Solution of Triangle

A ccord i ng t o most account s, geom et ry w as fi rst d i scov ered among t he Egy pt i ans, t aki ng i t s ori g i n fro m t he
measurement of areas. For they found it necessary by reason of the flood ing of the Nil e, w hich wiped out everybod y's
proper b ou nd ari es. Nor i s t h ere any t hi ng surpri si ng i n t hat t he d i scov ery b ot h of t h i s and of t he ot he r sci ences
shoul d have had it s origin in a pract ical need , si nce every thing w hi ch i s in process of b ecomi ng pro gresses from the
i mperfect t o t he perfect . ...................Proclus

Sine Rule :
In any triangle ABC, the sines of the angles are proportional to the opposite sides
a b c
i.e.   .
sin A sin B sin C

Example # 1 : How many triangles can be constructed with the data :

a = 5, b = 7, sin A = 3/4
a b 5 7
Solution : Since =  =
sin A sin B 3/4 sin B
21
 sinB = > 1 not possible
20
 no triangle can be constructed.
sin A sin( A – B)
Example # 2 : If in a triangle ABC, = , then show that a2, b2, c2 are in A.P..
sin C sin(B – C)

sin A sin( A – B)
Solution : We have =
sin C sin(B – C)
 sin (B + C) sin (B–C) = sin (A + B) sin (A–B)
 sin2B – sin2 C = sin2A – sin2B
b2 – c2 = a2 – b2
a2, b2, c2 are in A.P.
Self Practice Problems :
 A C B
(1) In a ABC, the sides a, b and c are in A.P. , then prove that  tan 2  tan 2  : cot =2:3
  2
(2) If the angles of ABC are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3, then find the ratio of their corresponding sides
A B
c tan  tan
2 2
(3) In a ABC prove that = .
ab A B
tan  tan
2 2
Ans. (2) 1 : 3 : 2

Cosine Formula :
In any ABC
b 2  c2  a 2
(i) cos A = or a² = b² + c²  2bc cos A = b2 + c2 + 2bc cos (B + C)
2b c

c2  a 2  b 2 a 2  b 2  c2
(ii) cos B = (iii) cos C =
2 ca 2a b

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Solution of Triangle
Example # 3 : In a triangle ABC, A, B, C are in A.P. Show that

A –C ac
2cos   .
 2  a2 – ac  c 2

Solution : A + C = 2B  A + B + C = 3B  B = 60º

a2  c 2 – b2
 cos60º =  a2 – ac + c2 = b2
2ac

ac ac  sin A  sinC 

 2 2 = =  
a – ac  c b  sinB 

AC  A – C
2 sin  cos 
=  2   2 
sin B

A–C
= 2cos (  A + C = 2B)
2

Example # 4 : In a ABC , prove that a (bcos C – c cosB) = b 2 – c2

a2  b2  c 2 a2  c 2  b2
Solution : Since cosC = & cos B =
2ab 2ac

  a 2  b 2  c 2   2 2 2 
   c  a  c  b 
 L.H.S. = a  b  2ab   2ac 
    

a2  b2  c 2 (a 2  c 2  b 2 )
= – = (b2 – c2) = R.H.S.
2 2
Hence L.H.S. = R.H.S. Proved

Example # 5 : The sides of ABC are AB = 13 cm, BC = 4 3 cm and CA = 7 cm. Then find the value of sin
where  is the smallest angle of the triangle.
Solution : Angle opposite to AB is smallest . Therefore,

49  48 – 13 3 1
cos     sin =
2.7.4 3 2 2
Self Practice Problems :
(4) If in a triangle ABC, 3 sinA = 6 sinB = 2 3 sinC, Then find the angle A.

(5) If two sides a, b and angle A be such that two triangles are formed, then find the sum of two
values of the third side.

Ans. (4) 90º (5) 2b cosA

Projection Formula :
In any ABC
(i) a = b cosC + c cosB
(ii) b = c cosA + a cosC
(iii) c = a cosB + b cosA
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Solution of Triangle
A C 3b
Example # 6 : If in a ABC, c cos2 + a cos2 = , then show that a, b, c are in A.P..
2 2 2
Solution : c (1 + cosA) + a (1 + cosC) = 3b
 a + c + (c cosA + acosC) = 3b
 a + c + b = 3b
 a + c = 2b

Example # 7 : In a ABC, prove that (b + c) cos A + (c + a) cos B + (a + b) cos C = a + b + c.

Solution :  L.H.S. = (b + c) cos A + (c + a) cos B + (a + b) cos C
= b cos A + c cos A + c cos B + a cos B + a cos C + b cos C
= (b cos A + a cos B) + (c cos A + a cos C) + (c cos B + b cos C)
=a+b+c
= R.H.S.
Hence L.H.S. = R.H.S. Proved

Self Practice Problems :

(6) The roots of x 2 – 2 3 x + 2 = 0 represent two sides of a triangle. If the angle between them is


, then find the perimeter of triangle.
3

(7) In a triangle ABC, if cos A + cosB + cos C = 3/2, then show that the triangle is an equilateral
triangle.

cos A cos B cos C a2  b2  c 2

(8) In a ABC, prove that + + = .
c cos B  b cos C a cos C  c cos A a cos B  b cos A 2abc
Ans. (6) 2 3+ 6

Napier’s Analogy - tangent rule :

In any ABC
BC bc A CA c a B
(i) tan = cot (ii) tan = cot
2 bc 2 2 ca 2

AB a b C
(iii) tan = cot
2 a b 2
Example # 8 : Find the unknown elements of the ABC in which a = 3 + 1, b = 3 – 1, C = 90°.
Solution :  a= 3 + 1, b = 3 – 1, C = 90°
 A + B + C = 180°
 A + B = 90° .......(i)

 A B ab C
 From law of tangent, we know that tan   = cot
 2  ab 2

( 3  1)  ( 3  1) 2  A B 1
= cot 45° = cot 45°  tan   =
( 3  1)  ( 3  1) 2 3  2  3

A B 
 =
2 6

 A–B= .......(ii)
3

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Solution of Triangle
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
5 
A= and B=
12 12
Now,
c= a2  b 2 = 2 2
5 
 c= 2 2,A= ,B= Ans.
12 12
Self Practice Problems :
7 A
(9) In a ABC if b = 3, c = 5 and cos (B – C) = , then find the value of sin .
25 2

BC A CA B
(10) If in a ABC, we define x = tan   tan , y = tan   tan and
 2  2  2  2
 A B C
z = tan   tan , then show that x + y + z = – xyz.
 2  2

1
Ans. (9)
10

Trigonometric Functions of Half Angles :

A (s  b) (s  c) B (s  c) (s  a ) C (s  a ) (s  b)
(i) sin = , sin = , sin =
2 b c 2 ca 2 ab

A s (s  a ) B s (s  b ) C s (s  c)
(ii) cos = , cos = , cos =
2 bc 2 ca 2 ab

A (s  b) (s  c)  (s  b)(s  c ) abc
(iii) tan = = = , where s = is semi perimeter and 
2 s (s  a ) s (s  a )  2
is the area of triangle.

2 2
(iv) sin A = s(s  a )(s  b)(s  c) =
bc bc

Area of Triangle ()

1 1 1
= ab sin C = bc sin A = ca sin B = s (s  a ) (s  b) (s  c)
2 2 2

Example # 9 : If p1, p2, p3 are the altitudes of a triangle ABC from the vertices A, B, C and  is the area of the
s–c
triangle, then show that p1–1 + p2–1 – p3–1 

Solution : We have
1 1 1 a b c
 –  –
p1 p2 p3 = 2 2 2

a  b – c 2(s – c ) s – c
=  
2 2 

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Solution of Triangle
Example # 10 : In a ABC if b sinC(b cosC + c cosB) = 64, then find the area of the ABC.
Solution :  b sinC (b cosC + c cosB) = 64 ........(i) given
 From projection rule, we know that
a = b cosC + c cosB put in (i), we get
ab sinC = 64 ........(ii)
1
 = ab sinC  from equation (ii), we get
2
  = 32 sq. unit

A B C s2
Example # 11 : If A,B,C are the angle of a triangle, then prove that cot cot  cot  cot =
2 2 2 
A B C
Solution : cot  cot  cot
2 2 2

s(s – a) s(s – b) s(s – c )

=  
(s – b)(s – c ) (s – c )(s – a) (s – a)(s – b )

s (s – a  s – b  s – c ) s
= = (3s – 2s)
(s – a)(s – b)(s – c ) 

s2
=


m - n Rule : In any triangle ABC if D be any point on the base BC, such that BD : DC :: m : n and if
BAD= , DAC = , CDA = , then

(m + n) cot   m cot   n cot 

 n cot B  m cot C

Example # 12 : In a ABC . AD divides BC in the ratio 2 : 1 such that at BAD = 90º then prove that
tanA + 3tanB = 0

Solution : From the figure , we see that  = 90º + B (as  is external angle of ABD)

Now if we apply m-n rule in ABC, we get

(2 + 1) cot (90º + B) = 2. cot 90° – 1.cot (A – 90°)
 – 3 tan B = cot (90° – A)
 – 3 tan B = tan A
 tan A + 3 tan B = 0 Hence proved.

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Solution of Triangle
Example # 13 : The base of a  is divided into three equal parts . If , ,  be the angles subtended by these
parts at the vertex, prove that :
(cot + cot) (cot+ cot) = 4cosec2
Solution : Let point D and E divides the base BC into three equal parts i.e. BD = DE = EC = d (Let) and
let ,  and  be the angles subtended by BD, DE and EC respectively at their opposite vertex.

Now in ABC
 BE : EC = 2d : d = 2 : 1
 from m-n rule, we get
(2 + 1) cot = 2 cot ( + ) – cot
 3cot = 2 cot ( + ) – cot .........(i)
again
 in ADC
 DE : EC = d : d = 1 : 1
 if we apply m-n rule in ADC, we get
(1 + 1) cot = 1. cot – 1 cot
2cot = cot – cot .........(ii)
3 cot  2 cot(  )  cot 
from (i) and (ii), we get =
2 cot  cot   cot 
 3cot – 3cot = 4cot ( + ) – 2 cot
 3cot – cot = 4 cot ( + )
 cot . cot   1
 3cot – cot = 4  
 cot   cot  
 3cot 2+ 3cot cot – cot cot – cot cot = 4 cot cot – 4
 4 + 3cot 2 = cot cot + cot cot + cot cot
 4 + 4cot 2 = cot cot + cot cot + cot cot + cot 2
 4(1 + cot 2) = (cot + cot) (cot + cot)
 (cot + cot) (cot+ cot) = 4cosec2

Self Practice Problems :

1
(11) In a ABC, the median to the side BC is of length unit and it divides angle A into the
11  6 3
angles of 30° and 45°. Prove that the side BC is of length 2 unit.

Radius of Circumcirlce :
a b c abc
If R be the circumradius of ABC, then R = = = =
2 sin A 2 sin B 2 sin C 4

Example # 14 : In a ABC , prove that sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2/R2

a b c
Solution : In a ABC, we know that = = = 2R
sin A sin B sin C
and sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4sinAsinBsinC
4abc 16R
= =
8R3 8R3

2
=
R2
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Solution of Triangle
Example # 15 : In a ABC if a = 22 cm, b = 28 cm and c = 36 cm, then find its circumradius.
abc
Solution :  R= .......(i)
4
 = s( s  a)( s  b )(s  c )

abc
 s= = 43 cm
2
 = 43  21 15  7 = 21 215
22  28  36 264
 R= = cm
4  21 215 215

Example # 16 : In a ABC, if 8R2 = a2 + b2 + c2 , show that the triangle is right angled.

