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International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242
Volume – 5 Issue -03 March, 2016 Page No. 16018-16021

Patient Parameter Monitoring System using Raspberry Pi

Pooja Navdeti1, Sumita Parte2, Prachi Talashilkar3, Jagruti Patil4, Dr. Vaishali Khairnar5
1234
Fourth Year B.E, Dept.ofInformation Technology, Terna Engineering College, Nerul, Navi Mumbai.
5
HOD, Dept. of IT, Terna Engineering College, Nerul(W), Navi Mumbai.

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract— In India, everyday many lives are affected because the patients are not timely and properly operated. Also for
real time parameter values are not efficiently measured in clinic as well as in hospitals. Sometimes it becomes difficult for
hospitals to frequently check patients’ conditions. Also continuous monitoring of ICU patients is not possible. To deal with
these types of situations, our system is beneficial. Our system is designed to be used in hospitals for measuring and
monitoring various parameters like temperature, ECG, heart beat etc. The results can be recorded using Raspberry Pi
displayed on a LCD display. Also the results can be sent to server using GSM module. Doctors can login to a website and
view those results.
is a cheap, flexible, fully customizable and programmable
small computer board brings the advantages of a PC to the
Keywords—raspberry pi; monitoring system; GSM module; domain of sensor network [5].
sensors
In our system we are measuring patient’s parameters (ECG,
I. INTRODUCTION temperature, heart rate, pulse, etc) different available sensors.
This sensor collected data i.e. biometric information is given to
Health is one of the global challenges for humanity [1]. In the raspberry pi and then it is transferred to server. Biometric
last decade the healthcare has drawn considerable amount of information gathered can be wirelessly sent using different
attention. The prime goal was to develop a reliable patient options available such as Wi-Fi, 3G, GSM, Bluetooth, 802.15.4
monitoring system so that the healthcare professionals can and ZigBee depending on the application [6]. The data stored
monitor the patients, who are either hospitalized or executing in a database and can be displayed in a website that can be
their normal daily life activities. accessed only by authorized personnel [3]. The doctors, RMOs,
patient or his family members can be given authorization. The
Recently, the patient monitoring systems is one of the major system even facilitates the doctor to view the patient's previous
advancements because of its improved technology [2]. history from the data in memory.
Currently, there is need for a modernized approach. In the
traditional approach the healthcare professionals play the major II. LITERATURE SURVEY
role. They need to visit the patient’s ward for necessary
diagnosis and advising. There are two basic problems Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized single board computer with
associated with this approach. Firstly, the healthcare ARM11 microprocessor. In this study, a system is designed to
professionals must be present on site of the patient all the time
continuously monitor the Electrocardiogram (ECG) and other
and secondly, the patient remains admitted in a hospital,
bedside biomedical instruments, for a period of time. In order vital parameters. This data is stored in a database and can be
to solve these two problems, the patients are given knowledge displayed in a website that can be accessed only by authorized
and information about disease diagnosis and prevention. personnel [3].
Secondly, a reliable and readily available patient monitoring
system (PMS) is required [4]. Patient monitoring system and control using feedback and
GSM technology is used to monitor the different parameters of
In order to improve the above condition, we can make use of an ICU patient remotely and also control over medicine dosage
technology in a smarter way. In recent years, health care is provided. This system enables expert doctors to monitor vital
parameters viz body temperature, blood pressure and heart rate
sensors along with raspberry pi play a vital role. Wearable
sensors are in contact with the human body and monitor his or of patients in remote areas of hospital as well as he can monitor
her physiological parameters. We can buy variety of sensors in the patient when he is out of the premises [8].
the market today such as ECG sensors, temperature sensors,
pulse monitors etc. The cost of the sensors varies according to A module that provides mobility to the doctor and the patient,
their size, flexibility and accuracy [7]. The Raspberry Pi which by adopting a simple and popular technique, detecting the

Prajakta. S. Jadhav1 IJECS Volume 05 Issue 3 March 2016 Page No.16018-16021 Page 16018
 DOI: 10.18535/ijecs/v5i3.27

abnormalities in the bio signal of the patient in advance and

sending an alert SMS to the doctor through Global system for
Mobile(GSM) thereby taking suitable precautionary measures
thus reducing the critical level of the patient [9].

III. SYSTEM MODEL

The proposed model is described with the help of architecture

diagram and the block diagram

A. System Architecture

The interconnection between different components is explained

using the architecture of system. Architecture diagram is shown
in figure 1. The patients connect the sensors to their body and
the other end of the sensors is connected to Raspberry Pi. The
data acquired by sensors is stored in the Raspberry pi B+. The
data values (i.e. Biometric data) are shown on LCD display and Fig. 2 Block diagram
at the same time if the values exceed the normal range, the
alarm triggers. The values stored are sent to server with the
help of GSM. All the values are stored on the server and the
most recent value is displayed on webpage. The doctor along IV. DESIGN METHODOLOGY
with their login credentials can login and see the patient data.
Doctors can see all previous records of a patient and suggest The design of the system is divided into two parts: Hardware
medicines and changes in prescription. Also patients are given components and software components.
unique user id and password to view their records.
A. Hardware components

1) Temperature sensor (LM35):It is a sensor used to measure

temperature. The LM35 series are precision integrated-
circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is
linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade)
temperature. It measures temperature more accurately than
thermistors. It is sealed and does not undergo oxidation. It
does not require output voltage to be amplified.

