CUTTING EDGE THIRD EDITION ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ BOOK WITH DVD-ROM SARAH CUNNINGHAM PETER MOOR AND ARAMINTA CRACEGrammar focus Vocabulary BS TIE o1 PEOPLE AND PLACES page 06 02 PEOPLE AND THINGS page 16 03 YOUR LIFE page 24 04 LIKES AND DISLIKES page 34 05 FROM ATOB page 42 06 FOOD AND DRINK page 52 O7 LIFE STORIES page 60 be: positive forms be: positive and negative short forms Articles with jobs be: personal questions this/that, these/those Possessive 's have got Present simple: positive and negative (I, you, we, they) Present simple: questions and short answers (I, you, we, they) Present simple: positive and negative (he/she/it) Present simple: questions and short answers (he/ shelt) canican't: possibility and ability Articles: a/an, the and no article thereis and there are; some and any how much and how many Past simple: was/were Past simple: regular and irregular verbs Countries and nationalities Jobs Everyday objects Family ‘Common verbs Telling the time Places ina town Activities Phrases for time and frequency Transport Travelling Food: countable and uncountable nouns Food pairs Life events Past time phrases Reading and listening: What do you know? Test your knowledge of countries, languages and nationalities Reading: Family connections Reading: Brits at home ‘and abroad Listening: Life on a Scottish istand Listening: A typical pop star? Reading: Some people are life's winners! Reading: Nine things you didn't know about world travel Reading: Healthy diets ‘around the world Reading: An ordinary man an extraordinary business Listening: jackie Kennedy Onassis Study, Practice & Remember page 138, Audio scripts page 166, Irregular verb list page 175 ee ee assaaaaa..°&0 aates} Word stress Short forms — am, are, is Stress in questions and short answers Word stress this, that, these, those Short forms — has/have got Vocabulary - family ‘Stress and weak forms ~ questions ‘Stress and weak forms — telling the time Verb forms — he/she/it Strong and weak forms — does ‘Weak forms ~ prepositions ‘and articles Strong and weak forms — canican't Linking in sentences Stress on word pairs Strong and weak forms ~ wasiwere Regular past simple forms ~-ed endings Find information from documents Preparation: Reading Task: Speaking, Talk about your five favourite people Preparation: Listening ‘Task: Speaking Describe life in your favourite town Preparation: Reading and listening Task: Speaking Choose a holiday activity Preparation: Reading and listening, Task: Speaking Do a transport survey Preparation: Reading and listening, Task: Speaking Describe 2 favourite place toeat Preparation: Listening Speaking. Tella life story Preparation: Listening ‘Task: Speaking, Pesta NC World culture World culture Video and researc! Life in the Arctic Language live Writing: Completing a form Speaking: Answering questions World culture 10 and research: Indian railway Language live ‘Speaking: Meeting people Writing: Introducing a friend World culture Video and research: Race across London Language live Writing: Describe a place to eat Speaking: Ordering food and drink World culture Video and research: The Information Age RAE tee ensue Study and Practice 1, page 138 Study and Practice 2, page 138 Study and Practice 3, page 138 Study and Practice 4, page 138 Study and Practice 5, page 139 Remember these words, page 139 Study and Practice 1, page 140 Study and Practice 2, page 140 Remember these words, page 141 Study and Practice 1, page 142 Study and Practice 2, page 142 Study and Practice 3, page 143 Remember these words, page 143 Study and Practice 1, page 144 Study and Practice 2, page 144 Study and Practice 3, page 145 Remember these words, page 145 Study & Practice 1, page 146 Study & Practice 2, page 146 Remember these words, page 147 Study and Practice 1, page 148 Study and Practice 2, page 149, Remember these words, page 149 Study and Practice 1, page 150 Study and Practice 2, page 150 Study and Practice 3, page 151 Remember these words, page 151Oars 08 FACT OR FICTION? page 70 09 BUY AND SELL page 78 10 LOOK GooD page 88 11 NATURE page 96 12 Goon TIMES page 106 13 LIVE AND LEARN page 114 14 KEEP IN TOUCH page 124 Grammar focus Past simple: negative form Past simple: question form Comparative adjectives Superlative adjectives Present continuous Present simple or continuous? Question words Quantifiers:a lot of, alittle, 2 few, not any, not much, not many going to for future intentions would like to and want to for future wishes have to and don'thave to ‘might and will Present perfect (unfinished time) Present perfect (. ever) Nore CIN Adjectives to describe stories Entertainment Describing objects Shops and services Clothes Describing personality ‘Animals and natural features Big numbers Celebrations and parties Weather and seasons School and university subjects Education and training, Ways of communicating Technology BS) <1 C3 Listening: We Will Rock You ~ a song and a musical Reading: Top five unusual shops Listening: Clothes at work Reading: Working animals Listening: Intelligent animals Listening: South Africa Reading: Celebrating the seasons Listening: Two career paths Reading: From slates to iPads ... Language learning ‘then, now and in the future Reading: Mind-blowing facts about modern communication Study, Practice & Remember page 138, Audio scripts page 166, Irregular verb list page 175lure) Linking — did you Stress — comparative adjectives Vocabulary ~ clothes Vocabulary — numbers Weak forms — going to Weak forms and linking ~ have to/don'thave to Strong and weak forms ~ have (Present perfect) Talk about an evening in or out Preparation: Listening, Task: Speaking Choose souvenirs from your country Preparation: Listening Task: Speaking ‘Analyse your personality Preparation: Reading and listening, Task: Speaking Devise a general knowledge quiz Preparation: Reading and listening Task: Speaking Plan a festival Preparation: Reading Task: Speaking Complete a careers questionnaire Preparation: Reading Task: Speaking Take part ina game Preparation: Reading and listening ‘Task: Speaking eats eta RaU tat Language live Speaking: Arranging an evening out Writing: Arranging an evening out World culture Video and research: Famous markets Language live Speaking: Asking for ‘goods and services Writing: Describing people World culture Video and research: Animals in danger Language live Writing: Information to promote a festival Speaking: Suggestions and offers World culture Video and research: A dream come true Language live Speaking: Telephoning Writing: A text message Sac Ces Study and Practice 1, page 152 Study and Practice 2, page 152 Remember these words, page 153 study and Practice 1, page 154 Study and Practice 2, page 154 Remember these words, page 155 Study and Practice 1, page 156 Study and Practice 2, page 156 Remember these words, page 157 Study and Practice 1, page 158 Study and Practice 2, page 158 Remember these words, page 159 Study and Practice 1, page 160, Study and Practice 2, page 160, Remember these words, page 161 Study and Practice 1, page 162 Study and Practice 2, page 162 Remember these words, page 163 ‘Study and Practice 1, page 164 Study and Practice 2, page 164 Remember these words, page 165IN THIS UNIT eee Cee eRe ne oT nee arid eg Bue te Seat ue Creer Ee ert ey trainers a shire b Can you add three more items of clothing to the box? © Which of the items of clothing in the box are usually worn by (2) men (b) women (c) men and women? 1 (10.1 Listen to the pronunciation ofthe word in exercise a, 2 Practise saying the words.Grammar focus 1 Present continuous Read the sentences and look at the picture. Use the information to label each person in the picture. 1 Tom and Val are sitting on the grass. 2 Valis sending a text message. 3 Tom is wearing a blue shirt. 4 Mel and Kim are having lunch, 5 Mel is wearing jeans. 6 Kim is eating a sendwich 7 Denzil is wearing a tie. 8 Pippa is looking at her watch. 9 Frank is listening to music. We use the Present continuous for actions happening ‘now or around now. Complete the gaps below. Vm + He/She You/We/They're I'm not = Helshe ee wearing a tie You'We/they aren't ‘What am ? he/she What are yourwerthey doing? reading anewspaper. PRACTICE Look at the picture again for two minutes. b Turn to page 136 and answer as many questions as you can. Don't look at the picture, Make true sentences for you. 1 Git) near the door. I'm not sitting near the door. I'm sitting near the window. 1 | (wear) jeans today. 2 We (listen) to music at the moment, 3 | (work) alone on this exercise. 4 The sun (shine) today. 5 The teacher (write) on the board. 6 1 (hold) my pen in my left hand. Work in pairs and compare your sentences. Write five more sentences to describe what other people in the class are/aren't wearing or doing. Compare your sentences with other students.2a Listening Clothes at work ‘Work in pairs and discuss. + Do you wear a uniform at school or work? If 0, what do you think about it? If not, would you lke to wear a uniform? + Who wears a uniform in your country? Which uniforms do you like best? Why? What do you think these four people wear at work? Katie, female, aged 22, shop assistant Marlon, male, aged 29, personal trainer Louisa, female, aged 37, company director ‘Sam, male, aged 34, IT manager (© r0.2Listen to Katie, Marion, Louisa and ‘Sam talking about what they wear at work. Write K (Katie), M (Marion), L (Louisa) or 'S (Sam) next to the items in the box. uniform — trainers tracksuit trousers earrings atie a skirt suit adress asports shirt shorts trousers a jacket Jewellery ashire Listen again. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? Katie wears a uniform at work She likes the clothes she wears to work Marion likes the look of sports clothes. He pays forall his work clothes. in her work clothes. She loves the clothes she wears to work. Sam always wears smart clothes at work. He usually wears a dark coloured tie. axe ‘Work in pairs and discuss. * What clothes do you usually wear at work? Why? + Do you think the clothes people wear at ‘work are important? Give examples of different jobs. Louisa wants to look confident and reliable Grammar focus 2 Present simple or continuous? la Work in pairs. Look at the photos of Katie, Marton, Louisa and Sam at a fancy-dress party and discuss. ‘+ What are Katie, Marlon, Louisa and Sam wearing, to the party? + What do you think is the ‘theme’ of the party? Read the text below and check your ideas. It’s Saturday evening. Normally, when Katie is at work, she wears cool, styl clothes. Tonight, she looks like a Spa ddancer— she's wearing a red dress en black shoes. She's also gota flower in her hait Marion usually wears spo clothes, bt this evening he is Sherloal Holmes. He's wearing a suit and the famous Sherlock Holmes hat! Louisa usually wears a smart suit at work, bul tonight she looks very different. She is ‘wearing a long white dress and looks like the Statue of Liberty. When Sam at work, he wears a shirt and te and always looks smart. Ths evening het ‘wearing a spaceman costume and is completely covered from head ta tox Why are they all wearing these clothe They are going to a fancy- Useful language a-c Work in groups. Tell other students about your personality or your partner’s personality. Film/Record yourself talking SS eas Peanreenn ss Discuss the questions. + How true was the information about your personality SS and your partner's personality? other students + Do you think this is a good way of analysing someone's personality?Speaking Asking for goods and services ‘Work in pairs. How many shops can you think of in cone minute? Put the words/phrases in the box into the categories below. ‘an appointment a haircut hairspray insults you larger size too big too small tryiton wash Not too short How would youllke get + ata hairdresser's + ina clothes shop Watch the video. Number the words/phrases in ‘exercise 2 in the order you hear them, ‘Watch again and answer the questions. Ata hairdresser’s 1 Does the young man have an appointment? 2. How does he want his haircut? 3 How much does the haircut cost? 4 Why is the young man unhappy? Ina clothes shop 5 How many jackets does the man try on? 6 Do the two women like the first jacket? 7 What is the problem with the second jacket and the thied jacket? 8 Which jacket does the young man decide to buy in the end? Complete the phrases. Ata hairdresser's vid haircut, please. 2 Do you have an ? 3. How would you like your cut? 4 Not short, but not —_ long, 5 Do you want a ? 6 No, thanks. Justa. that? Do you like it? do lowe you? Ina clothes shop 1 What do you 2 2 The colour’s OK, but it’s __ small 3 Have you got this in a larger ? 4 Tyit 5 It’s no good. It's big 6 like that. It you 7 We'll_____ this one. 8 How would you lke 2 ) Watch and listen to the key phrases and check your answers. Geen) 1. Watch and listen again to the key phrases. 2 Practise saying them, Work in pairs. Prepare your own conversation at a hairdresser’s or ina clothes shop. Use as many of the key phrases in exercise 4a as possible. Practise your conversation,Writing ‘Complete the table below with the words/phrases + inthe box. Describing ins early twenties short hal Look atthe photos below and answer the questions. reading a newspaper blonde hae carrying a beg standing up Who: in her teens good-looking. 1 has got grey har? medium-length hair sitting down 2 has got blue eyes? holding a book wearing lipstick 3 isslim? ‘ance person in her late thirties 4 is wearing a white T-shirt? 5 isinhis forties? 6 has got curly hair? He/She is He/She has got . 7 is reading a newspaper? 8 is wearing casual clothes? 9 is wearing smart clothes? 10 has got long straight hair? 11 has got a pony tail? 12 is wearing a leather jacket? in is early twenties Read the description below. Which person in the photos do you think it is? ‘This person is good-looking. She's probably inher late thirties. She's slim and she's got medium-Jength curly hair, She's got blue eyes ‘and she's wearing red lipstick and a small pair of earrings. Her clothes are casual; she’s ‘wearing a light green T-shirt and trousers which are the same colour. She's sitting down and she’s holding a book, but she’s not reading it at the moment. She's looking at the camera and smiling. think she’s a kind, friendly person. ‘Write a description of one of the other people in the photos or someone in your class. Include information about: + general impression / age + hair, eyes, etc + clothes. + what he/she is doing at the moment. his/her personality. AFTER UNIT 10 YOU CAN SUE eres Dee CeCe ea ees ‘Ask for goods and services (e.g. in shops and at eee) Dee eer cae eesGrammar: Question words; Quantifiers: alot of, alittle, afew, Cae aL Vocabulary: Animals and natural oe aes Sree nc a cy cg Dr eect Vocabulary Animals and natural features ‘Ta. Workin palrs and look atthe photos. Which of the things in the dog ‘camel mountain horse donkey desert lama beach ocean phant volcano fish chimpanzee snake forest lake valley dolphin sea river ale Put the words in the box into the categories below. + animals + natural features ‘Add more words to each category. Work in pairs and discuss. + Which animals in exercise 1a are common in your country’ fh natural features in exercise 1a do you have in your visit any of therWORKING ANIMALS There are countless animals that help us in our everyday lives. From dogs to elephants, fish to llamas, we use animals in so many different ways. People use animals to carry people or heavy loads - sometimes for long distances, across mountains and deserts many countries, this is often the job of horses and donkeys n South America, they offen use lamas and in North Afica, camels. Camels can cary up to 450 kg (hats the veight ofan average cow!) and walk up t0 65 k South East Asia, people use elephants not only to carry things but aso to nthe forests, Elephants are extremely strong and can pul up t6 1,500 (h weight of a medium-sized car) Dogsare very popular as pets, but they also have a huge number of uses. jogs can help people with diferent disabilities, There are gui (@g to crossroad) and hearing dogs to h (eg. to hear the doorbell) jogs to help people who cant se ogs are useful in rescue situations, t look for people lost under snow or psed buildings mers use dogs to keep their sheep and cows under control. The police use dogs to help catch criminal Sniffer dogs do another important job - using their sense of smell to help find drugs and other illegal things at arports People also use animals for more surprising things. sading’ dogs listen tc i relax with fish therapy, asthe fish eat dead skin off you + Insome countries, people tal + People use dolphins in a similar help detect dangerous explo to detect dangerous explosv Reading Work in pairs. Look again at the photos. What kind of work do you think these animals do? Read the article. Which animals from Vocabulary exercise 1a are mentioned? Read the article again and answer the questions, Which animal can: help people cross a road? improve the skin on your feet? find illegal iter like drugs? carry heavy loads in South America? Work in pairs and discuss (ook for missing people? + Which ofthe working animals in the article help children earn to read? are you surprised about? @y9uEUNS look for dangerous items at sea? + Do you know about any other working animals? transport trees in South-East Asia? What do they do?2a Listening Work in pairs and discuss. + What experience of pets do you have? + What experience of wild animals do you have? + Which of the animals in the photos do you think is the most intelligent? In what way? (11.1 Listen to a radio programme about intelligent animals. Number the animals in the ‘order you hear them. + dogs * parrots + whales + dolphins + chimpanzees Listen again. Which things can each animal do? + speak to each other * speak like humans * paint pictures + use computers + remember names + remember numbers Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1 Which animal on the radio programme impressed you the most? Why? 2 How good are you membering: + names of people you meet? + friends’ birthdays? + phone numbers? + PIN numbers (for bank cards, etc)? Vocabulary Match the numbers in A with how you say them in B. A B 150 a five thousand 2 500 b five billion 3 S05 © five hundred 4 5,000 d five million 5 50,000 e five point five 6 500,000 f five hundred thousand 7 5,000,000 g fifty thousand 8 5,000,000,000 hh fifty 955 i. five hundred and five £11.2Listen and write down the nine numbers you heer. 1 Listen again to the numbers and notice the pronunciation, 2 Practise saying themBa Look at sentences 1-9. Try to guess the number that belongs in each gap. 1 The approximate number of active volcanoes in the world is 2 The country with the largest number of active volcanoes is Indonesia, with over _ 3 The approximate top speed of a killer whale is nearly kilometres per hour. 4 The average distance that killer whales swim every year is. kilometres. 