BLUETOOTH

TECHNOLOGY
 HISTORY
• Bluetooth wireless technology (BWT) was developed in 1994 at
Ericsson in Sweden.
• The original purpose of BWT was to eliminate the need for
proprietary cable connections between devices such as PDAs and
notebook PCs.
• Although infrared communication existed at the time, it required line-
of-sight contact.
• Therefore, Ericsson chose to use an inexpensive, low-power radio
built into each device, making it possible to wirelessly connect
devices through walls and other nonmetallic materials.
• After Ericsson began work on BWT, the concept blossomed into a
radio technology that simultaneously connects several devices in a
wireless personal area network (WPAN).
•Because of the unlimited potential of BWT, the Bluetooth Special Interest
Group (SIG) was formed in 1998 to develop the Bluetooth Specification IEEE
802.15.
•The specification standardized the development of BWT-enabled devices so
that devices from different manufacturers can work together.
 The symbol of Bluetooth

• As famous as the name is the Bluetooth

symbol.
• Bluetooth's logo combines the representation
of the Nordic runes Hagalaz (transcribed by
'H') and
• Berkana (transcribed by 'B') in the same
symbol.
• This is, HB like Harald Blåtand the king
 WHAT IS BLUETOOTH
 Bluetooth is a standard used in links of radio of short scope,
destined to replace wired connections between electronic devices
like
 cellular telephones
 Personal Digital Assistants (PDA),
 computers, and many other devices.
• Bluetooth technology can be used
 at home,
 in the office,
 in the car, etc.
• This technology allows to the users instantaneous connections of
voice and information between several devices in real time.
• It assures protection against
 interferences and
 safety in the sending of information.
 What Is Bluetooth?
• Bluetooth is a WPAN technology.
• Accordingly, its radio characteristics include:
 low power
 Short range and
 medium transmission speed.
• These characteristics influence:
 what devices will incorporate Bluetooth
 how users will experience it and
 what it will be used for.
•First its low power consumption makes Bluetooth ideal for small, battery-
powered devices like mobile phones and Pocket PCs that have little energy
to spare.

•Second, Bluetooth’s short range (10 meters) is ideal for the concept of
“personal operating space” and integrates the notion of using devices
carried or worn on the body or otherwise located within immediate reach.
Bluetooth’s transmission speed of 800 Kbps works well for transferring small
to medium-sized files.
•A Bluetooth WPAN involves up to eight devices located within this 10-
meter personal operating space that unite to exchange information or share
services.
•Because it can be done spontaneously according to immediate need, it is
known as “ad hoc networking.”
•And because a WPAN involves directly networking between different
points, without the use of network infrastructure, it is also referred to as a
“point-to-point network.”
 Who will use Bluetooth?
 four categories of users:
 professional and field workers
 Technology-savvy electronics consumers
 Industrial and retail
 office workers.
 Where will Bluetooth be used?
• It can be used absolutely anywhere that at least two Bluetooth-
devices share a 10-meter range.
• This is possible because Bluetooth is designed for direct point-to-
point networking between devices and does not require proximity
to infrastructure stations like signal towers or access points.
• So for someone who possesses at least two Bluetooth devices, that
person can use Bluetooth wherever he/she chooses to bring those
devices.
• This freedom to roam will especially be important for traveling
workers who need access to data communications and corporate
data wherever they happen to be; locations will vary from a client’s
office or airport gate to a remote field site or restaurant.
 How will Bluetooth be used?

A car rental employee could use a Pocket PC to scan a VIN.

