Faculty of Medicine and Health

Sciences

Regulations for
MHA
Master of Hospital Administration

2014

1 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 CONTENT
Sl.No. Title Page
1 Short Title And Commencement: 4
2 Scope Of The Course 4
3 Objectives 4
4 Eligibility Criteria 5
5 Age Limit For Admission 5
6 Medium Of Instruction 5
7 Curriculum 5
8 Structure of Course 6
9 Duration Of The Course 7
10 Re- Admission After Break Of Study 8
11 Working Hours in the Semester 8
12 Attendance Required For Admission To Examination: 8
13 Condonation Of Lack Of Attendance: 8
14 Scheme of examination 9
15 Pass criteria 13
16 Evaluation of university examination 13
17 Classification Of Final Results 13
18 Carry Over Of Failed Subjects 13
19 Revaluation/Retotalling Of Answer Papers 14
20 Dissertation / Project On Hospital Administration 14
21 Model Question Paper 15
22 MHA 101. Management Principles in Healthcare 16
Organization
23 MHA 102.Hospital Economics Financial Management 18
and Accounting
24 MHA 103.Bio-Statistics and Operations Research 20
25 MHA 104. Operations Management I- Clinical and 22
Support Services in Hospitals
26 MHA 105. Healthcare Concepts 23

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Sl.No. Title Page
27 MHAP1. Computer Skills 25
28 MHAP2.Communication and Personality Development 26
29 MHA 201.Human Resource Management 27
30 MHA 202.Healthcare Marketing Management 29
31 MHA 203 Organizational Behaviour 31
32 MHA 204.Research Methodology 32
33 MHA 205.Operations Management II- Non Clinical 34
Services
34 MHAP3.Consumer Behavior and Brand Management 35
35 MHAP4.Advertising and Sales Promotion 37
36 MHA 301.Entrepreneurship, Consultancy 38
37 MHA 302.Logistics and Supply Chain Management 40
38 MHA 303.Hospital Business policy 42
39 MHA 304.Health Insurance 44
40 MHA 305.Hospital Information System 46
41 MHAP5.International Health Management 47
42 MHAP6.Medical Tourism and International Marketing 49
43 MHA 401.Healthcare Technology Assessment and e- 50
Healthcare
44 MHA 402.Managerial Hospital Economics 51
45 MHA 403.Hospital Planning, Architecture and Project 53
Management
46 MHA 404.Total Quality Management and Accreditations 54
47 MHA 405.Legal Aspects in Healthcare 56
48 MHAP7.Health Programmes, Planning and Evaluation 57
49 MHAP8.Disaster Management 58

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1. SHORT TITLE AND COMMENCEMENT:-
These regulations shall be called as “M.H.A. - MASTER of
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION” degree course of the SRM University
of faculty of medicine and health sciences, Kattankulathur.

2. SCOPE OF THE COURSE

Health care delivery and hospitals are at crossroads today.
Globalization, economic liberalization, increased patient awareness,
enhanced patient and staff expectations, cost effectiveness, emerging
medical, legal and ethical issues, health care insurance, accreditation
systems, privatization of medical care, technological explosion are
some of the factors which have metamorphosed health care
provisioning. Healthcare industry has registered remarkable
development in latest years globally and in India too. The demand for
excellent healthcare is going high with the increased consciousness
about health. Some private healthcare agencies are entering in the
field of healthcare. The private hospitals and other institutes are
playing a vital role in the present situation. Consequently, there is a
need for an appropriately skilled team of hospital administrators who
can plan and carry excellent health services.

The future prospects of a hospital administrator are very bright. The

private and public health care systems are evolving into more and
more complex hospital operations. There is a need for hospital
administers in these hospital settings and there is a need for recruiting
them. Besides hospitals they can find employment in, health
insurance companies, international and national healthcare
organizations, public health departments, rehabilitation centers,
pharmaceuticals and hospital supply firms, medical software
companies and hospital consulting firms.

A Masters in Hospital Administration (MHA) person has job

opportunities in varied fields apart from the healthcare sector alone.
Large numbers of consultancy groups recruit MHA graduates for their
consultancy work. Graduates specialized in MHA get into health
insurance organizations and third party administrators’ (TPA)
organizations and health care linked IT organizations

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3. OBJECTIVES:-
At the end of the course the student must have an in depth knowledge
in the field of hospital administration.
Able to apply the principles of hospital management in providing
qualitative care in hospital settings at all levels.
To train the candidate in developing better leadership skills to lead
the hospital in the context of health system
Able to apply the concepts of organizational behavior and human
resource management for better personnel management in
hospital environment
Able to apply the skills and knowledge for practical orientation and
implementation of strategies with relation to modern hospitals

4. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Any degree from a recognized University from India / abroad under
10+2+3 pattern or equivalent

5. AGE LIMIT FOR ADMISSION:-

A candidate should have completed the age completed the age of 20
years at the time of admission or would complete the age on or before
st
31 December on the year of admission to the first year MASTER of
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION.
6. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION:
English shall be the Medium of Instruction for all the Subjects of study
and for examinations

7. CURRICULUM:
The Curriculum and the syllabus for the course shall be as prescribed
in these regulations and are subject to modifications by the Standing
Academic Board from time to time.

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 MHA Hospital Administration
8. STRUCTURE OF COURSE

FIRST YEAR
SEMESTER – I

S. Subject
Name of the paper L T P C
No code
1 MHA101 Management Principles in 3 1 0 4
Healthcare Organization
2 MHA102 Hospital Economics Financial 3 1 0 4
Management and Accounting
3 MHA103 Bio-Statistics and Operations 3 0 2 4
Research
4 MHA104 Operations Management I- Clinical 3 1 0 4
and Support Services in Hospitals
5 MHA105 Healthcare Concepts 3 1 0 4
6 MHAP1 Computer Skills 0 2 0 2
7 MHAP2 Communication and Personality 0 2 0 2
Development
Total 15 8 6 24

SEMESTER – II
S.No Name of the paper L T P C
1 MHA201 Human Resource Management 3 1 0 4
2 MHA202 Health care Marketing 3 1 0 4
Management
3 MHA203 Organizational Behaviour 3 1 0 4
4 MHA204 Research Methodology 3 1 0 4
5 MHA205 Operations Management II- Non 3 1 0 4
Clinical Services
6 MHAP3 Consumer Behavior and Brand 0 2 0 2
Management
7 MHAP4 Advertising and Sales Promotion 0 2 0 2
Total 15 9 0 24

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 SECOND YEAR
SEMESTER – III
S. Subject
Name of the paper L T P C
No code
1 MHA301 Entrepreneurship, Consultancy 3 1 0 4
2 MHA302 Logistics and Supply Chain 3 1 0 4
Management
3 MHA303 Hospital Business policy 3 1 0 4
4 MHA304 Health Insurance 3 1 0 4
5 MHA305 Hospital Information System 3 1 0 4
6 MHAP5 International Health Management 0 2 0 2
7 MHAP6 Medical Tourism and International 0 2 0 2
Marketing
Total 15 9 0 24

SEMESTER – IV
S.No Name of the paper L T P C
1 MHA401 Hospital Technology 3 1 0 4
assessment and e-
Healthcare
2 MHA402 Managerial Hospital 3 1 0 4
Economics
3 MHA403 Hospital Planning, 3 1 0 4
Architecture and Project
Management
4 MHA404 Total Quality Management 3 1 0 4
and Accreditations
5 MHA405 Legal Aspects in 3 1 0 4
Healthcare
6 MHAP7 Health Programme, 0 2 0 2
Planning and Evaluation
7 MHAP8 Disaster Management 0 2 0 2
8 MHA D1 Project / dissertation - - 12 6
Total 15 9 12 30
*L – Lecture, T- Tutorial, P – Practical, C - Credit

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9. DURATION OF THE COURSE:
The duration of certified study for the MHA - MASTER OF HOSPITAL
ADMINISTRATION DEGREE COURSES UNDER FACULTY OF
MEDICINE shall extend over a period of two academic years. The
candidate should complete this course in 4 years (double the duration)
from the date of joining the course.
10. RE- ADMISSION AFTER BREAK OF STUDY:
The regulations for re -admission are as per the University Common
Regulation for Re-admission after break of study for all courses.
11. WORKING HOURS IN THE SEMESTERS:
S.No. Semester Total Hours
1. I Semester 360
2. II Semester 360
3. III Semester 360
4. IV Semester 360

12. ATTENDANCE REQUIRED FOR ADMISSION TO

EXAMINATION:
a. No candidate shall be permitted to appear in any one of the parts
of MHA - MASTER OF HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION DEGREE
COURSES UNDER FACULTY OF MEDICINE Examinations
unless he/she has attended the course in the subject for the
prescribed period in an affiliated institution recognized by this
University and produce the necessary certificate of study,
attendance and satisfactory conduct from the Head of the
institution.
b. A candidate is required to put in a minimum of 80% of attendance
in both theory and practical separately in each subject before
admission to the examinations.
13. CONDONATION OF LACK OF ATTENDANCE:
a. He / She secures not less than 80 % of attendance overall course
in that semester on the total number of period offered in that
course during that semester. Condonation of attendance up to
10% is permitted on medical grounds. Relaxation in attendance is
permitted up to 10% for students who represent the University in
sports, games, cultural, symposium and other similar activities.
The above two relaxations either individually or jointly should not
8 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 exceed 10% but it is applicable for individual course.
b. His / her progress and conduct have been satisfactory throughout
the semester.
c. Condonation should be applied for, through proper channel and
should be approved by the Vice Chancellor.

14. SCHEMEN OF EXAMINATION

There shall be four examinations at the end of I, II, III and IV

semester including internal assessment examinations for subsidiary
course I, II, III and IV semester.

University examinations

University examination will be conducted twice in a year in the month

of August and March.

I semester examination: The university examination (theory) for the

I semester subjects will be conducted at the end of 6 months and
Internal assessment marks will be provided for subsidiary subjects
(computer skills and communication and personality development).

II semester examination: The university examination (theory) for

the II semester subjects will be conducted at the end of 1 year and
Internal assessment marks will be provided for subsidiary
subjects(consumer behavior and brand management, advertising and
sale promotion).

III semester examination: The university examination (theory) for

the III semester subjects will be conducted at the end of one and half
years and internal assessment marks will be provided for subsidiary
subjects (international health management and medical tourism and
international marketing).

IV semester examination: The university examination (theory) for

the IV semester subjects will be conducted at the end of two years
9 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
and internal assessment marks will be provided for subsidiary
subjects (health programme planning and evaluation, disaster
management).