Solution : We have : 8R2 = a2 + b2 + c2
 8R2 = [4R2 sin2A + 4R2 sin2B + 4R2 sinC] [  a = 2R sin A etc.]
 2 = sin2A + sin2B + sin2C  (1 – sin2A) – sin2 B + (1 – sin2C) = 0
 (cos2 A – sin2B) + cos2 C = 0  cos (A + B) cos (A – B) + cos2C = 0
 –cos C cos (A – B) + cos2 C = 0  – cos C {cos (A – B) – cos C} = 0
 –cos C[cos (A – B) + cos(A + B)] = 0  – 2cos A cosB cos C = 0
 cos A = 0 or cos B = 0 or cos C = 0
  
A= or B = or C =
2 2 2
 ABC is a right angled triangle.

b2 – c 2
Example # 17 : = R sin (B – C)
2a

b2 – c 2 4R 2 (sin2 B – sin2 C) R sin( B  C) sin(B – C)

Solution : = = = R sin (B – C)
2a 4R sin A sin A

Self Practice Problems :

 A –B C
(12) In a ABC, prove that (a + b) = 4R cos   cos
 2  2
4
(13) In a ABC , if b = 15 cm and cos B = , find R.
5

(14) In a triangle ABC if , , are the distances of the vertices of triangle from the corresponding

points of contact with the incircle, then prove that = r2
  
Ans. (13) 12.5

Radius of The Incircle :

If ‘r’ be the inradius of ABC, then

 A B C
(i) r= (ii) r = (s  a) tan = (s  b) tan = (s  c) tan
s 2 2 2

B C
a sin sin
2 2 A B C
(iii) r= and so on (iv) r = 4R sin sin sin
A 2 2 2
cos
2
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Solution of Triangle
Radius of The Ex- Circles :
If r1, r2 , r3 are the radii of the ex-circles of ABC opposite to the vertex A, B, C respectively, then
 ;  ;  A ;
B ;
C
(i) r1 = r = r = (ii) r1 = s tan r2 = s tan r3 = s tan
sa 2 sb 3 sc 2 2 2

a cos B2 cos C2 A B C
(iii) r1 = and so on (iv) r1 = 4 R sin . cos . cos
cos A2 2 2 2

 r 
Example # 18 : cos A + cosB + cos C =  1  R 
 
Solution : LHS = cosA + cosB + cosC
 A B A –B C
= 2 cos   cos   + 1 – 2 sin2
 2   2  2

C cos A – B  – sin C   1 C cos A – B  – cos A  B   1

= 2 sin     = 2sin     
2   2  2 2   2   2 

C 2 sin A sin B  A B C
= 2sin   + 1 = 1 + 4 sin sin sin
2  2 2  2 2 2

1  4R sin A sin B sin C  r

=1+   =1+ = RHS
R  2 2 2  R

b–c c–a a–b

Example # 19 : In a triangle ABC, find the value of  
r1 r2 r3 .

b–c c–a a–b

 
Solution :         
     
s –a s –b  s –c 

1
= [ (b – c) (s – a) + (c – a) (s – b) + (a – b) (s – c)]

1
= [s(b – c + c – a + a – b) –a (b – c) – b(c – a) – c (a – b)] = 0


Self Practice Problems :

(15) In a triangle ABC, r1 , r2, r3 are in HP. If its area is 24 cm 2 and its perimeter is 24 cm. then find
lengths of its sides.

(16) In a triangle ABC, a : b : c = 4 : 5 : 6 . Find the ratio of the radius of the circumcircle to that of
the incircle.
r1  r r2  r c
(17) In a ABC, prove that + = r .
a b 3

(18) If A, A1, A2 and A3 are the areas of the inscribed and escribed circles respectively of a ABC,
1 1 1 1
then prove that = + + .
A A1 A2 A3
Ans. (15) 6, 8 , 10 (16) 16 : 7

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Solution of Triangle
Length of Angle Bisectors, Medians & Altitudes :
2 bc cos A
2
(i) Length of an angle bisector from the angle A =  a = ;
bc

1
(ii) Length of median from the angle A = m a = 2 b2  2 c2  a 2
2
2
& (iii) Length of altitude from the angle A = A a =
a

2 2 2 3 2
NOTE : m a  m b  m c = (a + b2 + c2)
4

 
Example # 20 : In ABC, AD & BE are its two median . If AD = 4 , DAB = and ABE = then find the
6 3
length of BE and area of ABC. A

2 8 4
Solution : AP = AD = ; PD = ; Let PB = x
3 3 3 30º

8/3 8
tan 60º = or x 
x 3 3
E
90º
P
1 8 8 32 60º
Area of ABP = × × =
2 3 3 3 9 3
B D C
32 32
 Area of ABC = 3 × =
9 3 3 3

3 4
Also, BE = x=
2 3

Self Practice Problem :

(19) In a ABC if A = 90º, b = 5 cm, c = 12 cm. If ‘G’ is the centroid of triangle, then find
circumradius of GAB.
13 601
Ans. (19) cm
30

The Distances of The Special Points from Vertices and Sides of Triangle :

(i) Circumcentre (O) : OA = R and O a = R cos A

A
(ii) Incentre () : A = r cosec and a = r
2
A
(iii) Excentre (1) : 1 A = r1 cosec and 1a = r1
2
(iv) Orthocentre (H) : HA = 2R cos A and Ha = 2R cos B cos C

1 2
(v) Centroid (G) : GA = 2b 2  2c 2  a 2 and G a =
3 3a

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Solution of Triangle
Example # 21 : If p1,p2, p3 are respectively the lengths of perpendiculars from the vertices of a triangle ABC to
the opposite sides, prove that :
cos A cos B cos C 1 bp1 cp2 ap 3 a2  b 2  c 2
(i)    (ii)   =
p1 p2 p3 R c a b 2R
1 a 1 b 1 c
Solution : (i) use p  2 , p  2 , p  2
1 2 3

1
 LHS = (a cosA + b cosB + c cosC)
2
R 4R sin A sin B sin C
= (sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C) =
2 2
4R a b c 1 1 1
= . . .  2
abc  2
.(4R )  = RHS
2 2R 2R 2R 4R 4R R

bp1 cp2 ap 3 a2  b 2  c 2 2b 2c 2a 2(a2  b2  c 2 )

(ii) LHS =   = =   =
c a b 2R ac ab bc abc

2(a2  b2  c 2 ) a2  b2  c 2
= =
4 R 2R
Self Practice Problems :

A B C
(20) If be the incentre of ABC, then prove that A .B .C = abc tan tan tan .
2 2 2

(21) If x, y, z are respectively be the perpendiculars from the circumcentre to the sides of ABC,
a b c abc
then prove that + + = .
x y z 4xyz

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ

According to most accounts, geometry was first discovered among the Egyptians, taking its origin from the measurement
of areas. For t hey found i t necessary by reaso n of t he fl ood i ng o f t he Ni l e, w hi ch w i ped out ev ery b o d y 's proper
boundari es. Nor i s there any thing surprising in that t he di scov ery both of t hi s and of the other sci ences shoul d have
had its origin in a practical need, since everything which is in process of becoming progresses from the imperfect to the
pe rfec t . ...................Proclus

T;k fu;e (Sine Rule) :

fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa] dks. kksa dh T;k lEeq[ k Hkqtkvksa ds lekuqikrh gksrh gS
a b c
vFkkZr~   .
sin A sin B sin C

mnkgj.k # 1 : fuEu vkdM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij fdrus f=kHkqt cuk,s tk ldrs gSA

a = 5, b = 7, sin A = 3/4
a b 5 7
gy% pawfd =  =
sin A sin B 3/4 sin B

21
 sinB = > 1 ¼va l a Hko½
20
 dks bZ f=kHkq t ugha cuk;k tk ldrk gS A

sin A sin( A – B)
mnkgj.k # 2 : ;fn ABC, esa =
sin(B – C)
, rks fl) djks fd a2, b2, c2 lekUrj Js. kh esa gksxsaA
sin C

sin A sin( A – B)
gy% pwafd =
sin C sin(B – C)
 sin (B + C) sin (B–C) = sin (A + B) sin (A–B)
 sin2B – sin2 C = sin2A – sin2B
b2 – c2 = a2 – b2
a2, b2, c2 lekUrj Js . kh es a gS
vE;kl dk;Z
 A C B
(1) ;fn ABC, esa Hkqtk,sa a, b rFkk c lekUrj Js<+h esa gS rks fl) djks fd  tan 2  tan 2  : cot = 2 : 3
  2

(2) ;fn ABC esa dks. kksa dk vuqikr 1 : 2 : 3, gS rks muds laxr Hkqtkvksa dk vuqikr Kkr djksA
A B
c tan  tan
2 2
(3) ABC es a fl) djks fd = .
ab A B
tan  tan
2 2
dks T ;k lw = k (Cosine Formula) :
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa
b 2  c2  a 2
(i) cos A = ;k a² = b² + c²  2bc cos A = b2 + c2 + 2bc cos (B + C)
2b c
c2  a 2  b 2 a 2  b 2  c2
(ii) cos B = (iii) cos C =
2 ca 2a b

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
mnkgj.k # 3 : ABC esa dks. k A, B, C lekUrj Js<+h esa gS rks fl) djks fd
A –C ac
2cos   .
 2  a – ac  c 2
2

gy : A + C = 2B  A + B + C = 3B  B = 60º

a2  c 2 – b2
 cos60º =  a2 – ac + c2 = b2
2ac

ac ac  sin A  sinC 

 2 2 = =  
a – ac  c b  sinB 

AC  A – C
2 sin  cos 
=  2   2 
sin B

A–C
= 2cos (  A + C = 2B)
2

mnkgj.k # 4 : ABC es a fl) djks fd a (bcos C – c cosB) = b2 – c2

a2  b2  c 2 a2  c 2  b2
gy : pawfd cosC = & cos B =
2ab 2ac

  a 2  b 2  c 2   2 2 2 
   c  a  c  b 
 L.H.S. = a  b  2ab   2ac 
    

a2  b2  c 2 (a 2  c 2  b 2 )
= – = (b2 – c2) = R.H.S.
2 2
vr% L.H.S. = R.H.S. Proved

mnkgj.k # 5 : ABC esa AB = 13 cm, BC = 4 3 cm rFkk CA = 7 cm. rc sin dk eku Kkr djksA
tgk¡  f=kHkqt dk lcls NksVk dks. k gSA
gy : Hkqtk AB ds lEeq[ k dks. k lcls NksVk gksxk] blfy,
49  48 – 13 3 1
cos     sin =
2.7.4 3 2 2
vH;kl dk;Z %
(4) ;fn ABC, 3 sinA = 6 sinB = 2 3 sinC, rc dks. k A Kkr djksA
(5) ;fn nks Hkqtk,sa a, b rFkk dks. k A bl izdkj gS fd nks f=kHkqt cuk,s tk ldrs gSA rc rhljh Hkqtk ds nksuks
ekuksa dk ;ksx Kkr djksA
Answer (4) 90º (5) 2b cosA

iz { ks i lw = k (Projection Formula) :
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa
(i) a = b cosC + c cosB
(ii) b = c cosA + a cosC
(iii) c = a cosB + b cosA

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
A C 3b
mnkgj.k # 6 : ;fn ABC esa c cos2 + a cos2 = , rc fl) djks fd a, b, c lekUrj Js<+h esa gksxsaA
2 2 2
gy% c (1 + cosA) + a (1 + cosC) = 3b
 a + c + (c cosA + acosC) = 3b
 a + c + b = 3b
 a + c = 2b

mnkgj.k # 7 : ABC esa fl) djks fd (b + c) cos A + (c + a) cos B + (a + b) cos C = a + b + c.

gy%  L.H.S. = (b + c) cos A + (c + a) cos B + (a + b) cos C
= b cos A + c cos A + c cos B + a cos B + a cos C + b cos C
= (b cos A + a cos B) + (c cos A + a cos C) + (c cos B + b cos C)
=a+b+c
= R.H.S.
vr% L.H.S. = R.H.S. Proved
vE;kl dk;Z %
(6) lehdj.k x 2 – 2 3 x + 2 = 0 ds ewy f=kHkqt dh nks Hkqtkvksa dks fu:fir djrs gSA ;fn bu nksuksa Hkqtkvks ds

e/; dks. k , gS rks f=kHkqt dh ifjehrh Kkr djksA
3

(7) ;fn f=kHkqt ABC, esa cos A + cosB + cos C = 3/2, rks fl) djks fd f=kHkqt leckgq f=kHkqt gksxkA
cos A cos B cos C a2  b2  c 2
(8) ABC es a fl) djks fd + + = .
c cos B  b cos C a cos C  c cos A a cos B  b cos A 2abc
Answer (6) 2 3 + 6

us f i;j lw = k & Li'kZ T ;k fu;e (Napier’s Analogy - tangent rule) :

fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa
BC bc A CA c a B
(i) tan = cot (ii) tan = cot
2 bc 2 2 c  a 2

