Desing of Achor Blocks

a Anchor Block No. 1

a1 = 180
a2 = 430
aH1 = aH2 = 0

Upsteam length of pipe upto expansion joint L1= 27.4

Length of pipe upto 1st saddle 11 = 6.9

l1 = 6.9 Static Weight Per Meter
l2 = 9.5 S1 = S2 = Dt γ
L2 = 4 =π x 0. 88 0 . 003 x 7 . 85
D = 0.88 =0 . 065 T /m
γ = 7.85 T/m3 πD2
Area A = =0. 608 m2
t = 3mm 4
= 0.003m
H = 606.6-59262=13.98m
Weight of water in the pipe per meter
W1 = W2 = πD2
=0 . 608 T /m
4
Q = 1.65m3/sec
V = 1.85 Coefficient of friction between
= 3.042m/sec concrete and steel C = 0.45
Sin u2 = 0.682
Cos u2 = 0.731
Tan u2 = 0.933

1 Design of Anchor Block No. 1

1.1 Vertical component forces acting on the pipes are
(i) Upper W = 1/2 (W. + S.) l. cos δ1
= =
0. 608 + 0 . 065
x 6. 9 x 0 . 951
2
(i) Lower W. = 1/2 (W. + S.) l. cos α2
0. 608 + 0 . 065 =
x 9. 5 x 0 .731
2
W1 Z-comp. W{z = W{rSinu - cos 1 =
Y- comp W{y = W{r Cos =
x- comp W{x = W{rSinu - sin =

Z-comp. W2z = W2 Sin Cos = 1.594

W2 Y-comp. W2y = W2 Cos = 1.709
X- comp. W2x = W2 Sin Sin = 0

1.2 Frictional force due to the upper portion of the penstoch pipe to the block is
T1 =
[ ] l
S 1 L1 sin α 1 ± C (W 1 −S 1 ) L1 − 1 Cos α 1
2
= 0.065x27.4 sin 180 + 0.45(0.608 + 0.065)(27.4 - 6.9) Cos 18
 2
= 0.550 + 6.898 = 7.448 or = 6.348T
Considering the worst case we have T1 = 7.448

T2 =
1 1 [ ]
S 2 L2 sin α2 ± C(2 −S 2 ) L2 −
l2
2
Cos α 2

= 0.065 x 4.0 x sin 430 + 0.45 (0.608 + 0.065) (4.0 - 9.5/2) Cos 43
= 0.177 + 0.166 = 0.343 or -0.112

Considering the worst case we have T2 = 0.343

X - comp. T1x = −T 1 . Cos α 1 Sin α H =

T1 Y - comp. T1y = +T 1 . Sin α 1 =
Z - comp. T1z = −T 1 . Cos α 1 Cos α H =
X - comp. T2x = −T 2 . Cos α 2 Sin α H =
T2 Y - comp. T2y = +T 2 . Sin α 2 =
Z - comp. T2z = −T 2 . Cos α 2 Sin α H =

1.3 Component force due to the friction of the inside water is calculated as
P1 = 2 f Q21 L1 Where coeficient of frictioi f = 0.02
3
1
π gD
= 2x0.02 x 1.852 x 27.4 = 0.179 T
22 / 7 x 9.81 x 0.883 = 0.026 T

P2 = 2 f Q21 L1 2x0.02 x 1.852 x 27.4 = 0.026 T

π g. D 22 / 7 x 9.81 x 0.882
23

P1x = 1 Cosα 1 Sin α H

−P = 0
P1 P2y P=1 Sin α 1 = 0.179 x Sin 180 =
P1z = 1 Cos α 1 cos α H
−P = 0.179 x Cos 18 x Cos 0
0 0
=

P2x = −P2 Cos α 1 Sinα H = 0

P2 P2y P=2 Cos α 1 Sin α H = 0,026 x Sin 430
P2z = 2 Cos α 2 Cos α H
−P = -0.025 x Cos 430 x Cos 00

Cos Cos
= α 1 . Cos α 2 , Cos α H ± Sin α 1 . Sin α 2
= Cos 180 . Cos 430. Cos 00 + Sin 180. sin 430
= Cos (180 + 430) = Cos 610 or
= 610 or 250

1.4 Hydrostatic Pressure due to High Water Level

Ps = α =
18 0
2 HA r sin 1 = 2 x 13 . 98 x 0 . 608 x Sin
2 Ps (Cos α 1 Sin 2 αH
X-comp. Psx = =
2 Sin = ¿ 2
Psy Ps (Cos α 1 Sin α 2
Y- comp. = =
2 Sin = ¿ 2
 Considering the worst case we have Psy = -0.977
Z- comp. Psz =
P s (Cos α 1 Cos α H − Cos α 2 =
2 Sin = /2
or =
Considering the worst case we have Psz = 1.35

1.5 Contrifugal forces due to the motion of water acing on the curved portion.
Pct 2 V2 A Sin = /2 = 2 x 3.0422 x 0.608 x Sin 610/2 =
g 9.81
X-comp Pctv = Pef (Cos α1 Sin αH) = 0
2 Sin = / 2
Y- comp Pctv = Pef (Sin α1 Sinα2) = -0.214
2 Sin = / 2
or = -0.501
Considering the worst case we have Pctv = -0.126