EVALUATION PATTERN
MHA HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION
FIRST YEAR
SEMESTER – I UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION
Marks
University
S. Subject Internal
Name of the paper Exam
No Code assessme Total
(written
nt
paper)
Max Min Max Min Ma Min
pass pas x pas
s s
1 MHA101 Management 70 35 30 15 100 50
Principles in
Healthcare
Organization
2 MHA102 Hospital Economics 70 35 30 15 100 50
Financial
Management and
Accounting
3 MHA103 Bio-Statistics and 70 35 30 15 100 50
Operations
Research
4 MHA104 Operations 70 35 30 15 100 50
Management I-
Clinical and Support
Services in Hospitals
5 MHA105 Healthcare 70 35 30 15 100 50
Concepts

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SEMESTER – II UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION
S.No Subject Name of the Marks
code paper University
Exam Internal
Total
(written assessment
paper)
Max Min Max Min Max Min
pass pass pass
1 MHA201 Human 70 35 30 15 100 50
Resource
Management
2 MHA202 Health care 70 35 30 15 100 50
Marketing
Management
3 MHA203 Organizational 70 35 30 15 100 50
Behavior
4 MHA204 Research 70 35 30 15 100 50
Methodology
5 MHA205 Operations 70 35 30 15 100 50
Management
II- Non
Clinical
Services

SECOND YEAR
SEMESTER – III UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION

Marks
University
Subject Name of the
S.No Exam Internal
code paper Total
(written assessment
paper)
Max Min Max Min Max Min
pass pass pass
1 MHA301 Entrepreneurship, 70 35 30 15 100 50
Consultancy

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 2 MHA302 Logistics and 70 35 30 15 100 50
Supply Chain
Management
3 MHA303 Hospital Business 70 35 30 15 100 50
Policy
4 MHA304 Health Insurance 70 35 30 15 100 50
5 MHA305 Hospital 70 35 30 15 100 50
Information
System

SEMESTER – IV UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION

Marks
University
S. Subjec Name of the Internal
Exam
No t code paper assessme Total
(written
nt
paper)
Max Min Max Min Ma Min
pas pas x pas
s s s
1 MHA4 Hospital 70 35 30 15 100 50
01 Technology
Assessment and
e-Healthcare
2 MHA4 Managerial 70 35 30 15 100 50
02 Hospital
Economics
3 MHA4 Hospital 70 35 30 15 100 50
03 Planning,
Architecture and
Project
Management
4 MHA4 Total Quality 70 35 30 15 100 50

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 04 Management and
Accreditations
5 MHA4 Legal Aspects in 70 35 30 15 100 50
05 Healthcare
6 MHA Project/ 75 150 75 150 150 300
D1 Dissertation

Subsidiary subjects

Internal
S. Subject Examinations
Name of the paper
No code Min. Max.
1 MHAP1 Computer Skills 25 50
2 MHAP2 Communication and 25 50
Personality Development
3 MHAP3 Consumer Behavior and 25 50
Brand Management
4 MHAP4 Advertising and Sales 25 50
Promotion
5 MHAP5 International Health 25 50
Management
6 MHAP6 Medical Tourism and 25 50
International Marketing
7 MHA7 Health Programme, Planning 25 50
and Evaluation
8 MHAP8 Disaster Management 25 50
Internal Examinations mark in each subsidiary subjects maximum 50:
Minimum pass 50%
15. PASS CRITERIA:
Main subjects: 50% of marks in the University Theory Examinations,
50% of marks aggregate in Theory and Internal Assessment taken
together.

Subsidiary subjects: The minimum prescribed marks for a pass in

subsidiary subjects shall be 50% of the maximum marks prescribed
for the subjects. The marks obtained in the subsidiary subjects shall
be communicated to the university before the commencement of the
university examination.
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16. Evaluation of University Examination:
Double valuation will be done for the written university Examination.
External as well as Internal Examiners shall evaluate the papers. The
difference should not exceed 20%. In case of more than 20%
difference, a third evaluation is done.

17. CLASSIFICATION OF FINAL RESULTS

Passed in first attempts within the course duration
Percentage of marks 50 and above but less than 60 – second
class
Percentage of marks 60 and above but less than 75 – first
class
Percentage of marks 75 and above but less than 100– first
class with distinction
Percentage of marks 100- first class with distinction
Passed in second attempts within the course duration
Percentage of marks 50 and above but less than 60 – second
class
Percentage of marks 60 and above but less than 100 – first
class
Percentage of marks 100- first class
Passed after course duration
Percentage of marks 50 and above but less than 100 – second
class
Percentage of marks 100 – second class

18. CARRY OVER OF FAILED SUBJECTS:

1. Subjects can be carried over to subsequent semesters if the
candidate fails in the university examination. The candidate can
appear for the next university examinations. The candidate shall
clear all the arrears to declare passed in the final examination.
st
Only three attempts are allowed in each subject including 1
attempt. For subsidiary subjects in each semester the candidate
have to get minimum pass marks in the internal assessment, and
then only they will be allowed to appear for the university
examinations.
2. The candidate has to successfully complete the course in double
the duration of the course (i.e. 4 years from the date of joining) the
14 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 course (i.e. 4 years from the date of joining)
19. REVALUATION/RETOTALLING OF ANSWER PAPERS:
Both revaluations and re-totaling of answer papers is not
permitted.

20. DISSERTATION / Project on Hospital Administration

Subject Code: MHA D1
a) All candidates admitted to undergo Post-Graduate Degree in MHA
course shall be assigned a topic for dissertation / Thesis by the
head of the concerned Unit and the title of the topics assigned to
the candidates be intimated to the Controller of Examinations of
this University by the Head of the Department through the Head of
st
the Institution before the end of 1 year of the course.
b) The dissertation / thesis shall be a bound volume of a minimum of
50 pages and not exceeding 75 pages of typed matter (Double
line spacing and on one side only) excluding certification,
acknowledgements, annexure and Bibliography.
c) 4 copies of dissertation shall be submitted six (6) months prior to
the commencement of the theory examinations on the prescribed
date to the Controller of Examinations of this University.
d) Two copies are to be submitted as an electronic version of the
entire dissertation in a standard C.D. format by mentioning the
details and technicalities used in the C.D. format.
e) The concerned Professors/Readers are to supervise and to see
that the dissertations are done properly by utilizing the clinical
materials of their own department/institution. The students must
learn the design and interpretation of research studies,
responsible use of informed consent and research methodology
and interpretation of data and statistical analysis. They should
seek the help of qualified staff members in the conduct of
research. If necessary, they can utilize the facilities in other
Institutions. They must learn to use the library and computer
based search. This training will help them to develop skills in
planning, designing and conduct of research studies.
f) For project work, the total marks will be 300 comprising of 150 for
internal assessment, 75 marks for project evaluation and 75
marks for the viva-voce examination. Project viva board
constituted by HOD will evaluate the dissertation and conduct
viva-voce examination.
15 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 21. Model Question Paper

Total Marks: 70

Part – A

Essay

I. Answer any TWO questions 2X15

=30

1. Discuss the different approaches of management

2. Explain F.W. Taylor’s and his followers contribution towards
Scientific Management in detail.
3. Explain the various requirements for the effective controls.

Part – B

Short notes

II. Answer any FIVE questions 5X8

=40

1. Explain the modern approaches to Decision Making under

uncertainty
2. Discuss the various procedural steps in planning process
3. Discuss the Line and Staff Relationship and explain why there has
been a conflict between them.
4. Critically analyze the approaches of Leadership based on
Leadership Traits and Leadership Behavior
5. Discuss the feed forward control system and compare it which
feedback system
6. Explain the Modern Departmentation according to Strategic
Hospital Units (SHU)
7. As a manager, would you prefer Centralized or Decentralized
organization? Justify with reasons.
16 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 MHA 101.MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN HEALTH CARE
ORGANIZATIONS
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE:
1. To introduce the management concepts and principles as an
induction to the management course.
2. To apply the principles in the hospital administration

3. To improve the communication, decision - making planning

organizing staffing leading and controlling the process of the
management.

UNIT – I: Introduction To Management Functions

Introduction to management - An art or science –Evolution of
management thought - The systems approach - Management for the
nineties' integration of clinical practice and management skills -
Functions of the manager - operations in a pluralistic Society - the
Social Responsibility of Managers - Ethics in Managing.

UNIT - II: Planning And Organizing

Introduction to planning - Characteristics of Planning - Participants in
planning - Planning constraints or boundaries - Characteristics of
effective plans - Philosophy or underlying purpose - Functional
objectives - Policies and procedures - methods and rules - Space and
renovation planning - Management By Objectives (MBO) and
Strategic Planning (SP) - Introduction to MBO and SO concepts -
MBO - Historical development and advantages of MBO – Relationship
to participative Management and underlying motivational assumptions
– Participants in MBO and MBO cycle – strategic planning.

Introduction to organizing concepts – the process of organizing –

fundamental principles and span of management – Line and staff
relationships – the dual pyramid form of organization in health care –
Basic department and flexibility in organizational structure – the
organizational char – job description and consultants – Concept of Re
– engineering – the Organization as a total system – Introduction to
concepts – formal V/s informal organization - classification of health
17 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
care organization – classic bureaucracy – Consequences of
organizational form – the Nature and purpose of Strategic and Policies
– the strategic planning process – the TOWS Matrix. A Modern Tool
for Analysis of the situation - (I) the portfolio matrix: A Tool for
Allocating Resources – Major kinds of Strategies and Policies – three
Genetic Competitive Strategies by Porter – Effective Implementation
of Strategies – Premising and Forecasting
UNIT – III: Decision Making
Introduction to decision making – participants in decision making –
Evaluating a decision's importance – Steps in decision making –
Barriers to rational choice – Bases for decision making – Decision
making tools and techniques – Health care practitioners as decision
makers – Case studies and clinical reason capability analysis tools –
control charts – models - clinical reasoning.

UNIT – IV: Staffing And Controlling

Definition of Staffing - Defining the Managerial Job - The Systems
Approach to Human Resource Management - Situational factors
affecting staffing - Selection: Matching the person with the job -
system Approach to Selection - Position requirement and Job Design -
skills and Personal Characteristics Needed by Managers - Matching
qualification with Position Requirements - Orienting and Socializing
New Employees. The Basic Control Process - Critical Control Points
and Standards - Control as a Feedback Systems - Real - Time
Information and control - Feed forward Control - Requirements or
Effective Control - Control Techniques: The Budget - Traditional Non
budgetary control Devices - time Event Network Analysis - Information
Technology - The use of Computers in Handling Information -
Challenges Created any information Technology

UNIT – V: Process Capability Analysis, Quality Assurance

Methods Patient Satisfaction And Quality Certification Systems
Quality Control methods and measurement systems specification
limits and control limits - process capability analysis tools - control
charts - models. Quality Assurance in Hospitals Sop's - patient
orientation for total Patient Satisfaction 55 techniques. International
Standards ISO 9000 - 9004 - Features of ISO 9001 - ISO 14000 -
environment Management systems.
Textbook
18 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 th
1. Management Principles for Health Professionals 6 edition - Joan
Grantor Liebley, Ruth Eller Louvine, Jeffrey Rothman, Aspex
Publication, Gaithersburg. Marylnd.2011.
2. Prniciples of management – by Sakthivel Murugan New Age
International Pvt Ltd Publishers.2008

19 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

References:
1. Principles of Management – G.Venkatesan. J.J.Publisher,
(Madurai).1994
2. Management in Health Care - A Theoretical and Experiential
approach - Elaine Lynnela Monica and Philiplan Morgan.
Macmillan Publishers. 1997.
3. Essentials of Management - Harold Konntzweihrich - Tata
th
McGrawHill – 11 Edition, 2005 .

