POLYNOMIALS: INTRODUCTION

MONOMIALS:

EXAMPLES: NON-EXAMPLES:
4 A number 2x Variable as an
exponent
y A variable x2  3 A sum
a2 The product of variables 5a 2 Negative exponent
1 2 The product of numbers 3 A quotient
x y
2 x
and variables

Examples: Determine if each expression is a monomial.

1.  4 xy 2. a 2  8 3.
x 4. 7 z 1 5. b7
5

POLYNOMIAL: A polynomial is a ________________ or the

_______________________________________ of different monomials.

Determine which expressions are polynomials:

c a
6. 2q 7. d
d
8. p + q 9. ab  4 10. x2 + 4x – 8 11. 7y3 – 5y -2 + 4y

SPECIFIC TYPES OF POLYNOMIALS

BINOMIAL: TRINOMIAL:

Examples: Examples:

Examples #12 - 19: Determine if each expression is a monomial, binomial,

trinomial, or not a polynomial.
5
12. 2m  7 13. x 2  3 x  4  5 14. 2 x  3 15. 3 y  6  7 y 2

16. 3x + 8x – 5x2 17. 8x3y2z 18. 2a2 + 3ab – 5ba 19. 9r + 11 – 5r2
DEGREE: Based on the exponents of the variables.
 The degree of a MONOMIAL:

 The degree of a POLYNOMIAL:

Examples: Find the degree of each polynomial.

2
20. 5mn 22. 5a2 + 3 24. 3x2 – 7x

21. 9x3yz6 23. - 4x2y2 + 3x2 + 12 25. 8m3 – 2m2n2 – 11

REORDERING TERMS OF A POLYNOMIAL BASED ON DEGREE:

MOVE TERMS AND KEEP THE SIGN WITH THE TERM
Example: Arrange the polynomials in descending order according to the powers of the x.
a) 6x2 + 5 – 8x – 2x3 d) 3a3x2 – a4 + 4ax5 + 9a2x

b) 7x2 –11x4 + 8 – 2x5

e) 15x5 – 2x2 y2 – 7yx4 + x3y

c) 25x6 –3x2 + 7x5 + 15x8

 CC Math I Standards: Unit 6
POLYNOMIALS: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
WARM UP ACTIVITY: Simplify the following
1) 3x – 2y + 4y – 6x 4) 5a + 3b – 2c – 8a
3) 4z + 2t + 3z – t
5) 8a + 6b + 6a + 2b

2) 3x – 12y – 2x2 + 6y

ADDING AND SUBTRACTING POLYNOMIALS:

 When adding and subtracting polynomials, you COMBINE LIKE TERMS.
 Be careful of parentheses and positive or negative signs with the operations.

Exp 1: (3x2 – 4x + 8) + (2x – 7x2 – 5)

Exp 4: (6y2 + 8y4 – 5y) – (9y4 – 7y + 2y2)

Exp 2: (3n2 + 13n3 + 5n) – (7n + 4n3)

Exp 5: (7y2 + 2y – 3) + (2 – 4y + 5y2)

Example 3: (2b2 + 8ab3 + 4b) – (9b – 5ab3)

Exp 6: (3x2 + 5x + 2) – (4 – 2x) + (5x2 + 7)

PRACTICE PROBLEMS: Simplify each expression

1. x  2 x  3  2 x  7 x  9
2 2
2. ( 3 x  5)  ( 2 x  3)

3. ( 2 x  3)  ( 4 x  3) 4. ( 2 x 2  2 x  4)  ( x 2  3 x  7 )
5. ( 3a 2  a  4)  ( a 2  2a  1) 6. ( t 2  1)  ( 2t  3)

7. ( 2 x 2  3)  ( x 2  2 x  1) 8. ( 2 x 2  5 xy  3 y 2 )  (8 x 2  7 y 2 )