AB a b C
(iii) tan = cot
2 a b 2

mnkgj.k # 8 : ;fn ABC esa a = 3 + 1, b = 3 – 1, C = 90° rks vU; dks. k rFkk Hkqtk,sa Kkr djksA
gy%  a= 3 + 1, b = 3 – 1, C = 90°
 A + B + C = 180°
 A + B = 90° .......(i)

 A B ab C
 Li'kZT ;k fu;e ls ge tkurs gS fd tan   = cot
 2  a  b 2

( 3  1)  ( 3  1) 2  A B 1
= cot 45° = cot 45°  tan   =
( 3  1)  ( 3  1) 2 3  2  3

A B 
 =
2 6

 A–B= .......(ii)
3

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
lehdj.k (i) rFkk (ii), ls
5 
A= and B=
12 12
vc
c= a2  b 2 = 2 2

5 
 c= 2 2,A= ,B= Ans.
12 12
vE;kl dk;Z %
7 A
(9) ;fn ABC esa b = 3, c = 5 rFkk cos (B – C) = , rks sin dk eku Kkr djksA
25 2
BC A CA B
(10) ;fn ABC, esa x = tan   tan , y = tan   tan rFkk
 2  2  2  2
 A B C
z = tan   tan , rks fl) djks fd x + y + z = – xyz.
 2  2

1
Ans. (9)
10

v/kZ dks . kks a ds f=kdks . kferh; Qyu (Trigonometric Functions of Half Angles)

A (s  b) (s  c) B (s  c) (s  a ) C (s  a ) (s  b)
(i) sin = , sin = , sin =
2 bc 2 ca 2 ab

A s (s  a ) B s (s  b ) C s (s  c)
(ii) cos = , cos = , cos =
2 bc 2 ca 2 ab

A (s  b) (s  c)  (s – b) (s – c ) abc
(iii) tan = = = , tgk¡ s = f=kHkqt dk v/kZ ifjeki gS rFkk
2 s (s  a ) s (s  a )  2
 f=kHkq t dk {ks =kQy gS A
2 2
(iv) sin A = s(s  a )(s  b)(s  c) =
bc bc

f=kHkq t ABC dk {ks = kQy (Area of Triangle ABC)

1 1 1
= ab sin C = bc sin A = ca sin B = s (s  a ) (s  b) (s  c)
2 2 2

mnkgj.k # 9 : ;fn ABC esa f'k"kksZ A, B, o C ls f'k"kZ yEc p1, p2 o p3 gS rFkk f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy gS rks fl) djks fd
s–c
p1–1 + p2–1 – p3–1 

gy % ge tkurs gS
1 1 1 a b c
 –  –
p1 p2 p3 = 2 2 2

a  b – c 2(s – c ) s – c
=  
2 2 

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
mnkgj.k # 10 : ;fn ABC esa b sinC(b cosC + c cosB) = 64, rks ABC dk {ks=kQy Kkr djksA
gy %  b sinC (b cosC + c cosB) = 64 ........(i)
 iz{ksi fu;e ls ge tkurs gS fd
a = b cosC + c cosB (i) es a j[kus ij
ab sinC = 64 ........(ii)
1
 = ab sinC  lehdj.k (ii) ls
2
  = 32 oxZ bZ dkbZ

A B C s2
mnkgj.k # 11 : ;fn A,B,C f=kHkqt ds dks. k gS rks fl) djks fd cot  cot  cot =
2 2 2 

A B C
gy % cot  cot  cot
2 2 2

s(s – a) s(s – b) s(s – c )

=  
(s – b)(s – c ) (s – c )(s – a) (s – a)(s – b )

s (s – a  s – b  s – c ) s s2
= = (3s – 2s) =
(s – a)(s – b)(s – c )  

m - n fu;e (m - n Rule)
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa] ;fn vk/kkj BC ij fLFkr fcUnq D bl çdkj gks fd BD : DC :: m : n rFkk  BAD = ,
 DAC =  ,  CDA = , rks
(m + n) cot   m cot   n cot 
 n cot B  m cot C

mnkgj.k # 12 : ABC esa AD Hkqtk BC dks 2 : 1 esa bl izdkj foHkkftr djrk gS fd BAD = 90º rks fl) djks fd
tanA + 3tanB = 0
gy% fp=kkuql kj = 90º + B ( ABD dk ckg~; dks. k gS½

vc f=kHkqt ABC esa m-n fu;e ls

(2 + 1) cot (90º + B) = 2. cot 90° – 1.cot (A – 90°)
 – 3 tan B = cot (90° – A)
 – 3 tan B = tan A
 tan A + 3 tan B = 0 vr% fl) gqvkA

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
mnkgj.k # 13 : ,d f=kHkqt ds vk/kkj dks rhu cjkcj Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gSaA ;fn bu rhu Hkkxksa ls lEeq[ k 'kh"kZ ij
cuk, x, dks. k ,  rFkk gS rc fl) dhft, fd
(cot + cot) (cot+ cot) = 4cosec2
gy . ekuk fcUnq D ,oa E vk/kkj BC dks rhu cjkcj Hkkxksa esa foHkkftr djrs gS vFkkZr~ BD = DE = EC = d (ekuk)
rFkk ekuk ,  ,oa  Øe'k% BD, DE ,oa EC }kjk buds lEeq[ k 'kh"kZ ij cuk, x, dks. k gSaA

vc f=kHkqt ABC esas

 BE : EC = 2d : d = 2 : 1
 m-n fu;e ls
(2 + 1) cot = 2 cot ( + ) – cot
 3cot = 2 cot ( + ) – cot .........(i)
iqu%
 f=kHkqt ADC esa
 DE : EC = d : d = 1 : 1
 vc f=kHkqt ADC esa m-n fu;e ls
(1 + 1) cot = 1. cot – 1 cot
2cot = cot – cot .........(ii)
lehdj.k (i) ,oa (ii) ls
3 cot  2 cot(  )  cot 
=
2 cot  cot   cot 
 3cot – 3cot = 4cot ( + ) – 2 cot
 3cot – cot = 4 cot ( + )
 cot . cot   1
 3cot – cot = 4  
 cot   cot  
 3cot 2+ 3cot cot – cot cot – cot cot = 4 cot cot – 4
 4 + 3cot 2 = cot cot + cot cot + cot cot
 4 + 4cot 2 = cot cot + cot cot + cot cot + cot 2
 4(1 + cot 2) = (cot + cot) (cot + cot)
 (cot + cot) (cot+ cot) = 4cosec2
vH;kl dk;Z :
1
(11) f=kHkqt ABC esa] Hkqtk BC dh ekf/;dk ds fy;s yEckbZ bdkbZ gS rFkk ;g dks.k A dks 30° ,oa 45°
11  6 3
esa foHkkftr djrh gSA fl) dhft, fd Hkqtk BC dh yEckbZ 2 bdkbZ gSA
ifjo` Ù k dh f=kT;k (Radius of Circumcirlce) : ;fn f=kHkqt ABC dh ifjf=kT;k R gS ] rks

a b c a bc
R=   =
2 sinA 2 sinB 2 sinC 4

mnkgj.k # 14 : ABC esa fl) djks fd sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2/R2

a b c
gy % ABC es a ] ge tkurs gS = = = 2R
sin A sin B sin C
rFkk sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4sinAsinBsinC
4abc 16R
= 3 =
8R 8R 3

2
=
R2
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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
mnkgj.k # 15 : ;fn ABC esa a = 22 cm, b = 28 cm rFkk c = 36 cm, rks f=kHkqt dh ifjf=kT;k Kkr djksA
abc
gy %  R= .......(i)
4

abc
 = s( s  a)( s  b )(s  c )  s= = 43 cm
2

22  28  36 264
 = 43  21 15  7 = 21 215  R= = cm
4  21 215 215

mnkgj.k # 16 : ;fn ABC, esa 8R2 = a2 + b2 + c2, rks fl) djks fd f=kHkqt ledks. k f=kHkqt gksxkA
gy% fn;k x;k gS 8R2 = a2 + b2 + c2
 8R2 = [4R2 sin2A + 4R2 sin2B + 4R2 sinC] [  a = 2R sin A etc.]
 2 = sin2A + sin2B + sin2C  (1 – sin2A) – sin2 B + (1 – sin2C) = 0
 (cos2 A – sin2B) + cos2 C = 0  cos (A + B) cos (A – B) + cos2C = 0
 –cos C cos (A – B) + cos2 C = 0  – cos C {cos (A – B) – cos C} = 0
 –cos C[cos (A – B) + cos(A + B)] = 0  – 2cos A cosB cos C = 0
 cos A = 0 or cos B = 0 or cos C = 0
  
A= or B = or C =
2 2 2
 ABC ledks. k f=kHkqt gS A

b2 – c 2
mnkgj.k # 17 : = R sin (B – C)
2a

b2 – c 2 4R 2 (sin2 B – sin2 C) R sin( B  C) sin(B – C)

gy : = = = R sin (B – C)
2a 4R sin A sin A

vH;kl dk;Z :
 A –B C
(12) f=kHkq t ABC, es a fl) djks fd (a + b) = 4R cos  2  cos
  2

4
(13) ;fn ABC es a b = 15 cm rFkk cos B = , rks R dk eku Kkr djks A
5

(14) ;fn , , ,d f=kHkqt ds 'kh"kksZa dh] vUr%o`Ùk ds laxr Hkqtkvksa ij Li'kZ fcUnqvksa ls nwfj;k¡ gks] rks fl) dhft,

fd      = r2

vUr% o` Ù k dh f=kT;k (Radius of The Incircle) : ;fn f=kHkqt ABC dh vUr% f=kT;k 'r' gS ] rks
 A B C
(i) r= (ii) r = (s  a) tan = (s  b) tan = (s  c) tan
s 2 2 2

B C
a sin sin
2 2
(iii) r= rFkk blh rjg vU; dks. kksa ,oa Hkqtkvksa ds inksa esa fy[k ldrs gSA
A
cos
2
A B C
(iv) r = 4R sin sin sin
2 2 2

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
ckg~ ; o` Ù k dh f=kT;k (Radius of The Ex- Circles) :
;fn ABC ds 'kh"kksZ A, B ,oa C ds lEeq[ k cuus okys cfgZo `rksa dh f=kT;k,¡ Øe'k% r1, r2, r3 gks] rks
   A B C
(i) r1 = ,r = , r3 = (ii) r1 = s tan , r2 = s tan , r3 = s tan
sa 2 sb sc 2 2 2

B C
a cos cos
2 2
(iii) r1 = A
blh rjg r2 ,oa r3 ds fy, fy[k ldrs gSA
cos
2

A B C
(iv) r1 = 4 R sin . cos . cos
2 2 2

 r 
mnkgj.k # 18 : cos A + cosB + cos C =  1  R 
 
gy : LHS = cosA + cosB + cosC

 A B A –B C C cos A – B  – sin C   1

= 2 cos  2  cos  2  + 1 – 2 sin2 = 2 sin    
    2 2   2  2

C  A –B  A  B  C 2 sin A sin B 

= 2sin cos  – cos   1 = 2sin   +1
2   2   2  2  2 2

A B C 1  A B C r
= 1 + 4 sin sin sin = 1 +  4R sin 2 sin 2 sin 2  = 1 + = RHS
2 2 2 R   R

b–c c–a a–b

mnkgj.k # 19 : f=kHkqt ABC esa   dk eku Kkr djksA
r1 r2 r3

b–c c–a a–b

 
gy%         
     
s –a s –b  s –c 

1
= [ (b – c) (s – a) + (c – a) (s – b) + (a – b) (s – c)]


1
= [s(b – c + c – a + a – b) –a (b – c) – b(c – a) – c (a – b)] = 0

vH;kl dk;Z %
(15) f=kHkqt ABC, r1 , r2, r3 esa HP esa gS rFkk f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy 24 cm2 gS rFkk bldh ifjfefr 24 cm gS rks f=kHkqt
dh Hkqtk,sa Kkr djksA

(16) f=kHkqt ABC, a : b : c = 4 : 5 : 6. gSA ifjf=kT;k rFkk vUr% o`Ùk dh f=kT;k dk vuqikr Kkr djksA
r1  r r2  r c
(17) f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd + = .
a b r3
(18) ;fn f=kHkqt ABC ds vUr% ,oa ckg~; o`Ùkksa ds {ks=kQy Øe'k% A, A1, A2 ,oa A3 gks rks fl) dhft, fd
1 1 1 1
= + + .
A A1 A2 A3