MHA 102. HOSPITAL ECONOMICS FINANCIAL AND

MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE:

The purpose of this course is to acquaint the students with the various
concepts. Techniques methods, process of accounting data, analysis,
interpretation, decision making in the areas of Economics of hospital
its financing and Management Accounting.

UNITS – I: Scope of Hospital economics, Financial and

Management Accounting
Definition of economics, costing charging and cost recovery of clinical
services. Economic efficiency of hospital operations, cost
effectiveness analysis , cost utility analysis ,cost benefit analysis
Functions - Distinction between economics, management accounting
Financial accounting and cost accounting - Tools and Techniques of
Management accounting - Accounting concepts and conventions -
Installation of management accounting system Accounting system a
source of financial information - financial statement Balance sheet -
Profits and loss account - Relation between balance sheet and profits
and loss account - Study of Balance sheet.

UNITS – II: Financial Statement Analysis and Funds Flow

Analysis
Modes of expression of ratios - Steps in ratio analysis - Advantages
and limitations of ratio analysis - Classifications of ratios. Funds flow
statement - working capital - Receivables Management - Uses and
limitations of funds flow statement - Preparation of funds flow
20 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
statement - working capital statement.

21 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT III: Case Flow Statement
Difference between funds analysis and cash flow analysis -
Advantages and limitations of cash flow statement - preparation of
cash flow statement - Computation of cash form operation -
computation of funds from operations - External sources of cash -
Applications of cash - form of statement of cash from operations -
Forms of cash flow statement.

UNITS – IV: Marginal Costing

Definition - Advantages and limitation of marginal costing - Marginal
costing and absorption costing - cost - volume profits analysis -
application of marginal costing - Break even analysis Differential
costing - Activity Based costing.

UNIT – V : Budgeting And Budgetary Control And Capital

Budgeting
Meeting and definition - Difference between forecast and budget -
Objectives of budgetary control - Advantages and limitations of
budgetary control - Preparation of budget - classification of budget -
control ratios. Definition - Capital expenditure budget - Importance of
capital budgeting - types of capital expenditure - Methods of capital
budgeting - Capital rationing - time preference for money -
Compounds value - Present value - Value of an annuity due - Multi -
period compounding - Net present value - present value and rates of
return.

Textbook
rd
1. Essentials of Cost Accounting for Health Care Organizations 3
edition By Steven A. Finkler, David Marc Ward, Judith J.
Baker.2007
2. I.M.Pandey, Financial Management - Vikas Publishing Houses Pvt
Ltd., Tenth Edition 2010.

References:
1. Malcolm R.Hosting, Cost Management Strategies for Smaller
Hospitals. Amer Hospital Pub 1993.
nd
2. James C.Van Horne, Financial Management Policy – 12 Edition,
Prentice Hall of India Ltd.2001
22 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 th
3. Prassana Chandra, Financial Management, 7 edition, 2008.
th
4. Fundamental of financial management, concise 7 edition Eugene
F. Brigham and Joel F. Houston. 2011

23 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA 103. BIO-STATISTICS AND OPERATIONS
RESEARCH

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVES:
To give broader understanding of the statistical concept and
techniques for research study only and to develop an understanding
of basic management science techniques and their role in managerial
decision - making.

UNIT – I: Introduction To Basic Statistics

Introduction to concepts - Experimental settings and tests of
hypothesis - Areas of application in statistics - Introduction to some
essential features - Data recorded in routine clinical practice -
qualitative and quantitative observations - Scale of measurement.

UNIT II: Frequency Distribution, Measures Of Central Tendency

And Dispersion:
Conceptual issues - Frequency distribution - characteristics and
diagrams - Arithmetic mean. Median, Mode, position of averages,
percentiles - Geometric mean and Harmonic mean - selection of
appropriate measures of central tendency - Measures of dispersion -
concept of range - main deviation - Interquartile range, variance and
standard deviation - coefficient of variation and method of calculating
standard deviation.

UNIT – III: Linear Regression and Correlations

Introduction - Scatter diagram, correlation and regression - correlation
coefficient and regression equation and restriction - Multiple
regression and other extensions.

UNIT – IV: Tests of Significance

Introduction to procedures, test of significance for large and small
samples - Estimations for large and small samples - distribution of chi
- square - formula, degree of freedom - application and misuses of
che-square test - non pararnetric statistical tests further statistical
methods - Introduction to concepts - Advantages and disadvantages
of non-parametric tests - Non parametric tests examples and
24 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
illustrations.

25 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT - V : Introduction Operational Research
Evolution of Operations Research - Models - Formulation of Models -
using models for problem solving - Techniques of Operations
Research - Limitations of Operations Research. Requirements of L.P.
Applications of L.P. - Graphical methods and Simplex methods of
solving optimization problems - Duality and Sensitivity Analysis -
Technical issues in Simplex method - SPECIAL PURPOSE
ALGORITHMS Transportation model - Balanced and Unbalanced
Problems - North - West Corner rule - Vogel's Approximation method -
Assignment model - Hungarian model.

Textbook
1. An Introduction to Biostatistics – a manual for students in health in
th
health sciences. 5 Edn. – P.S.S.Sundar Rao and J. Richard,
Preentice hall of India publishers.2012.
2. Business statistics and operations research – P.R Vittal, Margam
Publishers 2003.
Reference
1. Methods in Biostatistics for Medical Students and Research
th
Workers (English), 8 Edition
2. BK Mahajan, Jaypee Brothers, 2016.
3. Introduction to statistics - Levin – Prentice hall.2010
4. Elementary statistical methods – S.P Guptha – Sultan Chand
th
and Sons, 13 edition (1999)
5. Bio statistics – Wayne W. Daniel VII Edition, John Wiley and
th
Sons, Inc, 7 Edition (2000)

26 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA104. OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT -I CLINICAL
and SUPPORT SERVICES IN HOSPITALS

Hours: 60
Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE:
1. Understand the structure and functions of different departments of
a hospitals and health care organizations
2. Developing skills in planning, building and managing hospital and
health care organizations
3. Application of the concepts and techniques of modern
management in different health care units.

UNIT – I: Introduction
Hospital administration – the beginning – introduction – rationale of
hospital administration – role of hospital – problem solving in hospital
– hospital statistics – role of hospitals in new millennium – introduction
of clinical and non – clinical – supportive and ancillary services.

UNIT – II: Management and organization of clinical support

service
Meaning – objectives – functions – importance of outpatient services –
in-patient services –emergency services – operation theatre –
intensive care units – IPS (international patient service)

UNIT – III
Nursing service – objectives – nursing administration – duties of
nursing officers – nursing and staff in the ward – nursing units -
nursing station and ward management

UNIT – IV
Meaning – objectives – functions – importance of blood bank /
transfusion – pharmacy service - physical medicine and rehabilitation
(PMR) service

UNIT – V: Diagnostic and therapeutic services and Management

and organization of clinical services
Meaning – objectives – functions – importance of laboratory service –
biochemistry – pathology - hematology – histopathology –
27 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
microbiology – radiology department – nuclear medicine – X ray –
MRI – PET – radiotherapy. Clinical services – meaning – importance –
types of general medicine – cardiology – nephrology – neurology –
orthopedics – obstetrics and gynecology – gastroenterology –
dermatology – anesthesia - urology – pediatrics – oncology –
endocrinology – brief explanation of each services

Textbook
1. Principles of hospital administration and planning, BM Sakharkar,
nd
Jaypee Brothers, 2 Edition 2009.
2. Hospital administration, DC Joshi, Mamta Joshi, Jaypee Brothers
st
Medical Publishers, 1 Edition, 2009.

References
nd
1. Managing a Modern Hospital, A.V. Srinivasan. 2 Edition, Sage
publication 2008.
2. Hospital administrator desk book, Robert C. Benjamin and
th
Rudolph C, Kemppainem, 9 Edition, Prentice-Hall inc., 2014

MHA 105. HEALTH CARE CONCEPTS

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVES:
1. To understand the concepts of health and disease
2. To understand communicable and non-communicable diseases
3. To understand hospital infection control

UNIT – I: Concepts of health and diseases

Concepts of health, definition and dimensions of health, spectrum of
health, determinants of health, indicators of health, concept of
disease, concept of disease causation, natural history of disease,
concept of disease control, levels of prevention, modes of disease
intervention, internal classification of disease

UNIT –II: Principles of epidemiology and epidemiological

methods
Definition and basic concepts of epidemiology including
epidemiological triad, basic measurement in epidemiology including
measures of mortality and morbidity, methods in epidemiology,
28 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
infectious disease epidemiology, investigation of an epidemic out
break
UNIT – III: Communicable and non-communicable diseases
Nosocomial infections and other common communicable disease:-
measles, chickenpox, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, Tetanus,
common non communicable diseases – coronary heart disease,
hypertension, diabetes, cancer

UNIT - IV: Demography MCH and family welfare

Demographic cycle, demographic trend in india, national population
policy 2000, family planning / welfare concepts, contraceptive
methods, national family planning programe, MCH

UNIT – V: Hospital infection control

Definitions, hospital infections – importance, determinates, sources,
routes of transmission, principles of control of hospital infections.
Infection control teams, committees, policies and objectives of
infection control department. Environmental health and hospital waste
management -Environment and health, pollution – nature, sources,
health effects and management, concept of disinfection and
decontamination, hospital waste management, control measures in
wards, operation theaters, laundry, kitchen, etc.

Textbook
1. Epidemiology and health services management, Haeoutune K.
Armenian Shapiro. 1 edition, Oxford University Press; 1997.
2. Epidemiology and management for Health care for All –
P.V.Sathe, Medical Publications, 4th Edition, 2014.