9. ( z 2  2 z  5)  ( 3 z 2  z  4) 10. ( 4 m  3n )  ( 2 n  5 m )

11. (6 x  5)  ( 3 x  1) 12. ( 2a 2  3a )  ( 5b  b 2 )  ( 2a  8b )

13. ( 3 z 2  5)  ( 4 z  2 z 2 )  ( z  3) 14. ( 3 x  2)  (5 x  4)  (19  2 x )

15. (10 x 2  8 x )  (6  3 x 2 )  ( 2 x  9) 16. (6m 2  7)  ( 2m 2 )  ( 2m  3)

Find the PERIMETER of the shape.

Equation: Perimeter = Sum of all the sides
3 – 2x 9x – 3y + 2
4x - 8 3a - b 3a - b 2y – 3x - 3
 11 + y 12 + 5x + 7y
3a - b

3b – 4a + 5 7 + 3x
4z + 3

6 + 2a 4z + 3
6 + 2a 5x2 – 2

3b – 4a + 5

3x2 + 5x + 7 3ab + 4a2

3x2 – 4x 3x2 – 4x
6x - 3
6x - 3
2a2 3b2
2
3x + 5x + 7 7 – 2x 7 – 2x
2
6b – 5ab
5x2 + 7x + 3
CC Math I Standards: Adding and Subtracting Polynomials WORKSHEET
Unit 6 NAME: ____________________________________

Find the sum or difference:

1) (x3 - 7x + 4x2 – 2) – (2x2 – 9x + 4) 2) (3a + 2b – 7c) + (6b – 4a + 9c)

3) (5y2 – 2xy + 6x2 – 3x + 7y – 9) + (3x2 – 4x + 5) – (5y2 – 3y + 6)

Word Problems:
1) Bob mowed (2x2 + 5x – 3) yards on Monday, (4x – 7) yards on Tuesday, and (3x2 + 10)
yards on Wednesday.
a. How many yards did he mow in the three days?

b. If Bob mowed 14x2 + 12x – 3 yards total for the entire week, how many yards did
he mow during the rest of the week?

2) Molly has (4x + 10) dollars and Ron has (-5x + 20) dollars.
a. How much money do they have altogether?

b. How much more money does Molly have than Ron?

3) Ross has (8x – 5) tickets for Chuck E Cheese. He is going to play today and wants to buy
a prize that is (15x + 1) tickets. How many tickets must he win to have enough tickets to
buy the prize?
Find the missing side of a shape. 9ab + 8a2
5x2 – 3x + 2
???
2
2x – 5 4a2 – 4ab ???
???
3x2 + 9x 7b2 – 2ab
Perimeter Perimeter Perimeter
5x2 + 7x + 12 9b2 – 2ab + 12a2 14x2 + 4x – 8

4) The measure of the perimeter of a triangle is 37s + 42. It is known that two of the sides
of the triangle have measures of 14s + 16 and 10s + 20. Find the length of the third side.

5) A triangle has a perimeter of 10a + 3b + 12 and has sides of length 3a + 8 and 5a + b,

what is the length of the third side?

6) For a rectangle with length of 3x + 4 and perimeter of 10x + 18, what is the width of the
rectangle?

7) A rectangle has a perimeter of 12y2 – 2y + 18 and has a width of 4y2 – y + 6. What is the
length of the rectangle?
 CC Math I Standards: Unit 6
POLYNOMIALS: Multiplication of Monomial and Polynomial
DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY REVIEW

1) -4 (2 – 6x ) 2) 3 (5p + q – 3r) 3) -2 (-x - 7y)

 SIMPLIFYING PRACTICE PROBLEMS:

1) (4x + 7x)3 2) 12z (– 5z + 9z2 ) 3) -7 (– 6m + 11m)

4) 4(11 – 3x) 5) – 5(5a – 3b – 6) 6) -2(x2 - 8x + 3x3 – 6)

