Report No.

TC638519141140921F-1 Date: 21/09/2019

Geotechnical Investigation
Report
(Geotechnical survey of Land)

Submitted To:-

M/s Shiva Build Tech Pvt Ltd.

Rajasthan Jaipur

Client - National Highway Authority of India

Submitted By:-

ME TESTING LABORATORY
JAIPUR,
RAJASTHAN.

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Authorized Signatory
 *Contents*
1.0 Introduction

2.0 Project

3.0 Location of Site

4.0 Scope of Work

5.0 Field Investigation

6.0 Laboratory Tests

7.0 Results and Analysis

8.0 Allowable Bearing Capacity

9.0 Conclusions

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Authorized Signatory
1.0 Introduction
The main function of a foundation is to distribute or transmit all loads coming
over it to the soil or ground upon which it rests. The knowledge of the
characteristics of underlying soil is therefore very essential for safe &
economical design of foundations. The performance of supporting stratum
depends upon the physical properties of soil type & shape of footing &
structure, water table depth etc.

Soil has different meanings depending upon the area of interest of the
professional to an agriculturist, soil means top earth’s surface which supports
plant life. To a geologist it is thin top crust of earth formed by disintegration of
rocks. To an engineer it is uncommented loose cohesive or cohesion less
material. Soil may have particles ranging from fraction of micron to large
boulder.

Soil is a complex material which contains inorganic non cohesive material in

various percentages. It may also contain chemicals. Study of soil and its
behavior is important for design of foundations, pavements, underground and
earth retaining structures, embankments and earth dams.

Geology is a science which deals with behavior and application of soil as

engineering material. Terzaghi defined soil mechanics as the application of laws
of mechanics and hydraulics to engineering problems dealing with sediments
and other unconsolidated accumulations of solid particles produced by
mechanical and chemical disintegration of rocks regardless of that these contain
an admixture of organic constituent.

Soil is produced by disintegration of solid rocks. The production of soil is cyclic

and soil cycle consists of weathering, denudation, transportation and deposition.
All the planes and values are formed by this procedure. Inorganic soils get
organic material from decaying vegetation.

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Authorized Signatory
 Soil in its natural state is a three phase system, it contains solids, water and air,
in dry mass of soil, the voids contain air and hygroscopic moisture surrounding
and adhering to surface of soil particles. When all the voids are filled with water
it is saturated mass of soil. To assess the suitability of a soil with respect to a
desired purpose all or a few of following properties are required to be known.
➢ Specific gravity
➢ Bulk density
➢ Porosity.
➢ Void ratio.
➢ Water content.
➢ Water absorption.
➢ Particle size distribution.
➢ Liquid limit.
➢ Plastic limit and plasticity index.
➢ Coefficient of friction.
➢ Compressive strength.
➢ Permeability.
➢ Salt content.
➢ Shrinkage limit.
➢ Swell index.
➢ Direct shear test.
➢ Total Soluble Solids.

In addition to this chemical characteristics of soil may also interest an agriculturist.

The knowledge of properties of soil is important for –
➢ Foundation design.
➢ Pavement design.
➢ Design of underground and earth retaining structures.
➢ Design of embankments.
➢ Design of earth dams.

The performance of soil in the designs cited above depends upon the characteristics
of soil. It necessitates testing of soil to determine its physical properties .

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Authorized Signatory
2.0 Project
----------------------------.
3.0 Location of Site
BH-1 -924+850
BH-2 -974+770
4.0 Scope of Work
Field investigation at the site are planned to determine the required
characteristics of underlying soil to design the foundations of the proposed
structure, the data obtained from these investigations have been analyzed to
arrive at the required parameters, mainly the safe bearing capacity of the soil at
various depth with respect to the existing ground level. In order to achieve the
stated objectives, the stipulated scope of work included following operations
➢ Transportation of the personnel, plant and equipment to the site of work
and withdrawing the same on completion of work.
➢ Drilling six boreholes of 100 mm diameter from the ground level to 6
meter depth or up to refusal strata.
➢ Conducting Standard Penetration Test in borehole as per Indian standard
specification (IS-2131)
➢ Extracting undisturbed soil samples and sealing, numbering and preserving
them as per (IS-2132)
➢ Carrying out following necessary test on the soil samples to establish its
characteristics.
❖ Sieve analysis
❖ Bulk density
❖ Specific gravity
❖ Atterberg limits
❖ Shear Strength Parameters
❖ Consolidation Properties