•at a car rental facility, an employee could use a Bluetooth-
enabled Pocket PC equipped with a bar code scanner to scan a
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN), enter mileage and fuel
data, then instantly transmit a receipt to a Bluetooth-enabled
portable Printer worn on the hip.
•Additionally, Bluetooth is an ideal solution for connecting
mobile audio devices.
•Predominantly a WPAN technology, Bluetooth will primarily be used for
cable replacement.
•Bluetooth eliminates the need to carry or handle bulky cables, frees up
your ability to move around while using devices together, and lets you
easily connect devices separated by physical impediments like walls.
•Bluetooth is an ideal solution for connecting the increasing number of
devices designed to be held in the hand or worn on the body.
What types of devices will incorporate
Bluetooth?
• The largest Bluetooth market will be mobile phones, with over 70%
of mobile phones expected to be Bluetooth-enabled by 2006.
• Backed(support) by manufacturers like Ericsson, Intel, Microsoft,
Motorola, Nokia, and Toshiba, Bluetooth will also appear in
consumer gadgets like PDAs, notebook computers, computer
games, headsets, alarms, smart home control units, TVs, VCRs, and
auto PCs.
• For retail, industrial, and office applications, Bluetooth will surface
in mobile computers, bar code laser scanners, cash registers, ending
machines, GPS receivers, slide projectors, printers, digital cameras,
digital camcorders, test and measurement equipment, and LAN
access points.
•Originally developed by Ericsson to eliminate the cable between a
headset and mobile phone, Bluetooth features audio channel capability.
•In Europe, Asia, and Africa, mobile phones based on GSM technology are
popular.
•For example, you could use your Bluetooth-enabled mobile phone at a
Bluetooth-enabled vending machine to charge your account and buy a
drink.
 USAGE MODEL EXAMPLES
• Wireless headset: The leading adoption of Bluetooth will initially be
in the area of mobile phones.
• Nearly every major mobile phone manufacturer has already
released Bluetooth-enabled models of their popular phones.
• The driver for this adoption is the ability to use a wireless headset
with the phone.
• The radio frequency energy emitted by a Bluetooth wireless
headset is a fraction of that emitted by a mobile phone.
• Additionally, the convenience of being cordless means the phone
can be used even if it is in a briefcase or the trunk.
•INTERNET BRIDGE: Bluetooth wireless technology can be used to allow
a mobile phone or cordless modem to provide Dial-Up Networking (DUN)
capabilities for a PC, allowing it to connect to the Internet without a
physical phone line.
•This enables a laptop to automatically utilize the user’s nearby cell phone
to dial and connect to a dial-up service.
•The user doesn’t need to touch the phone, which might be in a briefcase
or coat pocket.

•FILE EXCHANGE: The ability to perform peer-to-peer file exchange

without the presence of a network infrastructure has many advantages.
•For example, a salesperson may choose to share the contents of an
electronic slide presentation with the audience.
•Bluetooth enables the automatic detection of any Bluetooth devices in
the room, enabling the transfer of all selected files.
Synchronization: Bluetooth allows for data synchronization between
devices.
For example, a desktop computer that is Bluetooth enabled can
wirelessly synchronize its contact list, task information, calendar, etc., to
a user’s phone, PDA, or notebook.
Several Bluetooth- based synchronization models already exist for both
Pocket PC and Palm-based PDAs.