7) 9x – 4(6 – 3x) 8) 5(3b – 2a) – 7b 9) 12 + 3(7x + 2)

10) 6(4y + 3z) – 11z 11) 5 + 2(4m – 7n) + 9n 12) 12 –7(3 – 5r) + 8r
13) 19x + 1(2 + 4x) – 18 14) 2(2x + 6) + 3(5x – 7)

15) 6(4a – 2b) – 2(9b – 7a) 16) 5(3x + 2y) – 4(7y + 8z)
 LAWS of EXPONENTS REVIEW:
Multiply Coefficients and Add Exponents of Same Variable

1) (3x2)(7x3) 2) 8m5 • m 3) t3 • 6t7

4) (4y4)(-9y2) 5) 3r5 • 2r2 • 7r6 6) (-2p3r)(11r4p6)

7) (6y3x)(5y3) 8) 7c5a3b • 8a2b4c 9) (-3t3u2)(-4u3t)

Using Law of Exponents and Distributive Property:

1) 4x(2x + 6) 2) 9y2(5y – 3) 3) -6a(3a2 – 7a – 11)

4) 3z3(12z + 4z3 – 1) 5) 2pq(3p2 + 6pq + 7q2) 6) -5xy3( -3x3 + 7y – 2xy)

 CC Math I Standards: Unit 6
MULTIPLYING A POLYNOMIAL BY A MONOMIAL:
USE THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY with VARIABLE TERMS
Keep track of Coefficients and Exponents of Variables

Exp 1: y(y + 5) Exp 2: -2n(7 – 5n2)

Exp 3: -7m (3m2 + 4m + 5) Exp 4: 2ab (3a2 – 2ab + 6b2)

Exp 5: 3a3 (2a2 – 5a + 8) Exp 6: -3x3y (5yx + 6y2)

BOX METHOD: 6y2 (4y2 – 9y – 7) =

Practice. Simplify each example

1. 7( 2 x  5) 2. 4 x( 3 x 2
 7) 3.  5a ( 6  3a 2 )

4. 2m 2 ( 5m 2  7 m  8) 5. 3r ( 2r 2  6r  5) 6. 6 x 3 y(  x  7 y  3 xy )
7. 2 y 2 (7 y  3 x )  5 y 3 8. 11 y( y  3)  13 y 9. 3(x3+ 4x2) + 2x(x – 7)

10. 4 (3d2 + 5d) – d (d2 – 7d + 12) 11. 3 (2t2 – 4t – 15) + 6t (5t + 2)

POLYNOMIALS: FOIL BOX METHOD Part 1

BINOMIAL #2 FOIL Box Method: The box method does the exact same
F O multiplications as our standard FOIL method, but gives it in a
BINOMIAL #1

first outer graphic organizer.

terms terms
 Be careful of positive and negatives.
I L
inner last  Combine like terms of boxes to finish.
terms terms

Exp 1: (x + 2) (x + 1) Exp 2: (y + 3) (y - 4) Exp 3: (a – 5 ) (a – 7 )

Exp 4: (3x + 2) (x + 4) Exp 5: (5b + 9) (b - 4) Exp 6: (2n -7) (3n + 3)
Exp 7: (2x - 5) (2x - 5) Exp 8: (8r2 – 2r) (5r + 4) Exp 9: (2x + 5y) (7y – 3x)
 Practice Problems: Multiply the following binomials.