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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
dks . k lef}Hkktdks a ] ekf/;dkvks a ,oa 'kh"kZ yEcks a dh yEckbZ ;k¡ %
(Length of Angle Bisectors, Medians & Altitudes) :
2 bc cos A
2
(i) dks. k A ds v/kZd dh yEckbZ =  a = ;
bc
1
(ii) dks. k A ls [khaph xbZ ekf/;dk dh yEckbZ = m a = 2 b2  2 c2  a 2
2
2
rFkk (iii) dks. k A ls [khapsa x, 'kh"kZyEc dh yEckbZ = Aa =
a
3 2
uks V : m2a  m2b  m2c = (a + b2 + c2)
4
 
mnkgj.k # 20 : ABC esa AD rFkk BE ekf/;dk,sa gSA ;fn AD = 4 , DAB = rFkk ABE = rks ABC dk {ks=kQy
6 A
3
,oa BE dh yEckbZ Kkr djksA

2 8 4 30º
gy % AP = AD = ; PD = ; Let PB = x
3 3 3
8/3 8
tan 60º = or x 
x 3 3 E
90º
P
60º
1 8 32 8
ABC dk {ks =kQy = × × =
2 3 3 3 9 3 B C
D

32 32
 ABP dk {ks =kQy = 3 × =
9 3 3 3

3 4
rFkk, BE = x=
2 3
vH;kl dk;Z :
(19) f=kHkqt ABC esa A = 90º , b = 5 cm , c = 12 cm ;fn f=kHkqt dk dsUnzd G gks] rks f=kHkqt GAB dh ifjf=kT;k
Kkr dhft,A
13 601
Ans. (19) cm
30

f=kHkq t dh Hkq tkvks a ,oa 'kh"kka sZ ls fo'ks "k fcUnq vks a dh nw fj;k¡
(The Distances of The Special Points from Vertices and Sides of Triangle):

(i) ifjdsUnz (O) : OA = R ,oa O a = R cos A

A
(ii) vUr%dsUnz (I) : IA = r cosec rFkk Ia = r
2
A
(iii) cfg"dsUnz (I1) : I1 A = r1 cosec rFkk I1a = r1
2
(iv) yEcdsUnz (H) : HA = 2R cos A rFkk Ha = 2R cos B cos C

1 2
(v) dsUnzd (G) : GA = 2b 2 2c2 a 2 rFkk G a =
3 3a
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 f=kHkqt ds xq.k/keZ
mnkgj.k # 21 : ;fn p1,p2, p3 f=kHkqt ABC ds 'kh"kksZa ls lEeq[ k Hkqtkvksa ij 'kh"kZ yEcksa dh yEckbZ; k¡ gS rks fl) djks fd

cos A cos B cos C 1 bp1 cp2 ap 3 a2  b 2  c 2

(i)    (ii)   =
p1 p2 p3 R c a b 2R

1 a 1 b 1 c
gy % (i) pw a fd p  2 , p  2 , p  2
1 2 3

1
 LHS = (a cosA + b cosB + c cosC)
2

R 4R sin A sin B sin C

= (sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C) =
2 2

4R a b c 1 1 1
= . . .  2
abc  2
.(4R )  = RHS
2 2R 2R 2R 4R 4R R

bp1 cp2 ap 3 a2  b2  c 2
(ii) LHS =   =
c a b 2R

2b 2c 2a 2(a2  b2  c 2 )

=   =
ac ab bc abc

2(a2  b2  c 2 )
=
4 R

a2  b 2  c 2
=
2R

vH;kl dk;Z %
A B C
(20) ;fn f=kHkqt ABC dk vUr%dsUnz I gks] rks fl) dhft, fd A .B .C = abc tan tan tan
an .
2 2 2

(21) ;fn f=kHkqt ABC ds ifjdsUnz ls Hkqtkvksa dh yEcor~ nwfj;k¡ Øe'k% x, y, z gks] rks fl) dhft, fd

a b c abc
+ + = .
x y z 4 xyz

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Solution of Triangle

 Marked Questions may have for Revision Questions.

 fpfUgr iz ' u nks g jkus ;ks X; iz ' u gS A
PART - I : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Hkkx - I : fo"k;kRed iz'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½
Section (A) : Sine rule, Cosine rule, Napier's Analogy, Projection rule
[k.M (A) : T;k fu;e] dksT;k fu;e] Li'kZT;k fu;e ;k usfi;j ,ukyksft] ç{ksi fu;e
1. In a ABC, prove that :
f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd :
(i) a sin (B – C) + b sin (C – A) + c sin (A – B) = 0

a 2 sin(B  C) b 2 sin(C  A ) c 2 sin( A  B)

(ii) + + =0
sin A sin B sin C
(iii) 2(bc cos A + ca cos B + ab cos C) = a 2 + b2 + c2
C C
(iv) (a – b)2 cos2 + (a + b)2 sin2 = c2
2 2
sin B c  a cos B
(v) b2 sin 2C + c2 sin 2B = 2bc sin A (vi) =
sin C b  a cos C

2. The angles of aABC are in A.P. (order being A, B, C) and it is being given that b : c = 3 : 2 , then
find A.
f=kHkqt ABC ds dks. k A, B, C blh Øe esa lekUrj Js<+h esa gS rFkk b : c = 3 : 2 gS] rks A Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 75°

C
3. If cos A + cos B = 4 sin2   , prove that sides a, c, b of the triangle ABC are in A.P..
2

;fn cos A + cos B = 4 sin2  C  gks] rks fl) dhft, fd f=kHkqt ABC dh Hkqtk,¡ a, c, b lekUrj Js<+h esa gSaA
2

sin A sin( A  B)
4. If in a ABC, = , then prove that a2, b2, c2 are in A.P..
sin C sin(B  C)

sin A sin( A  B)
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] sin C = sin(B  C) gks] rks fl) dhft, fd a2, b2, c2 lekUrj Js<+h esa gSA

5. In a triangle ABC, prove that for any angle , b cos (A ) + a cos (B + ) = c cos .
f=kHkqt ABC esa fdlh dks. k ds fy, fl) dhft, fd b cos (A ) + a cos (B + ) = c cos .

bc ca ab cosA cosB cosC

6. With usual notations, if in a  ABC,   , then prove that   .
11 12 13 7 19 25

bc ca ab cosA cosB cosC

;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa]   gks] rks fl) dhft, fd   .
11 12 13 7 19 25

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Solution of Triangle
7. Let a, b and c be the sides of a ABC. If a2, b2 and c2 are the roots of the equation
cos A cos B cos C
x 3 – Px 2 + Qx – R = 0, where P, Q & R are constants, then find the value of + + in
a b c
terms of P, Q and R.
ekuk a, b rFkk c f=kHkqt ABC dh Hkqtk,¡ gSA ;fn a2, b2 ,oa c2 lehdj.k x 3 – Px 2 + Qx – R = 0, tgk¡ P, Q rFkk R
cos A cos B cos C
vpj gS] ds ewy gks rks + + dk eku P, Q ,oa R ds inks esa Kkr dhft,A
a b c

P
Ans.
2 R

8. If in a triangle ABC, the altitude AM be the bisector of BAD, where D is the mid point of side BC, then
prove that (b2  c2) = a2/2.
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa 'kh"kZyEc AM dks. k BAD dk v/kZd gks] tgk¡ D Hkqtk BC dk e/; fcUnq gS] rks fl) dhft, fd
(b2  c2) = a2/2.

9. In a ABC, prove that

f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd &
A B C
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2
 2 C A 2 + 2 + 2 s2
(i) 2 a sin  c sin 2  = c + a – b. (ii) =
 2 2 a b c abc

 A B C
(iii) 4  bc. cos2  ca. cos 2  ab. cos2  = (a + b + c) 2
 2 2 2

A B C
(iv) (b – c) cot + (c – a) cot + (a – b) cot =0
2 2 2
(v) 4 (cot A + cot B + cot C) = a2 + b2 + c2
 2abc  A B C
(vi)   . cos .cos . cos =
abc 2 2 2

A C
10. If the sides a, b, c of a triangle are in A.P., then find the value of tan + tan in terms of
2 2
cot (B/2).
A C
;fn fdlh f=kHkqt dh Hkqtk,¡ a, b, c lekUrj Js<+h esa gks] rks tan + tan dk eku cot (B/2) ds inksa esa Kkr dhft,A
2 2
2 B
Ans. cot
3 2

11. If D is the mid point of CA in triangle ABC and  is the area of triangle, then show that
4
tan (ADB) = .
a  c2
2
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa CA dk e/; fcUnq D rFkk f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy  gks] rks iznf'kZr dhft, fd
4
tan (ADB) = .
a  c2
2

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Solution of Triangle
12. If in a  ABC, a = 6, b = 3 and cos(A  B) = 4/5, then find its area.
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] a = 6, b = 3 ,oa cos(A  B) = 4/5 gks] rks bldk {ks=kQy Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 9 sq. unit

3 a2
13. If in a triangle ABC, A = 30º and the area of triangle is , then prove that either
4
B = 4 C or C = 4 B.
3 a2
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] A = 30º rFkk f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy gks] rks fl) dhft, fd ;k rks B = 4 C ;k C = 4 B.
4

14. In any ABC, prove that

f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd &

(i) R r (sin A + sin B + sin C) =  (ii) a cos B cos C + b cos C cos A + c cos A cos B =
R

1 1 1 1 A B C r
(iii) + + = . (iv) cos2 + cos2 + cos2 =2+
ab bc ca 2Rr 2 2 2 2R

(v) a cot A + b cot B + c cot C = 2(R + r)

15. In any ABC, prove that

fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd %&
(i) r. r1 .r2 .r3 =  2

1 1 1 1 a2  b2  c 2
(ii) r1 + r2 – r3 + r = 4R cos C. (iii) 2
 2
 2
 2

r r1 r2 r3 2

2
1 1 1 1  4 1 1 1 bc  r2 r3 ca  r3 r1 ab  r1r2
(iv)           (v)   =r
r r r 
r3  r r r 
 1 2  1 2 r3  r1 r2 r3

16. Show that the radii of the three escribed circles of a triangle are roots of the equation
x 3  x 2 (4 R + r) + x s2  r s2 = 0.
iznf'kZr dhft, fd f=kHkqt ds rhuksa cfgZo `Ùkksa dh f=kT;k,¡] lehdj.k x 3  x 2 (4 R + r) + x s2  r s2 = 0 ds ewy gSA

17. The radii r1, r2, r3 of escribed circles of a triangle ABC are in harmonic progression. If its area is 24 sq.
cm and its perimeter is 24 cm, find the lengths of its sides.
;fn f=kHkqt ABC dk {ks=kQy 24 oxZ lseh- rFkk ifjeki 24 lseh gks rFkk lkFk gh cfgZo `Ùkksa dh f=kT;k,sa r1, r2, r3 g- Js-
esa gks] rks bldh Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 6, 8, 10 cm ls eh

18. If the area of a triangle is 100 sq.cm, r 1 = 10 cm and r2 = 50 cm, then find the value of (b  a).
;fn ,d f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy 100 oxZ lseh] r1 = 10 lseh ,oa r2 = 50 lseh gks] rks (b  a) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 8

19. If , ,  are the respective altitudes of a triangle ABC, prove that

;fn f=kHkqt ABC ds 'kh"kZyEc Øe'k%, ,  gks] rks fl) dhft, fd &
1 1 1 cot A  cot B  cot C 1 1 1 2ab C
(i) + 2 + 2 = (ii)   = cos 2
2       (a  b  c )  2

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Solution of Triangle
20. If in an acute angled ABC, line joining the circumcentre and orthocentre is parallel to side AC, then find the
value of tan A.tan C.
;fn fdlh U;wudks. k ABC esa, ifjdsUnz rFkk yEcdsUnz dks feykus okyh js[ kk AC ds lekUrj gks rks tan A.tan C dk
eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 3

21. A regular hexagon & a regular dodecagon are inscribed in the same circle. If the side of the dodecagon
is  3 1 , if the side of the hexagon is 4
k , then find value of k.
,d le"kV~Hkqt vkSj ,d leckjg Hkqt ,d gh o`Ùk ds vUnj fufeZr gS] ;fn ckjgHkqt dh ,d Hkqtk dh yEckbZ  3 1 gks]
rks "kV~Hkqt dh Hkqtk dh yEckbZ gS &
Ans. 2

