8 Cross-Connections

8.1
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© Alcatel University – 3FL 40034 AEAA WB ZZA Ed.01 Page 8.1

 8 Cross-Connections
Session presentation

Objective: to be able to create and manage the Cross-

Connections in the SDH equipment

Program:
 8.1 Introduction
 8.2 Creation & Management
 8.3 SNCP
 8.4 Loopback
 8.5 Drop & Continue

8.2

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 8 Cross-Connections

8.1 Introduction

8.3
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 8.1 Introduction
Matrix role

A not-blocking matrix can interconnect all the afferent SDH and PDH signals with any other SDH
and PDH port.

All ports are connected to the matrix in the same way, without any difference between the port
types.

Connections are always performed by the matrix: no direct connection between two ports is
allowed.

There is no constraint for the timeslot change for each cross-connection (e.g. AU-4#n of an SDH
port can be cross-connected to AU-4#m of another SDH port, with “n” and “m” generic)

Several types of connections may be established, such as: Unidirectional Point to Point,
Unidirectional Point to Multipoint, Bidirectional Point to Point, Protected.

AU4-4c, AU4-16c and AU4-64c concatenated signals can also be cross connected between any
STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 ports.

8.4

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 8.1 Introduction
SDH-ETSI Multiplexing Structure

xN x1
STM-N AUG AU-4 VC-4 C-4 140 Mbit/s

x3 34
x1 Mbit/s
TUG-3 TU-3 VC-3 C-3
OR
45 Mbit/s
x7
x1
TUG-2 TU-12 VC-12 C-12 2 Mbit/s
PDH + STUFFING BITS
SIGNAL LEVEL-n x JUSTIFICATION

C-n

VCn-POH C-n

= POINTER
TU-n
POINTER
VC-n = MAPPING
= ALIGNMENT
= MULTIPLEXING
TU-n

8.5

The Mapping Scheme is the basis of the SDH. It represents all functions needed to introduce a PDH signal into an
SDH Network.

SDH transmission is based on standard functional entities, used to transport a characteristic information through a
connection between two Termination Points in the network:

The SDH entities are:
 C-n = Container of order n : this is the information structure carrying a synchronous payload.
 VC-n = Virtual Container of order n: this is the information structure formed by C-n+ Path Over Head
(POH)
 TU-n = Tributary Unit of order n: information structure formed by VC-n + Pointer
 AU-4 = Administrative Unit of order 4: information structure which provides for adaptation
(synchronization) between the Virtual Containers (VC-n) and the multiplexing plane (= STM-N); it is
formed by VC-4 + Pointer
 POINTER = Indicator of off-set for VC-n ( it indicates the start position of VC-n inside the payload)
 TUG/AUG = Tributary Unit Group / Administrative Unit Group = a set of n x TU / n x AU
 TU12 is identified by (k,l,m) with: k= TUG3# (1...3); l=TUG2# (1...7); m=TU12# (1...3)

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 8.1 Introduction
Termination points to cross-connect

S TM-1, S TM-4, S TM-16, 34Mbit/s

140Mbit/s 2Mbit/s
S TM-64 45Mbit/s
port ports
P orts ports

P ORTS S tructure AU-4 TU-3 TU-12 VC-4 VC-3 VC-12

S TM-1 AU-4 Ye s - - Ye s - -
S TM-4
S TM-16 TU-3 - Ye s - - Ye s -

S TM-64
TU-12 - - Ye s - - Ye s

140
VC-4 Ye s - - Ye s - -
Mbit/s
34Mbit/s
VC-3 - Ye s - - Ye s -
45Mbit/s

2Mbit/s VC-12 - - Ye s - - Ye s

Matrix can cross-connect:

 Lower Order (LO) termination points: VC-12, VC-3, TU-12 and TU-3.
 Higher Order (HO) termination points: VC-4 and AU-4.