5 The height of some giant redwood trees in California is over __metres. 6 Camels can survive without water in temperatures, of 50°C for approximately hours. 7 The average weight of a male African elephant is kilograms, 8 The approximate rat population of New York City 9 Damascus in Syria is perhaps the world’s oldest city itis years old b Gilr1.atisten and check. Grammar focus 1 ‘Question words 1 Choose the correct question words. 1 How many / How much active volcanoes are there in the world? 2 Which / How many country has got the largest number of active volcanoes? 3 How far / How tall are some of the giant redwood trees in California? What / How fast can killer whales swim? How far / How old do killer whales swim every ryear on average? 6 How much | How long can camels survive without Water in temperatures of 50°C? 7 How much / How many does a male African elephant weigh on average? ‘8 What / Which is the approximate rat population of New York City? How much / How old is the city of Damascus? we Cr aud Question words with two words (how + another word) 11 Match the question words in A withthe answers in B a 8 1 How fr (eg. New York to Las Angeles) fve 2 How fast eg, top speed ofthisca) —b 65ig 3 How long (eg this TV programme) ¢ 8 kph 4 How many (eg my family membes) 4 1m65em 5 How much (eg, your weight) © 25yeas 6 How old (eg, your broth) F 3900km 7 How tall ef you) about an hour what and which 2 Weuuse what when there are many possible answers, Whats the approximate rat population of New York City? 3. Weuse which when there are a limited number of possible answers. Which country has gt the largest number ofactve volcanoes? 2. Workin pairs and take turns. Ask and answer the questions in exercise 1 without looking at Vocabulary exercise 3a. How many answers can you remember? Ba Make questions using words/phrases from columns Aand B. You can also use words/phrases from columns C and D, if necessary. How old are you? How far do you walk every week? A 8 a > How old areyou tke ‘every day How tall doyou swim every night How fast canyou study every week How far fun How long walk How much water speak How many languages play What kind of fos ‘rink Which sports sleep Work in pairs and take turns. Ask and answer ‘your questions. How far do you walk every week? | walk about ten kilometres every week.istening South Africa ‘Work in pairs, Look at the photos and discuss. How much do you know about the Republic of South Africa? Think about the topics below. + famous places *+ wildlife (animals and plants) + weather + natural features (mountains, volcanoes, etc) Aletta works for the South African Tourist Board. Listen to her talking about places to visit. Tick the topics you hear in exercise 1 Listen again and choose the correct answers, 1 How many species of plant can you find on Table Mountain? 150 b 1,000 2,200 2 How high are the Tugela Falls? a 800m 850m 950m 3 How many species of animal can you find in the Kruger National Park? 50-100 b 100-150 © 150-200 4 How fast can a cheetah run? 460 kph b 80 kph € 100 kph 5 How many years old is the Salpeterkop volcano? 2.66 million b 60 million 6 milion Work in pairs and discuss. + Would you lke to visit South Africa? Why / Why not? + What do you think is most interesting about South Africa? + What is similar to and different from your country? Grammar focus 2 Quantifiers: alot of, alittle, afew, notany, not much, not many Choose the correct answers. 1 There isn’t / aren't many countries in the world where you can see all these amazing things. 2 Ifyou only has / have a litle time, here are four places you really must visit! 3 Table Mountain has / have a lot of different varieties of plants. 4 There isnt / aren't much chance of winning that race! 5 There isn't / aren't any active volcanoes in South Africa 6 There is / are a few volcanoes; for example, the Salpeterkop volcano. Look at audio script 11.4 0n page 173 and check ‘your answers. 1 Complete the table with the underlined phrases in audio script 11.4 on page 173. You can use the ‘same phrase more than once. with countable with uncountable nouns (and nouns (and singular plural verb) verb) large alot of 2 quantity/ umber Small 3 5_ quantity/ 4 6 number Zero 7 netany quantity/ numberPRACTICE 1 Choose the correct answers. e 2a Use the ideas below to make true sentences about F your country. In theres alotof snow > (name of country) there are | alittle rain afew deserts y takes = ‘not much not many high mountains active volcanoes x much snow. There is a little snow in ee c tains in the south. b_ Work in pairs and compare your sentences. WD er su arena pe 18 sey,Task Devise a general knowledge quiz See aig ter) ee ea eee eee tas to the sun: Fld Cup peace eis Oe ree Rav nest tr SCM ener rec an eeacy Seer Preparation Reading and listening Work in pairs. Look at the photos and the five categories for a quiz. Discuss the questions. ‘+ Which is your favourite category in a quiz? Why? ‘+ Which is your least favourite? Why? Look at the quiz ‘Who, What, Where, When?’ and divide the questions into the five categories. ‘Work in pairs and look at the quiz. Match the questions to the answers in the box below. Task Speaking Beyoncé India tennis 150 milion km Vladimir Putin 2010 Homer Etna te, +6 km ‘You are going to write your own general knowledge quiz. Work in three teams (A, B and C). Write two questions for each category. You can use your own Listen to two people doing the first part of ideas or the information on page 133 for Team A, the quiz. Do they have the same answers as you? page 134 for Team B and page 136 for Team C. ‘Ask your teacher for any words/phrases you need. Listen again and tick the phrases you hear in the > Useful language a Useful language box. Think of the correct answer and one incorrect answer for each question. Write all your answers inabox. ‘Check your answers on page 136. How many questions did you get right?USEFUL LANGUAGE 1 Asking questions ‘Where is (the River Ganges)? ‘who (became President... }? How many (kilometres are How far (is it from .)2 ‘When (dé Spain win ..)? ‘What (ste capital of? ‘Whe (sang the hit song ..}? Which (volcano destroyed... }? bb Answering questions think t's (i Inia). This one's easy! rm not sure, but | think t's (Inca) Ive got no ideal | can't remember | don't know (ether). I exow this one. it's definitely (2010) Practise saying your questions clearly so the other teams can understand them. Pay et ert Deere tay a oy Play your quiz game in teams. Ask questions and show your box of possible answers to the other two teams, eae ie ed > Useful language b Soret Which team got the most correct answers? PCa Wie ate Peers Work in pairs and discuss. What were the three most interesting things you learned?Find out first ‘Ta. Workin pairs and discuss + Do you have a pet? What is its name? + What is your favourite animal? Why? * Is your country famous for any animal(s)? Which one(s)? b Look at the animals in the box. Try to answer the questions for each animal, crocodile elephant gazelle giraffe horse lion monkey zebra 1 Where does it live continent)? 2 What colour is it? 3 What does it eat? 4 Is it dangerous for humans? Why? 5 Doesit live naturally in your country? (country/ ¢ Goonlline to check your answers or ask your teacher Search: [name of animal] + image/ eat/dangerous View 2a_You are going watch a video about animals in danger. Before you watch, check you understand the meaning of the words/phrases in the glossary GLOSSARY ‘hunting killing wild animals for sport or food ivory white material from elephant tusk savannah dry grassland b © Watch the video and make a list of the animals you see. Are there any animals you don't know? 3 Read the text from the video below. Then watch again and complete the gaps with the words in the box. crocodiles lions sixmetres animal male hot twenty man five __ percent of the world is savannah, or grassland The African savannah is home to many species which are now in danger because of hunting and changes in the environment. These include giraffes, the world's tallest mammal which can be up to? ____ tall, zebras and the African elephant, the worlds largest living land Female elephants live in family groups, but * elephants usually live alone. Breeze is @ baby elephant who is just a few days old. In the*___October weather, he goes to the river every day to drink with the other elephants There is danger from © in the water and there are also in the area. But the biggest danger to elephants is from® Seventy years ago, there were million elephants in Africa. Now there are only 300,000,© Fino out More Work in pairs. Look at the animals in the box below. What do you know about them? Why do you think they are in danger? Siberian tiger Iberian imperial eagle mountain gorilla flant panda hammerhead shark World view Go online to find out more about each animal and answer the questions. 4a Look at the statements below. Tick the 1 Where does it live? ones you agree with and cross the ones 2 How many live there? you disagree with. 3 Why is it in danger? G | don't tke 200s... it’s wrong to keep Search: [name of animal] + habitat / population size / animals like that. interesting facts / endangered G would ke to goto the savannah to see elephants Write up your research IFyou love animals, be a vegetarian! animals in dange’ Use the example below to help you, Hunting is always a bad thing. Siberian tigers are an endangered species. They live in the mountains of East Russia, Their bodies are about 1.50 metres long and they weigh about 175 kilograms. ‘ G | would tke to give money to help 6 Write about one of the animals you researched. 6 6 Humans are more important than animals... why do we worry about them? Siberian tigers are in danger because of environmental ‘changes in the area and because of hunting. There are b_ Work in pairs and compare your ideas. now only about 250-400 Siberian tigers in the world Hodori, the mascot of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea was a Siberian tiger! ‘Ask and answer questions about a variety of facts. SU eeu ecko es Breas Ones Tee ea (Cane ey ee Research endangered animals onlineeer ae arity enc Ueto Peay Vocabulary: Celebrations and Ce era Cena Pea Cuca) Pouce Py Vocabulary Celebrations and parties Work in pairs and discuss. Which of the celebrations in the box can ‘you see in the photos? birthday party graduation party wedding party coming-of-age par leaving party national holiday religious holiday How many times each year do the celebrations ir the box usually happen? Match the verbs in box A with two words/phrases in box B to make verb phrases about celebrations, parties and festivals. A decorate make hire dress upin take part in party clothes traditional food the house a parade aband acake traditional costumes the table a competition an entertainer decorate the house, decorate the table Think of a celebration or party you went to. Look at the questions below and make notes. 1. What was the celebration or party for? 2 Where was it? 3 Who was there? 4 What did you wear/do/eat? Work in pairs and take turns, Tell each other about your celebration or party. food and theyGrammar focus 1 going to for future intentions Listen to three people talking about their plans for the weekend. Which celebration is each person talking about? Listen again. Which speaker (1, 2 or 3) mentions the things in the box below? food thebeach the hairdresser's dance dive relax 2 Listen and complete the sentences, I'm going to We're going to I'm not going to my friend Monica, to the wedding together. ‘on Monday. I'm going to. ‘on the beach! We're going to a lot of special food. We're going to alot, too. To talk about future intentions, we often use be + going to + verb + 'mgoing to wear my new party dress ~ _rmnot going to do anything. ‘Are you going to drive to the wedding? When are you going to make a cake? 2 With the verb go, we usually use be + going, mgoing ta friend's wedding. NOT l'mgoing to go toa friend's wedding, PRACT ICE Complete the sentences with one word in the correct place. My brother's going to cook a family meal tonight. 1'm going have a party this weekend. My parents going to decorate the house next week. | going to have a holiday abroad this summer. I'm going buy some new clothes this weekend. My friends and | going to have a picnic tomorrow. I'm going make a cake tomorrow afternoon. My bestfriend isto leave her job next month Nouauna Listen and check. Then make each sentence true for you I'm not going to cook a family meal tonight. Teton 11 Usten again to the sentences in exercise 1a, Notice the pronunciation of to with the weak form /ta/. 2 Practise saying the sentences ‘Think about your plans for a celebration or party in the future. Write sentences about what you are going to do, wear, etc. ‘Work in pairs and take turns, Ask and answer questions about your plans. What are you going to do this weekend?Vocabulary Weather and seasons Work in pairs and discuss. + How many seasons are there in your country (eg. spring, summer, autumn, winter, wet season, dry season)? + Which seasons are January, April July and October in? Match the phrases in the box with pictures A-L. Iscloudy. It'ssnowing. It's foggy. It’swarm, It's sunny. It's raining. It’shot. It's cool It's windy. Ws cold. t's wet Wes. am : Work in pairs and answer the questions. 11 What is the weather like today? 2 Is the weather usually lke this at this time of year? 3 What is your favourite season? 4 What is the weather lke at that time? 5 Why do you like it? CELEBRATING THE SEASO: he Sapporo Snow Festival is one of Japan's most exci ‘winter events — held for seven days in February. The fs LL started in 1950 with a group of students making sculp with snow and ice in the park. Now, over two million peoples come to Sapporo to see around 400 huge sculptures. They usually of famous people, buildings or events, and teams different countries take part in a competition, with prizes fa best sculptures ‘eading ‘Work in pairs. Look at the photos of festivals in different seasons and discuss. + Which season do you think people are celebrating in each photo? + Which country do you think each festival is in? Read the article and check your answers. Read the article again. Are the statements below true (T) or false (F)? 1 The Sapporo Snow Festival lasts for one week in February, 2 Two milion people create amazing sculptures out of snow and ice. 3 March 22nd is the longest day of the year. 4 During the festival of Novruz Bayram, people go to the theatre to see plays. 5 In Sweden, people always celebrate Midsummer's Day on June 24th, 6 People think that bringing flowers into the house is lucky. 7 Harvest festivals are most popular along the East Coast of the USA, 8 The main focus of harvest festivals isto celebrate food produced in the area, Work in pairs and discuss. + Which festival do you think sounds the most interesting? + Do you have any similar festivals in your country? ‘What are they? What do people do and wear?Good times | 12 fh March, people in parts of Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey feelebrate the beginning of spring with the festival of WNovruz Bayram, Around March 22nd, the day and the night re equal length, and people celebrate the fact that plants re starting to grow again after the winter. People light iEandles and share traditional food, and there are special heatre performances in the street. It is also traditional for hildren to go from door to door asking for sweets People celebrate Midsummer's Day all over the world, Bot tis particularly important in Sweden. Swedish people Ieelebrate on the Friday and Saturday nearest to June 24th By dancing round a huge maypole, There is traditional Imusic and people wear traditional costumes. They also Sear crowns made of wild flowers, Special food. lke the year’s first strawberries, is on the menu, and people IGecorate their houses with flowers to bring good luck for the year ahead HHarvest festivals in the autumn are very popular in the JUSA, especially in the north-east of the country, where the auturn trees are beautiful. Harvest festivals are lusually held in October and they are about celebrating local food. There are always incredible displays of food, buch as apples, pumpkins and garlic. Children dress up in fraditional costumes and take part in parades, and there are pony rides, entertainers and plenty of traditional music. Grammar focus 2 PRACTICE would like to and want to for future wishes ‘Ta_ Complete the questions with do, would . orare. Ja £1 12.4Listen to four sentences. Which festival is each Pecon talieg stout? 