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Authorized Signatory
5.0 Field Investigation
The standard penetration test was conducted in bore hole in soils following the
Standard procedure as per Indian standard IS: 2131, which specifies the
procedure for conducting SPT for soil. This test is carried out using the
standard split spoon sampler to measure the number of blows called ‘N’
Value. Standard split spoon sampler was attached to an ‘A’ rod. It was driven
into the soil to a distance of 45 cm using a standard hammer falling
freely from a height of 75 cm while driving, the number of blows required
to penetrate the last 30 cm is taken as ‘N’ value at that particular depth of
the bore hole. This value is then used for calculating the bearing capacity of
the soil. (Table 3 to 4)

The subsurface investigations in the field involve three basic operations:-

➢ Drilling
➢ Sampling
➢ Conducting the required field test. This is followed by operations in the
Laboratory for conducting prescribed laboratory tests.

6.0 Laboratory Tests

All test were conducted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Indian
Standard IS: 2720, results obtained are presented in Table 2 and bearing
capacity results Based on IS: 6403-1981 are presented in Table -1 and Table3
to 4

The safe Bearing capacity at depth is presented in Table5 and is based on

shear failure criteria.

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Authorized Signatory
 7.0 Results and Analysis
The field investigation and laboratory tests conducted over the soil revealed the
following Conclusions:

LOG OF BOREHOLES,
BH-1 & BH-2
Table – 1
Safe Bearing Capacity
Lab Findings Recommended
Interpolate Safe Bearing
Settleme Local General d Value Capacity
Depth nt Shear Shear from
B.H. (T / m²)
(meter) Criteria Failure Failure Column 3 (Lower of
(Table Criteria Criteria & 4 (As columns 2&5 &
5) (Tables3) (Tables4) per IS rounded down)
6403-1981)
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.50 18.65 8.46 20.42 11.45 11.4
1
3.00 26.35 15.97 37.2 21.28 21.2
4.50 31.65 22.78 51.79 30.03 30.0
1.50 15.05 8.27 19.97 11.20 11.2
2 3.00 23.68 16.24 37.83 21.64 21.6
4.50 33.42 23.04 42.06 27.80 27.5

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Authorized Signatory
 RESULTS OF LABORATORY TEST
Table No: 2

Soil Classification
Natural Moisture

Specific Gravity
Type of Sample

Field Density

SPT N Value
Content (%)
Grain Size Analysis Consistancy limits Shear Parameter

Void Ratio
Depth (m)

(gm/cc)
B.H.

Coarse Medium Fine Silt & Liquid Plastic Plasticity

Gravel C φ
Sand Sand Sand Clay Limits Limits Index
(%) (Kg/cm^2) (Degree)
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

1.50 SPT 1.68 6.34 0.54 2.63 0.00 20.53 24.38 20.35 34.74 21.60 NPL NPI SM 0.00 27 12
1 3.00 SPT 1.72 6.34 0.54 2.58 0.00 22.36 25.63 21.35 30.66 22.35 NPL NPI SM 0.00 28 17
4.50 SPT 1.69 5.84 0.54 2.60 0.00 21.54 26.17 20.35 31.94 21.85 NPL NPI SM 0.00 28 21
1.50 SPT 1.70 5.37 0.55 2.60 0.00 23.54 25.94 21.64 28.88 22.95 NPL NPI SM 0.00 27 10
2 3.00 SPT 1.72 6.48 0.54 2.62 0.00 22.38 24.38 20.84 32.40 22.24 NPL NPI SM 0.00 28 16
4.50 SPT 1.70 5.92 0.54 2.58 0.00 21.94 25.41 20.38 32.27 21.65 NPL NPI SM 0.00 29 22

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 Table No: 3
For Continuous Strip/Raft Footing
Calculation of Net Safe Bearing Capacity Based on Shear Parameters C-Φ For BH-1 & 2 (for local shear)
Qns=1/FS[2/3*C*Nc + γd(Nq-1) + 0.5*B*γ*Nγ*Wq] ; Qs=Qns+γd
For Continuous Strip Footing
Water
Size of Bearing Capacity Net Safe
Depth of Shear Parameter Unit Weight Table Safe Bearing
Foundation Factors
B.H.