8.6

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 8.1 Introduction
Matrix capacity and structure

1660SM 1660SM
1640FOX 1650SM-C 1670SM
rel 4.4 rel 5.2
Card that
SYNTH MATRIXN MATRIXE HCMATRIX
implements the SYNTH
(main and spare) (main and spare) (main and spare) (main and spare)
SDH matrix

Capacity of HPC 32x32 32x32 96x96 384x384 512x512

Capacity of LPC 32x32 32x32 64x64 256x256 0

HPC MATRIX LPC MATRIX

VC4
AU4 AU4-AU4 TU-VC VC12
STM-N
STM-N CXC 2Mbit/s
2Mbit/s
CXC
Port
Port Port
Port

VC3 34/45
34/45
AU4-VC4 TU-TU VC-VC
Mbit/s
Mbit/s
CXC CXC CXC
Port
Port

AU4 VC4 140

140
STM-N
STM-N
VC4-VC4 Mbit/s
Mbit/s
Port
Port
CXC Port
Port

8.7

Matrix can be divided into two levels :

 LPC matrix (Lower order Path Connection) cross-connects LO termination points.
 HPC matrix (Higher order Path Connection) cross-connects HO termination points.

In order to use LPC matrix, HPC matrix must be used before: the matrix port must be structured from the STM-1 default
level up to the desired TU level (e.g. TU-12).

In case of STM-64 ports of 1660SM rel. 5.1, up to 32 AU4s out of 64 can be structured.

1670SM has just HPC matrix: thus no pass-through of a single 2Mbit/s, 34Mbit/s or 45Mbit/s signal is possible.

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 8 Cross-Connections

8.2 Creation & Management

8.8
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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Operation sequence

Steps for 2Mbit/s drop/insert(D/I) creation:

 Structure the Au4 of the STM port up to the desired Tu12

 Open Transmission view and use Terminate TP and Structure TPs commands

 Cross-connect the prepared Tu12 with the desired Vc12 of the 2Mbit/s interface
 Use Create Cross Connections command

8.9

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Add TP in Transmission View

2nd- select
Add TP

1st- select
Transmission

Note: in this example Transmission View is empty.

When reached by navigating from another view
(e.g. from Port View) Transmission View displays
the corresponding objects with the functional symbols

8.10

The Objective of this procedure is to connect a 2 Mbit/s port to an STM-16 interface. This is the operation which is
usually done to drop/insert a PDH signal from an SDH stream.

To structure the Au4, go to Transmission View

In this example it is assumed that the cross-connection is bidirectional and not protected.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: TP search

1st - Select STM-16 port

4th - Optionally: click

Show CC State to
check if AU4 is already
cross-connected
2nd - Select Au4
in Class filter 5th - select
the desired
AU4

3rd -Click on Search.

6th - Click on OK

8.11

The equipment tree is displayed by double clicking, in sequence order, on the small square in front of each equipment
name.

Select an STM-16 board in the left Equipment list and then search the TPs, optionally by using a filter, defined by
selecting Au4 value in the TP Class entry box.

The available AU4s are displayed in the right Termination Points list, with the syntax:
r01sr1slxx/port#0x-#xx-Au4P

Port #01 of Au4 is the physical optical connector

Click on OK to navigate from TP Search toward Transmission View window.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Terminate TP

2nd-Select
1st - Select the AU4 Terminate TP

8.12

The Au4 must be terminated in order to manage the Tu12s inside.

When an Au4 is terminated, it is cross-connected to the corresponding VC4

Remember: the port#1-AU4, when terminated, can result to be connected to any port#<number>VC4. The VC4 port is
automatically given by the software.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Structure Tug3

1st- To expand the

tree: double click
on the object to get
the next object

2nd - Select the Tug3

3rd - Select Tu12

8.13

Initially, Au4 is only terminated, thus it is possible to expand the functional objects up to Tu3.

Warning! The first time that an Au4 is terminated, it is structured till Tu3. It is then necessary to select “Structure
TPs” option to get Tu12.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Transmission view with Tu12

To expand the
tree: double click
on the object to get
the next object

8.14

This is the final result in Transmission View window, after terminating Au4 and structuring a Tug3.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Create Cross Connections

1st - select the

Tu12 to cross-
connect

2nd - select
Create Cross
Connections

8.15

Now the operator must create the cross-connection between the created Tu12 and the desired Vc12 of the 2Mbit/ card.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Choose Output

1st - select
Bidirectional
and Not
protected

2nd - Choose
the output
Termination
Point(Vc12)

8.16

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Select Vc12

1st - select the

2Mbit/s Port
card(not the
4th - Optionally: click
Access card
Show CC State to
A21E1)
check if AU4 is already
cross-connected
2nd - Select Vc12
in Class filter 5th - select
the desired
Vc12

3rd -Click on Search.

