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Jean Piaget: Cognitive Development Theory

Jean Piaget proposed a theory of cognitive development with four stages. The stages are sensorimotor (birth to 2 years), preoperational (2 to 7 years), concrete operational (7 to 11 years), and formal operational (11 years and beyond). Each stage is characterized by developing cognitive abilities like the formation of schemas, assimilation, accommodation, object permanence, symbolic thought, conservation, and hypothetical/analogical/deductive reasoning. Piaget's theory focused on how children's understanding of the world evolves as they interact with their environment.

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87 views1 page

Jean Piaget: Cognitive Development Theory

Jean Piaget proposed a theory of cognitive development with four stages. The stages are sensorimotor (birth to 2 years), preoperational (2 to 7 years), concrete operational (7 to 11 years), and formal operational (11 years and beyond). Each stage is characterized by developing cognitive abilities like the formation of schemas, assimilation, accommodation, object permanence, symbolic thought, conservation, and hypothetical/analogical/deductive reasoning. Piaget's theory focused on how children's understanding of the world evolves as they interact with their environment.

Uploaded by

aryel ricafranca
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JEAN PIAGET

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY


BASIC COGNITIVE CONCEPTS:
1. SCHEMA – the cognitive structure by which individuals intellectually adapt to and organized
their environment.
2. ASSIMILATION –the process of fitting new experience into an existing created schema.
3. ACCOMODATION – the process of creating a new schema
4. EQUILIBRIUM – achieving proper balance between assimilation and accommodation.

STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:


1. SENSORIMOTOR (birth to 2 years old) objective permanence
 Ability to attained in this stage where he knows that an object still exists even when out of
sight.
2. PREOPERATIONAL STAGE – (2 to 7 years old)
 Symbolic function – the ability to represent objects and events
 Egocentrism – the tendency of child to only see his point of view and assume everyone else
also his same point of view.
 Centration – the tendency of the child to only focus on one thing or event and exclude other
aspects.
 Lack of conservation – the inability to realize that some things remain unchanged despite
looking different.
 Irreversibility – pre operational child have the inability to reverse their thinking.
 Animism – the tendency of the child to attribute human likes to inanimate objects
 Realism – believing that psychological events such as dream are real
 Transductive reasoning – reasoning that is neither inductive nor deductive reasoning that
appears to be from particular to particular.
3. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE (7-11 years
 Decentering – the ability of child to perceive the different features of objects and situation.
 Conservation – the ability to know that certain properties of objects like number, mass,
volume or area do not change even if there is a change in appearance.
 Seriation – the ability to arrange things in a series based on one dimension such as weight,
volume and size etc.
4. FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE (11 years old and beyond)
 Hypothetical reasoning – ability to come up with different hypothesis about problem and
weigh data to make judgment.
 Analogical reasoning – ability to perceive the relationship in one instance and use that
relationship to narrow down possible answers in similar problems.
 Deductive reasoning – ability to think logically by applying a general rule to a particular
situation.

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