PART - II : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Hkkx - II : oLrqfu"B iz'u ¼OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
* fpfUgr iz ' u ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi okys iz ' u gS -
1. In a ABC, A : B : C = 3 : 5 : 4. Then a + b + c 2 is equal to
f=kHkqt ABC esa] A : B : C = 3 : 5 : 4 gks] rks a + b + c 2 dk eku gS &
(A) 2b (B) 2c (C*) 3b (D) 3a

cos A cos B cos C

2. If in a  ABC,   , then the triangle is :
a b c
(A) right angled (B) isosceles (C*) equilateral (D) obtuse angled
cos A cos B cos C
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa]   gks] rks f=kHkqt gS &
a b c
(A) ledks.k f=kHkqt (B) lef}ckgq f=kHkq t (C) leckgq f=kHkqt (D) vf/kd dks. k f=kHkqt

bc sin 2 A
3. In a ABC is equal to
cos A  cos B cos C
(A) b2 + c2 (B) bc (C*) a2 (D) a2 + bc
bc sin 2 A
f=kHkqt ABC esa] cjkcj gS&
cos A  cos B cos C
(A) b2 + c2 ds (B) bc ds (C*) a2 ds (D) a2 + bc ds

4. If in a triangle ABC, (a + b + c) (b + c  a) = k. b c, then :

(A) k < 0 (B) k > 6 (C*) 0 < k < 4 (D) k > 4
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa (a + b + c) (b + c  a) = k. b c gks] rks &
(A) k < 0 (B) k > 6 (C*) 0 < k < 4 (D) k > 4

5. In a triangle ABC, a: b: c = 4: 5: 6. Then 3A + B equals to :

f=kHkqt ABC esa] a: b: c = 4: 5: 6 gks] rks 3A + B dk eku gS&
(A) 4C (B) 2 C  C (D*) 
6. The distance between the middle point of BC and the foot of the perpendicular from A is :

 a2  b2  c 2 b2  c 2 b2  c 2 b2  c 2
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
2a 2a bc 2a
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Solution of Triangle
Hkqtk BC ds e/; fcUnq ,oa 'kh"kZ A ls Mkys x, yEc ds ikn ds e/; nwj h gS &
 a2  b2  c 2 b2  c 2 b2  c 2 b2  c 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2a 2a bc 2a

7. If in a triangle ABC, right angle at B, s  a = 3 and s c = 2, then

f=kHkqt ABC tks B ij ledks. k gS] esa s  a = 3 ,oa s c = 2 gks] rks &
(A) a = 2, c = 3 (B*) a = 3, c = 4 (C) a = 4, c = 3 (D) a = 6, c = 8

A B 3
8. If in a triangle ABC, b cos2 + a cos2 = c, then a, c, b are :
2 2 2
(A*) in A.P. (B) in G.P. (C) in H.P. (D) None
A B 3
;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa] b cos2 + a cos2 = c gks ] rks a, c, b ga S &
2 2 2
(A) lekUrj Js <+ h es a (B) xq . kks Ùkj Js <+ h es a (C) gjkRed Js <+ h es a (D) bues a ls dks bZ ugha A

9. If H is the orthocentre of a triangle ABC, then the radii of the circle circumscribing the triangles BHC,
CHA and AHB are respectively equal to :
;fn f=kHkqt ABC dk yEcdsUnz H gks] rks f=kHkqtksa BHC, CHA ,oa AHB ds ifjxr o`Ùkksa dh f=kT;k,¡ Øe'k% gaS &
R R R
(A*) R, R, R (B) 2R , 2R , 2R (C) 2R, 2R, 2R (D) , ,
2 2 2
B C
10. In a  ABC if b + c = 3a, then cot · cot has the value equal to:
2 2
B C
f=kHkqt ABC esa ;fn b + c = 3a gks] rks cot · cot dk eku gS &
2 2
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C*) 2 (D) 1

2 9 3
11. In a ABC, A = , b – c = 3 3 cm and area (ABC) = cm 2. Then ‘a’ is
3 2
(A) 6 3 cm (B*) 9 cm (C) 18 cm (D) 7 cm

2 9 3
f=kHkqt ABC esa A = ,b–c=3 3 lseh ,oa {ks=kQy (ABC) = oxZ lseh gks] rks ‘a’ dk eku gS&
3 2
(A) 6 3 ls eh (B) 9 ls eh (C) 18 ls eh (D) 7 lseh

12. If in a ABC,  = a2 – (b – c)2, then tan A is equal to

;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa]  = a2 – (b – c)2 gks] rks tan A dk eku gS &
(A) 15/16 (B*) 8/15 (C) 8/17 (D) 1/2

31
13*. If in a ABC, a = 5, b = 4 and cos (A – B) = , then
32

5 7 
  15 7
(A*) c = 6 (B*) sin A =  16  (C*) area of ABC = (D) c = 8
  4

31
;fn fdlh ABC ds fy,] a = 5, b = 4 vkSj cos (A – B) = gks] rks
32

5 7 
  15 7
(A*) c = 6 (B*) sin A =  16  (C*) ABC dk {ks =kQy = (D) c = 8
  4
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Solution of Triangle
14. In a triangle ABC, B = 60° and C = 45°. Let D divides BC internally in the ratio 1 : 3,
sin BAD
then value of is
sin CAD
f=kHkqt ABC esa] B = 60° ,oa C = 45° gSA ;fn fcUnq D Hkqtk BC dks 1 : 3 ds vuqikr esa vUr% foHkkftr djrk
sin BAD
gks] rks sin CAD dk eku gS &

2 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
3 3 6 3

b2  c 2
15. If R denotes circumradius, then in ABC, is equal to
2a R
(A) cos (B – C) (B*) sin (B – C) (C) cos B – cos C (D) sin(B + C)
b2  c 2
;fn R ifjf=kT;k dks iznf'kZr djrk gks] rks f=kHkqt ABC esa 2a R
dk eku gS &
(A) cos (B – C) (B) sin (B – C) (C) cos B – cos C (D) sin(B + C)

a cos A  b cos B  c cos C

16. In a  ABC, the value of is equal to:
abc
a cos A  b cos B  c cos C
f=kHkqt ABC esa dk eku gS &
abc

r R R 2r
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
R 2r r R

17. In a triangle ABC, if a : b : c = 3 : 7 : 8, then R : r is equal to

;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa a : b : c = 3 : 7 : 8 gks] rks R : r gksxk &
(A) 2 : 7 (B*) 7 : 2 (C) 3 : 7 (D) 7 : 3

18*. Which of the following holds good for any triangle ABC?
fdlh Hkh ABC ds fy;s] fuEu esa ls lR; gS %&
cos A cos B cos C a2  b2  c 2 sin A sin B sin C 3
(A*) + + = (B*) + + =
a b c 2abc a b c 2R

cos A cos B cos C sin 2A sin 2B sin 2C

(C) = = (D) 2 = 2 =
a b c a b c2
19*. If r1 = 2r2 = 3r3 , then
;fn r1 = 2r2 = 3r3 , rks
a 4 a 5 a 3 a 5
(A) = (B*) = (C) = (D*) =
b 5 b 4 c 5 c 3

20*. In a ABC, following relations hold good. In which case(s) the triangle is a right angled triangle?
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa fuEufyf[kr lEcU/k lR; gSA fdl fLFkfr esa f=kHkqt ledks. k f=kHkqt gS \
(A*) r2 + r3 = r1  r (B*) a2 + b2 + c2 = 8 R2
(C*) r1 = s (D*) 2 R = r1  r
ab sa
21. In a triangle ABC, if = , then r1, r2, r3 are in:
bc sc
(A*) A.P. (B) G.P. (C) H.P. (D) none of these

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Solution of Triangle
ab sa
f=kHkqt ABC esa] ;fn = gks] rks r1, r2, r3 gS&
bc sc
(A) lekUrj Js <+ h es a (B) xq . kks Ùkj Js <+ h es a (C) gjkRed Js <+ h es a (D) bues a ls dks bZ ugha A

22. A triangle is inscribed in a circle. The vertices of the triangle divide the circle into three arcs of length 3,
4 and 5 units. Then area of the triangle is equal to:
fdlh o`Ùk esa ,d f=kHkqt cuk;k tkrk gSA f=kHkqt ds 'kh"kZ o`Ùk dks 3 bdkbZ] 4 bdkbZ ,oa 5 bdkbZ ds rhu pkiksa esa foHkkftr
djrs gks] rks f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy gS &
9 3 (1  3 ) 9 3 ( 3  1) 9 3 (1  3 ) 9 3 ( 3  1)
(A*) (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2 2 2 2

23. If in a triangle ABC, the line joining the circumcentre and incentre is parallel to BC, then
cos B + cos C is equal to :
(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 2 (D) 1/2
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa ifjdsUnz ,oa vUr%dsUnz dks feykus okyh js[ kk Hkqtk BC ds lekUrj gks] rks cos B + cos C dk eku
gS &
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 1/2

24. If the incircle of the  ABC touches its sides at L, M and N as shown in
the figure and if x, y, z be the circumradii of the triangles MIN, NIL and
LIM respectively, where  is the incentre, then the
product xyz is equal to :
(A) R r2 (B) r R2
1 1
(C*) R r2 (D) r R2
2 2
;fn f=kHkqt ABC dk vUr%o`Ùk bldh Hkqtkvksa dks L, M ,oa N ij fp=kkuql kj Li'kZ
djrk gS rFkk ;fn f=kHkqt MIN, NIL ,oa LIM dh ifjf=kT;k,¡ Øe'k% x, y ,oa z gks]
tgk¡ I vUr%dsUnz gS] rks xq. kuQy xyz dk eku gS &

(A) R r2 (B) r R2
1 1
(C) R r2 (D) r R2
2 2

r 1 A  tan B  tan C 
25. If in a ABC, = , then the value of tan   is equal to :
r1 2 2  2 2

1
(A) 2 (B*) (C) 1 (D) 3
2

1 r A tan  tan  B C
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] r = gks] rks tan   dk eku gS &
1 2 2  2 2

1
(A) 2 (B) (C) 1 (D) 3
2

 C
26. If in a ABC, A = , then tan is equal to
2 2
 C
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] A = gks] rks tan dk eku gS &
2 2
ac ab ac ab
(A) (B) (C) (D*)
2b 2c b c
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Solution of Triangle
(r1  r2 ) (r2  r3 )(r3  r1 )
27. In any ABC, is always equal to
Rs 2
(A) 8 (B) 27 (C) 16 (D*) 4
(r1  r2 ) (r2  r3 )(r3  r1 )
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa] dk eku lnSo fdlds cjkcj gksrk gS \
Rs 2
(A) 8 ds (B) 27 ds (C) 16 ds (D) 4

28. In aABC, if AB = 5 cm, BC = 13 cm and CA = 12 cm, then the distance of vertex ‘A’ from the side BC
is (in cm)
f=kHkqt ABC esa ;fn AB = 5 lseh-] BC = 13 lseh- ,oa CA = 12 lseh- gks] rks 'kh"kZ ‘A’ dh Hkqtk BC ls yEckbZ gS
(ls eh- es a ) –
25 60 65 144
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
13 13 12 13

29. If AD, BE and CF are the medians of a ABC, then (AD2 + BE2 + CF 2) : (BC2 + CA2 + AB2) is equal to
;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ABC dh ekf/;dk,¡ AD, BE ,oa CF gks] rks (AD2 + BE2 + CF2) : (BC2 + CA2 + AB2) dk eku gS &
(A) 4 : 3 (B) 3 : 2 (C*) 3 : 4 (D) 2 : 3

30*. In a triangle ABC, with usual notations the length of the bisector of internal angle A is :
f=kHkqt ABC esa ladsrksa ds lkekU; izpfyr vFkZ gS] rks vUr% dks. k A ds v/kZd dh yEckbZ gS &
A
2 bc cos A 2 bc sin A abc cos ec 2 . A
2 2 2
(A*) (B) (C*) (D*) b  c cos ec 2
bc bc 2R (b  c )

31. Let f, g, h be the lengths of the perpendiculars from the circumcentre of the  ABC on the sides BC, CA
a b c abc
and AB respectively. If   =  , then the value of '' is:
f g h f gh
ekukfd f=kHkqt ABC ds ifjdsUnz ls Hkqtkvksa BC, CA ,oa AB ij Mkys x;s yEcksa dh yEckbZ; k¡ Øe'k% f, g, h gSaA ;fn
a b c abc
  =  gks] rks '' dk eku gS&
f g h f gh
(A*) 1/4 (B) 1/2 (C) 1 (D) 2