6th - Click on OK

8.17

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Final step

Input Tu12 and

Output Vc12
are available

Press OK

8.18

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: results

Termination Points in the

Termination Termination PDH Port
Points in the Points in the
SDH Port matrix

Port View of
A21E1 card

8.19

Pay attention to the Port number of the connected Vc4; Tu12 is in the same port used by Vc4.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management opening

Select Cross
Connection
Management

8.20

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 8.2 Creation & Management
2Mbit/s D/I: Cross Connection Management result

Press Search

Lower order
cross-
connection
Tu12-Vc12

Higher order cross-

connection
Au4-Vc4

8.21

This window can be accessed via :

 Transmission menu in barmenu
 Port menu (available in barmenu of Port View window)
 Configuration menu in bar menu

Select Search to display the existing cross-connections, after selecting filter criteria: Ignore is equivalent to an all-pass
filter.

A Cross-connection object is characterized by the following attributes (in flexible columns):

 Prot.State: protection switching information for SNCP cross-connection
 SNCP: SNCP-I or SNCP-N
 State: A(ctivated) or D(eactivated)
 Direction: uni (unidirectional), bi (bidirectional), mp (multipoint), DC_N (Drop&Continue_Normal), DC_I
(Drop&Continue_Inverse)
 Input: source TP identifier
 Protecting input: TP identifier, when the CxC is protected
 Output: destination TP identifier

Vc4 ports are the internal matrix ports

Vc4 port# is automatically selected by the matrix

Vc4 and Tu12 are in the same port of the matrix

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Tu12 Pass Through: creation

1st -Structure the

AU4 of one STM
Port up to Tu12
2nd-Structure the
AU4 of the other
STM Port up to
Tu12

3rd-Select Create
Cross
Connections

8.22

Steps for Tu12 pass through:

 Structure the Au4 of one STM port up to the desired Tu12
 Use Terminate TP and Structure TPs commands

 Structure the Au4 of the other STM port up to the desired Tu12
 Use Terminate TP and Structure TPs commands

 Cross-connect the two prepared Tu12s

 Use Create Cross Connections command

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Tu12 Pass Through: Choose Output

2nd-
2nd- 3rd - 4th- 5th-Tu12
MATRIX Tu12 Search

1st-
1st-
Choose

6th-OK
7th-OK
8.23

Selecting the Tu12, pay attention to the port number of the matrix where the Tu12 is.

When matrix/synth card is EPS protected, the matrix/synth card to select is the active one.

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Tu12 Pass Through: results

Transmission
View

Cross
Connections
Management

8.24

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Au4 Pass Through: Create Cross Connections

Port View of
one STM port

8.25

Steps for Au4 pass through:

 Select the Au4 of one STM port in the Port view(as in the picture) or in Transmission view
 Use Create Cross Connections command
 to select the Au4 of the other STM port
 to create the cross-connection

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Au4 Pass Through: Choose Output
2nd- 3rd- 4th- 5th- select
select AU4 Search Au4P
STM
card

1st-
Choose

6th-OK
7th-OK
8.26

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Au4 Pass Through: Port view
Port view

Press
OK

8.27

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Au4 Pass Through: Transmission view

First TP

Selected TP

8.28

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Au4 Pass Through: Cross Connection Management

1st

2nd

Press Search

8.29

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Multi leg unidirectional Cross-Connection (cnt’d)

A multi-leg connection is a broadcasting

connection.

The only particularity different from the other

creation is:
 select the first output Choose
 click on Add Leg
 select the second output Choose
 click on Add Leg
 .....

8.30

One or more legs can be protected:

 to do this, select the Protection state as “Protected”
 select the protecting TP, after having selected the input and the outputs
 select each leg to protect, and click on “Protect leg” button: the leg is then indicated as “protected” in the list
box

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Split and join Cross-Connections (cnt’d)

1st - Select, in the Cross Connection

Management window,
the bidirectional cross-connection to split

2nd - Press Split

8.31

Objective: split a cross connection

 Select one bidirectional cross-connection from the list in the Cross-Connection management window
 Press Split button

N.B. Only bidirectional cross connection can be split

Depending on the protection state of the original cross-connection, the split action has the following effect:
 a) Unprotected Cross Connection:
 an unprotected bidirectional cross-connection is split into two unidirectional cross-connection
 b) Protected Cross Connection:
 the effect of splitting is one protected unidirectional cross-connection and one broadcast with two legs

