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High Strength Steels For Naval Applications

This document discusses the development of high strength steels for naval applications in India as part of the Make in India initiative. It describes the development of the DMR-249 steels, including DMR-249A (ABA) and DMR-249B, through collaboration between DRDO labs, the Indian Navy, and manufacturing firms to meet the requirements for the indigenous aircraft carrier program. Over 60,000 tons of plates and bulb bars have been produced to date using these domestically developed steels.

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Raju Nagendra
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388 views

High Strength Steels For Naval Applications

This document discusses the development of high strength steels for naval applications in India as part of the Make in India initiative. It describes the development of the DMR-249 steels, including DMR-249A (ABA) and DMR-249B, through collaboration between DRDO labs, the Indian Navy, and manufacturing firms to meet the requirements for the indigenous aircraft carrier program. Over 60,000 tons of plates and bulb bars have been produced to date using these domestically developed steels.

Uploaded by

Raju Nagendra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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High Strength Steels for Naval Applications:

An Example for Make in India

R. Balamuralikrishnan
Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory
[email protected]

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Minerals, Metals, Metallurgy & Materials (MMMM) 2016
August 12, 2016

Minerals & Metals, and their Contribution to Make in India


High Performance Steels for Strategic Sector
Materials development & evaluation cycle

Alloy Development
Alloy Production
UHS Steels
Aerospace, Armour, Missiles Vacuum / induction melting
HSLA Steels Ingot / continuous casting
Naval

Characterization/ Processing / Fabrication


Forging
Performance evaluation
Rolling / Ring rolling
Structural
Heat treatment
Mechanical Welding

Development time of the order of 7-10 years or more !!


Late 1990s

• A suitable steel was needed for the construction of


the Indigenous Aircraft Carrier.

• The steel should have high yield strength, and


excellent sub zero impact toughness.

• Can DRDO do something?


Requirements for Naval Steels
Withstand critical operating conditions in the range of -35°C to +40°C.
Full submergence in saline atmosphere, wave loadings, sea slap,
vibrations, thermal exertions etc.

• Required
High brittle-fracture resistance under sharp variation
YS of load and
temperature. • Excellent impact toughness at
low temperatures (-40 to –60C)
Resistance to stress corrosion damage
• Good weldability
Resistance to corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen
• Adequate corrosion resistance
embrittlement.
High resistance to alternating loads leading to cyclic stresses leading
to fatigue fracture.
Of the many
Excellent weldability classes large
to produce of steel,
size high strength
structures in large units and
low alloy (HSLA) steels are ideal candidates
thick sections.

Large plates
Project taken up by DMRL & NMRL for
Development of AB Class of Steels for Marine
Applications (DMR-249)

Steel Mill form Application


ABA Plates and bulb bars Hull and other structures
AB2 Plates Flight deck
Science, Technology and Production
DMR-249A (ABA)
Comparison of DMR249A (ABA) with Other Steels

Property DMR249A 10XSND D40S B-Quality

YS (MPa) > 390 390 390 310

UTS (MPa) 510-690 530-690 530-690 480-590

% Elongation > 20 19 16 20

Impact Energy, 78J at 40J at 36J at 40J at


CVN -60ºC -40 ºC -20 ºC -30 ºC

Bend Test 2T at 180º 2T at 120º -- 3T at 180º

DMR249A has much superior impact properties compared to the other steels

DMRL
DMRL
plates up to 20mm in thickness are able to meet specifications in as-
rolled (or normalized) condition itself, because of improvements in
melting & rolling practice at BSP
AB2 (DMR-249B)
YS ~ 588-686 MPa
AB2 / DMR-249B Plates
Low alloy steel, not microalloyed, and is therefore more
tolerant (wider processing windows) than DMR-249A

Desirable Treatment and Microstructure


• Take all carbon into solution during austenitizing
• Produce fully lath (B+M) structure with interlath films of
austenite by employing a severe enough quenching
process
• Produce discrete interlath carbides during tempering by
decomposing the interlath austenite films
• Avoid
– Other phases Fully B + M structure with uniform laths
and discrete interlath carbides resulting in
– Grain boundary carbides
optimum combination of strength and
– Intralath coarse carbides
toughness

DMRL
HIGH STRENGTH STEELS FOR NAVAL APPLICATIONS
Launched Aug 2013;
~18000T of 249A & B steels

2005 /
2009

DMR-249B (AB2)
2002 / • YS > 588 MPa
2005 • Impact Energy > 78J at -40°C
DMR-249A (ABA)
• YS > 390MPa
• Impact energy > 78J at -60°C

DMR-249 steels
• Indigenized under Project DMR-249 (1999-2009)
• > 60000T of plates & bulb bars produced so far
• Certification being pursued to enable underwater applications
Concerted efforts of several agencies led to
the successful development and industrial
production of steel that was essential for
naval hull applications, within a very short
span of time!!
DRDO Labs
Indian Navy
Manufacturing Firms
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE…
A GENERAL VIEW
Present

Reach higher levels of


maturity at shorter times
Earlier

maturity

How do we achieve this?

time
Academia

R&D
institutio
ns

Industry

Strong & sustained support required


from
• Academia – initial phase
• Industry – for production
Demand perspective
What does the user want?

Material of required quality on


time and within budget
Industry
Short lead time to maturity (in R&D
Orgn
product vis-à-vis knowledge),
repeatability and reliability, Academia
consistency – the more critical
the component, the higher the
level of performance and
reliability that is required.
drop-in solutions, customized Meet User Requirements
to specific requirements
Indian Navy, DRDO Systems Labs,…
Primarily, the user wants
timely delivery of quality product
at competitive cost

So, let us deliver…

Let us Make in India

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