PRE-MID ASSIGNMENT

Statistics by Prof. Iqbal Shoukat

Student Name: ALI RAZA

Roll Number: B-19668

Section B

Semester 9th

OCTOBER 20, 2019

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ASIA LAHORE
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
 QUESTION 1
PART 1

The table below shows the distribution of salaries of employees in Dun ford and Sons.
SALARY RANGE & NO. OF EMPLOYEES

Salary 5,000- 10,000- 15,000- 20,000- 25,000- 30,000- 35,000+

range 9,999 14,999 19,999 24,999 29,999 34,999
No. of
Employees 56 134 292 149 127 38 25

Salary No. of Employees CF 1 CF 2

5,000-9,999 56 56 821

10,000-14,999 134 190 765

15,000-19,999 292 482 631

20,000-24,999 149 631 339

25,000-29,999 127 758 190

30,000-34,999 38 796 63

35,000+ 25 821 25

(a) Cumulative Frequency

b) Calculate the number of managers, given that senior managers’ salaries are £30,000 and above, and
middle managers’ salaries are greater than £20,000.

Sol:

Senior manager = 30000+

No of middle managers = 20000

No of senior managers = 38+25 = 63

No of middle managers = 149+1 = 276

c) Calculate the ratio of senior managers to middle managers.

Sol:

Ratio of Senior Managers: Ratio of Middle Managers = 276: 63

d) Calculate the percentage of the workforce which are not senior or middle managers (i.e. other
employees).

Sol:

Total= 821

Senior + Middle = 276 + 6 = 339

Other Employees = 821 – 339 = 482

Percentage = 482 / 821 *100 = 58.70%

e) What is the probability of approaching any employee and finding that they are a manager?

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
Y = Frequency
0.5
X = CF 0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
00 500 1000 1500 2000
f) (I) - What is the Median & Model value of the salary range also comments on shape of Distribution?
Sol: Median & Model value of the salary range. In statistics, the concept of the shape of a probability distribution
arises in questions of finding an appropriate distribution to use to model the statistical properties of a population,
given a sample from that population.

(II) - By using the following data, find out the two lines of regression and from them compute the Karl
Pearson’s coefficient of correlation.
ΣX = 250, ΣY = 300, ΣXY = 7900, ΣX 2 = 6500, ΣY 2 = 10000, n = 10

r = 10 (7900) - (250) (300) / √ (65000-62000) (10000000-90000)

r = 4000 / √ (2500) (9910000)
r = 4000 / √ 157400

r = 0.02541

(III) - The following table gives the ages and blood pressure of 9 women.
Age (X) 56 42 36 47 49 42 60 72 63
Blood Pressure (Y) 147 125 118 128 145 140 155 160 149

AGE (X) BLOOD (Y) ΣXY X2 Y2

56 147 8232 3136 21609

42 125 5250 1764 15625

36 118 4248 1296 13924

47 128 6016 2209 16384

49 145 7105 2401 21025

42 140 5880 1764 19600

60 155 9300 3600 24021

72 160 11520 5184 25600

63 149 9387 3969 22201

467 1267 61638 25323 179993

(III – a) Find the correlation coefficient between X and Y

Sol:
= n*9 (61638) - (467) (1267) / √ (9818) (14648)
= -36947 / √ (9818) (14648)
= -36947 / 11992
= -3081

(III – b) Determine the least square regression equation of Y on X

Sol:
y on x
y=a+bx
b = nΣxy - Σx.Σy / nΣx2 - (Σx) 2
= 9 (61638) - (467) (1267) / 9(25323) - (467)2
= -36947 / 9818
= -3.763

(III- c) Estimate the blood pressure of a woman whose age is 45 years

Sol:
= 36, 42, 42, 47, 49, 56, 60, 63, 72
= (125 + 140 + 128) / 3
= 131

__________________________________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 8
a) Find out the regression coefficients of Y on X and of X on Y on the basis of following data:
Σ X = 50, Mean of X = 5, ΣY = 60, Mean of Y = 6, Σ XY = 350 Variance of X = 4, Var of Y = 9
𝑛∑𝑥𝑦−∑𝑥∑𝑦
Sol: b = 𝑛(∑𝑥2)−(∑𝑥)2

Putting the values in above equation that given it the question.

10(1150)−(60)(40)
b= 10(4160)−(1720)

11500−2400
b = 41600−1720
9100
b = 3988 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟐𝟖 𝑨𝒏𝒔
b) Find the regression equation of X on Y and Y on X and the coefficient of correlation from the following
data: ΣX = 60, ΣY = 40, ΣXY = 1150, ΣX 2 = 4160, ΣY 2 = 1720 and n = 10.
Ans: y=a+bx (i)
𝑛∑𝑥𝑦−∑𝑥∑𝑦
b = 𝑛(∑𝑥2)−(∑𝑥)2

Putting the values in above equation that given it the question.

