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Experiment No.11: Objective

The experiment aims to determine the order and rate constant of the reaction between ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide using the integral method. Conductivity readings are taken over time as the reaction proceeds in a batch reactor. The data is plotted as 1/concentration versus time, showing a straight line indicating the reaction is second order. The slope is used to calculate the rate constant k as 5.229 × 10-4.

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Abdul Rehman
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63 views

Experiment No.11: Objective

The experiment aims to determine the order and rate constant of the reaction between ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide using the integral method. Conductivity readings are taken over time as the reaction proceeds in a batch reactor. The data is plotted as 1/concentration versus time, showing a straight line indicating the reaction is second order. The slope is used to calculate the rate constant k as 5.229 × 10-4.

Uploaded by

Abdul Rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

11

Objective:
To find order and rate constant of a reaction by using integral method.

Apparatus:
Beakers, stirrer, pipette, measuring cylinder, conductivity meter
Chemicals required:
 Distilled water
 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
 Ethyl acetate (C2H5COOCH3)
Theory:
The reaction between ethyl acetate and NaOH are exothermic and reversible. Low temperature
is favorable for the production of products and rate of forward reaction is high at low
concentration. High temperature leads to decrease the rate of forward reaction and increase the
rate of reverse reaction. At low temperature the value of conductivity is decreased as the
reaction proceeds but increases as the temperature is raised because the products are
breakdown to form reactants.
Here we find the rate by using the integral method of analysis. From given reaction data we plot
graph between concentration and time. Predict that the plot of a certain concentration versus
time yield a straight line or not. The data are plotted reasonably not a straight line then we plot
the data between 1/Ca and time. If it is straight line then the rate equation is said to satisfactory
fit the data.
Material safety data sheet:
Name of chemical Molecular formula Hazards

Procedure:
 Prepare 1N solution of NaOH and ethyl acetate.
 Take 50 mL of NaOH and 50 mL of ethyl acetate in a sperate beaker.
 Both reactants are send in the batch reactor for reaction.
 Insert the conductivity meter in it and measure the conductivity of the reaction mixture
after 20 seconds.
 Repeats the above procedure to take several readings.
 Check these conductivity versus concentration from the standard curve of NaOH which is
Made in first experiment and get equation from the graph 𝑦 = 0.1177ⅇ 0.0114𝑥 .
 Draw graph between concentration and time for prediction rate of reaction.
 Calculate the value of rate constant from the predicted rate equation.
Observation:
Serial No. Conductivity Concentration Time (second) 1/Concentration
(milli Siemen) (Normality)
1 127 0.4981 20 2.007

2 125.2 0.4874 40 2.051

3 122 0.4705 60 2.125

4 120 0.4599 80 2.174

5 118.2 0.4505 100 2.219

6 116 0.4394 120 2.275

7 113.9 0.4290 140 2.331

8 112 0.4198 160 2.382

9 110.1 0.4108 180 2.434

10 108.8 0.4047 200 2.471


Graph 1:

Graph between concentration and time


0.56

0.54

0.52

0.5
conncentration(N)

0.48

0.46

0.44

0.42

0.4

0.38
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
time(s)

Graph 2:

graph between 1/concentration and time


2.5 2.471
2.434
R² = 0.9978
2.382
2.4
2.331
1/concentraation (N)

2.275
2.3
2.219
2.174
2.2
2.125

2.1 2.051
2.007
2

1.9
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220
time(s)

Calculation for the value of k:


From the graph 2
We conclude that this is a second order reaction. Now,
−𝑟𝐴 = 𝑘𝐶𝐴2
ⅆ𝐶𝐴
− = 𝑘𝐶𝐴2
ⅆ𝑡
𝐶𝐴 − 𝐶𝐴0
= 𝑘𝐶𝐴2
𝑡𝐴 − 𝑡𝐴0
2.051 − 2.007
= 𝑘 × 2.0512
40 − 20
2 ⋅ 2 ∗ 10−3
𝑘=
2 ⋅ 5012
𝑘 = 5.229 ∗ 10−4
Put the value of k, then
−𝑟𝐴 = 5.229 ∗ 10−4 𝐶𝐴2

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