10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite Version 1.

0
common chores January 4, 2007

By Jeff Davis
Over the years, each new version of Excel has introduced some nifty features. However, buried within Excel are
lots of cool features that too few users have discovered. If you (or your users) perform certain tasks every time
you use Excel, you'll want to make sure you're taking advantage of these time-saving shortcuts.
Version note: These tips apply to Excel 2003, although most of them
work the same way in earlier versions of Excel.

Select All with one click

1 The next time you need to select an entire worksheet, click the
little gray box in the top-left corner of the sheet. As shown in
Figure A, it's the space above the row numbers and to the left of the
column letters. Why would you want to select the entire worksheet? Let's Figure A: Select the entire worksheet
count some of the ways: by clicking on the gray square above the
row numbers (and to the left of the
With the entire worksheet selected, you can copy it from one
column letters).
workbook (XLS file) and then paste it into a worksheet in a different
workbook. Selecting the whole worksheet ensures you won't
accidentally miss something. Note: If you want to make
a copy of a worksheet within the same book, just right-
click on the worksheet tab, choose Move or Copy, then
select the Create A Copy check box.
With the entire worksheet selected, you can quickly
and easily change the font in all cells or apply
formatting to all cells.
With the entire worksheet selected, you can double-
click on any line separating two column letters or the
line separating any two rows. Doing so tells Excel to
adjust the width of the columns or the height of the
rows to accommodate the data in the cells, which is
very helpful if you've just shrunk (or enlarged) the font
size of the text in your cells. Figure B: When you click the Format Painter tool,
Excel picks up the formatting (attributes of the
There are, of course, other ways to select all the cells in a current cell) and displays a paintbrush pointer.
worksheet. If you're a keyboard person, press [Ctrl]A. If
you're a menu person, go to Edit | Select All.

Copy formatting and apply it to

2 another cell or range
Once you learn to use the Format Painter tool
(which looks like a little yellow paintbrush on the Standard
toolbar), you'll wonder how you ever got by without it. To
format a cell (or cells), select a cell (or range of cells) that's
formatted the way you like and click Format Painter. Then,
click and drag to apply that formatting to another cell (or
range of cells).
Here’s an example. Start by manually formatting cell A1 as
Times New Roman 9, bold, and underlined and then use the Figure C: After you pick up the formatting of a cell,
Fill Color tool to make the background of the cell yellow. With click on any other cell or drag through a range or cells
cell A1 selected, click Format Painter. You'll notice that Excel to "paint" the cell(s) with the same formatting.
displays a paintbrush next to the cursor, as shown in Figure
B. While that paintbrush is visible, all you have to do is click (and/or drag) to apply all of the attributes from cell A1
to any other cells (Figure C).

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

Note: By default, Format Painter is a "once and out" function.

That is, if you click once on Format Painter and then paint a
cell or range of cells, Excel will stop painting as soon as you
release the mouse. If you want to paint a number of different
cells or range of cells, double-click on Format Painter. The
paint brush function will then continue painting cells as long
as you keep clicking. To turn off Format Painter after you've
double-clicked it, press [Esc].

Bonus tip
The cool thing about Format Painter is that it isn't limited to
picking up the attributes of one cell at a time. For example,
suppose you have applied different formatting attributes to
two or more cells in the same row or column, as we did in Figure D: If you apply different formats to multiple
Row 2 of Figure D. Using Format Painter, you can transfer all cells, you can paint all those formats at one time by
those formats to the rows below, as shown in Figure E. selecting the row before you click Format Painter.

3 Perform one-click data mining with

AutoFilter
If you support Excel users, AutoFilter will be a surefire hit,
both for beginners and for experienced users who haven’t
seen this feature in action before. Go to Data | AutoFilter, and
Excel will add drop-down arrows to the first cell in each
column of data in your sheet. When you click on any of those
drop-down arrows, Excel will display a list of the unique
entries in that column, as shown in Figure F. Just select the
desired entry to limit the display of records, as shown in
Figure G.

Figure E: Select a row or column, click Format

Painter, and then paint other rows and columns; Excel
will format the destination cells in the same pattern as
the cells in the original row or column.

