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Ece106 1

This laboratory report describes an experiment using a PCM encoder module to convert analog signals to digital signals. The objectives are to encode a fixed DC voltage, variable DC voltage, and continuously changing signal using PCM. The results show the binary codes output for different input voltages. Quantization error is also investigated. The report concludes that the PCM encoder outputs different codes continuously as the input voltage varies for each sample.

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Jel Coleen Lastimosa
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51 views

Ece106 1

This laboratory report describes an experiment using a PCM encoder module to convert analog signals to digital signals. The objectives are to encode a fixed DC voltage, variable DC voltage, and continuously changing signal using PCM. The results show the binary codes output for different input voltages. Quantization error is also investigated. The report concludes that the PCM encoder outputs different codes continuously as the input voltage varies for each sample.

Uploaded by

Jel Coleen Lastimosa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laboratory Report

Activity No. 14-1

PCM Encoding

In partial fulfilment for the course


ECE 106.1 (Digital Communications Laboratory)

Submitted by:
MELODY G. NOGAS
CHRISTIAN DAVE Q. PADAGAS
JEL COLEEN R. LASTIMOSA

AZELLE J. SULLA

Submitted to:
PROF. ANGILINE L. TEATRO
Introduction
Digital transmission systems are steadily replacing analog systems in commercial
communications applications. This is especially true in telecommunications. That being the case,
an understanding of digital systems is crucial for technical people in the communications and
telecommunications industries.

PCM is system for converting analog message signals to a serial stream of 0’s and 1’s. The
conversion process is called encoding.

Objectives
For this experiment, we’ll use the PCM module on the Emona DATEx to covert the
following to PCM; a fixed DC voltage, variable DC voltage and a continuously changing signal.
In the process, we can verify the operation of PCM encoding and investigate quantization error a
little.

Results:
Question 1: Question 2:

Start End
Start End

Question 3:

Bit 0 Bit 7

Question 4:
What is the binary number that the PCM Encoder module is outputting?
The number should be 10000000. But however, it will differ from unit to unit due to small amounts
of DC offset.

Question 5:
Why does the PCM Encoder module output this code for 0V DC and not 0000000?
So that the PCM encoder will send an output of voltages above and below 0V.

Question 6:
What happens to the binary number as the input voltages increases in the negative direction?
Ans: The number gradually becomes smaller.
Question 7:
What happens to the binary number as the input voltages increases in the positive direction?
Ans: The number gradually becomes bigger.

Question 8:
Based on the information in the table, what is the maximum allowable peak-to-peak voltages for
an AC signal on the PCM Encoder module’s input?
Ans: Commonly the 5Vp-p. The values in the table should be around ±2.5V.

Question 9:
Calculate the difference between the PCM Encoder module’s quantisation levels by subtracting
the values in the table and dividing the number by 256 (the number of codes).
(+2.5𝑉 − −2.5𝑉)
Ans: = 19.5mV
256

Question 10:
Why does the code on PCM Encoder module’s output change continuously?
Ans: Because the voltage is different for every sample input signal.

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