1 you want to watch TV this evening? What you like to watch? 2 ou goin 2 b Complete the sentences, Then listen again and check. mee 1 |___see the theatre performances in the 3 you want to buy anything special in street tonight the next few weeks? What? Pinecainn,| darcnFotand the msgypole 4 Are there any fms you __ lke to see 3|____ take part in the sculpture competition at the moment? Which ones? this winter 5 you going to celebrate a festival 41 see the pumpkin displays this afternoon this year? Which one? 6 ___you want to go on holiday this jar? Where cu ike to go? Eu * _ 5 1 We can use different verbs to tlk about future wishes b G12 tisten and check. (as wellas be + going to + verb, TV wantto + ve © Work in pairs and take turns. Ask and answer want to wear traditional costume fo the parade this weekend, {don't want to o tothe party tonight. iieimaoeaeryn {'dlike to make some traditional food forthe festival tonight. Toe ee a the questions in exercise Ta. 2 We use these common time phrases to talk about future wishes. next winter/year tonight tomorrow moming/afternoan this weekend/morth todayPlan a festival Preparation 1 Workin pairs and discuss. + How often do you go to local festivals or celebrations? Do you like them? Why / Why not? + What different kinds of things can you do at local festivals in your area? 2 Read the Auldhay Festival website and answer the questions 11 Where and when is the festival going to happen? 2 Which music artists are going to perform there? 3 Name three special types of food you can find at the festival 4 Are there any special activities for children? ARTS FESTIVAL What are they? 5S What kind of accommodation is available? 6 What entertainment is there? 7 What's the name of the nearest railway station Join us for a fantastic weekend of er music and much more in the Ba 4112.6 Listen to two people discussing the festival. attractive town Aig Which things on the website do they talk about? Scottish Highlands. b Listen again. Tick the phrases you hear in the Useful language box. Task 1 Youare going to plan a festival celebrating your ‘own town or region. Work in pairs and spend some time planning your festival. Use the questions in Reading exercise 2 and the headings on the website to help you. Ask your teacher for any words/phrases you need 2. Workin small groups and take tums Ask and answer questions about your festivals. > Useful language a and b cE}2 Asking about the festival pe is the festival going to happen? ng to have? going to have (dancing)? b Describing your festival It’s going to be f November it's going tobe in a really beautiful park (Salsa Fling) are lay atthe Festiva ery demonst hildren). nearby ottish Brazilian fusion band S: world-famous Scottish duo the Protractors = 7th July local poet Andy aol ard ) dancing demonstrations by learn it Cone Uure ser on aa eee Esa te Share your film/recording with other students. 111Writing Information to promote a festival Look at the photos and discuss. + What can you see in the photos? + Where do you think this festival takes place? + What do you think they are celebrating? Read the text about the Boi Bumbd festival and check your answers. Read the text again and decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F). 1 The festival happens at the end of June. 2 There is only one Boi Bumbé festival in Brazil 3 Dressing up isa big part of the festival. 4 There are four nights of parades and shows. 5 The parades are also a competition. 6 You must buy tickets in advance for the festival. Read the text again and match paragraphs 1-3 with descriptions a-<. a tickets / accommodation / getting there b what the festival is / what you can do and see € when and where the festival is going to take place Think about the festival you planned on page 110. You are going to write some information to promote your festival First, make notes about your festival Using the paragraph descriptions (a-c) in exercise 3. Write about your festival using your notes. Boi Bumbé festival is going to take place from 27~30th June. There are many Boi Bumbé festivals in Brazil, but the one in our town, Parintins is the biggest and the best! In English, the words boi bumbd mean ‘beat the bull’. The festival is about the story of a bull which comes back to life. To celebrate this, the town divides into two teams and everyone dresses up in fantastic costumes. This year, as usual, everyone is going to get together in the town centre to watch the two teams put on spectacular shows for three nights. There are colourful parades and a lot of dancing and singing. After the parades, the city has food, di and a big party for everyone. On the fourth day ‘we're going to find out who the winning team is It's very exciting! You don't need to buy tickets for the Boi Bumba festival, but you need to book early to find somewhere to stay for the three nights. Phone the Tourist Office for details on: 51-6778,Speaking Suggestions and offers 41 Work in pairs. Look at the photo and discuss. What things can you do to celebrate a birthday? 2a ©Watch the video. How many different ideas do you hear for the woman's birthday? b Watch again and number suggestions a-fin the order you hear them. a Let's go there b Why don't we... ? ¢ Shall ..? dd Why don’t you ...? @ How about ..? f Where shall we ..? € Where do the friends decide to go to in the end? 3a Put the words in the correct order to make and respond to suggestions and offers. 1 for a meal / Why / we / don’t / go out ? 2 Where / go / we / shall ? 3 about / Thai Kitchen / How ? 4 bowling / go / Let's ! 5 That / sounds like / good idea / a 6 phone / some tickets / and book / Ill 7 Shall / to come / | / ask Ben if / he wants ? 8 then / Yes, / OK Watch and listen to the key phrases and check your answers. 1. Watch and listen again to the key phrases. 2 Practise saying them. 4a Workin pairs, Write a short conversation for one of the situations below. Include atleast three Sifferent suggestions ma with + You are arranging a night out at the a friend + An old friend is coming to visit for the weekend. ‘Make some suggestions where to take him/her + You are planning a leaving party for a colleague C=) ===] b Practise your conversation, Nara MUN EA Clon Talk about your future plans and intentions. Talk about plans for a festival in your town or region Pee ee Rec eCeee ae at eee Rae eeretee y Peer emer Vocabulary TasleiComplete a careers School and university subjects eri Renee oad Woiteti pats and actin geography information technology languages design and technolog performing arts leisure and tourism literature engineering ‘Add three more subjects to the box. Compare your ideas other students. Work in pairs and discuss. For which of the subjects in exercise 1a do you need to be good: + with numbers? vith your hands * with people? h machines? + atanz ting? + at remembering f + at speaking? Work in pairs and discuss, + Which of the subjects in exercise 1a interest you the most? Why? Which of the subjects are you least interested in? Why? + When did you start primary school? When did y 12 Which did you like best? Why? + Isit difficult to get into university in your country? are most difficult ?Grammar focus 1 have to and don’t have to Read the email below and answer the questions. 1 What course is Daniel going to do? 2 When doesit start? Read the email again and choose the correct. answers. Daniel likes / doesn‘ like his job at the moment. He wants to teach children / adults. He has / hasn't got the right qualifications to be a teacher, He wants to do a part-time / full-time course. He lives / doesn’tlive a long way from the college. jnread Message From daniet:scott@my_mail Subject HiEva! Hi Bval [told you before that my job ia bit boring and that | really want to teach geography in ndary school. Well, Ive d Before | can get a job a ining course and get And the thing is | cant afford to leave work whi Iido the traning. But 've found a col doa part-time course, so | dont completely. Its a two-year course at fo college evenings and weekends. | also have to lotof studying at home The college is near where | lve, so | dorit have to ravel very far, which is good. It starts next month Fin really excited about ital! How is your new course? Do you have to do a let Ipf homework? Write soon and tell me all Daniel SEND Match sentences 1-4 with meanings a and b 1 Before | can get ajob, | have to doa taining course. 2 Ihave to go to college evenings and weekends. 3 I cando a part-time course so | don’t have to stop work completely 4 The college is near where lve, so | don't have to travel very fat 2 Ieis necessary t0 do this. b It isn't necessary to do this, axe STeDNCeUion i LUsten to the sentences in the grammar box [Notice the pronunciation of to withthe weak form and the linking between have and to /zef/ta. 2 Listen again and practise saying the sentences PRACTICE Make sentences about your country using have to and don'thave to. 1 In most schools in my country, you: a ___wear a uniform, b study a foreign language c do sport every day. 2 When you have an interview for ajob or course, you: a show all your qualifications, b talk about your experience. © show you can speak a foreign language. 3 When you are leaming to drive, you: a ____ learn with a qualified instructor. b take a written test as well as a practical test. « doa first-aid test. Work in pairs and compare your ideas.Vocabulary Education and training Choose the correct answers. 1 lose / fail an exam 2 go /get into university 3 get /make a degree 4 make / do a course (in media studies) 5 decide / choose a career (in engineering) 6 apply to / for a job or course 7 take / have an interview 8 train to / for be (a chef) 9 do // be unemployed 10 do / earn money Read the college advert and check your answers. Did you fail your exams? Do you need some advice about choosing a career? Do you need to earn money? Do you want to get a university degree? | Do you want help with applying for a job? Are you unemployed? Why don’t you come and talk to us about what we can offer you? Complete the sentences verb phrases in exercise 1a, At Chesterton College of Adult Education ‘the correct form of the * you can do courses in geography, li ature, media studies... a wide range of subject. 1 I'm going to__ to be a chef next year. + you can tran to be a che, a teacher, a plumber 2 It's very expensive to get a_i my country. all different kinds of jobs. 3 Iwas very upset when | my exam. + you can tak to an advisor about choosing a career 4 Alot of people unemployed in my country in engineering, medicine ... whatever interests you. at the moment. + you can get help with how to get into university or 5 | get very nervous when | an interview for hhow to apply fora job, a job. Come and have an interview today! 6 | started ___ money when | was 15. 7 When people apply a job in my country, See our website ee they usually do it online. 8 Next year, 'm going to___a course in , something in the evenings ne Chaeeaitoes Ceca Adal Edscatici 9 Falke ton into university to study nthe Live and learn! I's never too late to learn something new. tea 10 | chose a__in teaching because | wanted tong holidays. Work in pairs. Put the verb phrases in exercise 1a into the categories below. Some can go in more than Which of the sentences do you agree with or are cone category. true for you? + college/university + work ‘Work in pairs and compare your answers.Listen again and answer the questions. Listening Two career paths Lorraine Work in pairs and discuss. Which jobs/careers pay the most money in your country? Is money important to you when choosing a career? What else do you look for when choosing a career? + Do you have an ‘ideal’ job? Listen to two people talking about their careers. Match the people to topics 1-6 below. Write L for Lorraine and M for Martin. having a lot of money having time to spend with family/friends having a stress-free life having your own business working for a large company combining work and a hobby Did Lorraine pass all her exams at school? Were her parents unemployed? ‘At what age did she start work? Did she like her job as manager of the shop? How many shops did Lorraine open in ten years? How much is her business worth now? Martin 7 What did Martin's parents do their degrees in? 8 What did Martin do his degree in? 9 Did he like his job when he worked for a large company? 10 Did he spend alot of time with his family? 11 Does Martin think that teaching the guitar is stressful? 12 Would he like to earn more money? Work in pairs and discuss. + Which person (Lorraine or Martin) do you think you are most similar to? Why? + Which careers are more popular with men? Which are more popular with women? And which are more popular with young people? Why do you think ths is? If you apply for a job in your country, do you normally have an interview? What happens? Is it easy or difficult to get a job at the moment? ‘Are many people unemployed?From slates to iPads ... Grextbooks might bea | thingofthe | past verysoon... Reading 11 Work in pairs and discuss. + Do most people in your country learn foreign languages? Why? + Which language(s) do people learn? + At what age do they start? + What technology do you use in your school? How do you think technology helps learners? 2 Read the article about language learning. Which of these things are mentioned? + studying grammar + learning French + using the internet * using languages at work + training to be a teacher + learning Chinese »” Language learning then, now and in the future Then .. Its 6 am, on a Monday morning 500 years ago - time for lessons to start at the local grammar school, The i aim of the lesson isto study the grammar of Latin intemational language of the time (in Europe, at le and the language ofall university courses. The pupils ara all boys — if gis receive any education at al, they get at home, The boys take out their slates ~ there will be ‘no pencil and paper until the 19th century. They learn grammatical rules and translate sentences, and the boys Fave to speak Latin at all times. if they fal at all, their Punishment is up to 50 strokes of the cane! Now. No one knows how many people are learning English today - one common estimate is one billion people, ora third of the world’s population, Technology has become more and more important in how people learrs cassettes (which first became popular in the 1970s), CDs and video have brought ‘eal English’ into the classroom Many classrooms have in 5s, video facilities a interactive whiteboards. But in most cases, one thing changed .. theres still a teacher! In the future. Who knows what the language classroom of 2050 wil a lke. Many people think that textbooks might be a thing of the past very soon. And many classrooms wont cassettes or CDs in the near future. Will students use iPad ot smartphones instead of pen and paper? Wl comp replace teachers? Other people think that English mip nt be as popular as its now. Will Chinese, perhaps even a completely new international language designed by computers replace English? There is one thing that = for sure technology will be atthe centre of tomorrows language education 3 Read the article again. Match the sentence halves. Another language right replace English People started using audio cassettes, Latin was the international language People started using pencil and paper About one bilion people study English Textbooks might disappear about 50 years ago. in the 16th century. in the 19th century. very soon. some time in the future. now. se angemanauna> 4 Work in pairs and discuss. + How was language learning different in your country 500 years ago? + What are language-learing classrooms like in your country now?Grammar focus 2 might and will ‘Ta Complete the sentences using will, won't (will not), ight and might not. 1 Textbooks very soon, 2 Many classrooms CDs in the near future 3 English be as popular as itis now. 4 Technology be at the centre of tomorrow's education. bea thing of the past have cassettes or b_ Read the last paragraph of the article and check your answers. fuel 1. Look again at exercise 1a, Match the modal verbs with the definitions below. 1 The speaker is sure something will happen. 2 The speaker is sure something will not happen. 3 The speaker thinks itis possible that something, wll happen. “4 The speaker think iti possible that something will not happen. 2. What form of verb comes after each modal verb? 13. Change the sentences below to make them negative. 1 Students will do all ther homework on computers. 2 English might be the most important language. PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct answers. 1 Ina few years’ time, printed books will disappear / will be disappear completely. 2 Inthe future, people not will go / won't go to school. They might study / might to study at home using a computer. 3 Tom isn’t sure what he wants to do when he leaves school. He will go / might go to university, or he won't travel / might travel abroad for a year. 4 Denise finds italian quite difficult. She says she will study / won't study Spanish instead. 