Figure F: After you turn on AutoFilter, click on the Figure G: When we select Apples from the AutoFilter
drop-down arrow in a column header to display the drop-down list for column B, Excel hides all records
unique entries in that column. except those that match our selection.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

AutoFilter notes
If you look closely, you’ll notice that the color of the drop-down arrow changes from black to blue whenever you
make a selection. That change in color is a visual cue to remind you that your list has been filtered by a selection
from that column.
As you probably guessed, you aren’t limited to filtering the list on just one column. You can click on the drop-down
for two or more columns, and Excel will display only those records that match your selections in each column.
There are two ways to turn off AutoFilter. One is to click on each of the columns where you made an AutoFilter
selection and choose the (All) option. The other way is to go to Data | Filter and select Show All.

Press [Ctrl]~ to display formulas so

4 you can troubleshoot or debug
them
If you wanted to troubleshoot a formula in early versions of
Excel, you had to click on the cell containing the formula and
look at the formula itself in the Formula Bar. In more recent
versions of Excel, you can display your formulas by pressing
[Ctrl]~. If you want to view the dependent cells for a
particular cell, select it before you press [Ctrl]~.

To demonstrate this feature, open any worksheet that

contains at least one formula and press [Ctrl]~. Our sample
sheet contains two SUM functions. Figure H shows our
sheet after we selected cell B2 and then pressed [Ctrl]~.
Notice that when you press this key combination, Excel 2003
also displays the Formula Auditing toolbar. Figure H: Press [Ctrl]~ to display the formula in the
current cell, and Excel will indicate the cells that the
formula depends on for its calculation.

5 Generate a unique list of entries in a column

When you support or teach Excel users, one of the most common questions you’ll hear is, “I’ve got a list with a
thousand entries in a column, and many of those are duplicates. How do I generate a list of the unique entries in
that column?”
There are at least two good answers to that question. The first answer is to refer back to #3 above: Go to Data |
AutoFilter and then click the drop-down list for the column in question. Doing so lets you see the list of unique
entries onscreen. If seeing the list satisfies your need, you’re finished.
The second answer is the one to use if you want to have a list of the unique entries you can copy and paste
elsewhere. To generate such a list, you’ll use Data | Filter | Advanced Filter. To demonstrate how it works, we’ll
use the data in Column B from the sample sheet we introduced in Figure B.

1. Click on the column letter to select the entire column that contains your data and then copy it by pressing
[Ctrl]C, going to Edit | Copy, or clicking the Copy button on the Standard toolbar. (Select the whole column
because you’ll need the column header.)
2. Paste that data into a column away from your source data range or in a new sheet. After you paste the data, it
will still be selected. However, if you inadvertently deselect it, just make sure the cell pointer is located
anywhere in the data you pasted before you proceed. Note: You don’t have to select all the data or sort it first
for this tip to work.
3. Go to Data | Filter | Advanced Filter.
4. By default, Excel will suggest filtering the list “in-place.” There’s nothing wrong with that, but I recommend
copying the unique records to another location, so you can compare the two lists side by side.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

5. As shown in Figure I, select the Copy To Another

Location option, select the Unique Records Only check
box, and type B1 in the Copy To field.
6. Click OK, and Excel will copy the unique entries from the
source column into the new location. It will even sort
those entries in alphabetical order, as shown in Figure J.

Let Excel calculate your subtotals

6 for you
The Subtotals feature is yet another life-changing tool for
those who haven’t seen it before. In the old days, before the
Subtotals feature was introduced, here’s how you generated
subtotals: You’d sort your data, manually insert blank rows Figure I: Use the Advanced Filter options to tell Excel
between the groups of data you wanted to subtotal, and whether to filter in-place or to copy the unique records
manually insert the appropriate Sum functions. Many Excel to another location.
users still take that approach when they want to generate
subtotals, which is regrettable, since it provides many
opportunities for errors.