Printing: HP is making printers and notebooks with embedded

Bluetooth technology.
Bluetooth-enabled devices can automatically detect Bluetooth-enabled
printers in their area and wirelessly send documents to the printer
without going through lengthy network and printing setup processes.
Mobile users who frequently visit remote offices will find Bluetooth
printing a significant improvement in convenience to their current
experience.
 What does it mean to be Bluetooth-
enabled?
• A Bluetooth-enabled device has a radio that operates at Bluetooth
frequency (2.4 GHz) and
• software that manages the connection data flow and security to
adhere to the Bluetooth Specification.
• Bluetooth products need certification from the Bluetooth SIG, which
ensures interoperability with other Bluetooth products.
• Between the principal characteristics, must be named the hardiness,
low complexity, low consume and low cost.
• The Bluetooth is a small microchip that operates in a band of
available frequency throughout the world.
• Communications can realize point to point and point multipoint.
•Bluetooth is officially adopted and The Bluetooth Special Interest Group
(SIG) is formed.
•The SIG welcomes its 400th member by the end of 1998
•The SIG grows from 400 members to more than 10,000
•The Bluetooth 1.0 Specification is released in 1999 & 1.2 in 2003 and
•Core Specification Version 2.0 Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) in 2004
•Nearly 2 billion Bluetooth enabled products shipped in 10 years
•IEEE approves the 802.15.1 specification to conform with Bluetooth
wireless technology
•The first mobile phone first chip to integrate
radio frequency
Baseband
 microprocessor functions and
Bluetooth wireless software
first headset
 first printer
 first laptop
 first hands-free car kit with speech recognition
first digital camera
first MP3 player
first FDA-approved Bluetooth medical system
first stereo headphones
first sunglasses
first watch
first picture frame
first alarm-clock radio and
first television
•Cumulative Bluetooth product shipments surpass 2.5 billion
•In 2012, 1,472 were created by Bluetooth
SIG members
•SIG membership surpasses 20,000 companies
•The first Bluetooth Smart Ready tablets and music players hit the market.
•Core Specification Version 3.0 HS is adopted, making Bluetooth high speed
technology a reality in 2009.
•The Bluetooth SIG announces the formal adoption of its game
changing
in 2010.
•The SIG announces expansion into sports & fitness markets with new
working group and new profiles for real-time running and cycling data
monitoring
•The SIG adopts the first new profile for Bluetooth v4.0 in 2011
•The SIG unveils the Bluetooth Smart and Bluetooth Smart Ready brand
extensions
•Microsoft and Apple announce support for Bluetooth v4.0 in Windows 8 and
new iPhone 4S respectively. The iPhone 4S became the first Bluetooth Smart
Ready phone on the market.
•Ultra Wideband (UWB):- A short-range radio technology spreading
communication information over a large spectrum with low energy
requirements.

•Has been proposed to fulfill this need, and in 2007 the Bluetooth Special
Interest Group (SIG) announced its intensions to incorporate Ultra
Wideband as ad-on high-speed radio technology in the Bluetooth 4
release due 2010/11.

•As a relatively new player, UWB needs to align itself with established
technologies in order to gain momentum, prompting the WiMedia Alliance
in March 2009 to announce its intention to disband and transfer all current
and future specifications to the Bluetooth SIG, Wireless UWB Promoter
Group and USB Implementers Forum.
•The Bluetooth 3.0 specification released in April 2009 incorporates an
Alternative MAC Feature.

•Which enables the use of an alternative high-speed radio for

transporting Bluetooth profile data.

•Whilst the Bluetooth radio is still used for device discovery and
connection setup.

•Currently only supporting 802.11 (Wi-Fi), providing Bluetooth with

increased transfer rates of 24 Mbps over longer distances, this new AMP
feature paves the way for incorporation of the low-power high-
bandwidth UWB radio technology.
• Bluetooth Q2 2013
• Today, Bluetooth is the most widely adopted wireless connectivity
technology, gaining universal use in applications such as laptops and
game consoles. Its future market growth will be led by adoption of
Bluetooth v4.0 with low energy capabilities – Bluetooth Smart – in
the growing ecosystem of connected devices.
• Total Wireless Connectivity IC
• The Bluetooth IC market is developing at a rapid pace as new
technologies such as Bluetooth Smart emerge and IC vendors
continue to bring smaller, more advanced, and more integrated
product innovations. The ultra-low power wireless connectivity IC
market is forecasted to grow more than $2 billion in annual
revenues by 2016, with Bluetooth Smart and 802.15.4 as the two
main markets.
Short-Range Wireless Technology IC Market
•Short-range wireless (SRW) technologies, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, ZigBee,
NFC, and GPS, are due for a momentous year in 2013.
•Cumulative Bluetooth enabled device shipments will reach 10 billion and Wi-
Fi enabled device shipments will reach seven billion, with total wireless
connectivity IC shipments to break through five billion per annum and grow
to nearly eight billion by 2018.
•Mobile phones, laptops, media tablets, and games consoles are the major
consumer devices embracing these technologies.
•Newer applications, such as those in automotive, home automation, smart
energy, retail, and others, will catalyze their growth over the next 10 years.
•SRW technologies enable simple, low-cost connections between devices,
allowing the Internet of Everything (IoE) to become a reality.
 Bluetooth Smart Technology: Powering
the Internet of Things