10(1150)−(60)(40)
b= 10(4160)−(60)2

9100
b = 38000 = 0.23

a = y`- bx`
∑𝑥 ∑𝑥
a= −𝑏
𝑛 𝑛

Putting the values in above equation

40 60
a = 10 − (0.23) − 10

= 4 - (0.23)6
= 4 - 1.38
= 2.26
Put a and b in eq (i)
Y = a - bx
Y = 2.26 - 0.2

c) By using the following data, find out the two lines of regression and from them compute the Karl
Pearson’s coefficient of correlation.
ΣX = 250, ΣY = 300, ΣXY = 7900, ΣX 2 = 6500, ΣY 2 = 10000, n = 10
𝑛∑𝑥𝑦−ΣxΣy
Answer:
⎷(𝑛Σx2−(Σx)2(𝑛Σy2−(Σy)2)

𝑛∑𝑥𝑦 − ΣxΣy
𝑥=
√(𝑛Σx2 − (Σx)2(𝑛Σy2 − (Σy)2)

d) Differentiate between statistics and statistic. Explain the importance of statistics in business and
computer sciences.
Limitation of Statistics & importance in business:
Statistics play an important role in business quick and accurate in decision making. He knows that what his
customers wants, he should therefore, know what to produce and sell and in what quality.
Statistics help businessman to plan production according to the taste of the customers, the quality of the product
can be also checked more efficiently by using statistical method.
So, all the activities of a businessman based on statistical information. He can make correct decision about the
location of the business, marketing of the products financial resources etc.

e) What is the major difference between nominal and ordinal data? Explain the types of data in detail.
Nominal:
It can be represented in numerical form.
Ordinal:
It cannot be represent in nominal form.
f) I - What are the major limitations of Statistics? Explain with suitable examples.
It is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection analysis interpretation or explanation, and presentation of
data, with the design of an experiment and survey sampling.
 Qualitative aspect are excluded.
 It does not deal with individual items.
 It doesn’t depot story of a phenomena.
 It is liable to miss used.

II - Define Statistics. Explain its types, and importance to trade, commerce and business.
 Start with short term goals than move to long term goals.
 Explain the action you take.
 Focus on employer.
 Avoid discussing salaries
 Avoid dealing too deeply in to specify.

III - What is your current job or future career objective?

I am not doing a marketing job. I am just a student. My future planning is that I want become a business analyst.

IV - How can an understanding of statistics be helpful in your career?

The field of statistics is the science of learning from data use the proper method to connect data analysis and
effectively present in the result.

V - Compare and contrast descriptive and inferential statistics. How are they related?

The alternative is to gather a random sample and then used the methodologies of in front statistics to analyze the
sample data the difference between the sample statistics and the population is sample error.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
 QUESTION 6

a) The total sales of Dell Laptops from January 2015 to July 2018 is 462880 then determine the per
month sales of dell laptops during the given time period

1 year = 12 months
3 years =36 months + months
Total sale = 462880 from Jan 2015 to July 2018
Per month sale = 462880/43
Per month sales = 10764.65

b) In a skewed distribution the value of Mean = 49 and value of Mode = 68 Then what would be the
value of Median?

Mean = 49
Mode = 68
Median =?
We know that
Mode = 3 median - 2 mean
68 = 3 median – 2(49)
68 = 3 median – 98
68 + 98 =3 median
166/3 = median
Median = 55.3

c) Mode and median of a frequency distribution are 68 and 56 respectively. Find the Mean.

Mode = 68
Median = 56
Mean =?
Mode = 3 median – 2 mean
68 = 3(56) – 2 mean
-100 = -2 mean
100/2 = mean
Mean = 5.0
d) In a symmetrical distribution the value of Mean = 82 and value of Median = 98 Then what would
be the value of Mode?

Mean = 82
Median = 98
Mode =?
Mode = 3 median – 2 mean
Mode = 3(98) - 2(82)
Mode = 294 – 164
Mode = 130

e) The total sales of Dell Laptops from Jan 2013 to July 2014 is 3528450 determine the per month sales
of laptops during the given time period.

Total sales = 354850 from Jan 2013 to July 2014

Jan 2013 to July 2014 = 19 months
Per month = 3528450 / 19
Per month = 185707.9

f) A man traveling 1000km has 5 stages at equal intervals. The speed of the man in the various stages
was observed to be 120, 180, 150, 220and 180 km/hr. Find average speed.

Average = 12+18+15+22+18 / 5
Average = 17

g) A bus is running at the rate of 10km/hr. during the first 60km at 20Km/hr. during second 60km,
30km/hr during the third 60km, 40km/hr. during the 4th 60km and 50km/hr during the last 5th
60km. what would be the average speed?

Average speed = 10+20+30+40+50/5 = 150/5

Average speed = 30

h) The average IQ of 10 students in probability and statistics course is 114. If the 9 of the students have
IQs of 101, 125, 118, 128, 106, 115, 99, 118 & 109, what must the IQ of 10th student.

Average 07 10th student is 114

X’ = ∑X/N

114 = ∑X/10114 = ∑X

∑X = 140 =1019

∑X = 121