Here’s a quick walk-through of how to use Excel’s Subtotals

feature:
1. Save your worksheet under a work name. To do so, go to
File | Save As and add “_work” to the original filename.
Trust me, you don’t want to practice using the Subtotals
function using the only “good” copy of your worksheet. As
you’ll find when you sally forth into experimenting with
this feature, a misstep can make a mess of your data
that's hard to clean up.
2. Sort your data on the column by which you want to
subtotal. This is an important step, because the Subtotals Figure J: The Advanced Filter feature copied a sorted
feature doesn’t care if your data is sorted; it will simply list of the unique entries from the source data in
subtotal records in the order they appear. Column A.
3. Click anywhere in your source data and go to Data |
Subtotals. When you do, the Subtotal dialog box
will appear and Excel will take its best guess as to
the column on which you want to subtotal and the
function you want to use (Sum) for those subtotals.
(You can also generate subtotals using a host of
other functions, such as Average, Min, and Max.)
4. Click OK to generate the subtotals.

Figure K shows what our sample data looked like

before we generated the subtotals. Figure L shows the
results.

Figure K: Make sure you sort your data on the column

by which you want to subtotal before you go to Data |
Subtotals.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

Note
The Subtotals function doesn’t automatically expand
the width of the columns to accommodate the
subtotaled amounts or the labels. We had to widen
our columns before we captured the screen shot of
our worksheet to display the contents of columns A
and B.
At this point, direct your attention to the top-left corner
of the worksheet. You’ll see, in an extremely tiny font,
the numerals 1, 2, and 3. If you want to see only the
grand total line, click 1. Click the number 2, and Excel
will “roll up” the detail lines and display only the
subtotal and grand total rows, as shown in Figure M.
Click 3 to display the default view, which is all of the
details rows, the subtotals, and the grand total.

Subtotals notes
If you want to view the detail rows for just one of the
entries in your list, click the plus sign (+) beside that Figure L: Here’s what our worksheet looks like after we
row. To remove the subtotals and restore your generated subtotals of Amount by Client.
worksheet to its original state, go to Data | Subtotals
and click the Subtotal dialog box’s Remove All button.

7 Analyze selections with the

AutoCalculate menu
This is a handy tip for anyone who teaches
spreadsheet skills classes to adult learners. I use it to
open my Excel classes, and I have been surprised at
how many experienced Excel users have never heard
of it.
Figure M: Here, we opted to display only the subtotal and grand
Here's how it rolls. Create a new workbook and enter total rows.
some random text and numbers. Press the NumLock
key and confirm that you see NUM displayed in
Excel's Status bar at the bottom of the Excel
window.
Right-click in the vicinity of Ready in the bottom-
left corner of Excel's Status Bar to display the
incalculably valuable AutoCalculate menu. Gone
are the days when you manually key a few
numbers off of a sheet to get a quick total. Now
you can get it off the screen with a few clicks.
As Figure N shows, the AutoCalculate menu
calculates results on the fly and saves you the
trouble of setting up formulas to calculate things
like the sum, minimum, maximum, or average
values in the cells you've selected.
If you want to have fun, activate any of the
AutoCalculate menu options. Then, click and roll
through a range of cells that contain various Figure N: Right-click to display
entries and watch as Excel displays the changes the AutoCalculate menu, which
in the current calculation on the Status Bar. lets you perform six different
calculations on the cells you've
selected.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

It's a nice little feature whose only drawback is that you can't copy and paste the
results of the calculations. It's dynamic and view-only. Still, it's great for sanity
checks. For instance, you might be looking to the Count for what should be the
number of expected data rows plus the row for the column head. Just click on a
column head, and AutoCalculate will tell you how many cells in that column contain
values.

8 Love your [Ctrl] key—for three reasons

This three-fer will show why you should love and use your [Ctrl] key:
Reason 1—Fast navigation. When you press [Ctrl] and any arrow key (north, east,
south, or west), you jump to the last populated cell in that direction. Think of using
the [Ctrl]-arrow key shortcut as an alternative to pressing [Page Down] to find the
bottom row of a data set or pressing [Tab] to find the last column. Bonus tip: Hold Figure O: When you hold down
down the [Shift] key while you press any [Ctrl]-arrow key shortcut to select all the the [Ctrl] key, you can select
cells between where you are and where you jump with the [Ctrl] key. any cell or block of cells, and
AutoCalculate will calculate
Reason 2—You can make noncontiguous selections. That's a fancy way of results based on those
noncontiguous selections.
saying you can select any cells you want, regardless of whether they're
contiguous—next to each other in a row or column. Hold down the [Ctrl] key while
you click on a cell or click and drag through a range of cells. As long as you hold
down the [Ctrl] key, you can click and select to your heart's content.
Combine this tip with tip #7, and you can use the
AutoCalculate tool to analyze any combination of individual
cells or blocks of cells. Figure O shows our screen when
we used AutoCalculate to sum the cells we selected while
holding down the [Ctrl] key.

