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Albert Einstein's Biography: Name: Angela Putri Class: X MIPA 5

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. He developed the theories of special and general relativity, revolutionizing physics and our understanding of space, time, mass, and energy. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. He spent the latter part of his life in Princeton, New Jersey, dying there in 1955 at the age of 76.

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50 views

Albert Einstein's Biography: Name: Angela Putri Class: X MIPA 5

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. He developed the theories of special and general relativity, revolutionizing physics and our understanding of space, time, mass, and energy. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. He spent the latter part of his life in Princeton, New Jersey, dying there in 1955 at the age of 76.

Uploaded by

Surya Yuya Jatmiko
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name : Angela Putri

Class : X MIPA 5

Albert Einstein’s
BIOGRAPHY

Albert Einstein, (born March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany—died April 18, 1955, Princeton, New
Jersey, U.S.), German-born physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the
Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Einstein is generally considered
the most influential physicist of the 20th century.
Childhood And Education
Einstein’s parents were secular, middle-class Jews. His father, Hermann Einstein, was originally a featherbed
salesman and later ran an electrochemical factory with moderate success. His mother, the former Pauline Koch,
ran the family household. He had one sister, Maria (who went by the name Maja), born two years after Albert.
Einstein would write that two “wonders” deeply affected his early years. The first was his encounter with a
compass at age five. He was mystified that invisible forces could deflect the needle. This would lead to a
lifelong fascination with invisible forces. The second wonder came at age 12 when he discovered a book of
geometry, which he devoured, calling it his “sacred little geometry book.”
Einstein became deeply religious at age 12, even composing several songs in praise of God and chanting
religious songs on the way to school. This began to change, however, after he read science books that
contradicted his religious beliefs. This challenge to established authority left a deep and lasting impression. At
the Luitpold Gymnasium, Einstein often felt out of place and victimized by a Prussian-style educational system
that seemed to stifle originality and creativity. One teacher even told him that he would never amount to
anything.

World Renown And Nobel Prize


Einstein’s work was interrupted by World War I. A lifelong pacifist, he was only one of four intellectuals in
Germany to sign a manifesto opposing Germany’s entry into war. Disgusted, he called nationalism “the measles
of mankind.” He would write, “At such a time as this, one realizes what a sorry species of animal one belongs
to.”
In the chaos unleashed after the war, in November 1918, radical students seized control of the University of
Berlin and held the rector of the college and several professors hostage. Many feared that calling in the police to
release the officials would result in a tragic confrontation. Einstein, because he was respected by both students
and faculty, was the logical candidate to mediate this crisis. Together with Max Born, Einstein brokered a
compromise that resolved it.
After the war, two expeditions were sent to test Einstein’s prediction of deflected starlight near the Sun. One set
sail for the island of Principe, off the coast of West Africa, and the other to Sobral in northern Brazil in order to
observe the solar eclipse of May 29, 1919. On November 6 the results were announced in London at a joint
meeting of the Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society.
Nobel laureate J.J. Thomson, president of the Royal Society, stated:
This result is not an isolated one, it is a whole continent of scientific ideas.…This is the most important result
obtained in connection with the theory of gravitation since Newton’s day, and it is fitting that it should be
announced at a meeting of the Society so closely connected with him.
The headline of The Times of London read, “Revolution in Science—New Theory of the Universe—Newton’s
Ideas Overthrown—Momentous Pronouncement—Space ‘Warped.’” Almost immediately, Einstein became a
world-renowned physicist, the successor to Isaac Newton.
Invitations came pouring in for him to speak around the world. In 1921 Einstein began the first of several world
tours, visiting the United States, England, Japan, and France. Everywhere he went, the crowds numbered in the
thousands. En route from Japan, he received word that he had received the Nobel Prize for Physics, but for the
photoelectric effect rather than for his relativity theories. During his acceptance speech, Einstein startled the
audience by speaking about relativity instead of the photoelectric effect.

QUESTION:
1. Where Albert Einstein was born?
2. What areas are controlled by Albert Einstein?
3. What theories he developed?
4. Where does he live?
5. What year he died?

THE ANSWER :
1. March 14, 1879 Ulm Wirttemberg, German Emperor
2. Physics and Philosophy
3. Relativity Theory, one of the two main pillars of modern physics (along with quantum mechanics)
4. Germany, Italy, Australia, Belgium, United States, Swiss
5. April 18, 1955 (age 76) Priceton, New Jersey, United States.

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