32. In an acute angled triangle ABC, AP is the altitude. Circle drawn with AP as its diameter cuts the sides
AB and AC at D and E respectively, then length DE is equal to
,d U;wudks. k f=kHkqt ABC esa AP 'kh"kZyEc gSA AP dks O;kl ekudj [khapk x;k o`Ùk Hkqtkvksa AB ,oa AC dks Øe'k%
D ,oa E ij dkVrk gS ] rks DE dh yEckbZ gS &
   
(A) (B) (C) (D*)
2R 3R 4R R

33. AA1, BB1 and CC1 are the medians of triangle ABC whose centroid is G. If points A, C 1, G and B1 are
concyclic, then
(A) 2b2 = a2 + c2 (B) 2c2 = a2 + b2 (C*) 2a2 = b2 + c2 (D) 3a2 = b2 + c2
f=kHkqt ABC ftldk dsUnzd G gS] dh ekf/;dk,¡ AA1, BB1 ,oa CC1 gSA ;fn fcUnq A, C1, G ,oa B1 lepØh; gks] rks
(A) 2b2 = a2 + c2 (B) 2c2 = a2 + b2 (C) 2a2 = b2 + c2 (D) 3a2 = b2 + c2

34. If '' is the length of median from the vertex A to the side BC of a ABC, then
fdlh ABC esa 'kh"kZ A ls xqtjus okyh ekf/;dk dh yEckbZ '' gks] rks &
(A) 42 = b2 + 4ac cos B (B*) 42 = a2 + 4bc cos A
(C) 4 = c + 4ab cos C
2 2
(D) 42 = b2 + 2c2 – 2a2
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Solution of Triangle
35. In a ABC, a = 1 and the perimeter is six times the arithmetic mean of the sines of the angles. Then
measure of A is
f=kHkqt ABC esa] a = 1 vkSj ifjeki] dks. kksa dh T;kvksa ds lekUrj ek/; dk N% xquk gks] rks dks. k A dk eku gS &
   
(A) (B) (C*) (D)
3 2 6 4

36*. In a triangle ABC, right angled at B, then

AB  BC  AC AB  AC  BC AB  BC  AC s–r
(A*) r = (B) r = (C) r = (D*) R =
2 2 2 2
f=kHkqt ABC esa B ledks. k gS] rks
AB  BC  AC AB  AC  BC AB  BC  AC s–r
(A*) r = (B) r = (C) r = (D*) R =
2 2 2 2

37*. If in a triangle ABC, cos A cos B + sin A sin B sin C = 1, then the triangle is
(A*) isosceles (B*) right angled (C) equilateral (D) None of these
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa cos A cos B + sin A sin B sin C = 1 gks] rks f=kHkqt gS &
(A) lef}ckgq f=kHkq t (B) ledks.k f=kHkqt (C) leckgq f=kHkqt (D) bues a ls dks bZ ugha

38*. The product of the distances of the incentre from the angular points of a  ABC is:
f=kHkqt ABC ds 'kh"kks± ls vUr%dsUnz dh nwfj;ksa dk xq. kuQy gS
abc  R abc  r
(A) 4 R2 r (B*) 4 Rr2 (C) (D*)
s s

39*. In a triangle ABC, points D and E are taken on side BC such that BD = DE = EC. If angle
ADE = angle AED = , then:
(A*) tan = 3 tan B (B) 3 tan = tanC
6 tan 
(C*) = tan A (D*) angle B = angle C
tan2   9
f=kHkq t ABC es a ] Hkq t k BC ij fcUnq D ,oa E bl iz d kj fy, tkrs gS a fd BD = DE = EC. ;fn
 ADE =  AED = gks ] rks &
(A) tan = 3 tan B (B) 3 tan = tan C
6 tan 
(C) = tan A (D) dks . k B = dks . k C
tan2   9

40*. Three equal circles of radius unity touches one another. Radius of the circle touching all the three
circles is :
bdkbZ f=kT;k ds rhu leku o`Ùk ,d nwl js dks Li'kZ djrs gSA rhuksa o`Ùkksa dks Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùk dh f=kT;k gS &
2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2
(A*) (B) (C*) (D)
3 2 3 2

41*. With usual notations, in a  ABC the value of  (r1  r) can be simplified as:
lkekU; ladsrkuql kj f=kHkqt ABC esa  (r1  r) dk ljyhd`r eku gS &

A a bc2
(A*) abc  tan (B) 4 r R2 (C*) 2 (D*) 4 R r2
2 R a  b  c

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Solution of Triangle
ASSERTION / REASONING
dFku @ dkj.k (ASSERTION / REASONING)

1. STATEMENT-1 : In a triangle ABC, the harmonic mean of the three exradii is three times the inradius.
STATEMENT-2 : In any triangle ABC, r1 + r2 + r3 = 4R.
dFku -1 : ,d f=kHkqt ABC esa] ckg~; f=kT;kvksa dk gjkRed ek/;] vUr% f=kT;k dk rhu xquk gksrk gSA
dFku -2 : fdlh ABC esa] r1 + r2 + r3 = 4R
(A) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C*) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false
(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C*) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA
(E) lHkh dFku vlR; gSA

2. STATEMENT-1 : If R be the circumradius of a ABC, then circumradius of its excentral 123 is 2R.
R
STATEMENT-2 : If circumradius of a triangle be R, then circumradius of its pedal triangle is
.
2
(A*) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(B) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is true and STATEMENT-2 is not correct explanation for
STATEMENT-1
(C) STATEMENT-1 is true, STATEMENT-2 is false
(D) STATEMENT-1 is false, STATEMENT-2 is true
(E) Both STATEMENTS are false

dFku-1 : ;fn ,d ABC dh ifjf=kT;k R gS] rks cfg"dsUnzh; 123 ds ckÐ; dsUnz dh ifjf=kT;k 2R gksxhA
R
dFku-2 : ;fn ,d f=kHkqt dh ifjf=kT;k R gS] rks blds ifnd f=kHkqt dh ifjf=kT;k gksxhA
2
(A*) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2, dFku&1 dk lgh Li"Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA
(E) lHkh dFku vlR; gSA

COMPREHENSION
vuqP Ns n (COMPREHENSION)

Comprehension # 1 (Q. No. 1 to 4)

The triangle DEF which is formed by joining the feet of the altitudes
of triangle ABC is called the Pedal Triangle.
Answer The Following Questions :

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Solution of Triangle
vuqPNsn # 1
f=kHkqt ABC 'kh"kZ yEcksa iknksa dks feykus ls cuk f=kHkqt DEF fn, x, f=kHkqt dk ifnd f=kHkqt dgykrk gS]

fuEu ç'uksa ds mÙkj nhft,

1. Angle of triangle DEF are

(A*)  2A,  2B and  2C (B)  2A,  2B and  2C
(C)  A,  B and  C (D) 2 A, 2 B and 2 C
f=kHkqt DEF ds dks. k gS
(A)  2A,  2B vkS j  2C (B)  2A,  2B vkS j  2C
(C)  A,  B vkS j  C (D) 2 A, 2 B vkS j 2 C

2*. Sides of triangle DEF are

f=kHkqt DEF dh Hkqtk,sa gS&
(A) b cosA, a cosB, c cosC (B*) a cosA, b cosB, c cosC
(C*) R sin 2A, R sin 2B, R sin 2C (D) a cotA, b cotB, c cotC

3. Circumraii of the triangle PBC, PCA and PAB are respectively
f=kHkqt PBC, PCA rFkk PAB dh ifjf=kT;k,sa Øe'k% gS&
(A*) R, R, R (B) 2R, 2R, 2R (C) R/2, R/2, R/2 (D) 3R, 3R, 3R

4*. Which of the following is/are correct

Perimeter of DEF r
(A*)  (B*) Area of DEF = 2  cosA cosB cosC
Perimeter of ABC R

R
(C*) Area of AEF =  cos2A (D*) Circum-radius of DEF =
2
fuEu esa ls dkSulk lgh gS&
f=kHkqt DEF dk ifjeki r
(A) = (B) f=kHkq t DEF dk {ks =kQy = 2  cos A cos B cos C
f=kHkqt ABC dk ifjeki R

R
(C) f=kHkq t AEF dk {ks=kQy =  cos2 A (D) f=kHkq t DEF dh ifjf=kT;k =
2

Comprehension # 2 (Q. 5 to 8)
vuqPNsn # 2
The triangle formed by joining the three excentres 1, 2 and 3 of  ABC is called the excentral or
excentric triangle and in this case internal angle bisector of triangle ABC are the altitudes of triangles
I1I2I3
f=kHkqt ABC ds rhu cfg"dsUnzks 1, 2 rFkk 3 dks feykus ls cuk f=kHkqt cfg"dsUæh; f=kHkqt dgykrk gS rFkk bl fLFkfr
esa  ABC ds vkUrfjd dks. k v)Zd f=kHkqt I1I2I3 ds 'kh"kZ yEc gSA

5. Incentre  of  ABC is the ......... of the excentral  1 2 3.

(A) Circumcentre (B*) Orthocentre (C) Centroid (D) None of these
f=kHkqt ABC dk vUr%dsUæ I , cfg"dsUæ f=kHkqt 1 2 3 dk ........., gS&
(A) ifjdsUæ (B) yEcdsUæd (C) dsUæd (D) buea s ls dks bZ ugha

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Solution of Triangle
6. Angles of the  1 2 3 are
 A  B  C  A  B  C
(A*)  ,  and  (B)  ,  and 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  
(C) – A, – B and –C (D) None of these
2 2 2
f=kHkqt 1 2 3 ds dks.k gS&
 A  B  C  A  B  C
(A)  ,  rFkk  (B)  ,  rFkk 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  
(C) – A, – B rFkk –C (D) buea s ls dks bZ ugha
2 2 2

7. Sides of the  1 2 3 are

A B C A B C
(A) Rcos , Rcos and Rcos (B*) 4R cos , 4R cos and 4R cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C
(C) 2Rcos , 2Rcos and 2Rcos (D) None of these
2 2 2
f=kHkqt 1 2 3 dh Hkqtk,sa gS&
A B C A B C
(A) Rcos , Rcos rFkk Rcos (B) 4R cos , 4R cos rFkk 4R cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C
(C) 2Rcos , 2Rcos rFkk 2Rcos (D) buea s ls dks bZ ugha
2 2 2

8. Value of 12 + 232 = 22 + 312 = 32 + 122 =

12 + 232 = 22 + 312 = 32 + 122 = dk eku gS&
(A) 4R2 (B*) 16R2 (C) 32R2 (D) 64R2

MATCH THE COLUMN

dkWye dks lqesfyr dhft, (MATCH THE COLUMN )

1. Match the column

Column–  Column–

(A) In a ABC, 2B = A + C and b2 = ac. (p) 8

2
a (a  b  c )
Then the value of is equal to
3abc

a2  b2  c 2
(B) In any right angled triangle ABC, the value of (q) 1
R2
is always equal to (where R is the circumradius of ABC)

(C) In a ABC if a = 2, bc = 9, then the value of 2R is equal to (r) 5

(D) In a ABC, a = 5, b = 3 and c = 7, then the value of (s) 9

3 cos C + 7 cos B is equal to
Ans. (A)  (q), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (r)

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Solution of Triangle
feyku dhft,
LrEHk –  LrEHk –

(A) fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa, 2B = A + C vkSj b2 = ac gks] rks (p) 8

a 2 (a  b  c )
dk eku gksxk&
3abc

a2  b2  c 2
(B) fdlh ledks. k f=kHkqt ABC esa, dk eku ges'kk gksrk gS& (q) 1
R2
(tgk¡ R, ABC dh ifjf=kT;k gS )

(C) fdlh ABC esa] ;fn a = 2, bc = 9 gks] rks 2R dk eku gS& (r) 5

(D) fdlh ABC esa, a = 5, b = 3 vkSj c = 7 gS] rc (s) 9

3 cos C + 7 cos B dk eku gks xk&
Ans. (A)  (q), (B)  (p), (C)  (s), (D)  (r)