References
rd
1. Control of hospitals infection – a practical handbook, 3 edition –
G.A.J. lawbury, A.N geddes, J.D Willians, Chapman and Hall
Medical Chennai. Oxford Textbook of public health, Vol.3, 1997.
rd
2. 2.Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 22 edition – J.E.
Park, Bhanot Publication; 2013.
3. 3.Epidemiology in health services management, – G.E.AlanDever,
Asper publication. In Gaithersburg, maryalad. 1984.

29 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA P1. COMPUTER SKILLS

Hours 30 Credits 2
UNIT - I
Organization of computers - Generation of computers - types of
computers - Input devices - Output devices - Software - Systems
Software Application Software - overview of DOS, UNIX and window
operating systems. Programming Language - computer - Interpreter.

UNIT - II
Test processing software - Introduction to MS - Office, Power-point
word, Excel, Creation of Spreadsheet application - Range, formula's
functions. Database function, Database function in spreadsheet -
Graphics on spreadsheet.

UNIT - III
DATA Communication Networking - LAN and WAN - Wireless LAN -
Internet, Internet - Extranet - Virtual Private Networks (VPN) Virus
deduction and elimination.

UNIT - IV
Software Development Process - file Design and Report design - Data
File types /Organization - Master and Transaction file - Program
Development cycle - Flowchart - Input process - Output Analysis.

Textbook
1. Therapeutic Communication: Developing Professional
nd
Skills.Herschel E. Knapp 2 edition sage publication.2014
2. Rajendran Pal and J.S Koralhalli, essential of business
communication,2004.

References
1. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko G. Vranesic, Sawat G. Zaky – Computer
th
Organizations, 5 edition new Delhi. Mc-Graw hill international
2001.
2. Computer Applications in Management, Prabhpreet Chopra &
Sanjay Saxena, Vikas Publication, 2006

30 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHAP2. COMMUNICATION AND PERSONALTITY
DEVELOPMENT
Hours: 30 Credit:2

OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this course is to develop and increase the
communication abilities and applying different software and hardware
system available in the industry and build up the experience of
computer usage in the Hospital and business organization with
specific reference to data processing system.
UNIT - I
Communication - Needs, scope – types of communication – verbal
and non-verbal communication – body language – postures and
gestures – attire – appearance – handshake – smile

UNIT - II
Listening skills - listening process – types of listening – barriers to
listening – importance of listening skills in business

UNIT – III
Business letters - significance – essentials of a business letter.
Internal – interactive communication – meetings, purpose, procedure
– chairmanship – seminar – conference – presentation skills. Report
writing – types of reports – essentials of good report writing

UNIT - IV
Inter- personal relations: Feelings; types and steps to deal with
complex feelings. Assertiveness and Confidence building. Body
language : Role of different parts of the body in communication, Non-
verbal behaviour.

UNIT - V
Conflict: types and resolutions. Emotions, emotional empathy and
emotional intelligence

References:
1. Personality Development and Communication Skills – I, Dr. C.B.
Gupta, Jain Book Agency, 2013
2. Personality Development Handbook by D. P. Sabharwal, Prakash
Books India Pvt Ltd, 2011

31 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 SEMESTER - II
MHA 201. HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE:
This Paper is to understand the importance of Human Resources
Management in the organization how training and development,
preference appraisal and compensation can help improving the
functioning of personnel; the role played by industrial relations and
labour laws in shaping HRM.
UNIT – I: The strategic role of human resources management
Nature, scope, objectives and importance of HRM. Systems approach
to HRM. HRM and competitive advantage, strategic human resources
management, traditional HR versus strategic HR, history of personnel
human resource management, evolution of the concept of HRM,
Growth in India, HRM in the new millennium. Evolution of HRM – The
strategic significance of HRM in today’s business – the concept of
HRD – The HRM structure – The line and the staff function of HRM –
the role of HR managers.
UNIT –II: HRM in a dynamic environment
Introduction, technological changes, traditional and total quality HRM
approaches, HR’s role I reengineering processes, workforce diversity,
diversity issues in India, internal environment and managing diversity
Organizational job design – the issues behind it. The concepts of job
description and specification and its uses. The role of hob enrichment,
enlargement job rotation and job evaluation in HR functioning –
Human resources planning the factors behind the process
Recruitment and induction – the selection procedures and uses of
psychological and trade tests.

UNIT – III: Job analysis, recruitment, selection, placement,

induction, internal mobility and separation
Job description, job specification, role analysis, job analysis.
Recruitment constraints and challenges, situational audit for
recruitment, the economic, social, legal environment – sources of
recruitment, methods of recruitment, recruitment Indian experiences.
Selection, definition, purpose and process. Placement, induction
orientation, induction training in India, internal mobility, career
planning, promotion and transfer and employee separations

32 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – IV: Training and development
Training Vs development, training Vs education, the philosophy of
training, applicability of training, areas of training, types of training,
training methods, evaluation of a training programme. Steps in the
organizational development, performance appraisal systems, methods
/ techniques of management development programmes, selection of a
suitable methods. Wage and salary administration – the theories
relating to it – concept of incentive and its operational implications –
fringe benefits – management of perquisites – participative decision
making – suggestion making - industrial discipline – management of
safety – concept of collective bargaining – the role of trade union in
industrial relations.

UNIT – V: Collective bargaining and empowerment

Concept, features, objectives, bargaining issues, types of bargaining,
the process of collective bargaining, suggestions for effective
implementation of collective bargaining.Forms of participation,
government policy and participation, works committees, evaluation,
Indian experiences of empowerment alternative approach to
participating. Wage and salary administration – the theories relating to
it – concept of incentives and its operational implications - fringe
benefits – management of perquisites Labour Laws – the Industrial
Dispute Act 1947 – Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act 1946
– The Trade Unions Act 1926 – Contract Labour Act.

Employee’s Provident funds Act 1952, and payment of Gratuity Act

1972 – Payment of Wages Act 1936 – Minimum Wages Act, 1948 –
E.S.I. Act 1948 – Workmen Compensation Act. 1923.

Textbook
1. Human resource management, text and cases by Mr. V.S P RAO,
nd
2 Edition , publisher excels books, 2006.
th
2. Human Resource Management, Biswajeet Pattanayak, 4 Edition,
Eastern Economy Edition, New Delhi, 2014.
References
th
1. Principles of personnel management – Edwin Flippo - 4 edition
McGraw hill,1982
2. Human resource management, H. John Bernardin, Joyce E.A
th
Russell,6 edition McGraw – Hill, 2013.
33 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 MHA202. HEALTHCARE MARKETING MANAGEMENT

Hours: 60 Credit : 4

OBJECTIVE :
To familiarize the students about the environment of market,
consumer Behavior and to develop the ability to design the best
marketing strategy by analyzing the factors influencing the purchase
decision.
UNIT – I: INTRODUCTION
Introduction to concepts of marketing in a medical care organization –
Needs wants, demands products, value, satisfaction and quality –
Exchange transactions and relationships – medical marketing and
marketers - Evolution of Marketing – Relationship Marketing.
UNIT – II: STRATEGIC PLANNING
Strategic planning – mission, objectives, goals – setting marketing
objectives – the marketing process – Target consumers, marketing
strategic for competitive advantages for competitive advantage and
developing this marketing mix – strategic Business Units – SBU –
Concept of a marketing environment – the Macro environment in
which the company operates – Demographic, economic, technologist
cultural, political, etc – managing the marketing effort – analysis,
planning, organization implementation, control and environment – Unit
objectives – global marketing in the medical sector – WTO and its
implications.
UNIT – III: Marketing Research , Consumer Behaviour and Market
Segmentation and Dealing with Competition
Marketing information systems – assessing information needs,
developing and disseminating information – market Research process
– other market research consideration – consumer Market and
consumer Buyer Behavior – Model of consumer behavior –
Characteristics affecting consumer behavior role – types of buying
decision behavior – the buyer decision process – Business Markets
and Business Buyer Behavior – Characteristics of business markets –
Model of business buyer behavior – Major types of buying situations –
Participants in the business buying process – the business buying
process – Institutional and Government markets. Market
Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning for competitive Advantage –
market and market segmentation – Requirements for effective
34 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
segmentation – market targeting

35 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

Evaluating and selecting market segments – Positioning for
competitive advantage – Dealing with the competition – Identifying –
analyzing competitions – Designing the competitive intelligence
system Designing competitive strategies.

UNIT – IV: Product and Pricing Strategies

Products, brand, packaging and services – concept of product design
– product classification – Individual product decisions – product line
decisions – product mix decisions including : International mix
decision – New Product Development and Product Life cycle Strategic
Concept of new Product – New Product success, failure, dilemma –
New Product development process – Product life cycle strategic.
Product Pricing – considerations, Approaches and Strategic – Pricing
– Factors to be considered when setting process – General pricing
approaches – new Product strategic – market product – mix pricing
strategic – price adjustment strategic and price changes.

UNIT – V: Marketing Channels and Communication

The nature of distribution channel – channel behavior and
organization – channel design decisions – channel management
decisions – distribution and applicable to hospital products Physical
distribution and logistics management – Retailing – store non – store
retailing, decision – future prospects – wholesaling – types trends,
decisions – Advertising, sale promotion growth tools, promotion
programmes – Public / business relations tools decisions, etc –
Personal Selling – role personal selling – nature and sales force –
managing the sales force – designing structure, strategy etc –
principles of personal selling – process, relationships etc..

Text book
1. Marketing your medcial practice. Christoher burton Kindle edition.
e book 2014.
th
2. Marketing Management, Philip Kotler, Kevin Lane Keller, 15
Edition New Delhi, 2014.

Referrences
1. Ultimate marketing guide for medical practice. Ali Asadi. Kindle
edition.2014
nd
2. Consumer Behaviour. Jim Blythe, Sage Publication, 2 Edition,
2013.

36 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA203. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
60 hours 4 credits

OBJECTIVE:
The subject deals with people at work in organizations, it emphasis
the influence of motivation, leadership, power and politics over the
organization function.

UNIT -I
Significance of organizational behavior - scope historical development
of organizational behavior - fundamental concepts - different school
though or organizational behavior - A conceptual model or
organizational behavior - Hawthorne experiments and their
significance in the industries.

UNIT – II
Organization structure and theories - decision process -
communication process - Control process - social system,
understanding a social system roles and status - organization culture
and climate - values and attitudes and job attitudes and job
satisfaction.

UNIT - III
Foundations of individual behavior - Biographical characteristics
personality stage of personality development and personality theories
- perception. Meaning and definition - perceptual process. Leading
nature of learning. How learning occurs principles of learning and OB -
concept of learning organization.

UNIT - IV
The dynamics of group behavior theories of group behavior group
behavior process determinants of group behavior - types of groups,
group norms employee participation - Strategies for improving group
decision making. Transactional analysis - conflict and conflict
resolution models - Traditional and modern view of conflicts, power
and politics - sources of power and cause for politics.

