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Physics Investigatory Project

This document describes how to build a portable mobile phone charger using a 9V battery, voltage regulator, resistors, LED, and other basic components for under Rs. 70. It regulates the 9V battery voltage down to around 5.8V to safely charge a mobile phone battery. The circuit diagram and construction steps are provided, along with advantages of low cost, small size, simple design, and low power consumption compared to commercial chargers. It allows charging phones on the go without needing an AC power outlet.

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Jerry Jacob
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302 views

Physics Investigatory Project

This document describes how to build a portable mobile phone charger using a 9V battery, voltage regulator, resistors, LED, and other basic components for under Rs. 70. It regulates the 9V battery voltage down to around 5.8V to safely charge a mobile phone battery. The circuit diagram and construction steps are provided, along with advantages of low cost, small size, simple design, and low power consumption compared to commercial chargers. It allows charging phones on the go without needing an AC power outlet.

Uploaded by

Jerry Jacob
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract

Why going for a costly Power Bank to charge Mobile


Phone? Just use a 9V battery and a few components
to make a Portable Mobile charger. Its cost is just
Rs.70 and if you use a Rechargeable 9V battery, it can
be used up to three years. The Mobile phone battery is
a high efficient long lasting Lithium Ion battery that
has thousands of charge / discharge cycles. It
requires 4 -6 volt DC for charging and the charging
current can be between 200- 400 mA. We can drop the
9V from the battery to 6 volt using a Voltage regulator.
That’s all. Make it and enjoy the satisfaction of a
project building.

Objective
To construct a portable mobile charger which supplies 7.5v to charge an android device.

Theory
Mobile Charger:-

A device used to charge the battery of a phone. It converts the high voltage supply to a lower voltage so
the phone could get charged.

Resistors:-

The barrier to the flow of current is called resistance. The devices which provide resistance is called
resistor.

Transistors:-

It is a semiconductor device used to switch electronic signal into electric power. It is composed of semi
conductor material with at least 3 terminals for conductance of external circuits.
LED:-

Light emitting diode is two lead semi conductor light source. It resembles pn-junction diode, which emits
light when activated.

Battery:-

It is a device containing one or more cells that convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.

Materials Required
• PCB board

• Battery

• Transistor {7805 pnp-ic}

• LED

• Resistor {1.5 k approximately}

• Battery cap

• USB port

• Connecting wire

• Soldering iron

• Soldering wire
Circuit Diagram

Procedure:
1. IC 7805 is the Voltage regulator that gives 5.8 fixed output voltage. Even though it is 6V rated, around
0 .2 V drop occurs in its output. So we get 5.8 Volt for charging the Mobile battery. An LED can be
included at the output to confirm the working on the charger. LED drops around 1.8V, so we get 4 Volt
for charging. It is sufficient to charge the 3.6 or 3.7 V Mobile battery.

2. First identify the + and – pins of the USB socket. These will be at the ends. Remove the middle Data +
and Data- pins. You can check the pins using a USB cable connected to a power source. Then mark + and
– pins for easy connections.

3. Connect the Red wire of Battery Snap to the input pin ( First pin ) of IC 7805 and Black wire to the
Ground pin ( Second pin ).Now connect the Output pin ( Third pin ) of 7805 to the + pin of USB socket.
Connect the – pin of USB socket to the Ground pin of 7805.

4. Now solder 1K resistor to the Anode of LED and connect the free end of resistor to the + pin of USB
socket and Cathode of LED to the – pin of USB socket.

5. Now the Portable Mobile charger is ready. Connect Mobile phone using USB cable. Phone will charge.
Equations
The current drop across each LED – resistor combination is 100mA. The output current needed is 700mA
to 1A. Hence, we have to choose the battery to give a compensated current i.e. compensating all the
losses in LED – resistor combinations. Considering the case of only two sub-circuits as shown,

Current = Output current needed + [(number of LED and resistor combinations)*100mA]

= 800mA + (3 x100mA)

= 800mA + 300mA

= 1100mA

= 1.1A

Hence, the current by the voltage source should be 1.1A.

In a similar way, depending upon the number of ports, and hence in turn the number of LED-resistor
combinations, the battery can be selected.

ADVANTAGES OF THIS DESIGN


Cost Effective

The overall cost of this circuit is very less and cost of production would also be very less.

Small in Size

This circuit is very compact, can easily be made and is very small in size and less in weight.

Simple Design

The design is very simple and not at all complex to use.

Low Power Consumption

The power consumed is very low as compared to other charger circuits, as, DC power is used.

Flexible Charging of the Bank

Usually a specific charger is needed to charge the power bank. But, in this case, any charger adapter can
be used to charge the battery. Be it any old unused charger available in our homes or, the phone
charger adapter itself, any of these can be used, with a very little change in the hardware of the device.
Conclusion
The concept of being able to charge mobile phones on the go has been a pleasant help to almost
everyone in the present times. Ever since the increasing abilities and the decreasing cost of smart
phones, their utility has increased but their power consumption is high. The present day smart phones
have a very large storage capacity and the parallelism with respect to apps associated with them is
increasing rapidly. Running many applications at a time causes the phones to drain out quickly. Although
increased charge consumption for a host of parallel and quick applications is a good bargain, this also
calls for the phone being charged frequently. As power supply sockets are not available all the time,
power banks come in handy.

This design will help in reducing overall cost of the device and also help people by relaxing the need of
phone chargers and separate chargers for USB devices. It will definitely be helpful over the days, as, the
speed and advancements in phones are at an exponential rate which decreases the charge of phones
greatly. Hence, this calls for easier solutions to phone charging. This will also prove helpful to the newly
emerging wearable electronic gadgets as, the size and power rating is ideal for that usage as well.

References
• WIKIPEDIA.COM

• YOUTUBE.COM

• CONCEPT OF PHYSICS BY- H C VERMA.

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