WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE 5-101

Table 5.21a—Uplift Loads (SI)

Allowable Anchor
Allowable Shell
Bolt or Anchor
Uplift Load Case Net Uplift Formula, U (N) Stress at Anchor 14
Strap Stress
Attachment (MPa)
(MPa)
Design Pressure [Pi × D2 × 785] – W1 5/12 × F
y
2/3 F
ty 15

Test Pressure [Pt × D2 × 785] – W3 5/9 × F

y
5/6 F
ty 15

Wind Load PWR × D2 × 785 + [4 × MWS/D] – W2 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F

ty 15

Seismic Load [4 × Mrw/D] – W2 (1 - 0.4AV) 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F 15

ty

Design Pressurea + Wind [Fp (Pi + PWR) × D2 × 785] + [4 MWS/D] – W1 5/9 × F

y
5/6 F
ty 15

Design Pressurea + Seismic [Fp Pi × D2 × 785] + [4 Mrw/D] – W1 (1 – 0.4AV) 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F

ty 15

Frangibility Pressureb [3 × Pf × D2 × 785] – W3 Fy Fty

where
Av is the vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient, in % g;
D is the tank diameter, in meters;
Fp is the pressure combination factor;
Fty is the minimum yield strength of the bottom shell course, in MPa;
Fy is the minimum yield strength of the anchor bolt or strap; bolts are limited to specified material minimum yield
strength or 380 MPa, whichever is less, in MPa; anchor strap material minimum yield strength shall not 14
exceed the minimum yield strength of the shell;
H is the tank height, in meters;
MWS equals PWS × D × H2/2, in N-m; 15

Mrw is the seismic moment, in N-m (see Annex E); 14

Pi is the design internal pressure, in kPa (see Annex F); 15

Pf is the failure pressure, in kPa (see Annex F);

14
Pt is the test pressure, in kPa (see Annex F);
PWR is the wind uplift pressure on roof, in kPa;

PWS is the wind pressure on shell, in N/m2;

W1 is the corroded weight of the roof plates plus the corroded weight of the shell and any other corroded
permanent attachments acting on the shell, in N;
W2 is the corroded weight of the shell and any corroded permanent attachments acting on the shell including the
portion of the roof plates and framing acting on the shell, in N;
15
W3 is the nominal weight of the roof plates plus the nominal weight of the shell and any other permanent
attachments acting on the shell, in N.

a Refer to 5.2.2 concerning the pressure combination factor applied to the design pressure.
b Frangibility pressure applies only to tanks designed to 5.10.2.6 d.
 5-102 API STANDARD 650

Table 5.21b—Uplift Loads (USC)

Allowable
Allowable Shell
Anchor Bolt or
Stress at Anchor
14
Uplift Load Case Net Uplift Formula, U (lbf) Anchor Strap
Attachment
Stress
(lbf/in.2)
(lbf/in.2)
15 Design Pressure [Pi × D2 × 4.08] – W1 5/12 × F
y
2/3 F
ty

15 Test Pressure [Pt × D2 × 4.08] – W3 5/9 × F

y
5/6 F
ty

15 Wind Load PWR × D2 × 4.08 + [4 × MWS/D] – W2 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F

ty

Seismic Load [4 × Mrw/D] – W2 (1 – 0.4AV) 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F

ty

15 Design Pressurea + Wind [(Fp (Pi + PWR) × D2 × 4.08] + [4 MWS/D] – W1 5/9 × F

y
5/6 F
ty

15 Design Pressurea + Seismic [Fp Pi × D2 × 4.08] + [4 Mrw/D] – W1 (1 – 0.4AV) 0.8 × Fy 5/6 F

ty

15 Frangibility Pressureb [3 × Pf × D2 × 4.08] – W3 Fy Fty

where
Av is the vertical earthquake acceleration coefficient, in % g;
D is the tank diameter, in feet;
Fp is the pressure combination factor;
Fty is the minimum yield strength of the bottom shell course, in psi;
Fy is the minimum yield strength of the anchor bolt or strap; bolts are limited to specified material minimum yield
14 strength or 55,000 psi, whichever is less, in psi; anchor strap material minimum yield strength shall not exceed the
minimum yield strength of the shell;
H is the tank height, in feet;
15 MWS equals PWS × D × H2/2, in ft-lbs;
14 Mrw is the seismic moment, in ft-lbs (see Annex E);
15 Pi is the design internal pressure, in inches of water column (see Annex F);
Pf is the failure pressure, in inches of water column (see Annex F);
14
Pt is the test pressure, in inches of water column (see Annex F);
PWR is the wind uplift pressure on roof, in inches of water column;
PWS is the wind pressure on shell, in lbs/ft2;
W1 is the corroded weight of the roof plates plus the corroded weight of the shell and any other corroded permanent
attachments acting on the shell, in lbf;
W2 is the corroded weight of the shell and any corroded permanent attachments acting on the shell including the portion
of the roof plates and framing acting on the shell, in lbf;
15 W3 is the nominal weight of the roof plates plus the nominal weight of the shell and any other permanent attachments
acting on the shell, in lbf.

a Refer to 5.2.2 concerning the pressure combination factor applied to the design pressure.
b Frangibility pressure applies only to tanks designed to 5.10.2.6 d.