UNIT - V
Leadership theories leadership models motivation and theories
organizational changes - Resistance of change - organizational
Development. Managing creativity, work stress and counseling of
37 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
employees to manage stress - types of counseling - Directive and
non-directive method.

38 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

Textbook
1. Organizational Behavior, Stephen P. Robbins, 16th Edition,
Pearson Publications.2014
2. Hospital management and Organizational Behavior. Laurie
J.Mullins.2001
3. Organizational Behaviour, O. Jeff Harris & Sandra J. Hartman,
Jaico Publishing House, 2002.

References
th
1. Organizational Behavior, Fred Luthans, 12 edition.McGrawHill
international 2010.
2. Organizational Behavior, Margie Parikh andRajen Gupta, McGraw
st
hill higher 1 edn.2010

MHA204. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE:
1. To introduce the concept of scientific Research and the methods
of conducting scientific data collection.
2. To introduce the statistical tools of data Analysis and to conduct a
Research study and prepare the report writings protocol.

UNIT – I: Research Methodology

Introduction to concepts – Definition, objectives, types approaches,
significance – Research methods v/s methodology – Research
process – Criteria of good research – Research problems
encountered by researchers – Defining the Research problem –
Defining a Research problem, and its importance – Technique
involved in a selecting a Research problem- Selecting the Research
problem – Research Design – Meaning and need for research design
– Features of a good design – Important concepts relating to research
design – Explanation of different types of research designs and their
uses – Developing a research plan.

UNIT – II: Sampling Design And Methods of Data collection

Census and sample survey – the Sampling Process – Sample Size –
Determination – Various sampling methods – Measurement and
scaling Techniques – Measurement concept in research –
Measurement scales and test of sound measurement – Technique of
39 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
developing measurement tools – Sources of errors in measurement –
Scaling – definition, classification, important techniques – derived
Attitude Scales – Scale construction techniques – questionnaire
Design. Concept of primary and secondary data – Methods of data
collection – questionnaire, schedule – Observations, interview, case
study, etc – Appropriate method of data collection and guideline Data
Processing and Analysis – Processing operations – Problems in
processing – Unvaried Hypothesis Tests – Hypothesis tests
Requirement interval data – Hypothesis tests using ordinal data –
Hypothesis tests using nominal data – Multivariate Hypothesis Test –
ANOVA without interaction – ANOVA with interaction – Measures of
Association – Measure of Association between two variables –
Multivariate Measures of association – types of analysis and statistics
in research

UNIT – III: Hypothesis and Test of Significance

Testing of hypotheses – basic concepts, procedure, test of
significance, assumptions about parametric and non-parametric tests.
Parametric test – T test, F test and Z test I way ANOVA, 2 way
ANOVA – multivariate analysis - factor, cluster, multidimensional
scaling, discriminant analysis. (No prblems)

UNIT – IV: Interpretation, Report Writing And Sales Forecasting

Meaning of interpretation – Need and technique of data interpretation
– Caution in interpretation – significance and steps in report writing –
mechanics of writing a research report - layout of report – types of
repots – oral presentation – executive summary – mechanics of
writing research report – precautions for writing report – norms for
using tables, charts and diagrams – appendix, norms for using index
and bibliography. Marketing Information and Decision Support
systems – Marketing Information systems – Marketing Decision
support systems – Expert systems. Judgmental Methods of
forecasting – forecasting by time Series Analysis and Projection –
Casual methods of Forecasting – error costs and the value of
Forecasts – the choice of Forecasting Models.

UNIT – V: Ethical Issues In Research

The nature of Ethical issues in Research – Ethical Issues in Medical
Research – Health Management Research – Introduction to concept
of HMR – Steps in the Process of HMR – HMR as a tool in health
management decision making process – Avenues and approaches to
40 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
HMR.

Textbook
1. Research methodology – methods and techniques – C.R Kothari,
rd
Gaurav Garg, 3 Edition , New Age International Publication,
2014.
2. P. Saravanavel – Research Methodology – Kitabmahal, New
Delhi. 2005

References
1. Donald R. Cooper and Pamela S. Schindler – Business research
methods – Tata McGraw hill.2014.
2. . Deepak Chawla and Dr. NeenaSondhi, Research methodology
concepts and cases - Vikas publishing hourse Pvt. Ltd. 2011

MHA205. OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT –II NON CLINICAL

SERVICES

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE
1. Understand the structure and functions of different departments of
a hospitals and health care organizations
2. Application of the concepts and techniques of modern
management in different health care units.
3. To familiarize the students to identify the areas of safety
measures in hospitals

UNIT – I: Organization and management of support services

Meaning – objectives – functions - importance of admission, billing
and discharge procedure – medical records management – hospital
transportation system (Ambulance service) – biomedical equipment
department

UNIT – II
Meaning – objectives – functions – central sterile supply department –
hospital housekeeping service - linen and laundry services – dietary
service – hospital engineering services (plumbing electricity, civil, A/c,
lifts) Hospital waste management – evaluation of hospital services –
patient satisfaction – assessing patient satisfaction – current issues in
hospital management
41 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
UNIT – III
Occupational safety in hospital – hospital acquired infection –
objectives – introduction – control and prevention – antibiotic policy –
hospital infection control committee – role and functions – surveillance
– mode of transmission – training and education – universal
precautions for health care workers

UNIT – IV
Hospital security service – threats and vulnerabilities of hospitals –
role of hospital security – functions of hospital security department –
physical security measures – perimeter protection system – selection
and management of security staff/contract security agency and
security training – security staff discipline – security training – some
basic provisions of the Indian penal code (IPC) concerning security

UNIT - V
Elements of fire – fire hazard triangle – causes of hospital fires – fire
protection – structure planning and design consideration – buildings,
harness communication zone – fire points and escape routes – means
of escape – radiation hazards – biological effects of radiation hazards
– radiation protection and safety – radiation safety monitoring –
principles in the layout of a radiological diagnostic room – radiation
protection aspects – radioactive waste collection and disposal

Textbook
1. Arnold D. Kalcizonyand Stephen M. Shortell, Health Care
Management. Delmar Publishers, 2000
2. Sangeetha Natarajan, Hospital Supportive Services Excel Books,
2010.

References
1. Carolyn semplepiggot and Carolyn S. Piggot, business planning
for health care management illustrated edition .Open University
Press ;2000.
2. Perspectives in health care – Nancy North – Palgrave Macmillan,
1997.

MHAP3. CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND BRAND

MANAGEMENT

42 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

Hours: 30 Credit: 2

OBJECTIVE
To familiarize the students about the consumer behavior and brand
management, which help to develop the ability and enable to design
the best marketing strategy.

UNIT – I
Introduction : the application of consumer behavior, principal to
strategic marketing, consumer research, consumer psychographics
constructing a psychographic inventory, application of psychographic
analysis.

43 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – II
The nature of consumers attitude : structural models of attitudes,
measurement of attitudes, social class, life style profiles of the social
classes – influence of culture of consumer behavior, characteristics of
culture, the measurement of cultural personal influence and opinion
leadership process, measurement of opinion leadership

UNIT – III
Consumer decision making, four view of consumer – economic man,
passive man, cognitive man, emotional man, consumer decision
process, comprehensive models of consumer decision making Nicosia
model howard – sheth model, engel-kollat-black well model.

UNIT – IV
Understand brands – brand hierarchy, brand personality, brand
image, brand identity, brand positioning, brand equity, value addition
form branding – brand – customer relationship, brand loyalty and
customer loyalty.

UNIT – V
Managing brands : brand creation, brand extensions, brand – product
rlationships, brand portfolio: brand assessment through research –
brand identity, position, image, personality assessment and
change.Brand revitalization : financial aspects of brands, branding in
different sectors : customer, industrial, retail and service brands

Text book
1. Assail H Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Action, Ohio, South
West 1995
2. Peeru Mohamed, Sagadevan, Customer Relationship
Management, Vikas 2009
References
1. S.A Chunawalla, Product management, Himalaya publication
House.1998
2. Aaker, David, A. Managing brand equity, New York, free press,
1991

44 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA P4. ADVERTISING AND SALES PROMOTION

Hours: 30 Credit: 2

OBJECTIVE
To familiarize the students about the advertising and sales promotion
to develop the ability to design the best marketing strategy by
analyzing the factors influencing the purchase decision

UNIT – I
Advertising and the marketing process, media planning and selection
campaign planning and launching, message designing and
development, advertising budgeting, corporate advertising

UNIT – II
Client-agency relationship – the role and working of Ad agency
measurement of advertisement effectiveness – DAGMAR approach –
pre – testing, post-testing techniques of measuring advertisement
effectiveness

UNIT – III
Sales promotion – consumer promotion, dealer promotion, sales force
promotion, sales force planning and execution – recent trends –
elementary knowledge of public relation

UNIT – IV
Introduction of sales management – understanding basics of selling
meaning, important and scope, selling, salesmanship, selling process,
selling skills

UNIT – V
Sales organization and territory management – importance of sales
organization, types of sales organization, rates, responsibilities of
sales manager, sales forecasting and budgeting, territory
management, sales quotas, sales displays and sales promotion Sales
force management – meaning, importance of sales force, recruitment,
selection of sales force, training, compensation, motivation,
performance education and controlling of sales force

45 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

Textbook
1. Chunwalla sales management Himalayan publication house.New
Delhi;2000
2. P. Saravanavel and S.Sumathi: Advertising and salesmanship,
Margham Publication, 2009
References
1. R.L.Spiro WJ Stanton, G.A. Rich Management of sales force Tata
McGraw Hill publication, 2003.
3. Chunawalla and sethia – advertisement management –
Himalayan publication house.2002

SEMESTER – III

MHA301.ENTREPRENEURSHIP, CONSULTANCY

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE
This paper is to understand the importance of healthcare
entrepreneurship and consultancy management. Help in improving the
functional understanding and nuances of doing business
independently. To introduce the students to NGO sector / to provide
an overview of NGO To introduce the basic concepts / to provide
basic managerial skills for NGO personal

Part – A. Entrepreneurship / Consultancy

UNIT – I Introduction
Entrepreneur: Meaning – functions – concept – characteristics –
types, entrepreneur Vs intrapreneur, approaches to entrepreneur
development, entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurship and
economic development, role of entrepreneurs

UNIT – II Entrepreneurial development

Approaches to entrepreneurship development – entrepreneurship
development programme – objectives – structuring entrepreneurial
development programmes – strategies for entrepreneurship
development

46 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – III Identification of entrepreneurial opportunities
Project identification – scanning of business environment – selection
of a product – adopt process – criteria for selecting a particular
product – product planning and development process – marketing –
commercialization

UNIT – IV Launching and management of small business

Location of enterprise and steps in setting SSI. Monitoring and
evaluation of business – preventing sickness and rehabitation of
business units – effective management of small business

UNIT- V Institution’s in aid of entrepreneurial development and

Consultancy management
Entrepreneurial development programme organization’s –
management development institute (MDI) – the national institute for
entrepreneurship and small business development (NIESBUD) –
institutes for entrepreneurship development – science and technology
entrepreneuship parks (STEPS) – EDPs of SIDBI – role of NAYE
(National Alliance for young entrepreneurs) Concepts of consultancy –
legal – financial, technical, quality, socio-economic and managerial
aspects of consultancy

Textbook
1. S.K Mohanty, prentice Hall in India, New Delhi, Fundamentals of
entrepreneurship.2009
2. Rajendra Lohati, Establishment and Management of Nursing
Homes and Small Hospitals, S.S.Publication Indore, 2000.