5 Why not do a course in Chinese? You never know — ‘you might need / not might need to speak it in ‘the future. 6 Some teachers are worried that computers will fo take / will tke their jobs one day. holidays and travel house and city career and education 2a Complete the sentences to make them true for you. Use the ideas above or your own ideas. 1 Next winter, | might _ 2 Next summer, Il 3 Next year, 'l 4 Inter years’ time, I might 5 Inmy life, | might not 6 In the next two years, I won't 7 One day, ll 8 When I'm 65, ll b Compare your sentences with other students. Next winter, | might start a course in Italian, ‘Oh, really? Why do you want to learn Italian?Task Complete a careers questionnaire Preparation Reading Work in pairs and discuss. + Which of the jobs in the photos would you lke todo? + Are there any other jobs/careers that you would like to have? Complete the careers questionnaire. Listen to two people discussing the questionnaire. Answer the questions below. 11 What answers did the man mostly get? 2 Did he agree with the results of the questionnaire? Listen again and tick the phrases you hear in the Useful language box. Task Speaking Work in pairs and compare your answers to the questionnaire. 11 How many answers are the same? 2 How many answers are different? 3 Which letter did you choose the most? Look at the results on page 133 to find out what your answers mean, Work in pairs and discuss. Do you agree with the results? Why / Why not? Ask your teacher for any words/phrases you need. > Useful language ac ‘Work in groups. Tell other students about your or your partner's results and reaction to the questionnaire.So you want to get on in life? Are you in the right jol Do our quiz to find the perfect job for you . fa I want to work hard and earn a large salary. b Being happy in my job and helping people is. Money isn't important to me. 2 How do you feel about stress? [like stress — it gives me energy and motivation. b [want a quiet, calm life! ¢ [try not to worry about it! d [feel happy when I can work and think alone. ‘a mathematics and sciences languages © sport and physical education music, literature and design 4 Where do you prefer to work? both indoors and outdoors mainly indoors mainly outdoors not important I sometimes like working alone, and sometimes Like working with other people. I prefer working with other people b ¢ [like working in a team, d I prefer working alone. Which adjectives best describe you? a dynamic and original b sympathetic and good with people ¢ sporty and healtiy imaginative and creative a Tmhappy to work at any time and as many hours as I can, b T'dlike to work regular hours, with evenings and weekends free € It’s not important 4 work any time I have ideas, What kind of clothes would you like to wear at work? smart, formal clothes b auniform ¢ casual clothes 4 not important USEFUL LANGUAGE ‘a Asking for results/information ‘What does that mean? What does it say? what else? Anything else? bb Reacting to results/information that’s true That's absolutly right. | think that's partly true That's not right. That's rubbish! « Justifying your reaction ike doing things and being active iL work as hard as | can. | might be abit bossy sometimes. I won't be hori I'm not good | dont lke working outdoors | don’t want to work frm nine to five rma journalist at the moment Vike to be a designer. Oa ol aL Cereal are scr ete teen een) reaction to the questionnai Oooh 4 persed results and reaction to the Preece Pa eee aaa PrecastWg lie att ut Find out a. Work in pairs and discuss. How much do you know about Latin America? Try to answer the questions in the quiz below. What do you know about Latin America? 1. In which of these countries is Spanish not the jal language? a Argentina b Brazil Peru 2 Bogota, Cali and Medellin are cities in which Latin American country? a Colombia b Ecuador ¢ Me 3. Cuba isan island in which sea/ocean? a Atlantic Caribbean Pacific 4. With which country/countries do you associate these dances? a merengue b samba © tango 5 Carlos Acosta is a famous ballet dancer from which country? CostaRica b Cuba _—_¢ PuertoRico b Go online to check your answers or ask your teacher. Search: Argentina/BraziV/Peru language / Bogoté / Cali / Medellin / ‘Cuba map / merengue / samba / tango / Carlos Acosta biography 2a_ You are going to watch a video about Fernando Montafo, a Colombian dancer with the Royal Ballet in London Before you watch, check you understand the meaning of the words/phrases in the glossary GLossarY audition Where actors/dancers try to get a role scholarship ‘money you receive for studies totrain/ training exercise to make you fit Watch the video and number the topics (1-6) in the order you hear them, his time in Cuba coming to London and starting to learn English his early life in Cali his dream when he was a child his other interests how he keeps fit 3 Watch again and answer the questions. 1 At what age did Fernando tell his mother he wanted to be a ballet dancer? When did he start studying ballet in Colombia? 3 Fernando later won a scholarship to study in which country? 4 Why did the Director of the English National Ballet School invite Fernando to London? 5 Did Femando know how to speak English when he came to the UK? How often does he go to the gym? What is his number one ambition? What are his other hobbies? exeprrretiteien tity Sa Look at the names of some other famous people from Latin America in the box below. Do you know who they are and why they are famous? Carlos Acosta Anténio Carlos Jobim Eva Perén Frida Kahlo Mario Vargas Llosa Go online to find out more about them and answer the questions. 1 Where/when was he/she born? 2 When did he/she die? 3 Why is he/she famous? 4 What was his/her main achievement? World view 4a_ Look at the statements below. Tick the ‘ones you agree with and cross the ones you disagree with. Search: [name of person] + biography/achievements don't know anything about art ‘ ut laser What Ile @ Write up your research allt is for girs. | prefer f ee rele fecha 6 Write about one of the people you researched Ail politicians are dishonest, in my Use the example below to help you. | opinion. Carlos Acosta is probably one of the world's most | prefer reading to watching TV. famous ballet dancers. He came from a poor family and was one of 11 children. He studied at the Cuban National Ballet School, and then danced with the Houston Ballet in the USA and b Workin pairs and compare your ideas. with the Royal Ballet in London Do you have a favourite atist/dancer/ politician, etc.? ‘can’t stand classical music. | think his greatest achievement was writing his own ballet, Tocororo — A Cuban Tale. itis the story of a poor Cuban boy who travels to the big city | admire him because he is talented and successful, but he never forgets his early life. AFTER UNIT 13 YOU CAN Bete sues Peete eee ees Dee ee ee Discuss what job you (and others) are most suited for. Research famous people online.ee ad (unfinished time); Present perfect (with ever) Neen et Ce a eng Task: Keep talking acs ener Vocabulary Ways of communicating Work in pairs and discuss. + How many phones are there in your house, including all mobile phones and landlines? + Where do you usually keep yo le phone during the day and during the night2 Why? + Are you inter to-date phone? Complete the sentences with the words/phrases in the box. a smartphone a landline a laptop attablet computer aninternet connection _a Wi-Fi connectior You can make a phone call with 2 smartphone an You can send a text message use the internet with us can send an email with ou can send an attachment with u can leave a voice message an pick up voicemail with can use video chat with You can update your status with Work in pairs. Look again at the verb phrases in bold in exercise 2 and discuss. ry day? eral times a wGrammar focus 1 Present perfect (unfinished time) ‘1 Read the comments from a social networking site and answer the questions. 1 How many people are talking about writing something? 2 How many people are talking about reading something? Elaine Massey I've had the most boring weekend ‘ever so far! | hope it changes but nothing has happened at all. he highlight so far: watching Central Hospital on TV!! @ le like this ‘Aaron Jakes | know how you feel Ive made five pphone calls to my bank so far today .. and Ive spent at least three hours on hold listening to stupid music! Really annoying! Johnny Dee Central Hospital. that’s rubbish! My sister has watched 12 (1!) episodes of Cental Hospital so far this weekend. She hasnt done anything except watch TV all weekend Charisse Leaning Poor you! My weekend hasrit been exactly exciting either but m pleased because Ive written 7,000 words of my end-oF-term assignment - only another 3,000 words to gol © Leo Taylor Why dont you get a Kindle and read a good book! | love my new Kindle! Its great. Im going to read lots of classic books. Ive downloaded War and Peace .. but | haven't read any of it! Jayne Michaels No sympathy! Ive been at work al weekend .. and Im still here 2a Complete the sentences with have, haven't, has and hasn't 11 had the most boring weekend ever so far! 2 Mysister____watched 12 episodes of Central Hospital so far this weekend 3 She __ done anything except watch TV all weekend, 4 |___ downloaded Warand Peace... but | read any of it! 5 |__ been at work all weekend... and 'm still here! b Read the comments again and check your answers. eu Look again at the sentences in exercise 2a. Choose the correct answers to complete the rules below. 1 We use the Present perfect to describe actions that started in the past and are finished / not finished at the time of speaking. 2 With the Present perfect, we say / don'tsay the exact time, ‘We often use these words/phrases to talk about the time period. sofar sofarthis weekend this afternoon today this moming We form the Present perfect with have/has + past participle. Lok again atthe sentences in exercise 2a and find two regular past participles and two irregular past participles. Look again atthe comments in exercise 1 and underline ‘more examples of the Present perfect. PRACTICE ‘la Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets and make them true for you. Ain (make) phone calls so far today. 21 (send) text messages so far this week 31 (spend) hours on my computer so far this week. 41 (write) ____ letters so far this month. 5 |___(watch)__ Ds this week. 61 (read) — books this year. Fil (receive) emails today. 81 — (take) Photos today, b Work in pairs and compare your sentences. PsePrACES E? in20v1 peole adie | srt about len ‘text messages.Reading and vocabulary ‘Ta Work in pairs and try to answer the questions. 1. How many internet users are there in the world? a half abillion ebilion o billion ww many nen every month? a 60 b 600 ¢ 6000 How many people in the world have a Facebook account? 500,000 b 5,000 © 500.0 puter viruses are there b Read the article and check your answers. Mind-blowing facts about Cena esa Cece eS tome tele Prema i people in developed countries go online, but only in developing countries can access the internet eee an ad 8 times a day. 30% of int PIR sec en eee ae eT thy Pome he Mi Pee Pree ees fer at ine accounts and Sree enor ite down both their pass + Many people use Wi-Fi hotspots in public places, such airports and hotels Cie nek aera eee gece sey ence Ronee eee et ana ReT one fre oot eaten as ead how to be totally secure. ecm eae ete Sa affect mobile phones appeared in 2005. And the first ant pe ee nce arte en E eat ane sen Ted Cree oa te ace ic eee on EI Peb aetna nd SER cane Le Sree ee aaa ED sc at riends’. and 48% of adults check their Facebook page as ake up in the morning. Every 20 minutes, Facebook rosea Tas they Prema ot) ara 2 Read the article again and match the sentence halves. ‘One in five people one third of people million people Four in five people nt of people their phone on all day have a Facebook ac Use their mobile phon a meal. have access to the internet in developing count type in their email password on a public the first mobile phone virus appeared have only one pas untKeep in touch | 14 Ba_Check the meaning of the words/phrases in bold. Look at the article to help you. 1 Can you access the internet from your school or work? 2 When did you first become an internet user? 3. How often do you use Wi-Fi hotspots in cafés? 4 Approximately how many online accounts have you got? 5 How many different passwords and usernames have you got? 6 Have you had a virus on your computer? Have you got anti-virus software on your computer? 7 What kind of information do most computer hackers want? 8 Do you ever upload or download photos, videos or music? b Work in pairs and take turns. Ask and answer the questions. ‘¢ Which fact in the article do you think isthe most surprising? Why? Grammar focus 2 Present perfect (with ever) 1 (014.1 Listen to three conversations and answer the questions, Conversation 1 1 How many online accounts has the woman got? 2 Does she write down her passwords? Conversation 2 3 When id the woman lose her mobile phone? 4 Where did someone steal the man’s mobile phone? Conversation 3 5 What is wrong withthe woman's computer? 66 What important things has she got on her computer? 2 Listen again and complete the questions and answers, Conversation 1 1 Have you ever your password? 2 Yes,|___.. many times. | can only remember it when | write it down! Conversation 2 3 ____you ever lost your mobile phone? 4.No.l I've never lost it, but someone stole it once, Conversation 3 5 Have you had a virus on your computer? 6 Yes, |have.|'ve___ two or three, | think. uae We use ever withthe Present perfect to ask about things you have done at ‘some time in your life up to naw’. The time period we are talking about is ‘your life’, which isnt finished We don't need to say exactly when the things happened (i is not important). 1 Look at the sentence pairs below. Which question or answer is correct (a orb)? ‘a Have you bought ever clothes online? Have you ever bought clothes online? 2a Yes, Ihave. b Yes, have bought. 3a No, Lhavent. 'b No, haven't ever Lene e un) 1. (i142 Listen to the questions and answers in cxercie 2 Notice the pronunciation of have: 1 inthe questions with weak forms fo, Hoveyouever..? 2. inthe answers with tong forms Yes Ihave No. thaven 2 Listen again and practise saying the questions id answers. a PRACTICE ‘a Use the prompts to make questions with the Present perfect and ever. use video chat Have you ever used video chat? 1 buy anything online 2 lose your mobile phone 3-make a phone callin English 4 spend more than a week without a phone/computer 5 do.a dangerous sport 6 stay awake for the whole night 7 study ina foreign country b_ Write three more questions of your own. 2 Work in pairs and take turns. Ask and answer the questions in exercise 1. Have you ever used video chat? Yes, | have ... | often use video chat with my sister in the USA. ee WD une sun aractonz pce t64Task Take part in a game BAe nhc:QUIPMENT NEEDED: Game board, topics and questions ge 137), a watch or timer fo take as many squares as you can by talking for USEFUL LANGUAGE fe about the topics/questons related to the letters on board 2 Giving yourself time to think ES OF THE GAME See “The youngest player starts. The next player is the person on High ts ae then his/her eft othe question is Take tums to choose a letter on the board. When you have I'm going to talk about ‘chosen alter, look at page 137 forthe topic staring with (ame to ae ce that letter You then have a minute fo talk about the questions : telated to that topic. » txpanding your ideas The other players time one minute and say ‘Stop!’ when one bat) minute is up. What else? Ifyou can speak fora minute about the questions, you can So, is here anything ee? ‘take’ that square by writing your name on it. No other player An ee in es ts can take’ that square Some ther examples ofthis re Ifyou cart speak for a minute about the topic, the square things he th: stays blank. Other players can choose tha eter to speak about if they want. Continue to take turns to choose letters on the board until all the squares are taken (when al the squares have the names of the players on them) The winner is the player who has take! the most squares. Preparation Reading and listening Look at the game and read the rules, Then answer the questions. 1 How many people can play the game? 2 What do you need to play the game? 3 How do you win the game? Listen to two people playing the game and answer the questions. 1 Which letter/topic does the woman choose? 