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Split and join Cross-Connections

1st - Select, in the Cross Connection

Management window, the two unidirectional
cross-connection to join

2nd - Press Join

8.32

Objective: join two cross connections

 Select the two unidirectional cross-connections from the list in the Cross-Connection management window
 Press Join button
 The result is either a unprotected bidirectional or a protected bidirectional crossconenction

N.B. Two cross connections can be joined if they are either:

 Both unprotected, unidirectional and the input of one is the output of the other one
or
 One of them is protected and unidirectional, and the other one a broadcast with two legs; of course the inputs of
one must match the outputs of the other one

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 8.2 Creation & Management
Exercise

Please execute the following exercise:

– Paths configuration on the
classroom equipment

Time allowed :
30 minutes

8.33

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 8 Cross-Connections

8.3 SNCP

8.34
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 8.3 SNCP
Introduction

SNCP (Sub-Network Connection Protection) is a dedicated protection mechanism that can be
used to protect a portion of a path (between two NE) or the full end-to-end path.

Each transmitting signal node is permanently connected (bridge) in the main traffic direction
(i.e. clockwise) and in the protected traffic direction (i.e. counter clockwise). The Tx signal
reaches destination through two different paths, thus enabling the node receiving it to select
the best one.

Two types of SNCP are possible:

 SNCP/I (Inherent monitoring) that switches on SSF criteria (AU-AIS or AU-LOP for HVC
and TU-LOP or TU-AIS for LVC).

 SNCP/N (Non-intrusive monitoring) where POH is monitored by the POM enabled before
the matrix. The switches criteria are SSF and one or more of ExBER, TIM, UNEQ, SD.

Two operating modes can be selected for single VC SNCP:

 revertive (the signal is switched back into the working channel, after recovery of the fault)-
In the revertive operation the “Wait time to restore” (WTR) is fixed at 5 min.

 not revertive

8.35

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 8.3 SNCP
Scheme
NE 3
Side B Side A

PASS-THROUGH
Side A Side B

BRIDGE
NE 2 PASS-THROUGH NE 4

SWITCH
Side B Side A
CLOCKWISE COUNTER
Side A CLOCKWISE
Side B

NE 5
NE 1 PASS-THROUGH SWITCH

BRIDGE
Side B
Side A

8.36

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 8.3 SNCP
Configuration (cnt’d)
Select
Protected Flag here if the
protection must be
revertive

Select the SNCP

type

Choose the Protecting

Hold Off Time Input

8.37

A protected Cross Connection (SNCP protection) can be directly created or can be obtained from an existing not
protected cross connection. In the latter case the Modify command must be issued.

SNCP protection needs two inputs and one output. There are :
 Input: it is the protected input (main)
 Prot. Input: it is the protecting input (spare)
 Output

The “Protected” entry box has two possible values (Input and Output) and can be used to interchange the TP written in
“Input” entry box with the TP written in “Output” entry box.

Revertive (available only for protected connections) Select whether protection is to be revertive or not.
 In Revertive mode, a protected service is switched back to its main element when the fault has been
eliminated..
 When Revertive mode is active, the Wait To Restore protection period prevents several protection
switches being initiated as a result of an intermittent failure. The protected element must be error-free
during this defined period of time before a protected service is switched back to it.
 The Wait To Restore time period is fixed to 5 minutes.
 In Non-revertive mode, switchover to the protecting element is maintained even after the fault has been
eliminated

To get the SNCP-N protection type work, the “HPOM before matrix” (at AU4 level) or the “LPOM before matrix” (at TU3
and TU12 level) must be enabled
 See chapter 11 (Performance Monitoring) for HPOM/LPOM meaning
 1640FOX, 1650SM-C and 1660SM can implement either HPOM and LPOM.
 1670SM can implement HPOM only.

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 8.3 SNCP
Check the CxC

Protected cross-connection

8.38

The implemented protection is an SNCP. Its status appears in the Prot Status column.

Protection state indications:

 normal I: main input selected, no failures in the network
 auto I: main input selected, failure on the protecting input
 normal P: spare input selected, no failures in the network (only for not revertive
SNCP)
 auto P: spare input selected, failure on the protected input
 auto P(WTR): indication displayed during the waiting time before restoring, in case of
revertive SNCP

© Alcatel University – 3FL 40034 AEAA WB ZZA Ed.01 Page 8.38

 8.3 SNCP
Protection commands

Select the
protected cross-
connection and
click on “Protect…”
button

8.39

The “Protection Actions” window is opened by selecting a protected cross-connection in the Cross Connection
Management and clicking on “Protect” button

Manual Switch has lower priority than the automatic switch; you can use Manual Switch command to avoid
problems with the traffic in case of failure.