References
1. Dynamics of entrepreneurial development and management
th
vasantdesai,5 edition Himalaya publication house2014.

47 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA302. LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE :
1. To explore development of the logistics functions.
2. To examine the strategic function of logistics Management in the
Modern Corporation.

UNIT – 1 LOGISTICS ROLE IN THE ECONOMY AND THE FIRM

Definition of Logistics Management – Logistics role in the Economy –
Logistics Role in the Firm – Development of Logistics Management –
Future Challenges – the Integrated Logistics Management Concept –
Introduction – Logistics and the Marketing function – The total cost
concept – Logistics and corporate Profit performance – the financial
Impact of Logistics Decision – Conducting a Logistics and Marketing
audit – developing a Logistics Strategy.

UNIT – II CUSTOMER SERVICE

Element of customer Service – Consumer Reactions to Stock outs –
cost / Revenue Trade – offs – ABC Analysis – the Customer Service
Audits – Identifying Potential solution – Establishing customer service
levels – Developing and Reporting customer service standards –
Impediments to an Effective customer Service strategy – Improving
customer Service Performance Transportation – time and place utility
– Transportation / Logistics / marketing interface – Factors influencing
Transportation costs / pricing – Transportation Service Characteristics
– the Transportation system – Transportation Regulation – Regulatory
Reforms.

UNIT – III WAREHOUSING

Nature and Importance of Warehousing – type of Warehousing – A
comparison of Public and Private warehousing – Warehousing
Operations Facility Development – size and Number of Warehouses –
Location Analysis – Warehouse Layout and Design – Package –
computer Technology, Information and Warehouse Management –
Warehouse Productivity Measurement – Improving Warehouse
Productivity.

48 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – IV FINANCIAL IMPACT OF INVENTORY
Financial Aspects of Inventory Strategy – Inventory Carrying costs –
the impact of Inventor Turnover on Inventory Carrying costs –
Inventory Management – Basic Inventory Concepts Basic Inventory
concepts – Basic Inventory Management – Inventory management
under conditions of certainty – inventor – Management under
Uncertainty – Calculating Safety Stock Requirements – Calculating Fill
Rate - Symptoms of poor Inventory Management – Impact of an
Inventory Reduction on Corporate Profit Performance – Economic
Quantity.

UNIT –V PURCHASING AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENT AND

HEALTH CARE CODES
Purchasing activities – supplier Selection and Evaluation – Quality
Control – forward Buying just – in – time Purchasing – “Loose”
Engineering Specification - Benefits of Value analysis Benefits of JIT
Purchasing Research and Planning – Purchasing cost management
Measurement and Evaluation of Purchasing Performance – Impact
Export Policy – Letter of Credit – Import of goods, equipment –
General consideration – Impact documentation and customs
clearance – Medical Equipment procurement considerations – Order
processing and Information systems – Customer order cycle – the
communications function – Advanced order Processing systems –
Inside Sales /Telemarketing Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) –
Integrated Order Processing and the company’s Logistics –
Management of Information system. FDA Regulation – Joint
commission on Accreditation of Hospital – National Fire Protection
Association Standard, IRPC – Equipment Maintains Management –
Organizing Maintenance Operation – Paperwork Control –
Maintenance job Planning – Work measurements and Standards –
Preventive Maintenance – Maintenance Budgeting and Forecasting –
Maintenance Training Contract maintenance - Equipment Audit –
Arbitration Quality improvement in store management.

Textbook
st
1. K.ShridharaBhat, Logistics and Supply chain management, 1
edition Himalaya Publishing Hourse.2014
2. Douglas M. Lambert and James R. Stock, Strategic Logistics
th
Management, 4 edition McGraw-Hill International Editions.2000.

49 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA303.HOSPITAL BUSINESS POLICY
Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE :
The course aims to develop the decision making ability of the student
through case discussions seminars, quite programmes, Role playing
Management games etc in business – environment and formulation of
business plans strategies in the real world situation.
UNIT –I
Business Policies – Originated policy – appealed policy externally
imposed policy – Need and importance of policies Principles of policy
making – Method of formulating a new or revised policy policy
Administration – functional Policies – Relationship of business policies
to company goals, plans and strategies. Type of policies used in
Corporation – corporate planning :Difference between operational and
strategic planning – Characteristics of strategic steps involved in a
strategic plan – A corporate Marketing plan framing action
programmes - Strategic Management – Evolution – nature and
importance of Strategic Management – Relationship between
Strategic Management and Operational Management.
UNIT – II
Marketing orientation to development policy – corporate strategy –
distinction between strategy and strategic plan – defensive strategy –
Offensive strategy – classification strategic – Competitive Analysis –
Industry Analysis – Self Analysis of organizations.
UNIT – III
Strategic use of marketing variables – Business Portfolio Analysis –
Merger – Horizontal merger – Vertical merger – conglomerate merger
– Product extension – Market extension – Pure conglomerate
extension – Acquisition – Joint Venture.

UNIT – IV
Concept of Product diversification – Classification of diversification –
Single product diversification – Horizontal diversification –
conglomerate diversification – Market penetration – Market
development – Product development – diversification in selected
Indian Industries - case study of some Indian Industries – corporate
image – corporate image versus brand image – Dimensions of
corporate image – Survey method to determine the corporate image –

50 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

Social audit – social Performance – Business ethics – Evolution –
Concepts – social Marketing – Social Auditing – Basic Procedures –
Benefits of social audit.
UNIT – V
Organizational environment – stable environment – changed
environment – turbulent environment matching the system to the
environment – Matching system – organic system differentiation –
Integration – Organizational Life cycle – Evolution – Revolution
Creativity – direction, Coordination – collaboration – Management
environment – Social – Cultural Economic political – Educational –
Ethics environment. Impact of technology – An organizational
structure – Impact of culture values on managerial effectiveness –
people and structure – Managers and employees structure – Social
responsibilities of business – Areas of involvement. The Government’s
role in Business Rationalization – automation and Nationalization -
Strategies for International operations – globalization of Business –
Strategic – control process.

Textbook
nd
1. Strategic management and business policy – AzharKazmi, 2
edition, McGraw Hill companies;2002
2. Strategic management analysis, implementation and control – A
Nag, Vikas publishing house Pvt Ltd. 2011

References
1. Strategic management formulation, implementation and control –
th
John A Pearce II, Richard B Robinson, Jr and AmitaMital, 10
edition ,McGrow Hill companies;2008.
2. An integrated approach to strategic management – Charles W.L
th
Hill – 10 edition.Gareth R Jones, Cengage Learning;2012.

51 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA304. HEALTH INSURANCE
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE:

1. Understand the policies and theories for creating a better

provision for health care.
2. Developing knowledge in the area of Health Sector Reform with a
special emphasis on Indian health sector related policies.
3. To familiarize students in the areas of Risk Management and
Insurance.
4. Conceptualizing the importance and monitoring quality in health
care with a special emphasis on tools for quality improvement.

UNIT – I ISSUES, THORIES AND CONCEPTS IN POLICY

FORMULATION
Welfare economics and investments in human capital – Health
Economics – Demand of Health and Health services - Demand
elasticity and health – Health – production, health and health care –
economic evaluation of health care – economics of markets and
market intervention – role and responsibility of Government in the
Health Sector – Evident Based Policy.

UNIT – II FINANCING, RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND HEALTH

SECTOR REFORM
Mobilizing finance and model of financing – Public Expenditure in
Health Mobilization of Private Resources – Selection of a suitable
option – role of International Agencies – health sector reform – Health
systems around the world – Reliance on the state – voluntary
insurance based system – social insurance system – parallel systems
– trends in the health sector reform – country experience with health
sector reform – Analytical Approach to health sector reform.

UNIT – III PLAN IMPLEMENTATUION AND CONTROL

National Health Programme – Tools improving planning process –
Regulation – Health service : research – Measurement of Health /
medical need and services Utilization – Resource Allocation : cost
benefit analysis – Eco based budgeting – System analysis and
operation research in Health Care Programme – Control mechanism.

UNIT – IV RISK INSURANCE AND MANAGEMENT

52 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
Introduction to risk and Insurance – risk Identification and risk
Evaluation – risk Management Techniques – risk management and
Insurance Industry – Principle of Insurance and Insurance contracts –
The Structure of Insurance Industry and Player – Selection and
Implementation of risk management Techniques – WTO - Insurance
Law and Regulation – Insurance Laws – Regulation of Insurance and
IRDA – Tax Laws – International Laws – Legal Framework and
Documentation.

UNIT – V GROUP HEALTH INSURANCE AND ACTUARIAL

PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
Principles of Health Insurance – health Insurance products – Group
Insurance Products– Product design, Development and Evaluation –
Risk Assessment, Underwriting and Premium Setting. Claims
Management – Claims Management – Third Party Administration –
social Security –II Application – current Developments. Actuarial
Principles – Demography – Survival distributions and Life Tables –
Interest and Life contingencies – Credibility theory and Loss
distribution – Principles of Ratemaking – Data Required for
Ratemaking – Premium, Loss and Expense Reserves – Insurance
Models Application of Models – current Developments.

Textbook
st
1. Text book of preventive and social medicine – J.E.Park 21
edition 2011.
2. Health planning for effective management – William A. Reinke,
Oxford University Press 1988
3. Principles of risk management and insurance – George E. Rejda
– Pearson Education New Delhi;2008

References
1. Health policy and management – the health care Agenda in a
British political contact -

2. columpaton, 1996, Chapman and Hall publication (madras)

nd
3. Risk management and insurance – Harrington and Niehaus – 2
Edition - McGraw Hill Irwin, 2004
4. Insurance law and practice, Rajiv Jain and Rakhi Biswas, Vidhi
Publishers, Delhi.2001

53 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA305. HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVES:
To understand the importance and application of Information
Technology in Industries to learn the modern method of promoting
business through internet, to emphasis on current Commerce trends,
to study and understand the importance of data resources for
organization to explore the information needs of hospitals and
understand the importance of computerization of medical data.