2. Match the column

Column – Column – 

(A) In a ABC, a = 4, b = 3 and the medians AA1 and BB1 are (p) 27
mutually perpendicular, then square of area of the ABC
is equal to

r1 r2 r3
(B) In any ABC, minimum value of is equal to (q) 7
r3

C 7
(C) In a ABC, a = 5, b = 4 and tan = , then side ‘c’ (r) 6
2 9
is equal to

(D) In a ABC, 2a2 + 4b2 + c2 = 4ab + 2ac, then value of (8 cos B) (s) 11
is equal to
Ans. (A)  (s), (B)  (p), (C)  (r), (D)  (q)

feyku dhft,
LrEHk –  LrEHk –
(A) fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa, a = 4, b = 3 rFkk ekf/;dk,a AA1 vkSj BB1 ijLij (p) 27
yEcor~ gS rc ABC ds {ks=kQy ds oxZ dk eku gksxk &
r1 r2 r3
(B) fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa] dk U;wure eku gS& (q) 7
r3

C 7
(C) ;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa, a = 5, b = 4 vkSj tan = gks] rks (r) 6
2 9
Hkqtk c dk eku gksxk &

(D) f=kHkqt ABC esa, 2a2 + 4b2 + c2 = 4ab + 2ac, rc 8 cos B dk eku gksxk& (s) 11
Ans. (A)  (s), (B)  (p), (C)  (r), (D)  (q)

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Solution of Triangle

 Marked Questions may have for Revision Questions.

 fpfUgr iz ' u nks g jkus ;ks X; iz ' u gS A

PART - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - I : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u
* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
* fpfUgr iz ' u ,d ls vf/kd lgh fodYi okys iz ' u gS -

1. If n is the area of n sided regular polygon inscribed in a circle of unit radius and O n be the area of the

 2 
On 1  1   2 n  
polygon circumscribing the given circle, prove that n =  .
2   n  
 
[IIT-JEE-2003, Main.,(4)/60]
;fn bdkbZ f=kT;k ds o`Ùk ds vUrxZr n-Hkqtkvksa dk ,d lecgqHkqt cuk;k tkrk gS ftldk {ks=kQy n gS rFkk fn, x,
 2 
O   2 n  
o`Ùk ds ifjxr fufeZr cgqHkqt dk {ks=kQy On gks] rks fl) dhft, fd n = n  1  1    .
2   n  
 
[IIT-JEE-2003, Main.,(4)/60]

2. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 4 : 1 : 1, then the ratio of the longest side to the perimeter is–
[IIT-JEE-2003, Scr., (3, –1)/84]
;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ds dks. kksa dk vuqikr 4 : 1 : 1 gks] rks mldh lcls yEch Hkqtk dh yEckbZ ,oa mlds ifjeki dk vuqikr
gS & [IIT-JEE-2003, Scr., (3, –1)/84]
(A*) 3 : (2 + 3) (B)1 : 3 (C) 1 : 2 + 3 (D) 2 : 3

3. If a,b,c are the sides of a triangle such that a : b : c = 1 : 3 : 2, then ratio A : B : C is equal to –
[IIT-JEE-2004, Scr., (3, –1)/84]
fdlh f=kHkqt ABC dh Hkqtk,¡ a,b,c, bl çdkj gS fd a : b : c = 1 : 3 : 2 gS] rks f=kHkqt ds dks. kksa dk vuqikr
A : B : C gks xk&
[IIT-JEE-2004, Scr., (3, –1)/84]
(A) 3 : 2 : 1 (B) 3 : 1 : 2 (C*) 1 : 2 : 3 (D) 1 : 3 : 2

4. In an equilateral triangle, 3 coins of radii 1 unit each are kept so that they touch each other and also the
sides of the triangle. Area of the triangle is [IIT-JEE - 2005, Scr- (3, – 1), 84]
bdkbZ f=kT;k ds rhu flDds leckgq f=kHkqt esa bl izdkj j[ks gS fd os ijLij rFkk f=kHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa dks Li'kZ djrs
gS] rks f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy gS& [IIT-JEE - 2005, Scr- (3, – 1), 84]

7 3 7 3
(A) 4 + 2 3 (B*) 6 + 4 3 (C) 12 + (D) 3 +
4 4

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 Solution of Triangle
5. If a,b,c denote the lengths of the sides of a triangle opposite to angles A,B,C respectively of a ABC,
then the correct relation among a,b,c, A,B and C is given by – [IIT-JEE-2005, Scr., (3, –1)/ 84]
f=kHkqt ABC esa] dks.kksa A, B ,oa C ds lEeq[k Hkqtk,¡ Øe'k% a,b ,oa c gSA rks fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSuls lEcU/k lR; gS&
B C A A BC
(A) (b + c) sin   = a cos (B*) (b – c) cos = a sin  
 2  2 2  2 

A BC BC A
(C) (b – c) cos = 2a sin   (D) (b – c) sin   = a cos
2  2   2  2

6. Circles with radii 3, 4 and 5 touch each other externally. If P is the point of intersection of tangents to
these circles at their points of contact, find the distance of P from the points of contact.
[IIT-JEE-2005, Main.,(2)/60]
Incircle3, 4 ,oa 5 f=kT;kvksa okys o`Ùk ,d nwljs dks ijLij cká Li'kZ djrs gSA ;fn bu o`Ùkksa ds Li'kZ fcUnqvksa ij [khaph xbZ
Li'kZ js[ kkvksa dk izfrPNsn fcUnq P gks] rks Li'kZ fcUnqvksa ls P dh nwj h Kkr dhft,A[IIT-JEE-2005, Main.,(2)/60]
Ans. 5

7. Given an isosceles triangle, whose one angle is 120° and radius of its incircle is 3 unit. Then the area of
the triangle in sq. units is [IIT-JEE-2006, Main.,(3, –1)/184]
fdlh fn;s x;s ,d lef}ckgq f=kHkqt dk ,d dks. k 120° ,oa blds vUr%o`Ùk dh f=kT;k 3 bdkbZ gS] rks f=kHkqt dk
{ks=kQy oxZ bdkbZ esa gSa & [IIT-JEE-2006, Main.,(3, –1)/184]
(A) 7 + 12 3 (B) 12 – 7 3 (C*) 12 + 7 3 (D) 4

8.* Internal bisector of A of triangle ABC meets side BC at D. A line drawn through D perpendicular to AD
intersects the side AC at E and the side AB at F. If a, b, c represent sides of ABC, then
[IIT-JEE-2006, Main.,(5, –1)/184]
2bc A
(A*) AE is HM of b and c (B*) AD = cos
bc 2
4bc A
(C*) EF = sin (D*) the triangle AEF is isosceles
bc 2
f=kHkqt ABC ds vUr%dks.k A dk lef}Hkktd Hkqtk BC dks D ij feyrk gSA AD ds yEcor~ D ls xqtjrh gqbZ ,d js[kk Hkqtk
AC dks E ij rFkk Hkq tk AB dks F ij iz frPNs n djrh gS A ;fn a, b, c f=kHkq t ABC dh Hkq tkvks a dks izn f'kZ r djrs gks ] rks
& [IIT-JEE-2006, Main.,(5, –1)/184]
2bc A
(A) b ,oa c dk gjkRed ek/; AE gS A (B) AD = cos
bc 2
4bc A
(C) EF = sin (D) f=kHkq t AEF lef}ckgq f=kHkq t gS A
bc 2

9. Let ABC and ABC be two non-congruent triangles with sides AB = 4, AC = AC = 2 2 and angle B= 30º.
Find the absolute value of the difference between the areas of these triangles.
[IIT-JEE 2009, Paper-2, (4, –1), 80]
eku yhft, ABC o ABC nks vlok±xle (non-congruent) f=kHkqt gSa ftudh Hkqtk,¡ AB = 4, AC = AC = 2 2 rFkk dks.k
B = 30º gSaA bu f=kHkqtksa ds {ks=kQyksa ds vUrj dk fujis{k eku (absolute value) Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 4
A
10*. In a triangle ABC with fixed base BC, the vertex A moves such that cos B + cos C = 4 sin2 . If a, b and c
2
denote the lengths of the sides of the triangle opposite to the angles A, B and C respectively, then
(A) b + c = 4a (B*) b + c = 2a
(C*) locus of points A is an ellipse (D) locus of point A is a pair of straight lines

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Solution of Triangle
A
fu;r vk/kkj BC okys f=kHkqt ABC dk 'kh"kZ fcUnq A bl izdkj xfreku gS fd cos B + cos C = 4 sin2 . ;fn
2
a, b ,oa c Øe'k% f=kHkqt ds dks.kksa A, B ,oa C dh lEeq[k Hkqtkvksa dh yEckb;ksa dks iznf'kZr djrs gSa] rc
(A) b + c = 4a [IIT-JEE 2009, Paper-1, (4, –1)/ 80]

(B*) b + c = 2a
(C*) fcUnq A dk fcUnq iFk ,d nh?kZo`Ùk gSA
(D) fcUnq A dk fcUnq iFk ,d ljy js[kk ;qXe (pair of straight lines) gSA

11. If the angle A, B and C of a triangle are in arithmetic progression and if a, b and c denote the lengths of the
a c
sides opposite to A, B and C respectively, then the value of the expression sin 2C + sin 2A is
c a

;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ds dks.k A, B ,oa C lekUrj Js<+h esa gSa rFkk dks.kksa A, B ,oa C dh lEeq[k Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ;k¡ Øe'k% a,
a c
b rFkk c gSa] rks O;atd sin 2C + sin 2A dk eku gS [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, –1), 84]
c a

1 3
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D*) 3
2 2

12. Let ABC be a triangle such that ACB = and let a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides opposite to A,
6
B and C respectively. The value(s) of x for which a = x2 + x + 1, b = x2 – 1 and c = 2x + 1 is (are)

ekukfd ABC ,d f=kHkqt gS ftlesa ACB = 6 rFkk A, B rFkk C dh lEeq[k Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ;k¡ Øe'k% a, b rFkk c gSaA
x ds og eku ftuds fy, a = x2 + x + 1, b = x2 – 1 ,oa c = 2x + 1 gksa] fuEu gSa


(A) – 2  3  (B*) 1 + 3 (C) 2 + 3 (D) 4 3
[IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-1, (3, 0), 84]

13. Consider a triangle ABC and let a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides opposite to vertices A, B and C
respectively. Suppose a = 6, b = 10 and the area of the triangle is 15 3 . If ACB is obtuse and if r denotes
the radius of the incircle of the triangle, then r2 is equal to [IIT-JEE 2010, Paper-2, (3, 0), 79]
fn;k gS fd fdlh f=kHkqt ABC ds 'kh"kksZ A, B ,oa C dh lEeq[k Hkqtkvksa dh yEckb;k¡ Øe'k% a, b ,oa c gSaA ekuk fd
a = 6, b = 10 rFkk f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy 15 3 gSA ;fn ACB vf/kd dks.k (obtuse angle) gS rFkk f=kHkqt ds vUr%o`Ùk dh
f=kT;k r gS] rks r2 dk eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans. 3
7 5
14. Let PQR be a triangle of area  with a = 2, b = and c = , where a, b and c are the lengths of the sides
2 2
2 sin P – sin 2P
of the triangle opposite to the angles at P, Q and R respectively. Then equals
2 sin P  sin 2P
7 5
f=kHkqt PQR dk {ks=kQy  gS ftlds fy, a = 2, b = vkSj c = gS] tgk¡ a, b vkSj c Øe'k% dks.k P, Q vkSj R dh
2 2
2 sin P – sin 2P
lEeq[k Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ;k¡ gaSA rc dk eku fuEu gS& [IIT-JEE 2012, Paper-2, (3, –1), 66]
2 sin P  sin 2P
2 2
3 45  3   45 
(A) (B) (C*)   (D)  
4 4  4   4 

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Solution of Triangle
1
15.* In a triangle PQR, P is the largest angle and cosP = . Further the incircle of the triangle touches the sides
3
PQ, QR and RP at N, L and M respectively, such that the lengths of PN, QL and RM are consecutive even
integers. Then possible length(s) of the side(s) of the triangle is (are)
1
f=kHkqt PQR es,a P o`gÙke dks.k gS rFkk cosP = 3 A blds vfrfjDr f=kHkqt dk vUr%o`Ùk Hkqtkvksa PQ, QR rFkk RP dks Øe'k%
N, L rFkk M ij bl rjg Li'kZ djrk gS fd PN, QL rFkk RM dh yEckbZ;k¡ Øekxr le iw.kZ la[;k,a gSA rc f=kHkqt dh
Hkqtk (Hkqtkvksa) dh lEHkkfor yEckbZ (yEckbZ;k¡) gS (gS)a [JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
(A) 16 (B*) 18 (C) 24 (D*) 22