1. ( x  3)( x  2) 2. ( 2 x  1)( x  1) 3. ( y  4)( y  2)

4. ( x  7)( x  3) 5. ( y  4)( 2 y  3) 6. ( 4h  3)( 3h  2)

7. ( m  3)( m  1) 8. ( 2a  3)(a  2) 9. ( 3 x  1)( x  2)

10. ( 2 x  3)( 2 x  2) 11. ( 3a  b )( 2a  4b ) 12. ( 2 x  y )( 3 x  2 y )

13. ( x 2  4)( x  3) 14. ( x 2  6 x )( x  1) 15. (a 2  2)(a 5  1)

POLYNOMIALS: FOIL BOX METHOD Part 2
WARM UP: Simplify each expression by FOIL
1) ( 3b  5)( b  4) 2) ( y  7)( y  6) 3) ( 2n  9)( n  8)

BINOMIAL TIMES TRINOMIAL: One More Column for 3rd term in trinomial
Example 1: (a + 3) (a2 + 7a + 6) Example 2: (4x + 9) (2x2 – 5x + 3)

Example 3: (y - 5) (4y2 – 3y + 2) Example 4: (2b + 1) (b2 – 5b + 4)

Example 5: (x - 6) (x2 – 7x - 8 ) Example 6: (3b2 – 4b) (2b2 – b + 7)

REVIEW:Polynomial Operations ______________________________

I will be able to add, subtract, multiply, and divide polynomials. Name Per

Part 1: Classify each as M (monomial), B (binomial), T (trinomial), P (polynomial), or C (constant).

1).______ 2 x  1 2).______ 17 x 2  11 3).______ 8 x 3  2 x 2  3 x  7

4).______  130 5).______ 4a 2  7 a  10 6).______ 10 x 3  2 x  1

Part 2: Standard Form of Polynomials

7.) Circle the problems that are in standard form. If it is not in standard form, re-write in standard form.

a. x 3  11x 2 b. 2 3 x  4 x 2  3 x 3 c.  3 x  17 x 4  2 x 2 d.  1  3 x  2 x 2

________________ _______________ ________________ __________________

8. Given: 2 x 3  5 x 2  2 x 12

How many terms are there? ____ What is the coefficient of the 3rd term? ____ What is the constant? _____
Part 3: Add these polynomials. Only combine things that are alike (have the same exponent).

12.) ( 19 x 2  12 x  12)  (7 x 2  10 x  13) 13.) ( 4 x 2  6 x  7)  ( 19 x 2  15 x  18)

14.) ( 20 x 2  15 x  13)  ( 19 x 2  17 x  5) 15.) (9 x 6  4 x 5 )  (10 x 5  15 x 4  14)

16.) ( 9 x 2  12)  (7 x 2  10 x  13) 17.) (5 x 6  9 x 3  6 x )  (9 x 6  20 x 2  6 x)

Part 4: Subtract these polynomials.

18.) (6x + 14) 19.) (14x2 + 13x + 12) 20.) (19x2 + 9x + 16)

- (9x + 5) - (7x2 + 20x + 4) - (5x2 + 12x + 7)

21.) (17x2 + 7x - 14) - (-6x2 - 5x - 18) 22.) (-18x2 + 4x - 16) - (15x2 + 4x - 13)

Part 5: Multiplying Monomials

23.) 2 x (4 x 2 ) 24.) 17 x 2 (2 x 5 ) 25.)  3x 3 (4 x 2 ) 26.)  12 x 2 (2 x )

Part 6: Use the distributive property to find the product (multiply).

27.) 4( x  2) 28.)  3( 2 x 2  1) 29.) 6( x 2  2 x  7) 30.) 4 x(1  x )

30.)  x 2 ( x  5) 31.) 3x²(4x³ – 5x + 10) 

32.) 3 x  x 2  2 x  12 

Part 7: Use division and the distributive property to simplify. Divide EVERY term.

 15 x  10 6 x 2  10  18 x 2  21x
33.) 34.) 35.)
5 2 3

14 x 3  28 x 2  70 20 x 4  15 x 2 x 4  3x3  7 x
36.) 37.) 38.)
7 5x2 x
Use the FOIL Method to simplify the following:

(x – 3)(x + 4) (2x + 4)(2x + 3) (x – 7)(x – 6)

(3x – 1)(x + 5) (4x + 3)(2x + 4) (x – 4)(x – 2)