Force to has higher priority than the Automatic Switch; Force to is used for Maintenance.

Lockout has higher priority than Force, and inhibits the protection also in case of failure

The meaning of Release command is to remove the previous command

© Alcatel University – 3FL 40034 AEAA WB ZZA Ed.01 Page 8.39

 8.3 SNCP
Exercise

Please execute the following exercises:

– Configure SNCP/ I on the
classroom equipment
– Tests

Time allowed :
15 minutes

8.40

© Alcatel University – 3FL 40034 AEAA WB ZZA Ed.01 Page 8.40

 8.3 SNCP
Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration (cnt’d)

The objective of this exercise is to set up a bidirectional protected cross connection

between a 2Mbit/s port and STM-4 ports.

Block Diagram for the Vc12-Au4cross-connection

1650SM-C
Loop
Line
MATRIX
Port
Pattern Generator 2Mbit/s #1
Port #1 Loop
Error Detector Line
Port
#2

Set up a bidirectional protected cross-connection between the Vc12 of a 2Mbit/s PDH port
and two Tu12s of two different STM-4 ports
8.41

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 8.3 SNCP
Exercise - SNCP/ I Configuration

Cross Connection between 2Mbit/s port and STM-4, in protected configuration (SNCP/I)

The OMSN must be configured with 2 STM-4 and one P63E1 (plus A21E1)
 The procedure to setup the cross-connection is described in the following slides (use
both slides and notes)
 The description is for help only: the logical procedure is described in the Operations
section.

8.42

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 8.3 SNCP
Test 1 (cnt’d)

1. Look to the next Main Cross-Connection window: how many
protected cross-connection have been configured?
 _______

2. Taking into account the protected cross-connection, describe

it:
 the cross connection main input is an AU4 located in the
board _
 the cross connection output is an AU4 located in the board
___
 the cross connection spare input is an AU4 located in the
board___

3. What is the status of the cross-connection?

 the main (protected) direction is active
 the spare (protecting) direction is active
 One direction has a failure
 Both directions have a failure
 Both directions are available, without any failure

8.43

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 8.3 SNCP
Test 1

8.44

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 8.3 SNCP
Test 2 (cnt’d)
Using as support the attached Main Cross-Connection window,
answer in 3
minutes the following questions:

1. Is the cross-connection protected (put a cross)?

 YES
 NO

2. Is the cross-connection being created or has it been already

created previously(put a cross)?

 the cross-connection is being created

 the cross-connection has already been created

3. Is this SNCP revertive?

 YES
 NO

8.45

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 8.3 SNCP
Test 2

8.46

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 8 Cross-Connections

8.4 Loopback

8.47
© Alcatel University - 3FL 40034 AEAA WBZZA Ed.01

© Alcatel University – 3FL 40034 AEAA WB ZZA Ed.01 Page 8.47

 8.4 Loopback
Line Loopback

The loopbacks can be applied:
 at line level;
 at internal level.
 The loopback commands are used to separate the communication network into
independent parts checking the line/equipment functionality during the network
installation or maintenance operation

LINE LOOPBACK
i.e. STM-N port
Signal
Line SPI RST MST MSP
Signal
generator Signal Line loop and Continue
i.e STM-N port
Signal

MSP MST RST SPI Line

AIS
AIS Signal
Line loop and AIS generator

8.48

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 8.4 Loopback
Internal Loopback

INTERNAL LOOPBACK
i.e. STM-N port
PDH or STM-N port
Signal

MATRIX
Line SPI RST MST MSP
Signal Signal
generator
Internal loop and Continue

PDH or STM-N port

i.e. STM-N port
AIS

MATRIX MSP MST RST SPI Line

Signal Signal
generator Internal loop and AIS

8.49

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 8.4 Loopback
Configuration

TP involved in the loopback

8.50

Loopbacks act on the following TPs:

 STM-1/4/16/64 SDH board:
 line loopback performed on SPI TTP;
 internal loopback performed on the MST TTP;
 PDH board:
 line loopback performed on PPI TTP
 internal loopback performed on:
 p4 CTP for 140 Mbit/s port P4E4N
 p12 TP for 2Mbit/s port P63E1
 p31 TP for 34Mbit/s port P3E3/T3
 p41 TP for 45Mbit/s port P3E3/T3
 Ethernet boards GETHMM and GETHSM of 1670SM:
 line loopback performed on MAU
 internal loopback performed on VC4XV

Port Available loopback

STM-64 Loop & Continue

STM-16 Loop & Continue

STM-4 Loop & AIS

STM-1 Loop & AIS

140 Mbit/s Loop & AIS

34/45 Mbit/s Loop & Continue

2 Mbit/s Loop & AIS

Ethernet Loop & Continue

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 8.4 Loopback
Management (cnt’d)

PORT VIEW
TRANSMISSION VIEW

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Loopback Management can be accessed from “Port” view menu and from “Configuration” view menu.

This window permits to Create or Delete a loopback on a specific TP
 By clicking on “Create”, the “Port Loopback Management” window is opened

N.B. Search Criteria, which permits a filtered research, is not operative

When a loopback is created, a graphical indication appears on Port view and on Transmission view:

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 8 Cross-Connections

8.5 Drop & Continue

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Introduction (cnt’d)

Drop & Continue (dual node interworking)

 Drop and Continue (D&C) is a way of protecting a path crossing a number of sub-networks,
e.g., rings. The sub-networks should be connected through at least two nodes. The
equipment is configured as ”DROP and CONTINUE” at each interconnection node.
 The subnetwork termination equipment implement the SNCP connection.

The Drop and Continue configuration allows to protect the path crossing two interconnected rings
in case of two failures not occurring in the same ring.

It’s possible to implement D&C by using one single NE at each interconnecting node (Collapsed
dual node ring interconnection)

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Introduction (cnt’d)

D&C A INS A (D&C B INS A)

The Drop & Continue (D&C) features
simultaneously realizes the following
on one node:
 unidirectional pass-through

Switch
protected drop
A B  insertion in one direction

Fig. 1

The configurations achievable are four:
D&C A INS B (D&C B INS B)  Fig.1:
 D/C-A INS-A [pos. switch: A] ->
Normal
 D/C-B INS-A [pos. switch: B] ->
Inverse
Switch  Fig.2:
A B  D/C-B INS-B [pos. switch: B] ->
Normal
 D/C-A INS-B [pos. switch: A] ->
Inverse
Fig. 2

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Introduction (cnt’d)

Drop and Continue is a way of

protecting a path crossing a number of
sub-networks, rings.

The sub-networks should be connected

through at least two nodes (so realizing
two independent connections).

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Failure (cnt’d)

1 1

2 5 2 5

3 4 3 4

6 10
6 10
7 9 7 9
8
8

Drop & continue

Drop & continue
1st failure
2nd- failure

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Collapsed dual node ring interconnection (cnt’d)

Respect to the configuration Drop

and Continue, "Collapsed dual
node interconnection" allows a
Hardware reduction, since an
OMSN contains several ports and a
path signal can be connected in
protected mode, from a generic pot
to another one, on the same
equipment.

The sub-networks' termination

nodes implement the SNCP ring
connection.

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This architecture affords protection against multiple failures (evenly distributed one per sub-network) tolerated without

traffic loss (node failure or single cable cut).

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Collapsed single node ring interconnection

Respect to the configuration " Drop

and Continue", "Collapsed single
node interconnection" allows the
best Hardware reduction; as a
matter of fact four nodes are
collapsed in one node.

The disadvantage of this

configuration it's that you create a
single point of failure

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Schema creation
This option is suitable only for not collapsed
configuration

Normal
Port A Port B
Input Prot.
Input

Output

DC A INS A

Inverse
Prot. Input Port A Port B

Input

Output

DC B INS A

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Select in Main Cross Connection Window → Create

 the Main Cross Connection window opens
 type of protection: Drop And Continue
 D&C Topology: Normal, Inverse
 choose Input TP
 choose Prot. Input TP
 choose Output TP

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Configuration

drop and continue scheme

click on OK to confirm the CxC

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 8.5 Drop & Continue
Cross connection management

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 8 Cross-Connections
Evaluation

Objective: to be able to create and

manage the Cross-Connections in the
SDH equipment

Thank you for answering

the self-assessment
of the objectives sheet

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