• Bluetooth Smart is the intelligent, power-friendly version of Bluetooth

wireless technology.
• While the power-efficiency of Bluetooth Smart makes it perfect for
devices needing to run off a tiny battery for long periods,
• the magic of Bluetooth Smart is its ability to work with an application
on the smartphone or tablet you already own.
• Bluetooth Smart makes it easy for developers and OEMs(Original
eqipment manufacturer) to create solutions that will work with the
billions of Bluetooth enabled products already in the market today
 Connecting the Internet of Things
• First talked about more than 15 years ago, the Internet of Things
(IoT) theorized objects and people would connect wirelessly.
• Classic Bluetooth provided the means for device communication
and manufacturers built hub devices like PCs, smartphones, cars
and tablets to take advantage of these connections.
• Now, because of Bluetooth Smart, the world is exploding with an
incredible array of devices connecting to these hubs. A projected 30 billion
devices will enter into the IoT ecosystem by 2020 according to ABI
Research
• Analyst firms all over the world recognize Bluetooth Smart as a key
enabler in the Internet of Things.
 What it Means to You
• For consumers, it comes down to the Internet of Your Things. You
wake up and go for a run with a heart rate monitor that speaks
directly to your smart watch.
• You brush your teeth with a sensor toothbrush while listening to
music through your showerhead.
• You keep your back straight and protect your computer with
sensors at your desk.
• You watch your kids play basketball with a "smart" ball and shoes.
You unlock your doors, turn on the lights and run your TV with your
smartphone.
• These wirelessly connected devices are making your life better and
less hectic while allowing you to benefit from the convenience,
empowerment and freedom of Bluetooth Smart technology.
 Powering New Verticals
• Bluetooth technology gained an early foothold in several industries
like consumer electronics, PC peripherals and automotive.
• With the advent of Bluetooth Smart, many sports and fitness
companies rushed to integrate the new technology because of its
power efficiency and ability to connect to smartphone apps.
• It was the perfect fit for a wide range of devices from heart-rate
monitors to cycling computers.
• Now Bluetooth Smart technology is powering many verticals from
wireless medical devices and home automation to retail and
wearable.
• ABI Research projects Bluetooth technology will experience the
highest growth in these markets in the next five years.
 Developing with Bluetooth Smart
• Bluetooth Smart is an application-friendly technology supported by
every major operating system.
• The technology costs less and offers flexible development
architecture for creating applications to bring everyday objects like
 heart-rate monitors
 toothbrushes and
 shoes
• into the connected world and have them communicate with
applications that reside on the Bluetooth Smart compatible
smartphones, tablets, or similar devices those consumers already
own.
• This means Bluetooth Smart developers are limited only by their
imagination.
– Garmin GPS Hiking Watch Adds Bluetooth Technology It has
a lot of GPS watches over the years for running, cycling,
swimming and even golf.
– Now it's released a new GPS watch with navigation and
tracking features to help hikers find their way through the
wilderness.
– The Garmin fenix adds Bluetooth technology to let hikers
wirelessly share tracks, waypoints, routes and geocaches
with their smartphone.
– The Bluetooth Smart watch includes a new Garmin BaseCamp
app for Windows or Mac that lets you view maps, plan routes,
and mark waypoints and tracks from your computer and then
transfer them to the fenix.
The watch also includes built-in sensors to
provide information on heading, elevation
and weather changes (barometric pressure
and temperature), in addition to GPS for
recording distance, pace and routes.
 Nike Creates World's First
Bluetooth Smart Shoes