2 Does she manage to speak for 2 minute and ‘take’ the square? Listen again and tick the phrases you hear in the Useful language box. Rata ele ar nL Task Speaking Cee ee Cotes Work in small groups. Make sure you understand the rules and have got all the equipment you need. Decide who is going to start. Ask your teacher for any words/phrases you need. eee hes en Poteet rey Play the game. Sar pares > Useful language a and b Did you find it easy or difficult to talk for a minute? Who was the winner?Speaking Telephoning ‘Work in pairs and discuss. + What are the people in the photo doing? * How often do you use your phone to: = chat to friends? — send text messages? ~ check the internet? = listen to music? ®Watch the first part of the video. Tick the things you see/hear. + awoman putting her coat on + aman dropping his phone on the floor + aman giving his name and phone number Watch again and complete the form for the taxi, Toast tor Hel Hoe From (address): Tos Pick-yp times Nonber of prcengerss Watch the second part of the video. Tick the things you see/hear. ‘a mobile phone ringing a woman looking for her mobite phone ‘a man sending a text message a woman apologising Watch again and write what you think the caller says. 1 2 ® watch the third part of the video. Tick the things you see/hear. ‘A: Emma Johnson speaking. Who's that? a: A: Oh, hl How nice to hear from you. How are you? Oh, im fine. Where are you? Really? Perhaps we can meet somewhere, PeERere : Yes, I'd love to but, listen, it's not a good moment to talk. I'm with someone Can | call you back? PEe a man getting angry a woman taking a photo on her phone a man dialling a wrong number‘about call_—-here number soon speaking that talk who's, Emma johnson __ that? it’s not a good moment to. Can|__ you back? Talk __- Bye! This is Richard Goodley I'm calling__a taxi Is___AT Taxis? Wrong. warvansuns b Watch and listen to the key phrases and check your ansivers, “1 Wateh and listen again to the key phrases 2 Practise saying them. Ga_ Work in pars. Look again at the conversation in ‘exercise 3b. Prepare a similar conversation and add different details. b Practise your conversation. Writing Atext message 1 Some people use ‘text speak’ when they send text. messages. Others prefer ‘normal’ English. Work in pairs and discuss. + Which do you use in your own language? Why? + Would you use text speak in any other types of writing? + Do you know any text speak in English? 2. Match the ‘text speak’ in the box with the words and phrases below. nn 2moro u wd 4 lw the ur 2 cu @ abt ge bw rx 1 about 9 love 2 and 10 you 3 are 11 see you 4 at 12 thanks 5 bytheway 13 to/two 6 for 14 tomorrow 7 great 15 would 8 kisses 16 your 5a. Complete the key phrases with the words in the box. correct order = Read the text messages Beam eee a 4 Hi, Katy! Thy 4 us meet 2moro.cu @ R 2s wd ee Fantastic!!! What is it? rue Rewrite the messages in ‘text speak 1 Hi Alex. Are you free tomorrow? Would you like to go to see a film? Love Ed 2 OK. What would you like to see? 3 How about The Queen and ? t's at the Odeon Cinema at 7.30 pm. 4 Great .. what time? 5 About 7.15? 6 See you there. By the way, | haven't got any money ... can you pay for my ticket? 7 lend you the money. 8 Thanks for that! See you tomorrow. Love and kisses, Alex. Work in pairs. Prepare a short conversation arranging night out by text. Either write the messages on Paper or send them by mobile phone. Peer ec aera (up to now) and things you've never done (in your life). Sete cg Me ca eens) Se ae ro RCC oticar csCommunication activities Unit 1: Task, Speaking Exercise 1, page 12 Bank Security = Ee | | — | | Family Law Associates Account name: Michiko Sato Account number: 9987 4433 Security questions Place of birth: Japan aie |] wicit sato | Country of residence: USA hi Married/Single: Married | Family lawyer ‘Security number: 34221 | _ _ Telephone: 212 544 9867 Email: [email protected] | ProfessionalfLink Profile Rereeeentt | Michiko Sato Fistrame Current: Family lawyer (Senior Last name ! Partner), Family Law | Associates, New York, USA. * —_ 4 ~ 5 years, 2 months Past: Family lawyer, Thomson Partners, New York, USA — 2 years, 3 months | | Personal details Email: s2to@familylawicom | Address: 416 Water Street, New York, NY 10002 Date of birth: 27.05.22Communication activities Unit 4: Grammar focus 2 Practice, Exercise 3, page 37 Student A Tom Daley ‘Tom Daley is a champion diver He comes from Plymouth ~ a town on the south coast of England, He lives there with his mother and two brothers. He spends a lot of his time training in Plymouth and in diving competitions all around the world. ‘Tom loves diving. He says, ... in the air, you're free, It's dangerous, but I love it!’ Tom doesn't have a lot of free time because he studies at the same time. He likes studying languages, especially Spanish. Unit 5: Grammar focus 2 Practice, Exercise 3c, page 47 Mexico quiz 1 Mexico has got borders with three other countries: the USA, Guatemala and Belize. 2 The national language is Spanish, but many people understand English ~ especially in tourist areas and near the borders, 3 The population of Mexico City, including the surrounding area, is about 18 milion. 4 There are alot of traffic problems, so from Monday to Friday you can only drive your car into the city centre four times. 5 Many Mexicans travel around by taxi. The traditional colours for taxis in the city centre are red and gold. 6 Offices are usually open in Mexico City from 9.00 in the morning to 7.00 in the evening. 7 There are many famous Mexicans. For example: + Thalia: she's a singer. * Carlos Slim Heli: he’s a businessman, + Salma Hayek: she’s an actor. Unit 11: Task, Speaking Exercise 1a, page 102 TeamA Countries 1 Riyadh is the capital city of Saudi Arabia. 2. India has around 1,600 languages. Science 3 There are 100,000 centimetres in a kilometre. 4 Your heart beats approximately 100,000 times a day. Sport. 5 The 2012 Olympics were in London, England. 6 The most popular indoor sport in the USA is basketball History 7 Marie Cure is famous for discovering radium, 8 Walt Disney was born in 1901 and died in 1966. Arts 9 Will Smith stars in the 2072 film Men in Black 3. 10 Adele isthe first female singer to have three songs in the Top Ten at the same time. Unit 10: Grammar focus 1 Practice, Exercise 1b, page 89 - Answers 1 Denzil is holding a mobile phone, 2 Melis wearing blue jeans and a red jumper. 3 Kim is eating a sandwich, 4 Frankis sitting under a tree. 5 Pippa is wearing a green dress. 6 Tom is reading a newspaper. 7 Vetis sending a text message. 8 Three people are wearing sunglasses. Unit 13: Task, Speaking Exercise 1b, page 120 Mostly a: You are a dynamic person who is ready to do anything to be a success in lfe. Perhaps you will be a successful businessperson, manager or you will work in finance. But remember .. money doesn’t buy happiness! Mostly b: Job satisfaction and ‘making a difference’ are more important to you than just money. Medicine, teaching or social work might be the jobs for you. Mostly c: You have so much energy and you love to be outdoors. You might be a sportsperson, 2 fitness coach .. ‘or you might prefer to be something quiet, like a gardener. Mostly d: You are a creative, person so a nine-to-five job in an office probably isn’t for you. Perhaps you will be a successful musician, writer, interior designer .. or even a celebrity chef!Communication activities Unit 4: Grammar focus 2 Practice, Exercise 3, page 37 Student B Victoria Pendleton Victoria Pendleton is an Olympic cyclist. She comes from Bedford in south-east England, but now she lives in Wilmslow in the north of England. She trains in Manchester, which is nearby, and takes part in many cycling races around the world, love training’ she says, ‘and that's why I doit. But ete racing” In her free time, Victoria lies making clothes and cooking {or her fiends. She also works on a campaign to improve women's health and fimess. Unit 6: Grammar focus 2 Exercise 1b, page 55 ‘The British love chocolate... the average British person eats about 11 kg of chocolate every year. That's about three bars of chocolate every week on average. One of the top countries for eating chocolate is Switzerland, ‘The average Swiss person eats about 12 kg every year. In China, people eat more rice than almost any other country in the world .. about 96 kg every year on average. In Britain, people eat much less rice... the average British person only eats about 4 kg of rice every year. The average British person eats about 500 potatoes every ‘year. That's about ten potatoes every week on average. ‘One of the top countries for eating potatoes is Belarus. ‘The average Belarusian person eats about 880 potatoes every year — that's about 17 potatoes every week. Many people think Great Britain is the number one tea- drinking country in the world... the average British person drinks about 1,095 cups of tea every year. That's about three cups of tea every day. But actually, people in Ireland drink even more tea than ths... about 1,460 cups every year ~ that's about four cups a day. Unit 7: Grammar focus 2 Practice, Exercise 3a, page 63 Student A ‘Complete the gaps with the Past simple form of the verb in brackets. 1. Grace Hopper is famous for being a mathematician ‘and computer scientist. She helped to create the first ‘computer and she (create) the COBOL ‘computer programming language. 2 She (be) born on Sth December 1906 in New York, USA. 3 Asa child, she (love) taking machines apart (eg clocks) to see how they worked. 4 She_____(graduate) from university with a degree in maths and physics. 5 She then___(become) the first woman to get {a PhD in Maths from Yale University 6 After that, she (get) a job teaching maths at university. 7 She_____ {not stay) at the university. In 1941, she (work) as a computer programmer and Consultant in the navy. 8 In 1949, she __"_ (be) part of the team which developed one of the world’s first computers 9 After that, she (develop) COBOL—a ‘computer programming language which is til in use. 10 She (die) in 1992, aged 85. Unit 11: Task, Speaking Exercise 1a, page 102 Team B Countries 1 Zagreb is the capital city of Croatia 2 The official languages in Belgium are French, German and Dutch. Science 3 There are 86,400 seconds in a day. 4 Sharks have no bones and can have 30,000 teeth in their lifetime. Sport 5 The 2002 football World Cup was in Japan and South Korea. 6 A marathon race is 42.195 kilometres long, History 7 Madonna was born in 1958, 8 Shakespeare wrote 38 plays. Arts 9 Jeremy Renner stars in the 2072 film The Bourne Identity. 10. The singer Emeli Sandé comes from Scotland.Communication activities Unit 6: Grammar focus 1 Practice, Exercise 3a, page 53Communication activities Unit 7: Grammar focus 2 Practice, Exercise 3a, page 63 Student B Complete the gaps with the Past simple form of the verb in brackets. 1 Steve Jobs is famous for being a businessman, designer and inventor. He (be) co-founder and chief executive at Apple. 2 He (be) born on 24th February 1955 in California, USA. 3 He was adopted because his parents __(be) students and couldn't look after him. 4 Asa child, he (love) electronics and making things with his hands. 5. When he was at school, he Woaniak, who also loved electronics. 6 He____ (start) university in 1972, but he (not finish) the course. 7 When he was 24, he (travel) around India and (become) a Buddhist. 8 After that, he (get) a job at Atari as 2 computer technician, with Wozniak. 9 In 1976, Jobs and Wozniak __(start) their own company called the Apple Computer Company. 10 He (ie) in 2011, aged 56. (meet) steve Unit 11: Task, Speaking Exercise 1a, page 102 Team C Countries 1 Hanoi is the capital city of Vietnam. 2 The official amguage of Egypt is Arabic. Science 3. There are five to six litres of blood in an average human body. 4. The speed of light is approximately 300,000 kilometres per second. Sport 5 There are five players in a basketball team. 6 Lionel Messi is one of the highest paid footballers ever. He's worth over $110 million. History 7 Nelson Mandela was bom in 1978, 8 Mozart died at the age of 35. Arts 9 The musical The Phantom of the Opera is set in Pars. 10 Enrique Iglesias sang the hit song Tonight in 2011 Unit 10: Grammar focus 1 Practice, Exercise 1b, page 89 1. Answer as many questions as you can. 1. What is Denzil holding in his hand? 2 What is Mel wearing? 3 What is Kim eating? 4 Where is Frank sitting? 5 What colour dress is Pippa wearing? © What is Tom reading? : 7 What is Val doing? 8 How many people are wearing sunglasses? 2. Check your answers on page 133. Unit 11: Task, Preparation Exercise 4, page 102 Countries 1 The River Ganges isin India. The river is approximately 2,500 kilometres long, starting in the Himalayan mountains. It lows through India and Bangladesh and ‘out into the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean. 2 Limais the capital city of Peru. * Science 3. There are approximately 1.6 kilometres in a mile — or 06 miles in a kilometre, 4 The sun is approximately 150 millon kilometres from the Earth. Sport 5 Spain won the football World Cup in 2010. it was in South Africa and they beat the Netherlands in the final, with a score of 1-0. 6 Wimbledon is a tennis club in England. The main championships there are in June every year. History 7 Boris Yeltsin was the President of Russia from 1991 to 1999, Viadimir Putin was president from 2000 to 2008. Dmitry Medvedev became president in 2008. 8 Mount Vesuvius destroyed the city of Pompeii, near Naples in Italy in the year a0 79. Etna is also a voleano in Italy Arts 9 Beyoncé sang the hit song Crazy n Love in 2003. The song also featured the rapper Jay-Z, who became her husband, 10 The name of Bart Simpson's father in the TV series The Simpsons is Homer, His mother is called Marge and he's got two sisters called Lisa and Maggie.Communication activities Unit 14: Task, Speaking Exercise 1b, page 129 Malki for a minute! B (Books) Have you read many digital versions of books? Would ‘you rather read a digital version or a real book? Why? ‘What are the advantages and disadvantages of each one? (Computers) How important are computers in your life? How often, do you use a computer and what for? D (DvDs) Would you rather watch a DVD at home or go to see a film at the cinema? Why? E (English) How long have you studied English? How do you feel about your progress? Which areas of English are you {g00d at? Which areas would you like to improve? F (Future) What are you going to do when this course finishes? ‘What are your plans for your studies, career and holidays? G (Games) How often do you play computer games? Which are your favourites? Do you play any other games? Which ones? J Uobs) Have you ever had a really boring job or 2 really interesting job? What job would you most like to do? Why? K (Keeping in touch) How important is it for you to keep in touch with ‘your friends? How do you mostly keep in touch? Why? L (Learning) How many different types of technology have you used for learning English? Which ones do you think are most useful? Why? M (Mobile phones) How do you feel if someone interrupts your conversation to use their mobile phone? How often do you use your phone when you are out with friends or at a meal with other people? 0 (Old) Have you ever seen an old silent black-and-white ‘movie? Do you like that kind of film? What is your favourite type of film? Why? P (Photos) How often do you take photos? What do you usually use to take photos (phone, camera, etc)? Do you store your photos online or in a photograph album? Why? R (Recycling) How many old phones and chargers have you recycled? Do you recycle other things? Do you think ‘you do enough recycling? 'S (Shopping) Have you done much shopping online? Do you prefer shopping online or in real shops? Why? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each one? T (Technology) Have you ever spent a day without any technology? How would you feel if all technology disappeared completely? What would you miss most? Why? W (Writing) Have you ever written a letter in English? Do you often write letters or send cards to people? Why / Why not?from Valencia. | astudent. [practice 4 Complete the sentences with am, isorare. 1 1__rom spin 2 she astudent 3 You___25 years old 4 They alan, 5 My teacher from Scotland 6 We Astalian, Eu es be: positive and negative short forms tn (2am) You're (= you are) He's (= hei) ‘She's (= she is) ; Is (=itis) ‘you are not) | You aren't Hesn't he fs nt) Also {you aren't = (you're not) he/she e/she/it’s not) ‘welthey aren't = (we/they're not) [practice 2 [practice 3 1 Rewrite the sentences using short forms, She is on business. ‘She's on business. 1 Heis a student. 2 Lam Marta 3 You are on holiday. 4 |amnot married. 5 We are not from Madrid, 6 We are from Rome. 2 Write the short form of be in the correct place, 11 from Poland 2 He at work. 3 Younat English. 4 They italian 5 Inot a student. 6 She 19 years old. ue es Articles with jobs We use a/an for jobs + Use.an before vowels (2, 0, u) anactor,anengineer + Usea before consonants (b,¢ df ‘adoctor, musician 11 Write the jobs in the box in the correct column in the table. ‘engineer footballer actor “lawyer doctor STUDY 4 be: personal questions 1 Question words ‘Whee [s | your jobe Where fe 's are your teacher? are they?2 Questions and short answers Questions ‘Short answers Ami British? | Yesslam | No,tmnot ‘are you marred?” | Yes. youre. | No,youaren't Ishe Australian? Yes,hels, No, he isnt Ieshe | onholiday? Yes sheis. No, she n't. isit Friday? | Yesitis. | Notisnt Arewe friends? Yes, weare. | No, we arent | Arethey | new York? _ Yes they are, | No, they arent [PRACTICE 4 1 Complete the questions with how, what or where. What's your name? 1___oldare you? 2___‘'syour job 3 re you from? 4 do you spell your surname? 5 your work number? ey Personal pronouns and possessive adjectives Personal baa pronouns 1 My nome’ James Tylor you How oldis your ea? te i His adress 16 Leyton Road se her Whats her telephone muber? it ts The horse hurt seg we on ur son ss yeos ld they ther What stheirema adress? [practices 1 Choose the correct answers. 1A: How old are you / your? 11 My am 26. 2 His / He name's Tomas. His / He's @ musician and his / he's from Argentina. 3 Mel and | are students. They / We are in Dublin now. We / Our address is 24 Elm Drive. 4 Julio is from Italy. Hs / My children are Alessia and Silvio. They ! She are two and four years old, 5 Selena is 2 doctor and you / she is from Australia, She / Her home town is Sydney. 