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Perspective Notes

This document provides an overview of key concepts in perspective drawing: 1) Perspective drawing represents 3D objects on a 2D surface by making objects appear smaller and closer to the horizon line to show distance and recession in space. 2) The horizon line represents where the sky and land meet at eye level, and acts as the point where parallel lines seem to converge at vanishing points. 3) One-point and two-point perspective involve objects' parallel lines converging at single or double vanishing points to create realistic depth effects. 4) Perspective techniques include making distant objects smaller, with less detail, and closer together to demonstrate proper scale and spacing relationships.

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Sidharth
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382 views

Perspective Notes

This document provides an overview of key concepts in perspective drawing: 1) Perspective drawing represents 3D objects on a 2D surface by making objects appear smaller and closer to the horizon line to show distance and recession in space. 2) The horizon line represents where the sky and land meet at eye level, and acts as the point where parallel lines seem to converge at vanishing points. 3) One-point and two-point perspective involve objects' parallel lines converging at single or double vanishing points to create realistic depth effects. 4) Perspective techniques include making distant objects smaller, with less detail, and closer together to demonstrate proper scale and spacing relationships.

Uploaded by

Sidharth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Perspective Notes

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8 Grade Art

Perspective – Perspective is the representation of three-dimensional objects on a flat two-


dimensional surface. In perspective drawing, objects are made to recede in space by being
drawn smaller and closer to the horizon (line). Perspective shows distance on a flat surface.

Horizon Line – The horizon line is the line level where the water or land seems to end and the
sky begins. In a work of art it can be an actual or imaginary line representing the place where the
sky and land appear to meet. The horizon line is always at your eye level. As your eye moves up
or down, the horizon line moves with it.

Vanishing Point - The vanishing point is the point on the horizon line at which any two or more
parallel lines seem to meet. (Parallel lines never meet, but in art we need to make them look like
they meet so we can show perspective and make our drawings look more realistic).

Horizontal Line - Horizontal lines are lines that run from left to right and right to left. They are
always parallel to the horizon line. In perspective drawing they are always horizontal, they will
never meet on the horizon line.

Perpendicular Lines – Perpendicular lines are lines that run through or intersect the horizon line
at a right angle. They will never slant and they will never meet each other.

Parallel Lines – Parallel lines are lines that are the same distance apart at every point. They
extend in the same direction and never converge or meet. Remember that in perspective
drawing parallel lines just look like they meet but they really don’t.

Basic Principle of Perspective Drawing – The basic principle of perspective drawing is that
objects closer up will tend to overlap objects behind them and that objects far away are drawn
higher on the page and smaller than those close up.

Spacing in Perspective – In perspective drawing, as objects get farther away and closer to the
horizon, they get smaller and closer together.

Detail in Perspective – In perspective drawing, as objects get farther away, they have less color
and less detail.

One-Point Perspective – One-Point perspective is drawing in which all the parallel lines seem to
meet or converge at one vanishing point.

Two-Point Perspective - Two-Point perspective is drawing in which all the parallel lines seem to
meet or converge at two vanishing points. All the lines that are drawn, except for the
perpendicular lines will go to one of the vanishing points. If the lines are drawn to the left of a
perpendicular line then they will go to the left vanishing point and if they are drawn on the right
side of a perpendicular line they will go to the right vanishing point. (This is for each separate
building that you draw).
Here is how to draw buildings in two-point perspective. It looks as if you are looking at a street
corner. All the lines (except the perpendicular lines) will angle to one of the two vanishing points.
All the tops and bottoms of windows, doors, signs, etc, must angle to a vanishing point as well.
1. Put two vanishing points at opposite ends of the
horizon line.
2. Draw in the front vertical of the
box. Drawing the line below the
horizon line will create a view
which we are looking down on. To look
at the object from below, draw the front
vertical above the horizon line.
3. Draw lines from the top of the vertical which
disappear back to both of the vanishing points.
Repeat the process for the bottom of the line.
4. To complete both of the sides by drawing in the back
verticals.
5. To draw the top of the box, draw lines from the back
verticals to the opposite vanishing points.

Add the door including the small glass window. Take care to project
guidelines to the right hand V.P.

Add the flat roof projecting lines to both the right and left vanishing points.
Add the basic layout of the path by projecting two lines from the left V.P.
through the front door.
By using the techniques of perspective drawing
you can draw anything. Just be sure and use the vanishing points. Look and see if you
find a couple of things that can be fixed on this drawing. They are easy to miss.

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