Fig. 1 Architecture diagram

B. Block diagram Fig. 3 Temperature sensor (LM 35)

Block diagram is shown in figure 2. The diagram is divided

into two sections: Transmitter and receiver. In the transmitter 2) ECG sensor: ECG electrode sticks to chest to pickup ECG
section the collected data is stored in the Raspberry Pi B+ and signals. Then wires are connected to AD8232. This
the data is sent to the server using GSM module. In the receiver sensor is a cost-effective board used to measure the
section a web page is built and data collected is displayed on electrical activity of the heart. ECGs can be extremely
the web page. noisy, the AD8232 Single Lead Heart Rate Monitor acts as
an op amp to help obtain a clear signal from the PR and
QT Intervals easily.

Prajakta. S. Jadhav1 IJECS Volume 05 Issue 3 March 2016 Page No.16018-16021 Page 16019
 DOI: 10.18535/ijecs/v5i3.27

Fig. 4 ECG sensor

3) Heart Rate sensor: The sensor gives the digital output of
heat beat when a finger is placed on it. When the sensor
starts, the LED flashes in unison with beat. The output
generated is in Beats per Minute (BPM) rate. Fig. 7 MAX232
7) LCD:Liquid crystal display a type of display used in digital
watches and many portable computers. It is used to display
the measured data. We have used 16 x 2 Alphanumeric
Display which means on this display we can display two
lines with maximum of 16 characters in one line.

Fig. 5 Heart rate sensor

4) Raspberry Pi:The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card
sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV,
and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. The Raspberry
Pi Model B+ has dual core ARM11 processor with 512MB Fig. 8 LCD Display
SDRAM and powers through Micro USB socket of 5V.
Sensors are connected to the Raspberry Pi Model B+. .
Raspberry Pi sends the information to servers through B. SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
GSM module.
1) Server - The data send by Raspberry pi is stored on a
server. The detailed information of patients and doctor
is registered through website on stored on server. The
website can be accessible from anywhere.

V. PROBLEM DEFINITION

1. Problem definition of our underlying system which is

basically useful for doctor’s for monitoring patient’s
health parameter and gets the accurate result.
2. The doctors are continuously monitor the health
parameter of ICU patients from any location and
virtually connected to the patient through website.
Fig. 6 Raspberry Pi 3. Also through this system real time parameter values
can be measured so this system is beneficial for
5) GSM module: It requires a SIM (Subscriber Identity hospitals as well as in clinic also.
Module) card just like mobile phones to activate 4. Through this system, the doctor can able to calculate
communication with the network. The use of GSM to send temperature, ECG, heart rate values efficiently and
health information to webpage. This gives patient the store data on raspberry pi temporarily.
ability to leave the hospital but still he has to stay in some 5. The values are in form of - Temperature we are
known places to ensure the ability to reach him in getting Celsius, heart rate in pulses, ECG in
emergency cases. Even with this solution the patient can't percentage shown on display as well as on website.
move freely and be far from his home. 6. The any threshold value will be fluctuating from
specified value then the alarm will be triggered which
6) Max232: The MAX232 IC is used to convert the is connected through raspberry pi and RMO’s get the
TTL/CMOS logic levels to RS232 logic levels during alert.
serial communication of microcontrollers with PC. This
makes it difficult to establish a direct link between them to VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
communicate with each other. The intermediate link is
provided through MAX232. Low Supply Current 8 mA.

Prajakta. S. Jadhav1 IJECS Volume 05 Issue 3 March 2016 Page No.16018-16021 Page 16020
 DOI: 10.18535/ijecs/v5i3.27

As health care services are important part of our society, hacks.com/documentation/tutorials/ehealth-biometric-sensor-

automating these services lessen the burden on humans platform-arduino-raspberry-pi-medical/
[7] Praveen B Sarangama, Dr. Kiran A Gupta, “ A Novel
and eases the measuring process. Also the transparency of Implementation For Automated Health Monitoring System”,
this system helps patients to trust it. When threshold value IJETAE, Vol.5, Issue 6 June 2015
is reached, the alarm system that consists of buzzer and [8] An embedded, GSM based, multiparameter, realtime patient
LED alerts the doctors and he can act more quickly. The monitoring system and control — An implementation for ICU
patients.[Online].
objective of developing monitoring systems is to reduce Available:http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumb
health care costs by reducing physician office visits, er=6409218&queryText=An%20embedded,%20GSM%20based,
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The GSM technology helps the server to update the patient [9] Sukanesh R,Rajan S.P,Vijayprasath S.S Prabhu,“GSM
data on website. Many further improvements can be made based tele alert system”, IEEE 2010,pp1-5
in our system to make it better and easily adaptable such as
adding more advanced sensors. The biometric information
of the patient which is stored and published online can be
given to scientists and researchers of medical fields to
analyze the value and find patterns or for other research
work. To simplify the hardware and reduce wiring we can
have used wireless sensors.

Instead of medical application we can use our system in

industrial and agricultural application by using sensors like
humidity sensors, fertility check sensors, etc.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to thank our Project Guide Prof. Dr. Vaishali

Khairnar (H.O.D., IT Department, Terna Engineering College,
Nerul) for the key guidance, adequate support, time and
constant encouragement towards our project. Also we would
like to thank Terna Engineering College for providing us
required necessary equipment’s and facilities for project
development.

REFERENCES

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Prajakta. S. Jadhav1 IJECS Volume 05 Issue 3 March 2016 Page No.16018-16021 Page 16021