•Nike+ basketball and training shoes, which feature an embedded Bluetooth Smart
sensor in the sole.
•The athletic shoe giant is promoting its new basketball
shoe, men's training shoe and + women's training
shoe, which went on sale June 29.
•Each shoe has four pressure sensors that gather information from different parts of
the foot and send it via Bluetooth wireless technology to an Apple iPhone or iPod
Touch.
•A Nike+ Training app on the device displays vertical jump, quickness, calories,
"NikeFuel" points and other performance data.
Wahoo Fitness Heart-rate
Monitor for the iPhone 4S

•Wahoo Blue HR Heart-rate Monitor This

is designed to connect quickly and easily to the iPhone 4S
or any other Bluetooth Smart Ready device, such as a tablet or smartphone.
The device connects wirelessly without the need for any adapters, delivering
real-time heart rate data through the free Wahoo Fitness App.
•Wahoo offers an open API that allows developers to make their apps work
with the Wahoo Blue.
•Eventually, Bluetooth Smart heart-rate monitors like this could be used for
more than just exercise.
•Doctors that can remotely monitor the pulse of their patients after a
procedure or upon starting a new medication.
Polar Releasing First
Bluetooth Smart Heart-
rate Monitor

•Polar H7 Heart Strap

•This Bluetooth Smart device allows you to quickly connect
to any Bluetooth Smart Ready device, such as a tablet or
smartphone, to store and display heart rate data and other
workout statistics.
•Polar makes a wide variety of heart rate sensors and fitness
watches with sophisticated training features.
•The Polar H7 is the company's first Bluetooth Smart device,
and its second Bluetooth enabled heart-rate monitor.
Dayton and Nordic Create
First Bluetooth Smart
Device Heart Strap

•Dayton Heart-rate Strap

•Dayton Industrial Co. Ltd created the world's first production-ready heart-rate
chest strap that is a Bluetooth Smart device.
•The strap uses a new Bluetooth v4.0 low energy chip from Nordic
Semiconductor.
•Users won't need a special matching watch like most heart-rate monitors use
today.
, the strap can be paired with a phone or other Bluetooth
Smart Ready device in seconds, allowing people to display their heart rate on
their phone while they work out and analyze it later.
Bluetooth v1.2 Bluetooth v2.0 Bluetooth v2.1 Bluetooth v3.0 Bluetooth v4.0

Backward Backward Backward Backward Backward

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Rate (EDR) for provides speed in data
and discovery pairing (SSP) to
faster data theoretical data transmission
transfer. improve a better transfer speeds than the earlier
pairing experience of up to 24 Mbit version.
for Bluetooth / s.
devices.
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rate of EDR is rating, which rate traffic this greatly reduced
speed up to 721 kbit
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 It provides
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transmission
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version.
• Within the next five years, the Internet of Things (IoT) will emerge
with billions of smart, Internet-connected wireless objects in use.
According to ON World, the key technology trends driving IoT
markets include the following:
• 1. IP Addressable Smart Objects
• 2. Wireless Mesh Networking
• 3. Integration & Adaptability
• 4. Ultra Low Power Consumption
• 5. Energy Harvesting
• 6. Mobile Sensing
• For integration and adaptability, dual mode Bluetooth 4.0 chips –
supports both Classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth Smart
• epitomize the highly integrated low-power wireless chipsets
needed to advance IoT markets by lowering costs and simplifying
product development.
•Driven by Bluetooth Smart technology, mobile sensing solutions –
mobile sensors combined with smartphone apps
•will be the fastest growing IoT market over the next few years.
•The number of Bluetooth Smart products already increased by five
times to 460 percent, from last fall.
•Bluetooth Smart device shipments expected to grow to more than one
billion units per annum in the next five years, as it thrives in point-to-
point applications and with device manufactures that make remote
controls, home automation sensors, and PC accessories .
•The low power feature of Bluetooth Smart technology is gaining
widespread adoption in sports and fitness monitors, with more than 50
million of these devices shipping with Bluetooth connectivity by end of
2017