
18 18.62 5.82 0.29 0.91
19 17.52 5.72 0.29 0.86
20 16.42 5.62 0.29 0.81
21 15.73 5.56 0.29 0.78
22 15.03 5.50 0.29 0.75
23 14.33 5.44 0.29 0.72
24 13.63 5.38 0.29 0.69
25 12.94 5.32 0.29 0.66
26 12.49 5.30 0.29 0.63
27 12.05 5.27 0.29 0.61
28 11.60 5.24 0.29 0.59
29 11.16 5.22 0.29 0.57
30 10.72 5.19 0.29 0.55
31 10.44 5.19 0.29 0.53
32 10.16 5.20 0.29 0.51
33 9.88 5.20 0.29 0.50
34 9.60 5.20 0.29 0.48
35 9.33 5.21 0.29 0.46
36 9.17 5.24 0.29 0.45
37 9.01 5.27 0.29 0.44
38 8.85 5.30 0.29 0.43
39 8.70 5.33 0.29 0.42
40 8.54 5.36 0.29 0.41
41 8.47 5.42 0.29 0.40
42 8.41 5.48 0.29 0.40
43 8.34 5.55 0.29 0.39
44 8.28 5.61 0.29 0.38
45 8.21 5.67 0.29 0.37
46 8.24 5.77 0.29 0.37
47 8.26 5.86 0.29 0.36
48 8.28 5.96 0.29 0.36
49 8.30 6.06 0.29 0.35
50 8.32 6.15 0.29 0.35
51 8.43 6.30 0.29 0.34
52 8.54 6.44 0.29 0.34
53 8.64 6.58 0.29 0.33
54 8.75 6.73 0.29 0.33
55 8.86 6.87 0.29 0.33
56 9.07 7.08 0.29 0.33
57 9.29 7.28 0.29 0.33
58 9.50 7.49 0.29 0.32
59 9.72 7.70 0.29 0.32
60 9.93 7.91 0.29 0.32
61 10.29 8.20 0.29 0.32
62 10.65 8.50 0.29 0.32
63 11.01 8.80 0.29 0.32
64 11.37 9.09 0.29 0.32
65 11.73 9.39 0.29 0.32

Transportation Economics Page 27

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 Bus 5 7.62 26.34 0.16 4.79
6 7.06 25.10 0.15 4.53
7 6.49 23.86 0.14 4.27
8 5.93 22.62 0.14 4.00
9 5.36 21.38 0.13 3.74
10 4.80 20.14 0.12 3.48
11 4.48 19.35 0.12 3.31
12 4.16 18.56 0.11 3.13
13 3.85 17.78 0.11 2.96
14 3.53 16.99 0.10 2.78
15 3.21 16.20 0.10 2.61
16 3.02 15.70 0.10 2.49
17 2.84 15.20 0.10 2.38
18 2.65 14.69 0.09 2.26
19 2.47 14.19 0.09 2.15
20 2.28 13.69 0.09 2.03
21 2.17 13.39 0.09 1.95
22 2.05 13.08 0.09 1.87
23 1.94 12.78 0.08 1.80
24 1.82 12.47 0.08 1.72
25 1.71 12.17 0.08 1.64
26 1.64 12.01 0.08 1.59
27 1.57 11.85 0.08 1.53
28 1.51 11.69 0.07 1.48
29 1.44 11.53 0.07 1.42
30 1.37 11.37 0.07 1.37
31 1.33 11.33 0.07 1.33
32 1.29 11.29 0.07 1.29
33 1.25 11.25 0.07 1.26
34 1.21 11.21 0.07 1.22
35 1.17 11.17 0.07 1.18
36 1.15 11.24 0.07 1.16
37 1.12 11.31 0.07 1.13
38 1.10 11.39 0.07 1.11
39 1.07 11.46 0.07 1.08
40 1.05 11.53 0.07 1.06
41 1.04 11.73 0.07 1.04
42 1.03 11.93 0.07 1.03
43 1.03 12.12 0.06 1.01
44 1.02 12.32 0.06 1.00
45 1.01 12.52 0.06 0.98
46 1.01 12.87 0.06 0.97
47 1.01 13.22 0.06 0.96
48 1.02 13.58 0.06 0.96
49 1.02 13.93 0.06 0.95
50 1.02 14.28 0.06 0.94
51 1.04 14.85 0.06 0.94
52 1.06 15.42 0.06 0.94
53 1.07 15.99 0.06 0.93
54 1.09 16.56 0.06 0.93
55 1.11 17.13 0.06 0.93
56 1.14 18.03 0.06 0.94
57 1.17 18.92 0.06 0.94
58 1.21 19.82 0.06 0.95
59 1.24 20.71 0.06 0.95
60 1.27 21.61 0.06 0.96
61 1.33 23.02 0.06 0.97
62 1.38 24.42 0.06 0.99
63 1.44 25.83 0.06 1.00
64 1.49 27.23 0.06 1.02
65 1.55 28.64 0.06 1.03

Source: CA Air Resources Board EMFAC7

Transportation Economics Page 28

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019
 HEALTH COST OF TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS
($/ton)

Area Proj Loc CO NOX PM10 SOX VOC

LA/South Coast 1 $115 $46,615 $381,859 $143,469 $2,898
CA Urban Area 2 $60 $13,646 $110,258 $55,069 $954
CA Rural Area 3 $54 $10,144 $78,618 $39,732 $749

Source: McCubbin and Delucchi, 1996

PASSENGER TRAIN EMISSIONS FACTORS

(g/train-mile)

Mode Year CO NOX PM10 SOX VOC

Passenger Train 2002 45.67 583.58 62.02 19.73
2022 45.67 250.11 31.01 19.73

LIGHT RAIL EMISSIONS FACTORS

(g/veh-mile)

Mode Year CO NOX PM10 SOX VOC

Light Rail 2002 0.14 1.13 0.17 0.06
2022 0.14 1.14 0.17 0.06

Source: California Air Resources Board

Transportation Economics Page 29

Cal-B/C PARAMETERS
Caltrans TPP 11/04/2019