16. In a triangle the sum of two sides is x and the product of the same two sides is y. If x 2 – c2 = y, where
c is the third side of the triangle, then the ratio of the in-radius to the circum-radius of the triangle is
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
3y 3y 3y 3y
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
2x( x  c ) 2c( x  c ) 4 x( x  c ) 4c( x  c )
,d f=kHkqt dh nks Hkqtkvksa dk ;ksx x gS rFkk mUgha Hkqtkvksa dk xq. kuQyu y gSA ;fn x 2 – c2 = y, tgk¡ c f=kHkqt dh
rhljh Hkqtk gS] rc f=kHkqt dh var%f=kT;k (in-radius) ,oa ifjo`r&f=kT;k (circum-radius) dk vuqikr (ratio) gS&
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
3y 3y 3y 3y
(A) (B*) (C) (D)
2x( x  c ) 2c( x  c ) 4 x( x  c ) 4c( x  c )

PART - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

Hkkx - II : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE ¼fiNys o"kksZ½ ds iz'u
1. The sum of the radii of inscribed and circumscribed circles for an n sided regular polygon of side 'a', is :
[AIEEE - 2003]
n Hkq tkvksa okys lecgqHkq t ftldh ,d Hkqtk dh yEckbZ 'a' gks ] ds fy, vUr% o`r rFkk ifjo`Ùk dh f=kT;kvks a dk ;ksx gks xk&

 a       a   
(1) a cot   (2*) cot   (3) a cot   (4) cot  
n 2  2n   2n  4  2n 

C A 3b
2. If in a triangle ABC, a cos2   + c cos2   = , then the sides a, b and c : [AIEEE - 2003]
2 2 2
(1*) are in A.P. (2) are in G.P. (3) are in H.P. (4) satisfy a + b = c.
C A 3b
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa] a cos2  2  + c cos2  2  = , rc Hkqtk,¡ a, b vkSj c gksxh& [AIEEE - 2003]
    2
(1*) lekUrj Js<+h esa (2) xq.kksÙkj Js<+h esa (3) gjkRed Js<+h esa (4) a + b = c dks lUrq"V djsxk

 
3. In a triangle ABC, medians AD and BE are drawn. If AD = 4, DAB = and ABE = , then the area of the
6 3
ABC is : [AIEEE - 2003]
 
;fn  ABC dh ekf/;dk;sa Øe'k% AD o BE gks rFkk ;fn AD = 4, DAB = o ABE = rks ABC dk {ks=kQy
6 3
gksxk&
8 16 32 64
(1) (2) (3*) (4) .
3 3 3 3 3

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Solution of Triangle

4. The sides of a triangle are sin, cos and 1  sin  cos  for some 0 <  < . Then the greatest angle of
2
the triangle is : [AIEEE - 2004]

;fn 0 <  < ds fy,] f=kHkqt dh Hkqtk;sa sin, cos o 1  sin  cos  gks] rks f=kHkqt dk lcls cM+k dks. k gksxk&
2
(1) 60º (2) 90º (3*) 120º (4) 150º

5. In a triangle ABC, let C = /2, if r is the inradius and R is the circumradius of the triangle ABC, then 2(r+R)
equals : [AIEEE - 2005 (3, 0), 225]
f=kHkqt ABC esa, ekuk C = /2 ;fn r f=kHkqt dh vUr%f=kT;k gks rFkk R f=kHkqt dh ifjf=kT;k gks] rks 2(r+R) gksxk&
(1) c + a (2) a + b + c (3*) a + b (4) b + c

6. If in a ABC, the altitudes from the vertices A,B,C on opposite sides are in H.P., then sinA, sinB, sinC are in:
[AIEEE - 2005 (3, 0), 225]
(1) HP (2) Arithemetico-Geometric Progression
(3*) AP (4) GP
f=kHkqt ABC esa 'kh"kZ A,B,C ls foijhr Hkqtk ij Mkys x;s yEc ;fn gjkRed Js<+h esa gks] rks sinA, sinB o sinC gksxsa&
(1) gjkRed Js <+ h es a (2) lekUrj&xq.kksÙkj Js<+h es a
(3*) lekUrj Js<+h es a (4) xq.kksÙkj Js<+h es a

7. For a regular polygon, let r and R be the radii of the inscribed and the circumscribed circles. A false statement
among the following is [AIEEE - 2010 (4, –1), 144]
r 1 r 2
(1) There is a regular polygon with  . (2*) There is a regular polygon with  .
R 2 R 3

r 3 r 1
(3) There is a regular polygon with  . (4) There is a regular polygon with  .
R 2 R 2
,d lecgqHkqt ds fy,] ekuk vUr%o`Ùk rFkk ifjo`Ùk dh f=kT;k,¡ Øe'k% r rFkk R gSA fuEufyf[kr esa ls dkSulk izdFku feF;k
gS ?
r 1 r 2
(1) ,d lecgqHkqt ,slk gS ftlds fy,  . (2*) ,d lecgqHkqt ,slk gS ftlds fy,  .
R 2 R 3

r 3 r 1
(3) ,d lecgqHkqt ,slk gS ftlds fy,  . (4) ,d lecgqHkqt ,slk gS ftlds fy,  .
R 2 R 2

8. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB and CD are parallel and BC  CD. If ADB =  , BC = p and CD = q, then
AB is equal to : [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –¼),360]
ABCD ,d ,slk leyac prqHkqZt gS ftlesa AB rFkk CD lekarj gSa rFkk BC  CD gSA ;fn ADB =  , BC = p rFkk
CD = q, gS] rks AB cjkcj gS : [AIEEE - 2013, (4, –¼),360]

(p 2  q2 ) sin  p 2  q2 cos  p 2  q2 (p 2  q2 ) sin 

(1*) (2) (3) (4)
p cos   q sin  p cos   q sin  p 2 cos   q2 sin  (p cos   q sin )2

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Solution of Triangle

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
fo"k;kRed iz 'u ¼SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS½

 A B
1. In a triangle ABC, if a tan A + b tan B = (a + b) tan   , prove that triangle is isosceles.
 2 

 A B
f=kHkqt ABC esa] ;fn a tan A + b tan B = (a + b) tan  2  gks] rks fl) dhft, fd f=kHkqt lef}ckgq gSA
 

A B C
2. In a ABC, if a, b and c are in A.P., prove that cos A.cot , cos B.cot , and cos C.cot are in A.P..
2 2 2
A B
;fn fdlh f=kHkqt ABC esa a, b ,oa c lekUrj Js<+h esa gks] rks fl) dhft, fd cos A.cot , cos B.cot ,oa
2 2
C
cos C.cot lekUrj Js<+h esa gSA
2

3. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB, DC are parallel and BC is perpendicular to them. If angle
(p 2  q 2 ) sin 
ADB = , BC = p and CD = q, show that AB = .
p cos   q sin 
leyEc prqHkZqt ABCD bl izdkj gS fd AB ,oa DC lekUrj gS rFkk BC buds yEcor gSA ;fn dks. k ADB = ,
(p 2  q2 ) sin 
BC = p ,oa CD = q gks ] rks iz n f'kZ r dhft, fd AB = .
p cos   q sin 

cos A  2 cos C sin B

4. If in a triangle ABC, cos A  2 cos B = prove that the triangle ABC is either isosceles or
sin C
right angled.
cos A  2 cos C sin B
;fn f=kHkqt ABC esa cos A  2 cos B = gks] rks fl) dhft, fd f=kHkqt ABC ;k rks lef}ckgq f=kHkqt gS ;k
sin C
ledks. k f=kHkqt gSA

Section (B) : Half angle formula, Area of Triangle

[k.M (B) : v)Z dks.k lw=k] f=kHkqt dk {ks=kQy

5. In a  ABC,  C = 60° and  A = 75°. If D is a point on AC such that the area of the BAD is 3 times
the area of the BCD, find the  ABD.
f=kHkqt ABC esa  C = 60° ,oa  A = 75° gSA ;fn Hkqtk AC ij ,d fcUnq D bl izdkj gS fdBAD dk {ks=kQy] f=kHkqt
BCD ds {ks =kQy dk 3 xq u k gS A ABD dk eku Kkr dhft,A
Ans.  ABD = 30°

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Solution of Triangle
Section (C) : Inradius, Circumradius of triangle and Ex-radii of triangle
[k.M (C) : f=kHkq t dh vUr%f=kT;k] ifjf=kT;k vkS j f=kHkq t dh ckg~;f=kT;k,s a
6. In a triangle ABC, prove that the area of the incircle is to the area of triangle itself is,

 A  B  C
: cot   . cot   . cot   .
 2  2  2
f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd vUr%o`Ùk ds {ks=kQy vkSj Lo;a bl f=kHkqt ds {ks=kQy dk vuqikr

 A  B  C
: cot   . cot   . cot   gS A
 2  2  2

7. Three circles, whose radii are a, b and c, touch one another externally and the tangents at their points
of contact meet in a point, prove that the distance of this point from either of their points of contact
1
 abc  2
is   .
abc 
rhu o`Ùk ftudh f=kT;k,¡ a, b, c gS] ,d nwl js dks ckg~; Li'kZ djrs gS rFkk muds Li'kZ fcUnqvksa ij Li'kZ js[ kk,¡ ,d
1
 abc  2
fcUnq ij feyrh gSA fl) dhft, fd bl fcUnq dh muds fdlh Li'kZ fcUnq ls nwj h   gS a A
abc 

8. In any ABC, prove that

f=kHkqt ABC esa fl) dhft, fd &

(i) (r3+ r1) (r3+ r2) sin C = 2 r3 r2 r3  r3 r1  r1r2

tan A
2
tan B
2
tan C
2 1
(ii)   
(a  b) (a  c ) (b  a)(b  c ) (c  a)(c  b) 

BC CA A B
(iii) (r + r1) tan + (r + r2) tan + (r + r3) tan =0
2 2 2

(iv) r 2  r12  r22  r32 = 16R2 – a2 –b2 – c2.

 r  r 
9. If  1  1   1  1  = 2, then prove that the triangle is right angled.
 r2   r3 

 r  r 
;fn  1  1   1  1  = 2 gks] rks fl) dhft, fd f=kHkqt] ledks. k f=kHkqt gSA
 r2  r3 

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Solution of Triangle
Section (D) : Length of medians, altitudes, angular bisectors. Distance of special points
from the sides and vertices of the triangle, distance between special points.
[k.M (D) : ekf/;dkvksa] 'kh"kZyEcksa] dks.kksa ds v)Zdksa dh yEckbZA dqN fo'ks"k fcUnqvksa dh f=kHkqt ds
'kh"kksZ ,oa Hkqtkvksa ls nwjh] fo'ks"k fcUnqvksa ds e/; nwjhA
a bc
10. In a triangle ABC, AD is the altitude from A. Given b > c, angle C = 23° and AD = , then find
b  c2
2

angle B.
a bc
f=kHkqt ABC esa AD, 'kh"kZ A ls 'kh"kZyEc gSA fn;k x;k gS fd b > c, dks. k C = 23° ,oa AD = , rks dks . k B dk
b  c2
2

eku Kkr dhft,A

Ans.  B = 113°

11. DEF is the triangle formed by joning the points of contact of the incircle with the sides of the triangle
ABC; prove that
A B C
(i) its sides are 2r cos , 2r cos and 2r cos ,
2 2 2
 A  B  C
(ii) its angles are – , – and –
2 2 2 2 2 2
and

23 1 r
(iii) its area is , i.e. .
(abc )s 2 R
f=kHkqt ABC dh Hkqtkvksa dks vUr%o`Ùk ftu fcUnqvksa ij Li'kZ djrk gS mudks feykus ls f=kHkqt DEF fufeZr gksrk gSA fl)
dhft, fd &
A B C
(i) bldh Hkqtk,¡ 2r cos , 2r cos ,oa 2r cos gSaA
2 2 2

 A  B  C
(ii) blds dks. k – , – ,oa – gSaA
2 2 2 2 2 2
vkSj

23 1 r
(iii) bldk {ks=kQy vFkkZr~  gS A
abcs 2 R

Corporate Office: CG Tower, A-46 & 52, IPIA, Near City Mall, Jhalawar Road, Kota (Raj.)-324005
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