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATUION SYSTEMS IN

BUSINESS
The need for Information systems – the Increasing Value of
Information Technology – the Networking of computing – Business
Process Re-engineering – IT as a tool for competitive advantage.

UNIT – II MANAGERIAL OVERVIEW – HARDWARE / SOFTWARE

Computer Peripherals – Input Technology Trends – Voice Recognition
and Response Optical Scanning – Output Technology and Trends –
Video Output – Storage Trends Application software for End Users –
word Processing and Desktop Publishing – systems Software –
Operating Systems – Programming Languages.

UNIT – III MANAGERIAL OVERVIEW – HARDWARE SYSTEMS

Foundation Data Concepts - The Database Management Approach –
Types of Databases types of Databases – Database structure – Data
Mining – Benefits and Limitations of Database management.

UNIT – IV THE INTERNET AND ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

Business Use of the Internet – Interactive marketing – E-Commerce
Application – Business to Consumer – Business – to Business
Commerce.

UNIT – V MEDICAL RECORDS AND HOSPITAL INFORMATION

SYSTEMS
Role of Medical Records in Health Care Delivery – General Medical
Records Standards and Policies – Legal Aspects of Medical Records
–Medical Audit Computerization of Medical Records – Information
Needs in the Hospital – sources of Health Information – User of
Health and Hospital Data. Management decision and Related
54 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
Information Requirement – Clinical Information Systems –
Administration Information systems = Support Service Technical
Information Systems – Medical Transcription.
Textbook
th
1. Management information systems, James A, O Brien, 9 edition,
Tata McGraw Hill;2010.
2. Medical records organization. GD Mogli, Jaypee Brothers;2006.

References
nd
1. Managing a Modern hospital, A.V. Srinivasan,2 edition
Response books;2008.
2. HELP: A dynamic hospital information system, Gilad J.Kuperman,
Reed M. Gardner & T. Allan Pryor, Springer Publication,1991.
3. Health management information system, A handbook for decision
makers – Smith, Jack – open university publication U.K;2000.
4. Strategies and Technologies for Healthcare Information: Theory
into Practice (Health Informatics) Kindle Edition by Marion Ball,
Judith V. Douglas, David E. Garets, L.D. Grandia, Springer
Publication, 2012.

MHA P5. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH MANAGEMENT

Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE :
To know and understand the International Health Scenario and Health
Care delivery process and also to develop perspective for healthcare
product and service to go global.

UNIT –I HEALTHCARE : A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE :

Healthcare Challenges : a Global perspective :- wide gap in
Healthcare delivery – Healthcare financing in developed and
developing countries – Developing National Health Accounts _
Application in selected countries.
UNIT – II HEALTH INSURANCE AND MANAGED CARE
Concept – Historical background – Comparative study in Health
Insurance in National and International perspective - Risk pooling
concept – concept of managed care – components – managed care
models – study of socialized medicine, social Insurance, Mandatory
Insurance and Voluntary Insurance.

55 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – III THE REFORMS OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Evolutionary reform (Italy, Portugal, Greece, Australia, etc) in
Healthcare Structural reforms in Healthcare (New Zealand, Sweden,
Switzerland and United States etc.) International convergence in
Health care system – Health sector reforms, lessons from different
countries.
UNIT – IV DISTINCTIVE SYSTEM OF HEALTH CARE DELIVERY
An overview of the scope and size of the system – Basic components
of a health services delivery system – A disenfranchised segment –
transition from traditional insurance to managed care – Trends and
directions – significance for health care practitioners and policy
makers – positioning the organization – handling threats and
opportunities – evaluation implications – planning capturing new
markets – complying with regulations – following the organizational
mission – health care systems of other countries – system foundation
– system resources - system processes – system outcomes – system
outlook.

UNIT – V INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPD) AND HEALTH

POLICY
TRIPS – IPR - The patent cooperation Treaty (PCT) – the PCT
System – PCT for produce design – World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO) structure and role in new pattern regime – the
Madrid System – International Registration of Industrial Design –
Registration by category of right holder – industrial Designs by
chases. Health Policy – Definition – different forms of Health policies –
Regulatory tools – Government as Subsidiary to the private sector –
Fragmented, Incremental, Piecemeal reform – Pluralistic and Interest
group politics – Decentralized role of the states - the Policy cycle –
Suppliers of policy – Legislative Committee and subcommittees –
House Committee – senate committee. Legislative process – Access
to care – Providers – access and the elderly – access and minorities
access in rural areas – access and low income – access and persons
with AIDS – Cost of Care Quality of Care – Research and Policy
development.

Textbook
1. Health Information Technologes in the Inernational Context:
Advances in Health Care Management, Vol -12, Nir Menachemi &
Sanjay Singh, Emerald Group Publication Ltd.2012
nd
2. Textbook of International Health, By Paul F. Basch.2 edition,
56 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 oxford university press. 1999.

Referrence
1. International Public Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems and
nd
Policies 2 edition. Michael Merson, Robert E. Black, Anne Mills;
2006.

MHA P6.MEDICAL TOURISM AND INTERNATIONAL

MARKETING
Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE
To know and understand the international health scenario and health
care delivery process and also to develop perspective for healthcare
product and services to go global
UNIT – I Healthcare : A global perspective
Health problems of developing nations – healthcare challenges, a
global perspective – wide gap in healthcare delivery – healthcare
financing in developed and developing countries – issues involved in
financing of healthcare in developing countries – developing national
health accounts – application in selected countries
UNIT – II Healthcare insurance and managed care
Concept – historical background – comparative study in health
insurance in national and international perspective – risk pooling
concept – concept of managed care – components- managed care
models – study of socialized medicine, social insurance, mandatory
insurance and voluntary insurance
UNIT – III The reforms of healthcare system
Evolutionary reforms in ltaly, Portugal, Greece, Australia, united states
and Switzerland - healthcare structural reforms in New Zealand,
Sweden, Portugal, Switzerland and United States – international
convergence in healthcare system – health sector reforms, lessons
from different countries
UNIT – IV Distinctive system of health care delivery
Healthcare system followed in USA, Australia, UK and Canada, basic
components of a health services delivery system – significance for
57 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
healthcare practitioners and policy makers – positioning the
organization – handling of threats and opportunities – capturing new
markets
UNIT – V
TRIPS – world intellectual property organization (WIPO) structure and
role in new patent regime – the Madrid system – international
registration of trademarks – developing countries applications – the
hague system – international registration of industrial designs –
registration by category of right holder – industrial designs by
classes.The future of healthcare systems and medical tourism- Health
system governance – marker mechanisms - formal regulation –
professional ethics - telemedicine – medical tourism – factors
affecting medical tourism – risks and venefits of medical tourism –
sponsored medical tourism
Textbook:
1. Medical Tourism, G.R. Chetak, Cyber Tech, 2010.

References
th
1. Delivering health care in America – A system approach – 5
edition – leiyushi and douglasA.Singh.2012.
2. Hospital and health services administration principles and
practice, syedamintabish, oxford university press, New Delhi.2001
3. E-healthcare concepts and cases – pramod M. Mantravad;ICFAI
University Press, 2005

MHA401. HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT AND E-

HEALTHCARE
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

Objective
1. To familiarize application of technology in healthcare
2. Application of the concepts and techniques of modern
management in different healthcare

UNIT – I Planning process for introduction of technology in

health care
Healthcare technology in developing countries – planning and
adopting appropriate technology in healthcare – mechanism to ensure
appropriate use of health care technologies – developing sources of
information on hospital technology – evaluation methods of health

58 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

technology

UNIT – II Concepts and issues related to healthcare technology

Introduction – problems and constraints associated with healthcare
technology – present trend in healthcare technology – hospitals and
technology – dealing with technological problems

UNIT – III Application of technology in different healthcare - I

Application in diagnostic service areas (radiology, lab services etc) –
clinical services areas (nephrology, urology, cardiology etc)

UNIT – IV Application of technology to healthcare technology – II

Application in therapeutic services areas – nuclear medicine – patient
support areas – operation theatre – emergency – ICU

UNIT- V Medical transcription and E- Health Care

Medical transcription – brief introduction about the concepts – medical
terminologies related to transcription – telemedicine – application in
healthcare. E- healthcare concepts – role of E – health among
physicians, nurses – E – prescriptions – risks inherent in use of E –
health technology

Textbook
nd
1. Managing a modern hospital, A.V Srinivasan, 2 edition
Response books;2008
th
2. Management information systems, James A, O Brien, 9 edition,
Tata McGraw Hill;2010.

Referrence
1. Health management information system, A hand book for decision
makers – Smith, Jack – open university publication, U.K.2000.
2. HELP: A dynamic hospital information system, Gilad J.Kuperman,
Reed M. Gardner & T. Allan Pryor, Springer Publication,1991.

MHA402. MANAGERIAL AND HOSPITAL ECONOMICS

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this course is to acquaint the students with concepts
and techniques used in Micro, macro - Economic Theory and to
59 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
enable them to apply this knowledge in business decision - making,
Emphasis is given to changes in the nature of business firms in the
contest at globalization.

60 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT - I INTRODUCTION
Nature and scope of managerial economics –Micro and
Macroeconomics – Ralationship between managerial economics with
other disciplines - management and economics – need to know
managerial economics to managers -Gap between theory and
practice management and economics - Managerial economist - their
roles and responsibilities.

UNIT – II THEORY OF DEMAND

Demand determinants –types of demand - Elasticity of demand - Pries
- income - sale relationship Demand forecasting - demand creation
and fulfillment Indifference curve - Production Theory - Production
function –process flow – methodology of activities - economics of
scale, laws of return - Nature of costs - Marginal costs and break -
even analysis.

UNIT – III FIRM AND MARKET STRUCTURE

Business theory of the firm - competition and Monopoly - Oligopolistic
and Monopolists competition - Price and output decisions under
different market conditions - Pricing and market segmentation -
Perfect competition.

UNIT – IV PROFIT
Profit - concept of profit - Nature and measurement of profit - Policies
if profit maximization - Profit policies for management control -
alternatives objectives of the firm. Business cycle – inflation - national
income and economic growth – structure of the economy –
determination and measurement of national income
UNIT V HEALTH ECONOMICS AND FISCAL AND MONETARY
POLICY
Health economics: Salient features – Roles – Factors related to
Health care – scarcity in Health care – Health care in Free market –
Health care System models - Health expenditure status National
plans, public, private and point sectors - Industrial finance - Fiscal and
monetary policies - Problems of economics development in the
inflationary situation - world Economics and Globalization - Origin(s) of
crisis - Terms of Trade - Globalization - rationable, process and
implications.