Reason 3—Fast data entry. Suppose you want to put the

same string, number, or formula into two or more cells.
Using the old-fashioned approach, you’d type the string, Figure P: We’ll use this sample data to demonstrate how
number, or formula into the first cell and then copy and easily you can transpose the layout of your data.
paste that entry into the destination cells. But there’s a
little-known time-saving tip that makes short work of
placing the same entry in multiple cells. First, select all the
cells you want to populate. Type the entry, but don’t press
[Enter]. Instead, press [Ctrl][Enter]. When you do, Excel will
copy what you typed into all of the selected cells.

Transpose data from a row to a

9 column, or vice-versa
Here’s a tip that eliminates the need to rekey
data. Suppose you’ve entered your data with three column
headings running across Row 1 and three row headings
running down Column A, as shown in Figure P.
After working with the data for a while, you decide you’d
rather have the current set of row labels (months) running
across the columns. Whatever you do, don’t even think
about rekeying the data.

Figure Q: The Transpose option lets you rearrange your

data with just a few clicks.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

You’ll find the best solution under the Paste Special

menu. Start by selecting and copying your entire data
range. Click on a new location in your sheet, then go to
Edit | Paste Special and select the Transpose check
box, as shown in Figure Q. Click OK, and Excel will
transpose the column and row labels and data, as
shown in Figure R.

Note
You aren’t limited to using the Paste Special | Transpose
option to rearrange multiple rows and columns of data. It
works just as well when you need to turn a single row of Figure R: Here’s what our data looks like after we copied
labels into a column, or vice-versa. and pasted our data using the Paste Special | Transpose
option.

10 Convert calculations to literal values

This jewel, like #9, is also found under Edit | Paste
Special. Experienced users may squawk that this tip doesn’t
qualify as obscure. However, I decided to include it because,
in teaching both beginning and advanced Excel classes to
thousands of adult learners over the years, I’ve met too many
people who never even heard of it--which is a crying shame.
Here’s how it works. Suppose you have a worksheet with
columns and rows chock full of calculations, running the gamut
from Sum functions to If tests to vertical and horizontal
lookups. The calculations are correct and your data is pristine.
You save the worksheet.
Now you need to use a subset of that worksheet in another
worksheet. If all you’re going to do is print the subset of
columns or rows, you can simply hide those rows and
columns, print what you need, and unhide the columns and
rows later to restore the sheet to its normal state.
But if you’re going to e-mail a copy of the spreadsheet to a
coworker or a third party, you may not feel comfortable simply Figure S: Go to Edit | Paste Special | Values to
hiding certain rows and columns. You may want to delete convert a selection that contains formulas to literal
them instead. The problem is, of course, if you simply start values.
deleting rows and columns, you’re going to get error
messages in the cells that depend on the cells you deleted.
The solution? First and foremost, save a copy of your pristine spreadsheet under a new name. Just go to File |
Save As and add “_work” to the end of the “real” name. Use the Select All tip (#1) to select the entire sheet and
then copy it. Without moving the cursor, go to Edit | Paste Special. Now, select the Values option, as shown in
Figure S, and click OK. When you do, Excel will replace all the formulas with the values they’re currently
calculating and displaying. At that point, you can delete columns or rows and move cells around without
generating a single error message.

Note
If you use the Paste Special | Values option and the data you’re pasting contains calculated dates or numbers
formatted as currency, the date calculations will be pasted as the Julian date value, and the currency will lose its
dollar signs and commas. To preserve that kind of formatting when you convert calculations to literals, simply
choose the Values And Number Formats option (instead of Values).

Jeff Davis is an IT project manager and consultant based in Louisville, KY, and is a frequent contributor to
TechRepublic. Check out his Help Desk blog here.

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10 obscure Excel tricks that can expedite common chores

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Version history
Version: 1.0
Published: January 4, 2007

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