6 Jenny and David are marred. Ther / They are on holiday with their / they children, SSS a ced ‘COUNTRIES AND NATIONALITIES. Australia Austell ‘pan japanese Bai -Braiian Poland Polish ‘China - chinese Russia Ruslan ‘Great Btn — Britsh Spain Spanish Ireland — sh the USA American fely~ lian Vietnam ~ Vietnamese os an cor lawyer a businessman ‘a muscon a businesswoman police officer 23 docior 2 shop assistant ‘anengineer singer footballer avaiter an adress phone/mobite number aiid realy? rmaried single aname student con business tourist on holiday Dublin London Moscow h IIL TILE ieal this/that, these/those mes ths 00 these (boots) [ane | that (book) “Singular L those (books) Plurat Davi, this is Janet Dean, Look at that car over there! Are these your keys? Who are those people? REMEMBER! Inthe answer, we usually use it's o they're A: What'sthis/that? B:t'sa creditcard, ‘A: What are these/those? B: They re sweets. Nouns: singular and plural Singular Plural Spelling i creditcard creditcard +5 i watch —— watches + -es(after-ch th, -5,-%-2) family familes + ies (consonant + -y >is) Possessive ’s + We use a person + “for posession. Jane's brother NOT the brother of Jane Patrick's computer my fathers name + We usually use of before things or places. picture ofa car NOT car's picture the Queen of England NOT England's Queen the Statue of Uberty NOT Liberty’ Statue If the first noun is plural the apostrophe comes after thes ‘my parents’ house (= two parents) the teachers'room (= many teachers) Apostrophes We use apostrophes: + with the short forms of sand has. He'son holiday. She's got two sisters: + to show possession. annals teacher My two cousins school We do not use apostrophes to show that noun is plural These are my keys. NOT These are my key’ They've gat two babies. [practice 1 Complete the sentences with ths, that, these or those, 1B: Sonia, _is my friend Mariko. B: Hello, Mariko. : Hi, Sonia 2 |s___.. man over there your father? 3 Are your keys over there on the table? 4 Look at___photos here, 5 {is my phone here. 6 children over there are my cousins. 2 Putan apostrophe before the s where necessary. ‘Ave these your keys? Thats Annas bag. Shes got two sisters, Whats the matter? Hes Lauras cousin. >My fathers name is Sam. Hes got three dogs. Whats your brothers name? have got 1 Positive, negative and question forms = We use have got for: + possession, Ive got anew mobile phone, My school's got 25 computes. + relationships. Juan'sgot anew gifiend. They vegot three children. We can use have instead of have got in positive sentences. My schoo! has 25 computers. Thay have three children, VYourWe/They've got (= have got) a new phone. He/She/it’s got (= has got) aw. UYourWerthey haven't got (= havenot got) a dog. ~ He/Shesit hasn't got (= has not got) a motorbike. > Have lfyoulwelthey got a dictionary? Has he/she/it got aca Yes, tyouhwe/they have. Yes, he/she/it has. No, Vyou/we/they haven't. | No, he/she/it hasn't.REMEMBER! He's American, eis) E oTHeR He's got an American ear. (= he has) aaa = We do not use the short form of the vet in short answers ‘eth ea Yes, Ihave. NOT Yes, I've. oe ae es he has. NOT Yes, he's eunerest on Sea RR NCT RY Felon character ere 2 Question forms with question words Hombre? Teractice tat tcket number have you got? é What sicher — 11 Complete groups 1-4 below with the words in the box. PRACTICE 2 acamera grandchildren an aunt parents a brother Tract ~ mobile phone nephew agrandfather niece 1 Choose the correct answers. mother cousins a OVD player ‘My mother 'vegor / ‘sgt anew car Cathy and Phil have got / hasn't got three children. haven't got / hasn'tgot a creditcard. Sam haven't got / hasn't got his mobile phone with him. We haven't got / has gota pet. My mobile phone ‘sgot ‘ve got a camera, 1a father, an uncle, 2 aslster, grandmother, 3 children, grandparents, 4 aTV,acomputer, 2 Put the words in the box into the correct category. 2 Write questions with have you got ot are you. Salonkalinre= aye Gymnas Have you gota car? 2 packet of chewing gum a wallet 1 mmartied? rn 2 2 big family? * 3 Howold___? Money Food and drink Books a an interesting job? Mon i 5 at nivesiy? 6 a pet? 7 ow many brothers and sisters 2 eee 3 Choote the correct answers. 9 acemputer at home? 1 Maras my aunt, so she's my father's mother sister / 10 from Australi? dughter 2. Aliismy grandfather, so he's my father's son / husband / father. Payee 3. My motheris my father’s ster / daughter wife 4 amis my unce so he's my grandmathers sn / EveRYOAY OncTs husband brother. bee ais 5. My sster'sson my grandson / nephew nice, ote of water 2 memory tk 6 Yuko and Hiro ae my son's boys so they are my tame 2 moble phone (bile) grandson | grandchildren / grandparent. coin 2 packet of chewing gum 7 My father’s grandchild is my cousin husband / tet cart spe ble os eh 8. My brothers daughters my nephew /nlece / cous, (rok ance bee 9 Maryismy mather and Tom is my father, 50 they ae my cousins /parents grandparents. = = 10. Lydiais my aunt's daughter, so she's my — niece / mother / cousin. *hayiengiend a hubandie thrtherser 2 moter tonsa ¢ nepewhlce eetien pares ‘tpendmothergadither a sonar sedans teindfot 1 grandson/granddaughterSie a Present simple: positive and negative (you, we, ti live inabigcty. a (ouWeThey hhave lunch at home. = oun ot twenty bs kin an office. ‘We use the Present simple: + for things that are generally/always true. | work or a big company. Wetive in London. They don't speak Russian. + for habits and outines They getup very early. {study a (ot at the weekend. ‘She goes to work at9.00.a.m. [practice 11 Complete the sentences with the positive or negative form of the verb. We live in a house. We don't ive in a flat. v4 ‘to work by bus. I don't go to work by car. 2 You are from Spain. You from aly. They have lunch in a café. They lunch at home, f ina hospital. | don’t work in a school we students, We aren't teachers. You get up very earty. You late, leat alot of meat. alot of vegetables, ‘They study at the weekend. They. in the evenings a1 {or a big company. | work for a small company. 10! alot of coffee. I drink lot of tea, 2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box. live (2) study don’t live speak go (x2) finish don't go have My name's Ana and in Budapest, the capital city ‘of Hungary. Most people here=____in fats with their families, but we? ina flat We've got a small house with a garden, Ive got three brothers but no sisters. My brothers * to school and economics and English at university English is important and most people here‘ it wal Most people here ” to work at 9 o'clock in the ‘morning and * at o'clock. They * home forluncs they have lunch inthe office oat café. Then they ‘abig meal at home in the evening. ee) Be Present simple: questions and short answers (U.you, we, they) oe ae study a university? {0 to bed late? ‘Yes, Uyou/we/they do. No, lyoufwe/they don't. | ‘Question form | Do liyou/we/they Short answers REMEMBER! ‘Wedo not use the full verb in the short answer. Do youve with your parents? Yes, 1do. NOT Yes, live. ‘No, don't. NOT No, | don'ttive. + Also: Have yougot dog? Yes, thave. NOT Yes, Ihave got. ‘No, I haven't, NOT No, haven't got. ‘Are they from Chile? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. [practice2 * 1 Complete the questions and short answers with the correct form of the verb in brackets. ‘A: Do vou go (ge) to school by car? B: Yes, do (ive) in New York? — (work) at home? (get up) early? (have Breakfast? (study) Russian? 2 Complete the gaps with do/don',are/aren't or have/haven't. ‘A: Do you live ina flat? B: No, I don't 1 Marek and Monika married? No, they 2 ‘your parents go out alot? Yes, they. 3 you gota new computer? B: No, 4 A: _ you have lunch ina cafe at the weekend? Yess! 5 you work in the city centre? No, they from Iealy? No, theyEa) Telling the time After the hour, we use past. Before the hour, we use 0, 305 = five past three en past three quarter past three 3.20 = twenty past three 3.25 = twenty-five past three 3.30 = half past three 3.35 = twenty-five to four 3.40 = twenty to four 3.45 = quarter to four 3.50 = ten to four 3.55 = five to four ‘We can also say three-o-fve (3.05), three ten (3.10), three forty-five (2.45), ete. at on in at 10 o'clock at night at the weekend at midday at lunchtime ‘on Sunday fon weekdays in the moming inthe afternoon in the evening [pRActice 3 11 Write the times. quarter to four five past six twenty-five to eleven half past eight ten twenty twenty to twelve quarter past three nine o'clock quarter to ten 2 Waite the times. 125 fi 2 330 b 615 © 5.10 1100 e545 f 935 & h i | 355 720 940 105 ital TSS aces COMMON VERBS. togetupat730am /early /late tollvelnahovse/at/dty togotowork/ tobed eaty//out tole with my parents/iends alot to study vey hard / English / tohavea bath/shower In the a unversiy moming to work nan office at home / tohave brestfasvlunch/dinner for abigeompany tehave lunch at home /inacalé TELUNG THE TIME ight itv five tonne seven forty-five / quarter to eight five oclock ‘ten twenty / twenty past ten cone thity /half past one ‘wo fteen 7 quarter past two beach shopping centre block of fats small shops ‘cinema street market pak asupenmaiat ‘restaurant «swimming pool corner acity (inthe) evening (3) lnchtime {inthe) moming (ot) middey (ce) weekseys {et midnighe toopen - {etthe) weekend tostar todose town tofnish avilage (inthe) atemoon PRACTICE 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. have tive study getup go work V ina big flat in Milan. 2 They breakfast in a café atthe weekend. 3 We English aftr school. 4t {a 600 in the moming. 5 You to school by bus and train, 6! Tong hours for a big company. 2 Choose the correct answers. 1 getup at /on half past seven. 2 They play football n / on Saturdays. 3 Doyouhave lunch on / at midday? 4 | don't work at /on the weekend, 5 Do they sleep on /in the afternoons? 6 | goto bed early at / on weekdays. 7 Wewatch TV in /at the evenings. 8 The shops close at /on lunchtime.Ea Present simple: positive and negative (he/she/it) In the he/she/it positive form of the Present simple, we add -stothe verb. He tives in London. Shehates dogs. Itopens at 5 o'clock. + These are the spelling rule for he/shefit. | Paul wants 3 new car mostverbs | 2045 eth comes from the USA. fendsin | change consonant | -yto This airine flies to Poland, +y es Andy watches a lot of TV Fran finishes work at 5.30 pm, >My manager goes home at 9.00 pum. | Pat does all the housework. have has He has breakfast at 7.00 am. + We form the negative with doesn't (= does not) + verb. He doesn't eat meat. NOT He doesn't eats. ‘She doesn't like coffee ‘doesn’t open on Sundays Ukes dogs. + Hester eee ark = tarsheme S985 tke (= doesnot ke) Chinese food. i doesn't eat (= does not eat) fish. Likes/dislikes with nouns and -ing ‘When we talk about things we like and don't tke, we can use the verbs like love and hate followed by either a noun or the -ing form of averb. He Ukes playing football with his friends. They don't like dogs. I hate watching portonT. She lororchoceees [practice7 — 1 Write te shee form ofthe vbs. 1 bow 6 hate 2 stuty 76 3 listen 8 work 4 atch 9 have sé tke peel 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb Inbrackets. 1 Sayed (hate) cats. 2 Dominic {not have) breakfast at 6 o'clock 3 Louise (not like) fying. 4 Josh (love) his mobile phone. 5 Emil {not watch) TV in the evenings. 6 Jin’s vite (do} alot of homework. 7 My sister (wea) nice clothes. 8 Carls (finish) work a 6 pam. 13 Find and correct the mistake with one verb in each sentence. 1 He likes play computer games 2 They love cook dinner for their fiends. 3. Shehhate cats and dogs. 4 lke get up late at the weekend. 5 We love go on holiday to Spain, 6 He like coffee for breakfast. 7 ate go to work by bus. She loves watch films on TV. STUDY 2 Phrases for time and frequency ‘We use frequency adverbs and the Present simple to say how often ‘we do something. * (0% + 100% never not often sometimes often usually always + We usually put the adver before the verb, Ben ever goes to museums {don't often visi my brother’ family + We put the adverb after the verb be. The wintersare sometimes very cold. {rmnotoften homein the evenings + We use different prepositions with different time phrases. inthe moring,n the afternoon, inthe evening onvweekdays, on Monday, on Saturday atthe weekend, night [practice 2 1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. in the evening / usualy / Elen / studies Ellen usually studies inthe evening. 1. me / You /lsten to /never always /am at school /I/ at 9 ofclock catches / He /the bus / often / to work ime / sometimes / on Sundoy / My sister / visits She / for class / often is late on television / never / watch /1/ football sometimes /at home /They / English / speak / never athome / children / My / are the weekend / out / often / We / don't goat in/ the / My fiat /is often / evenings / coldBye} Present simple: questions and short answers (he/she/it) ‘We form he/she/it Present simple questions with does + verb. Does he live with his parents? Does she ike London? Does it open ate? | lve with your | Questionform — Doesheishesit | UNEWith you? ' Yes, hefsheit does. Short answers no, he/she/t doesn't Wh- questions Notice how we form Wh- questions with the Present simple. think of Japan? whet | doe | neste | hike Where | does | Juan camefram What time | does | Meas start? Ana getup? [practice 3 1 Complete the sentences with do/don't or does/doesn't. 1 As__you like swimming? Not What time the Fl fish? ‘A: ____your parents live near here? Yes, they Where your boyfriend work? ‘A: __ your mother speak English? B: No, she 6 When your class start? 2 Match the questions with the answers. Does your brother like Vancouver? ‘Where does Elizabeth come from? Where does Mr Reed live? oes Maria live in Birmingham? oes it rain a lot in Dubai? oes she like shopping? 'No, she doesn't, She lives in Marbella, Yes, she does. She loves it. No, It doesn't. Yes, he does. He loves it He's gota flat in San Francisco. ‘She comes from Australia. iss Stal Seeds actives cooking reading oxcing spending time onthe internet dancing spending time with fiends going fr walls seeing playing computer games watching sport ‘PHRASES FOR TIME AND FREQUENCY aways ene tribe meted te ieee nea bison tines Inthe moming a ovven ae in your fe tine aaah inthe beta athe tne ister Seething Ceres fovea Fende ncaest Siekanile Serta pon nee ‘rena pos torr wth rds tohave fn sei evoking sites ‘ohare arest wore oi [practice 1 Add letters to complete the words in the sentences. 1 like g___g fora walk with my dog. 2 Sheloves s______g time with friends. 3 He likes p_____ g computer games. 4 Theylike s______gtimeon the internet. 5 love c_____g meals for my family. 6 Shellkes ¢_____ gin the park at weekends. 7 Helikesw______gsporton TV. 8 Welove g___ ¢ to museums at the weekend, 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. ‘You cannot use two of the words. ‘always weekend relax check think weekdays have fresh free_moming 1 getup at 7 o'lock in the 2 He loves football. He____plays with friends on Saturdays 3 |___myemall about ten times every day. 4 She loves being inthe. She goes fora walk every day. 5 They___with fiends on Friday evenings. 6 {goto the gym in my ___ time. 7m tired after work, $0 1___ a rest when | get home. 8 | work hard from Monday to Friday, but | don't work at the.2 al can/can't: possibility and ability ‘We use cam to say that it is possible to do something. You ean take a train from Paddington Station to Heathrow Airport. + We use can't to say that its impossible to do something. We can't ake a taxi because we've only got £20. + We use can to say we are able to do something. Peter can speak German very well + We use can’t to say we are not able to do something, ‘ean'tplay the guitar. REMEMBER! + We always use the base form ofthe verb after can, He canwalk to school NOT He can was t school. NOT He can to walk to school, + We don't use do/does to make the question form, Can you speak English? NOT Doyou can speak English? | can go by train. [+ Wou/ He/shertt/ WerThey Pat | = Wout He/She/t/ WerThey 7 Can Uyou/he/sheritwerthey | buy the tickets? ‘can't speak Arabic. [practice 7_ 11 Use can andcan't to make sentences about your school. buy drinks and snacks You can buy drinks, but you can't buy snacks. 1 study other languages (not only English) park your car come to evening classes study on computers use the lbrary atthe weekend speak tothe teachers at any time ‘eat lunch in the school wirite in the textbooks 2 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. 1 drive / She /acar/ can’t the guitar / you / Can / play ? you / understand /1/ can't they / for us/ tickets / get / Can ? Indian food / cook / he / Can ? Japanese / He / can / can't / but / write it / speak / he can't by bus / You / to work / go English / they / Can / speak? ‘can play football very wel, ‘can't (= cannot) go by bus 3 Complete the sentences with can or can't. 1 I'msorry but visitors to the hospital_park here. ‘You__use my mobile phone if you want. Students borrow three books for one week You __— leave your bicycle here. Please put it ouside. Please bring your IO card because you You pay with cash or creditcard Sorry, you ___ bring food or dink nt the theatre. STUDY 2 Articles: a/an, the and no article 1 a/an ~ indefinite article We use a oran: + with jobs. man arts. + with a singular noun to mean ‘one. Tvegota new motorbike. + with these phrases: alotof along ime 2 the ~ definite article We use the: + when there i one of something * the capital cy of France with parts ofthe day. inthe morning inthe afteroon BUT atnight With the names of some countries. the USA, the UK ‘with these phrases: Inthe city centre onthe leftight 3 noarticle ‘We do not use, an or the: + with most names of people. Myname's Diana. with towns and cities. 