Correction Bearing
Foundation Capacity t/m2
Capacity
Length Width m C Φ Φ' (Qs)
Nc Nq Nγ γ 0.5γ Wq Wγ t/m2 (Qns)
m m kg/cm2 Degree Degree
1.50 1.50 1.50 0.00 27 18 13.10 5.26 4.07 1.82 0.910 1 0.5 5.73 8.46
1 1.50 1.50 3.00 0.00 28 19 13.93 5.80 4.68 1.78 0.890 1 0.5 10.63 15.97
1.50 1.50 4.50 0.00 28 19 13.93 5.80 4.68 1.77 0.885 1 0.5 14.81 22.78
1.50 1.50 1.50 0.00 27 18 13.10 5.26 4.07 1.78 0.890 1 0.5 5.60 8.27
2 1.50 1.50 3.00 0.00 28 19 13.93 5.80 4.68 1.81 0.905 1 0.5 10.81 16.24
1.50 1.50 4.50 0.00 29 19 13.93 5.80 4.68 1.79 0.895 1 0.5 14.98 23.04

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 TABLE No: 4
For Continuous Strip/Raft Footing
Calculation of Net Safe Bearing Capacity Based on Shear Parameters C-Φ For BH-1 & 2 (for General shear)
Qns=1/FS[2/3*C*Nc + γd(Nq-1) + 0.5*B*γ*Nγ*Wq] ; Qs=Qns+γd
For Continuous Strip Footing
Water
Size of Bearing Capacity Net Safe Safe
Depth of Shear Parameter Unit Weight Table
Foundation Factors Bearing Bearing
B.H.

Foundation Correction
Capacity Capacity
Length Width m C Φ
Nc Nq Nγ γ 0.5γ Wq Wγ t/m2 (Qns) t/m2 (Qs)
m m kg/cm2 Degree
1.50 1.50 1.50 0.00 27 23.94 13.20 14.47 1.82 0.910 1 0.5 17.69 20.42
1 1.50 1.50 3.00 0.00 28 25.80 14.72 16.72 1.78 0.890 1 0.5 31.86 37.20
1.50 1.50 4.50 0.00 28 25.80 14.72 16.72 1.77 0.885 1 0.5 43.83 51.79
1.50 1.50 1.50 0.00 27 23.94 13.20 14.47 1.78 0.890 1 0.5 17.30 19.97
2 1.50 1.50 3.00 0.00 28 25.80 14.72 16.72 1.81 0.905 1 0.5 32.40 37.83
1.50 1.50 4.50 0.00 29 27.86 10.44 19.34 1.79 0.895 1 0.5 34.00 42.06

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 Table No: 5
Safe Bearing Capacity by Standard Penetration Test based on IS- 2131
(Width = 1.5 m)
Qns, Corrected N- From IS Code 8009, Qs= Qns+ γd
Avg. Bulk Corrected
B.H. Depth Corrected Qns Qs
density ‘N’ N Due To
(meter) ‘N'’ (T/m²) (T/m²)
(gm/cc) Dalatancy
1.50 1.68 12 18 - 16.13 18.65
BH-1 3.00 1.72 17 21 - 21.19 26.35
4.50 1.69 21 23 - 24.04 31.65
1.50 1.70 10 15 - 12.50 15.05
BH-2 3.00 1.72 16 20 - 18.52 23.68
4.50 1.70 22 24 - 25.77 33.42

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8.0 Allowable Bearing Capacity
Considering the proposed structure and taking in to account the ‘N’ value an
allowable settlement of 25 mm has been adopted for evaluating the net allowable
bearing capacity based on the settlement criterion.
Average shear strength parameters have been used for calculating safe bearing
capacity from shear failure criterion, lower of the two values obtained from
settlement and shear failure criteria is used in arriving at net allowable bearing
capacity of the soil, as shown in Table -1

9.0 Conclusions:

* The soil stratum consists of Sandy soil (SM).

* The SPT ‘N’ value indicates that soil stratum is medium loose.
* Soil is non plastic
* The recommended values of SBC are as per Table 1.
Remarks: -
1. Samples will be preserved in our laboratory for a period of 30 days only,
from the date of issue of this report.
2. This report is not for legal proceedings.
3. Subjected to Jaipur jurisdiction only.
4. For any clarification please correspond within 30 days from issue this test
report.

For

M.E. Testing Laboratory

*****END OF REPORT*****

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