Z-comp Pctv = Pet(Cosα1 - Cos α2 CosαH) = 0.125

2 Sin = / 2
Considering the worst case we have Psy = 0.295

Mx
Forces Acting are F (X) F(Y) F(Z) F(z) F(y)
*2.4 *1.3
W1 1/2 (W1 + S1)1. Cosα1 = 20.201 0.00 2.100 0.682
W2 1/2 (W2 + S2)2. Cosα2 = 2.337 0.00 1.709 1.594
T1 S1L1 Sin α1 + C (W1+S1)(L1-l1/2)Cos α1 = 7.448 0.00 2.302 -7.083
T2 S2L2 Sin α2 + C (W2+S2)(L2-l2/2)Cos α2 = 2.115 0.00 0.234 -0.251
P1 2f Q L1 /g π D
2
2
3
= 0.179 0.00 0.055 -0.17
P2 2f Q L1 /g π D
2
2
3
= 0.026 0.00 0.018 -0.019
Ps 2 H A sin = /2 = 2.654 0.00 -0.977 1.35
Pef {2V Sin = / 2} / g
2
= 0.582 0.00 -0.214 0.295
0.00 5.227 -3.602 -8.645 6.795
-1.85

2 Weight of Anchor Block

Penstock Diameter = 0.88
Unit Weight of Concrete = 2.4

2.1 Figure ABCK

V1 = 3.2 x 2.6 x 2 - 1.7 x 0.608 = 15.606 m3
W1 = 37.455 T = 1.30 m
X1 = 2.6 / 2 = 1.60 m
Z1 = 3.2 / 2

2.2 Figure EFIG

V2 = 1.70 x 1.30 x 2.6 - 2.10 x 0.608 = 4.4692 m3
W2 = 4.4692 x 2.4 = 10.736 T
 X2 = 2.6 / 2 = 1.3 m
Z2 = 0.9+ 1.7 / 2 1.75 m

2.3 Figure EJDK

V3 = 0.9 x 0.6 x 2.6 -neg = 1.404 m3
W3 = 1.404 x 2.4 = 3.3696 T
X3 = 2.6 / 2 = 1.3 m
Z3 = 0.9 / 2 = 0.45

2.4 Figure DJG

V4 = 1/2 x 0.9 x 0.7x 2.6 = 0.619 m3
W4 = 0.819 x 2.4 = 1.9656 T
X4 = 2.6/2 = 1.3 m
Z4 = 0.9 x 2/3 = 0.6 m

2.5 Figure HIG

V5 = 1/2 x 1.7 x 0.6x 2.6 = 1.326 m3
W5 = 1.326 x 2.4 = 3.1824 T
X5 = 2.6/2 = 1.3 m
Z5 = 0.9 + 17 x 2/3 = 2.033 m

2.6 Figure CFH

V6 = 1/2 x 0.6 x 1.90 x 2.6 = 1.482 m3
W6 = 1.482 x 2.4 = 3.5568 T
X6 = 2.6/2 = 1.3 m
Z6 = 26 + 1/3 x 0.6 = 2.8 m

S.N Fy X Z Mx MZ Remark
W1 W1 x X1 W1 x Z1
1 37.4553 1.3 1.6 48.692 59.929
2 10.7261 1.3 1.75 13.944 18.771
3 3.3696 1.3 0.45 4.3805 1.5163
4 1.9656 1.3 0.6 2.5553 1.1794
5 3.1824 1.3 2.033 4.1371 6.4698
6 3.5568 1.3 2.8 4.6238 9.959
Total 60.2558 78.3327 97.8245

3 Total Forces and Moments

ΣFx = 0.00
ΣFy = 5.227 + 60.2558 = 65.483 T
ΣFz = -3.602 T
ΣMx = - 1.85 + 78.3326 = 76.483 T -m
ΣMz = 6.795 + 97.8238 = 104.619 T - m

4 Sefty against Overturning

4.1 X = ΣMz = 104.619 = 1.598
ΣFy 65.483
ex = Bx - X = 2.6 -1.598 = 0.298 M
2 2
 >Bx = 2.6 = 0.433
6 6

Hence the structure is safe against x-axis

4.2 Z = ΣMx = 76.483 1.168
ΣFy 65.483

ex = Bx - Z = 3.2 -1.168 = 0.432m

2 2
< Bz = 3.2 = 0.533
6 6

Hence the structure is safe against z-axis

5 Safe against Sliding

5.1 fx = ΣFx = 0 = 0 < 0.6
ΣFy 65.2957

Hence the structure is safe against sliding in x-axis

5.2 fz = ΣFz = -3.602 = -0.055 < 0.6
ΣFy 65.483

Hence the structure is safe against sliding in z-axis

6 Bearing Capacity of the Foundation

 2.208T

2.208T

0.682
2.1
0

9) Cos 180
 = 6.348T

9.5/2) Cos 430

-0.112

0
2.302
-7.083
0
0.234
-0.251

= 0.02

0.055
-0.17

= 0.018
= 0.019

Cos 250

2.659

-0.977
 0.576

1.35

0.582T

Mz
F(y) F(x)
*1.3 *2.4

6.795 0.00
6.795