1'm from Chicago. with most countries. ‘Naplesisin aly. BUT the UK, the USA, the Czech Republic. with by and a type of transport. ‘by bus, by tran, by car ‘with times ane days. ‘on Monday at 3o'clock + with these phrases: 0 to work athome ‘most people You ____ bring your mobile phone into the exam room. center without it,[practice 2 1 Complete the sentences with a,an, the or ~ (ne article). 1. Mynameis___John.'m__economist and live in Usa, 2 There are___ lot of new shops in 3. Lusually do my homework in sometimes | finish it at city centre. morning, but night. 4 Most people go to__work by _bus in my town, 5 Ilivein_____ London, but my parents are from Czech Republic. 6 He goes to school from _ Monday to_Friday, and he works in__restaurant on ___ Saturdays. 7 1am_____home all day today, so please phone me before 2o'cock, 8 Daniel is my cousin. He is__architect and he lives i Manchester. 9 My mum wants new camera, 10 They have got____ big house in__village in South Africa. 2 Cross out the extra word in each sentence. 1. The Bangkok in Thailand, 2 ima businessman and | usually work from the Monday to Friday, Marie finishes school a the 3 o'clock. Chris goes to the work at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, ‘The Mr William's office Ison the right. Sam's @ teacher in the Ireland, He usually travels by an underground to the city centre, 8 | usually have a breakfast at 9 o'clock at the weekend. 9 Giovanna comes from the Italy, but now she lives in the UK, 10 I've got a bicycle, but | usually go to work by the train. 3 Choose the correct answers, ‘Stephanie is Canadian but she lives in ‘the /— USA, She lives inan// the apartment inthe /~cty centre and she goes to work on ‘the /~ foot. She's ‘a / the businesswoman and works fora / big company. ‘She works very long hours. She usually starts work at 8 o'clock in’a / the morning and finishes at 11 o'clock at" /—night. She sometimes works on Saturdays, too. Ata the weekend she sometimes flies to "the / - Canada to see her family. The journey to "the /~ Toronto takes "a /~long time. Then she has to travel by "—/ the bus to her Parents’ house. mm REMEMBER THESE WORDS ‘TRANSPORT abicye (abla) an underground tain abus odie aca sar ‘fly to the aiport afery to get of bus or train motorbike ‘to geton a bus or uain ‘aplane torideabieycle ‘scooter tori a scooter ata to take abuso train atrain to vat fora bus or tran atram to valk to work TRAVELLING. to board the plane destination ‘aboardng pass 2 fghe/gace number ‘twbook your ticket online to go through immigration checkin desk contr delayed to g0 through security Departures luggage commer tofly several times a week/month journey tosmoke ‘once/twice a week/month terminal (biting) public transport = 1 Choose the correct answers, 1 He usually dives / rides his scooter to work. 2 I get on / off the bus and then walk for five minutes ‘to work Do you drive / ride your bicycle to work? ‘She takes a ferry / tram across the river to work. ‘She always drives / rides her car really fast. They take / drive abus to school every morning. | usually walk / wait fora bus atthe bus stop for about 20 minutes. Sometimes | can't get on / in the bus because it's {ull of people. 2 conte hss th th words nbs igh pata dled tow dk oe Mame : enjoy ple tt on cayeuninecny yp sry aise irg ane des Losier none ng Tete — tena bd ete. (a eon ep Kometns a sag antsy Yate pyr omg sane aru plete eaBe) al thereis and there are; some and any 1 Countable and uncountable nouns Countable nouns Uncountable nouns | eags | milk apples butter books money dogs music + We can use countable nouns in the singular or plural Have you gota cat? Do you like eats? + Uncountable nouns do not have a plural Do,you like classical music? NOT Do you lke classical musics? Note: A dictionary usually says if @ noun is countable (or uncountable. REMEMBER! Bread, toast, cake, mil, frutjuice, water, coffee and tea ar all, Luncountable nouns, but we can tak about: * apiece of bread/toast/cake, * glass of mitk/ fruit juice / water, + acup of coffee/tea. We can also talk about a coffee (= two cups of tea ‘cup of coffee) and two teas 2 there is and thereare Singular Plurat Lt There's a cup. There are six plates. | = There isnt a bottle of milk. There aren't any cups. 2, |Sthere aglas of orange | juice? ‘Are there any glasses? Yes, there are. No, there aren't, 3 some and any SOME + We use some in postive sentences when we don't say exactly how many or how much, Have some grapes! There's some soup and bread for lunch, + some = a small number / a small amount Notice the difference: some onions —_alotof onions some money alot of money ; *+ We usually use any or no in negatives with plural and ‘uncountable nouns. ‘haven't got any money. (= 've got ne money.) There aren't any emails. (= There are no emails) Thereisn‘tany time, (= There's no time) *+ We usually use any in questions with plural and uncountable nouns. Have you gotany brothers o sisters? ‘Ave thereany buses a night? (sthere any meat a this soup? Singular Plural countable Uncountable |__ countable noun noun noun i ‘ There aresome Ive got some + | There's an apple, wesanarrie grapes, soup _ Ihaven't got Wehaven't got There isnt any abowl any glasses. water. 2 Isthereacinema | Arethere any Have you got any here? | shops? money? REMEMBER! ‘With plural and uncountable nouns: * we can also use some in these questions: Would you like some cheese/coffes/grapes? = Have you got some grapes / mineral water? * we usualy use some in this question: Can | have some wine/cake/oranges? [practice 7” 1 Write sentences about your town using theres orthere are. There ara restaurants airport. station trams university beaches, 2 Write questions and short answers using the prompts. restaurant in your town ‘Ave there any restaurants in your town? ‘No. there aren‘. 1 water in that bottle Yes, 2 beaches in your town No, 3 milkin the fridge ? Yes, 4 olives in the salad 23 Complete the sentences with some orany. ‘Are there any Mexican students in your class? 1 Mdlike ater, please. 2 haven't got __ brothers or sisters. 3 I've got____ emails from my students 4 I'm sorry but there Isn't_mik 5 Arethere___ films on TV tonight? 6 There are people outside. 7 We haven't got____oranges. 8B Isthere___ bread? Eu a4 how much and how many + We use how many with countable plural nouns How many brothers/chlren/oranges have you got? How many cakes does Paul eat every day? + We use how much with uncountable nouns. How much rce/mitk/money have we got? How much coffee does Elena drink every week? REMEMBER! ‘We use how much to ask about prices. How much isit/his/that? How much are they/these/those? ‘AcHow much doesit cost? Brits £10, AsHow much do they cost? B:They're £50. Deractice 2 1 Choose the correct answers. 1. How many / much brothers and sisters have you got? 2. How many / much students is/are there in your class? 3 How many / much money have you got with you today? 4. How many / much languages can you speak? 5 How many / much football do you watch on TV every week? 6 How many / much homework is/are there today? 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. forange juice are chicken is plates many ‘much there 1 How {orks have we got? 2 How many do we need? 3 How. ‘soup would you like? 4 How much rice there? 5 How much ‘an you eat? 6 How many people here today? 7 How much, do you want? 8 How much sugar is in this cake? aa Sa edd FOOD: COUNTABLE NOUNS aap seme presen) ieee ev ‘tomate ea F000; UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS bead direct ine eee iam es it we 000, WORD PAS bread nd ater vend fort fahand ip ston peer toodan eek etna tri and vegeta, toandcotee abi onan capes pe bse) one ie deta fod a oat ivataeny ie aah festhyfneaty srallnedurvorg te) ayers von cater type ih anolive ‘vegetarian (food) [practice 1 Add letters to complete the food words. 2 Make food pairs using the words in the box. Make sure ‘you write them in the correct order. vegetables fish pepper coffee sour knife bread food sweet salt fork spices frit chips butter drink tea herbs feult an 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Beyaz Past simple: was/were | WHe/sherit was at home, U7 YounWe/They were at school | ilelShert wasnt (= was not) here, You/We/They weren't (= were not) at the cinema, Was Uhe/shesit at work yesterday? Were you/we/they on holiday? : Yes, Uhe/she/it was, | ‘Yes, you/welthey were | Short answers No elshelit wasn't | No, you/we/they weren't, REMEMBER! ‘was born in 1991, NOT /bofn in 1991. NOT was bornedin 1991, [PRActice 1 1 Do you remember the ‘Amazing children’ on page 60? Complete the sentences with was, were, wasn't or weren't. 1 There__a young composer. What _his name?’ 2 There pop group. What _the name of the op group? 3. What ____ the names ofthe twin actresses? Where they from? 4 There___any Olympicrunners, but there__an (Olympic skater. What __her narme? 5 There a young footballer. What _his name? {6 Father and daughter Ryan O'Neal and Tatum O'Neal both in a film together. One of them ___an Oscar winner, but one of them Which one the winner? 2 Write answers to the questions in exercise 1. 3 Complete the sentences with was/wasn't or were/weren't. 1\___born in Chicago on 22nd june 1977, but my parents * “American, They *_ from Ireland. My mother's name “_—Eiizabeth and my father'smname® tan, My mother very old when 1”__bomn She: 17 and my father®__19. When I™__12 years old, we ‘moved to Miarl in Florida. it "_lovely and hot there. We"? __arich family, but we "__happy. 150 STUDY 2 Past simple: regular and irregular verbs + We use the Past simple to talk about: ~ a sngle finshed action in the past. Myparents met in 1960. The film started at 7.30 p.m. ~ afinished state in the past. Kate had a happy childhood. We lived ina small city ~ a repeated action inthe past. a ‘She always phoned men Sunday evenings. They went swimming every day. + When we use the Past simple, we often say the time of the action in 1960, at 7.30 a.m.,on Sunday evenings 11 Regular verbs + We usually add -edto the verb. yourhe/she/it/we/they worked, wanted, finished, listened, watched, played + Other speling rules: Ver Rue ends in-e a She lived in France “(eg te) _ astyear | ends in consonant * : “vowel double the final He stopped work at | consonant consonant.» 5.30 pm, yesterday (eg stop) _ i - ends in consonant | studied economics change -yto-ied Pyle sad) | S10 ee Nas age 2 Irregular verbs Many common verbs have an iregular past form (see the lregular verb ist on page 175). go—went have had moat met fnow— knew [pRAcTice2 ~ - 1 Wt the past forms ofthe verbs. Vane 7 become 2 8 leave 3 make Set 4 begin 10 decide Ste take 6 want R2 Complete the sentences with the Past simple form of the verb In brackets. 1 1__ (lve inthe country when | was a child. 2 She (meet) her boyfriend a a party. 3 They (G0) tothe cinema last night. 4 |__— (leave) work eaiy yesterday, 5. He (want) tbe an actor wien he was 3 chil 6 We (have) apeni inthe park last Sunday. 7 She (study) fshion a rivers, 8 1__ (609) going tothe gym two months ago, ee Past time phrases We use different prepositions with diferent time phrases, 1in ‘We use in with a month, a year, a decade, a century. {in July, in 1999, inthe 1980s, in the 20th century 2on ‘We use on with particular days and parts of particular days ‘on Monday, on Friday afternoon, on my birthday, an 16th February 3 from... t0.. | worked for the company from 1994 to 2000. The lesson was from half past sixto 8o'clock. 4 yesterday, last and this | saw her yesterday. NOT Isaw heron yesterday. We went shopping last weekend, NOT We went shopping at last weekend, ‘He's going to university this September. NOT He's going to university inthis September. 5 ago (= before now) They got married six months ago. I phoned you about an hour ago. 6 when We tvedin Brazil when we were children, [practice 3 1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. when ago yesterday last in on when I went to Lima Iwas 20. 1 The concert started half an hour. | phoned jim morning. ‘We were in clas together year. ‘She care to Spain 2008. We took this photo we were on holiday. My birthday is 20th May. tS edd reeves toptaps tomer someone top SSiove ferent ound tepounerty cine topes temuiety toa sures toh chen teat woot tole ea tos rthaisoy asec ass Ustameerigh/Toetdy/ ——20yeus ton mintesgn esr wha 2 ers ch cunny/ yl ihey try mag stermeon th sence? afumcon/veranljer rae become lreoed treat tgs matte scomponr reine deceit onan fe tae ‘Betigot ‘start/started erent Sodje dinette tsetook Fovehed vaaieared hy wrote Sout - [practice 11 Complete the sentences with the Past simple form of the verbs in the box. nove leave work meet study stat get (2) ‘When | was 15, my family moved from Edinburgh to Dublin. He ___a job in a supermarket when he was 18, |__ maths and economics at university in Leeds. She school at 15 with no qualifications. He Sonia ast year and they _ married three months ago. 1___a business in 2010 selling children's clothes 1__—or that company five years ago. 2 Cross out the extra word in each sentence. ‘We played football on this meming. ‘When was ten years old ago, I cycled to school every day. She had a birthday party last at weekené. | went to the hairdresse's for three weeks ago, They went on holiday to Spain on last summer. ‘When lat she was a child, she played the piano, Yesterday moming ago, I was late for work | saw a rally good film on last Tuesday.STUDY 1 Past simple: negative form | start at 10.00 am, UvourHe/sher didn’t come to the park. lyWelThey | (=did not) do the homework change his phone number. + We use didn’t + the base form of the verb. ‘+ Regular and irregular verbs are the same. | didn't work a the weekend. NOT Ididn’t worked atthe weekend. He didn't play his guitar. NOT He didn't played his guitar. Shedidn't go shopping. NOT She didn't went shopping We didn't drive to the airport. NOT We didn’t drove to the airport. [practice 7 1 Complete the sentences, Use the negative form of the verbs inthe box. eat play wear drink go. listen watch drive ee. iene ‘Two hundred years ago, people: computer games. to pop music. hamburgers television. jeans. fizzy dink. to the cinema, 2 Rewrite the sentences with regular Past simple verbs in the negative form. | watched TV last right. I didn’t watch TV last night 11 He wanted to go out for dinner. 2 Iwalked to work yesterday morning, 3 She played the piano when she was a child 4 Iworked all day yesterday. 5 He talked to me on the phone, 6 They started the class at 6 o'clock 7 She listened to the radio at breakfast. 8 We finished work early yesterday. 3 Rewrite the sentences with negative form. He took the last piece of cake He did't take the last piece of cake. Tina read the letter this morning, Jilian left school last year. Sebastian went to work lastnight. They gave me a present, We drove here ‘They had breakfast this morning. I wrote that email Stacey did her homework lastnight. gular Past simple verbs in the Bue Past simple: question form + We form mast Past simple questions with di Questions walk to work today? sleep wall? Did | Vyou/he/she/it/they Short answers Yes, lyourhe/she/it/they did. No, lyourhe/she/itthey didn't + We do not use the full verb in short answers. Did you have. good holiday? Yes, Idd. NOT Yes, had. No, didn’t. NOTNo, Idida't have. What thin of South Aries? Where vein Spain? When you work there? he ; = Whattime did gohoms Whe | they | speak to2 Why | eave cary? How travel? [practice 2” 1 Put the words in the correct order to make questions. 1 this morning / Did / you /to / work / walk ? their house / did / your parents / When / buy ? ‘Where / work / your father / did? did / What / you / lastnight / do 2 Did / go/ John / today / swimming ? hhave /a good / Did / you J weekend? did go / Where / to / she / university 2 ‘your sisters /to/ school / go / Did / with you ? ‘you / When / did /ten / were / sport / you / ke ? get /the book / Did / good reviews ? 1 2 Complete the questions. 1 AWhen___? Br My ast holiday was in August. 2 A: Where 2 BrLwent to Paris. 3 A: Who. ? — Bslwent with my sister, 4 A:How 2B We got there by plane. 5 Ac How long 2 B: We stayed for a week 6 A: What 2B: We saw the Eifel Tower. 7 A: What, 2 BI thought it was fantastic A: What 2B: bought some postcards.3 Choose the correct short answer. 1. Did your friends meet you lastnight? a Yes, they were Yes, they aid Yes, they met 2 Did Sam have any frult for breakfast? 2 Yes, he did have 1 Choose the correct answers. 11 Fewas a very happy /sad film —a lot of people in the cinema cried. bes hed : : Yes he had 2 lint wtp read sok ts 3 Did you always want tobe a doctor? 50 exctng / boring ana tant. 2 lsawaveryfightening / enjoyable last ht No, I wasn't and | didn't sleep at all after that. 4 This book was very serious / funny ~ | laughed a ict. 55 There was so much action inthe film = it was very slow / fast-moving. 6 fell asleep during the film because it was really ‘cNo, she didn't 4. Did you have a good day? 2 Yes, I did have, Dre wed c Yes, | was. Ses LDPE: 5 bisyour st go toxhoal wth you 7 Tbr snd nae fond we vy ayer Yes, they were, 8 lke romantic / frightening films ~ especially when Yes, she did. eventhey a the love story has a happy ending. 