Textbook
th
1. Managerial economics – R.L Varshneyand K.L Maheshwari, 13
61 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
 edition (1995), Sultan Chand and sons, New Delhi
2. Health Care Economics, Paul J. Feldstein, 2012, 7 Edition,
DELMAR CENGAGE Learning, 2000.

REFERENCES
th
1. Economics - Paul A Samuelson, William D Nordhous, 19
Edition, McGraw Hill, 2004
2. Paul R McCrone: Understanding health economics: A Guide for
Health Care Decision Makers.
3. London: Kogan, 1998

MHA403.HOSPITAL PLANNING ARCHITECTURE AND PROJECT

MANAGEMENT
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE :
The objective of this course is to familiarize the students as to hospital
planning and Architecture and the preparation of Project
Management, for hospital and other organizations.

UNIT –I
Concept of Hospitals – Planning and Design of a Hospital (Building
and Physical Layout) – space Required for Separate Functions –
Different types of Hospitals – Problems and constrains in different
type of Hospitals – History of Hospital Development –
Departmentation and organization structure of different types of
hospitals.

UNIT – II
Concept of project management – concept of a project – categories of
projects – projects life cycle phases - project management concepts –
tools and techniques for project management. The project manager –
roles and responsibilities of project manager. Organization – structure
– vertical and Horizontal – Clinical and Non Clinical – supportive and
Ancillary Service Departments.

UNIT – III
Project formulation – stages – bottlenecks – feasibility report –
financing arrangements – Finalization of project – implementation
schedule.

62 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT - IV
Organizing human resources and contracting – project manager –
project manager’s authority – project organization – accountability in
project execution – contracts – 3”R”s of contract – tendering and
selection of contractors – team building
UNIT – V
Organizing systems and procedures – working of systems – design of
systems – projects work systems design – work break down structure
– project execution plan – project procedure manual project control
system – planning scheduling and monitoring – monitoring contracts
and projects diary – Project direction – communications in a project –
project coordination – project control – guidelines for effective
implementation - reporting in project management – performance
indicators - project evaluation and its objectives, types and methods –
project closing – ways of closing a project – process of closing a
project.

Textbook
nd
1. Project management – S. Choudhury, 2 edition Tata McGraw
Hill publishing Co.ltd, 1988.

REFERENCES
1. Project management – ICFAI center for management research,
Hyderabad,2006.
2. G.D.Kunders.” HOSPITALS-Facilities Planning and Management”,
th
12 edition Tata McGraw Hill education private limited, New
Delhi, 2010.
nd
3. Hospital administration and planning – Dr. AG. Chandorkar, 2
edition paras publishing, 2009.

MHA404.TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND

ACCREDITATIONS

Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE :
The objective of this course is to acquaint the students with the basic
concepts of total Quality (TQ) from design assurance to service
assurance to give emphasis on International Quality Certification
System ISO 9001:2000 to understand the process approach to quality
management in hospitals.
63 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15
UNIT – I EVOLUTION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Evolution of quality control, quality characteristics – variable and
attributes – Non conforming and non-confirming unit – Defect –
Standard or specification – Quality of design – Quality of conformance
– quality of performance – Total Quality Control.

UNIT – II TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Principles of TQM, Implementation Methodology benefits
Implementing TQM Concepts in Hospital Departments – Six Sigma
Quality and Quality improvement Teams – Benefits of quality control.

UNIT – III PROCESS APPROACH TO QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN

HOSPITALS
Process understand - Physical Characteristics – Statistical
Characterization – Preparation of process flow diagrams for distinct
processes in a hospital quality aspects of processes in Hospitals
Diagnostic services – Nursing services – House Keeping – Blood
Bank – Pharmacy – OPD – Surgery – ICU – CCU – emergency and
Trauma care – Canteen – Hospital Stores.

UNIT – IV PROCESS CAPABILITY ANALYSIS

Quality Control methods and measurement systems specification
limits and control limits – process capability analysis tools – control
charts – models – quality control tools – control charts up.

UNIT – V QUALITY ASSURANCE METHODS PATIENT

SATISFACTION AND QUALITY CERTIFICATION SYSTEMS
Quality Assurance in Hospitals Sop’s – patient orientation for total
Patient Satisfaction 55 techniques. International Standards ISO 9000
– 9004 – Features of ISO 9001 – ISO 14000 – environment
Management systems.

Textbook
nd
1. Management Principles for Health Professionals. 2 edition –
Joan, Rantor Liebley, Ruth Eller Louvine, Jeffrey Rothman, Aspex
publication, Gaithersburg. Marylnd. 1992
2. Hospital Planning and Administration, L.Deere’s & Macaulay,
Jaypee, 2000

64 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

References
1. A text book of Administration, Ward Management and Education,
st
Dr. Latha Venkatesan, 1 Edition, Vikas Publication.2014
2. Management in Health Care – A Theoretical and Experiential
approach – Elaine La Monica, Macmillan publishers,1993.
3. Essentials of Management – Harold Konntz, Heinz Weihrich -
th
Tata McGraw Hil – 9 Edition, 2012.

65 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

 MHA405. LEGAL ASPECTS IN HEALTHCARE
Hours: 60 Credit: 4

OBJECTIVE :
The course is designed to assist the students in understanding basic
affecting operations of a Hospital and health system.
UNIT – I CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS
Code – Duties of Physician to their patents – Duties of Physician to
the profession at large – duties of Physician to the profession in
consultation – Duties of Physician to the profession to the public –
Disciplinary action.

UNIT – II THE MEDICAL TERMINATION OF PREGNANCY ACT

1971
Indication or Grounds of MTP – Requirements for MTP –
Complications of MTP – doctor and Criminal abortion.

UNIT – III THE PRENATAL DIAGNOSTIC RECHNIQUES ACT 1994.

Regulation of genetic counseling center – Regulation of pre –natal
diagnostic technique – Determination of Sex prohibited – dying
Declaration – Definition – Precautions – Procedure of Recording –
Special Circumstances – Importance (section 32 and 157 ) of Indian
Evidence Act ) – Death Certificate – Precautions while issuing death
certificate – contents of Death Certificate - Importance of Death
certificate.

UNIT – IV MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE

Introduction and Legal Procedure – Medico legal aspects of death
injuries – General aspects – Medical ethics – consumer Protection
Act.

UNIT – V LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR HOSPITALS

Medico Legal Aspects – Importance – Sterility – Sterilization and
Artificial Insemination – Medico Legal aspects of Psychiatric and
mental health – toxicology - Laws Relating to toxicology – Organ
Transplantation At – Tamil Nadu clinics Act. Introduction to Legal
framework – Patient’s rights and provider’s responsibility – Medical
Malpractice of Medical Malpractice.

Textbook

66 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

1. The essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology, by – Dr. K.S.
Narayan Reddy, 33rd Edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
(P) Ltd 2014.
2. Text book of forensic medicine and toxicology, by – V.V.Pillay,
th
15 Edition, PARAS, Edited by Amirta School of Medicine
Faculty.2010
References
1. Gennaro, A. R. Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, XXII. Mack
Publishing Company, Easton, PA, 1990.

MHAP7. HEALTH PROGRAMMES, PLANNING AND EVALUATION

Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE
1. Understand the policies and theories for creating a better
provision for health care
2. Developing knowledge in the area of health programme with a
special emphasis on Indian health sector
3. Conceptualizing the importance and evaluation of health care
system

UNIT - I
Health programmes in India – introduction – national vector borne
disease control programme – national anti – malaria programme –
national filarial control program – kala-azar control programme –
japancese encephalitis control – dengue fever control

UNIT –II
National leprosy eradication programme – national action plan TB
programme – pediatric Tuberculosis – revised national tuberculosis
control programme – drug resistance surveillance (DRS)

UNIT – III
National AIDS control programme – national AIDS prevention and
control policy – national programme for control blindness – vision
2020: The right to sight – lodine deficiency disorder (IDO) programme
– Universal immunization progrmme – pulse polio immunization
programme – national rural health mission – representation and child
health programme

UNIT – IV

67 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

National guinea – worm eradication programme – national cancer
control programme – national mental health programme – national
diabetes control programme – national programme for control and
treatment of occupational disease – nutritional programme – national
surveillance programme for common disease – integrated disease
surveillance project – national family welfare programme – national
water supply and sanitation programme – minimum needs programme
– 20 point programme
UNIT – V
National health policy – various committees – health for all by 2000
AD – planning commission – health sector planning – five year plan –
health system in India Health planning and management – planning
cycle – management methods and techniques – national health policy
1983 and 2002 – evaluation of health care system

Textbook
1. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 22nd
Edition,Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers.2013
2. Health Policies and programmes in India, Taneja Dickens
publication 2005

References
1. Hospital and Health Services Administration Principles and
Practice, Syed Amin Tabish, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,
2001.

MHAP8.DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Hours: 60 Credit: 4
OBJECTIVE:
To familiarize the hospital administrators in the area of disaster
management of the hospital with special emphasis of risk
management

UNIT – I

UNIT – II Natural disaster

Management of natural disaster – earthquake – drought – drought
management – cyclone – tsunami – flood – flood control – volcano –
hurricane – fire – forest fire – landslides – dam failure

68 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15

UNIT – III Manmade disaster
Management of manmade disaster – household chemical emergency
– terrorism – xyber terrorism – nuclear power plant emergency –
hazardous materials – accidents – road, train, fire – management of
food poisoning and alcohol

UNIT – IV Disaster management – Epidemics

Cholera – plague – typhoid – jaundice – chicken guinea – swine flu-
malaria – dengue – bio-war – management of epidemics – prevention
– methods – precautions – psychological and social dimensions in
disasters, trauma and stress, emotional intelligence
UNIT – V Disaster preparedness and Disaster management in
India
Disaster process – principles of disaster planning – principles of mass
- casualty management – objectives of hospital disaster plan – need
for hospital disaster plan – disaster committee – roles and
responsibilities – disaster response – alert and recall – deployment –
disaster administration – disaster manual – preparing for a disaster –
bomb threat/response disaster Drill. Spectrum of disaster
management – special characteristics – disaster management in India
– national and state level – role of hospital, community, voluntary
agencies and government – disaster mitigation, forecasting and
warning of disasters, assessing risk and vulnerability – role of news
media in disaster management

Textbook
1. Safety and risk management, shailendra K. Singh, Mittal
publishers;1998
st
2. First aid manual, accident and emergency, 1 edition .vora
medical publication;2000

Referrence
1. Safety, security and risk management, J.H. Diwan, APH, 2005
th
2. Test book of critical care, Stephen ayresandgarmvik – 4 edition
holbook and sheoemaker.2000
st
3. text book of First Aid, Dr. A.Helen Mary Perdita, 1 Edition, Vikas
Publication, 2014.

69 Medicine and Health Sciences 2014-15