6 Did Annie enjoy her holiday? = aioe dt 2 Complete the sentences with the Past simple form No, she didn't enjoy. of the verbs in the box. Sie siewenrt. cook download go(x4) play read watch Raveena chen fain ihe Ma Tha ee tte Ss and saw a really enjoyable film. On Saturday morning, 1°___torawale wth my sister and then nthe afternoon ee er [Smee = 5 OVO re ede wing = to a party. was red on Sunday morning, 0 | got fetriog serous uplate nth afternoon 1”__ computer games and srastening, stow + abook. On Sunday evening, ?__ diner for ‘my sore frends Bande 3 Add letters to complete the words 10 cook dine for ends ogptoapery 1m intrested in reading h- ‘0 dovmlond mse togotothe theatre the 18th century. ‘to goto the cinema {0 g0 for a walk 2 I went to see a good film last night. It was ac, to goto a concert to play computer games ‘and | laughed a lot. aly cioohonbare ye a 3. His ambition is to be ad. in a rock band. Labia pel eee are 4 I want to see that new film — it's got very good r _. 5 Everybody capped loudly after her amazing commer e meeea ti. aidan 6 I don't usually like s__-__ films ~ but I loved a eee fee SS Total Recall aes ae 7 Alott pepe inthe were coughing during ae pee 8 He's theg inthe band and he ao 3 cummer aes sings sometimes 10 get good reviews to write poems and playsa ue ad Comparative adjectives Superlative adjectives + When we compare two things We use than, + We form supetatives with: Sarah’ lder than Hannah = the + adjective + est Londons more expensive than Manchester. Thered dress isthe cheapest inthe shop + With all one-syllable adjectives, we use r+ than ‘My bedrooms the coldest room inthe house. This cars cheaper than the other one. = the + most + adjective Joets taller than hs father. This isthe most expensive restaurant intoun + With two-syllable adjectives that end in , we change to ier He bought the most comfortable bedin the shop. + than + We an also use the + least + adjective busy: am busier than was before Hes the least generous person know. pretty: The old pat ofthe tov sprettler thn the new par. ‘found the least expensive ticket onthe internet + With other two-sylable adjectives and adjectives ofthe or + The ules are the same as for comparative for. more syllable, we use more + adjective + than ‘She is more famous then her husband. This shop is more expensive than the other ane. Chinese is more difficult than Spanish forme. + Notice these iregular forms: ‘g00¢: Ths roads better than it was before. bad: feel worse than did yesterday, + We can also compare two things using less instead of more That jackets les expensive than this one. ‘Myexam was less difficult than l expected, nice cer thenicest | ine: | sorlst | adjectives ending Jin consonant, ' ‘vowel 1 Complete the questions with he comparative form ofthe bigger the biggest + consonants adjective in brackets. | double the final (tal), you or your teacher? | consonant + (young), you or your bestfriend? - I rertest 3 Whichis (good), going tothe hema or watching Gaon abvo? i i i ie 4 Whichis (easy) for you, speaking or ary | easier [the sist | Cpe to understanding Egish? aie 5 Wiens (import) for you, having alt aid - job oc an ineresing jo? most wo 6 Which month is (hot) in your country, August or 1 syllable October? snovefemous HEME —adctives and 7 Whichis (bad) for you, losing your phone orlosing famous | MOVE famous adjectives of yarvalie? “opens | themest_— tres ormore 8 Whichis {expensive}, your watch or your hone? - expensive syllables: | i | moreimoses | 2 Six of the sentences have an extra word, Find the extra words i | | adjective | mediate thers: | good better the best | irregular ‘Ateain is more faster than 2 car, [bad | worse L the worst | adjectives i ‘Ataxl is more expensive than a bus. ‘Acaris more easier to drive than a bus. A scooter is more slower than a motorbike, Riding a bicycle is more healthier than diving a car. ‘rains are usually more bigger than buses. ‘A big car is more difficult to park than a small car ‘Walking to work is more cheaper than driving.[pRActice 2 — 11 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. the highest the biggest the shortest the most popular 1 2 the tallest the oldest waterfall inthe world is Angel Falls in Venezuela itis 979m. plane flight in the world is from Westray to Papa Westray near Scotland, It takes only two minutes. fruit in the world is the banana, person ever was Jeanne Calment from France. She was 122, Dutehmen are inthe world at 1.80 m on average. coin ever was from Australia It was 100 em x 13.¢m and weighed 1,000 kg. 2 Write the superlative form of the adjective in brackets and ‘complete the sentences to make them true for you. The (busy) month ofthe year for me is. The (good) day of the week for me is. The (bad) day of the week for me is The (violent) flm | know is The {sad} fil | know i The {exciting) holiday in my life was in The (boring) holiday in my life was in The (cifficul) subject at school was Lida aj Sta eed DESCRIBING OBJECTS cheap old easy toe powerful ‘economical pretty expensive stylish {fashionable uncomfortable fast usual ‘SHOPS AND SERVICES baker's git shop bookshop ‘a hateresers a butchers an opticians a dathes shop ‘a pharmacy 2 dy-cleane’s post office ‘anestate agent's shoe shop ‘OTHER busy new cool an online shopping ste a department store popular famous to post eters/parcels lassessunglasses torenta fatmouse tohave ahalroat second-hand/pre-ovmed igh tall sedern [practice 1 Choose the best answers. 1 Inecd to take my shoes of. They are very stylish / uncomfortable. 2 His car doesn't use much petro. I's vary easy tose / economical. 3 lite to buy a cheap /prety bag ~ something nat more than £10, 4 My new phone is very fashionable /easy tous. didn't ‘need the instruction booklet at al 5 Nobody has the same clothes as her. She wears very unusual / economical clothes. 6 go to work on my scooter. t's not very powerful! stylish, butts quicker than a bicye! 7 My mum got her mobile phone in 2008, She likes it but i's very old / powerful now. 8 can't buy the computer want because i's too expensive [stylish =it's £1400. 2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. You do not need to use two of the words. pharmacy shoe shop post office estate agent's baker's butchers diy-cleaner's git shop ptician’s hairdresser’s bookshop clothes shop | went tothe to post a letter. She went to the and had a haircut yesterday. Can you buy some chicken at the ‘today? | got some medicine atthe went to the because | want to rent a fat. He had an eye test and got some new glasses at the 7 I teok my dirty jacket to the 8 She went to the to buy a present for her bestfriend. 9 They bought her a birthday cake from the 10 We got some new boots at thePresent continuous + We use the Present continuous to talk about actions happening now. ‘musing the computer at the moment. Allisn’t here—he'sworking, + We also use the Present continuous to talk about actions happening around now. We're staying in Lima this week. en reading a realy interesting book rm + He/Shemt’s YourWe/They're waiting. I'm not = He/Sherte isn't You/We/They aren't playing. Am! 2 Ishe/shesit ‘Are youlwerthey working? Yes, Lam, Yes, he/she/it is Yes, you/we/they are Short answers | No, 'm not No, he/she/it isnt. No, you/welthey aren't + Look at the spelling rules for the -ing form, Verb Rule Bample He's flying to South ‘most verbs add -ing dea, verbs ending takeaway thee, They're living in Bejing with -¢ then add-ing at the moment. ee nt double the final vn cersensrt consonant, then She's sitting here now. + vowel +eonsonant — *49-99 + Notice how wwe use the Present continuous with question words. ‘what amt doing? Where is shemne going? Wry sreyoulwe/they ating? Who isare talking? STUDY 1 practice 1 1 Compete the sentences withthe verbs in the box. ‘re waiting ‘mnot waiting isn't watching 'm watching ‘re working ’s working ‘re playing 's playing 1 |___afilen on TY ~ it's really good. 2 He football with his friends inthe park. 3 We for the bus atthe moment. 4 You very hard for your exams, 5 She TV at the moment ~ she's aslep. 6 They computer games together. 7 He fora large company now. 8 |___for her any more ~ rm going home now. 2 Complete the sentences with the Present continuous form lof the verb in brackets. VW (eat) an ice cream right now. 2 She (not buy) a magazine (sit) on the bus now. 1 (drive) to work at the moment. (you / get) up now? (ide) her bieyce in the park, (they / play) football? fhat___ (you / do) right now? 4 5 6 She 7 8 Present simple or continuous? 1 Present simple + We use the Present simple to talk about something that is generally rue. Laura comes from Rome. don't speak Russian, ‘We also use the Present simple to talk about habits and routines, often with words like normaly, uswally, sometimes, et- ‘These words usually come directly before the main verb or directly after the verb be. They can also come atthe beginning the end of the sentence. We often watch a DVD on Friday night. Doyounormally wake up early? Lam usually late for school. Sometimes play foatbal on Saturdays 2 Present continuous + We use the Present continuous to talk about something that is happening now or around now. Compare these two pa of sentences Jan's phoning his girfiend. (= now) Jon phones his girfiend about three times a day. (= habit) {Ymreading 2 good book at the moment. (= nthe present perios ‘read three or four books month. (= habit)[practice 2 * choose the correct answers. [practice | write nn wring ths eval on holiday in Rome Lacie Wea cas 00 cog 1 Putte lettersin brackets inthe correct order to from Moscow complete the sentences, 3 tam siting in cate wth Jan ght now 1 She bought an expensive new ___ (ade for the pay 4 sow long doyoustay/areyou staying in Spin on holy? 2. Dont forge your (gansessl when you go Hany works working na restaurant forte summer. on holiday. We usually play / are playing tennis on Saturday morning. 3 Iwore a grey ___(tisu) and a blue (eti) at > Sony ean come lst /am studying ody. nyt 8: ve /amtvng nat wth my parents nt goto 4 Tred to by some new _ (neta for my run sniversty es yea on Saturday 5 Teo (pe) with you~ itl probably be cold 2 Match the questions to the answer 5 You cat get into the Timepiece nightclub if you 1 Is George coming by tain? wear (rea) Does Susenah travel to work by tain? 7 There sit uniform at work, but mos people wear Arey coking dimer? atiack (ttc Do yu cok diner evry righ? 8 ve gotsome ne (roth) for my beach hoy. what are you doing? ‘what do you do? 2 im doing my homework b ima teacher. Yes, lam. 1'm making spaghetti 4. No, he isn't, He's driving. © No.1 don't. My husband cooks dinner most days 2 Put the clothes in the box into the correct category. sunglasses a baseball cap trousers. skirt shit atie trainers tracksuit f Yes, she does. Things youweS" Things you wear Things you wear onyour head on yourfeet_ on your body and neck Lisa) a a Ose cLoTHes, baseball cap a skit dress asuit jacket sunglasses jeans ate jumper trainers ashi ‘trousers shorts 1 DESCRIBING PERSONALITY 2 bossy tind 3 cheerful moody confident organises 4 determined reliable s easy-going shy 6 fiendly sociable hareé-working 7 8 ‘OTHER an appointment smart clothes casual clothes tosuit someone a fancy-dress party too big/small jewellery to try something on ‘2 larger/smallr size «uniform party costume 13 Choose the correct answers. He likes talking to people. He is moody / sociable. She is always smiling, She is cheerful | organised. He always tells people what to do. He is easy-going / bossy, ‘She doesn't lke talking to new people. She is kind / shy. He works all the time, He is hard-working / sociable, ‘She wants to succeed very much, She is reliable / determined. He is someone you can trust, He is reliable / bossy ‘she plans things well. she is flendly / organised.i al Question words Wie use what. which, where, when, why and how to ask one-word questions 1. One word ‘A: What's your name? B: rena ‘A: Which do you prefer, London or Moscow? 8: Moscow! ‘A: Where do you come from? B: Russi, ‘A: When did you come to England? B: Two weeks ago. ‘A: Why do you like it better? B: Because it's my home city ‘A:How did you come here? B: By plane. + We use wiatif there are many possible answers. ‘A: What's your favourkte colour? B: Blu. + We use which if there ae only afew possible answers ‘A: Which is easier: japanese, Chinese or English? B: English, I chink! 2 Twowords We can make compound questions with how + another word, ‘A: ow far is your home from here? B: About sv Kilometres ‘A:How long are your lessons? B: One and a half hours ‘As How fastis your computer? 8: Very fast! ‘A: How much bread have we got? B: Not much ‘A:How many pets have you got?B: Five ‘ts your dug? 8 Sh wes even ast ‘A:How tall are you? REMEMBER! + We use how many for countable nouns. ‘A: How many people are there here? B: About 200. We use how much for uncountable nouns. ‘A: How much time have we got? B: Only five minutes 3 Question words and verb forms We can use different verb forms with question words. ‘A:How was your journey? B: Very ood, thanks. ‘A: Which newspaper are you reading? B: The Times. ‘A:How many names can you cemember?B: Annie, Sally, Tom and ‘A: How far do you travel every day? B: About 100 km. Practice 1 1 Complete the questions with the correct question words in the box. What How tall When How much Which How long. {are you? B: One metre 70 centimetres. oes it weigh? B: Five kilograms. id you get home? B: At 8 pm. ‘was your holiday? B: Three weeks. team won? B: Real Madri. Is her mother's name? B: Agnes. Ree rer 2 Complete the questions. ‘were you born? B: In Rome, 2 do you like best, coffee or tea? B Coffee 3A cousins have you got? B: Five. ak do you usually rive in a town? B: At about 50 kph 5A Is the station from here? B: Two kilometres does it take you to get to school? 8: Half an hour. TA are you going to go on holiday? 8: In July, sugar do you take in your coffee? ‘One spoon. Is the station? ‘About ten minutes’ walk from here. is your baby? B: She's six weeks old. Sued Quantifiers: a lot of, alittle, afew, notany, not much, not many OA: J alotof We use alot of to talk about a large quantity or number of things ‘We can use a lot of with both countable and uncountable nouns. There area lot ofcakes on the table You've got alot of time, so don't rush There wasa lot of traffic on the road. 2notany ‘We use not any to talk about a zero quantity, We can use not any ‘with both countable and uncountable nouns. There aren'tany biscuits let: Who ate them all? We haven't got any space far another table in here. There sn any chicken on the menu. 3 afew and not many ‘We usea few and not many to talk about 2 small numberof things We use afew andnot many with countable nuns (not uncountabe nouns). We usualy use afew in postive statements, not manyin negative statements and how many in questions There area few people outside the cinema, ‘haven't ot many books want to read Therearen'tmany chocolates ef nthe box. How many children have you got? 4 alittle and not much ‘We usea itl and not much to talk about a small quantity, ‘of something, We use a little and not much with uncountable ‘nouns (not countable nouns). We usually usea little in positive statements, not much in negative statements and how much in questions. There is alittle water left in that bottle. There's mot much mitk lft inthe fridge “She hasn't got much money at the moment. How much rice would you ke?[practice 2 1 Choose the correct answers, 1) There are allot of butter / olives inthe Fridge ‘Theve isn't any tickets / time lft ve got afew biscuits /read in my bag She hasn't got many coins / money. How many time /minutes have you got? He's gota litle food / grapes. ‘There aren't many cups coffee in the cupboard, How much space /chairs is there inthe classroom? 2 Change the word rce to potatoes and make changes where necessary. ve got a litle rice. I've got a few potatoes. 11 There isn’t much rice in the cupboard 2 Shehhasnt got any rice on her plate. 3 Thereis alot of rice left in the bowl, 3 Change the word potatoes to rice and make changes where necessary. 1 There aren't any potatoes onthe shelf 2 He's gota few potatoes in his bag. 3. haven't got many potatoes on my plate. 4 There are a lot of potatoes in the cupboard. saa ae aes) ANIMALS seamel anh chimpanzee hore dog llama dolphin anat a dontey snake ‘anelephant awhale [NATURAL FEATURES beach an ocean a desert arwer forest asa lake avalley mountain avoleano ic NUMBERS five point five fitty thousand fity five hundred thousand five hundred five milion five indeed and five fivebilion five thousond ‘oTHer ‘an active vleano population sgramshilograms ‘varieties of plants Llometres per hour / kph wild animals Imetreslometes wiltite pets working animals [practice 1 Read the clues and complete the gaps with the words inthe box dogs camels horses donkeys llamas elephants fish chimpanzees snakes rats dolphins whales live in water have four legs have no legs are often pets people use to carry things live in jungles live In cities hhave furor hair 2 Choose the two correct answers in each sentence. 1 We went swimming inthe river / desert /toke near cour house yesterday. 2 They spent four hours climbing up the mountain / volcano / beach 3 The trees in the valley /volcano/ forest are realy beautiful 4 These fish vein the deep water of many oceans /sea8/ beaches. 5 live near par of along volcano J ver /valley going on for several kilometres. 6 The Beach /sea/ desert has very red sand. Write the numbers in words. s4 6,000 70 200 20,000 302 4,000,000, 200,000