Department of Education

Division of Rizal

District of San Mateo Rizal

SAN MATEO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS AND

PREPAREDNESS OF TEACHER AND

STUDENTS OF SAN MATEO SENIOR HIGH

SCHOOL S.Y 2019-2020 TO DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT.

Jeric Harvey Hailar

The Philippines is a country with high vulnerability to natural hazards. According to an

international report, the Philippines ranked third out of 173 countries vulnerable to disaster risks.

This evaluation was based on the potential of a natural hazard to cause heavy human

casualties, damage to properties and infrastructures, and decline of human welfare such as

health status and livelihoods. Aside from the impact of disaster risks, the country is also

vulnerable to the effects of climate change.

The Philippines is naturally prone to disasters like typhoons, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,

landslides, floods, tsunamis, and others. Filipinos have already surpassed these kinds of

disasters and have conditioned themselves for some more disasters to come each year.

Calamities and disasters can happen anytime. With the advent of science and new

technologies, calamities and disasters can now be projected at a more or less realistic time or

even at a realistic time.

Seasons can also be a good indicator for a calamity or disaster to come, however, the challenge

is still about what specific time and place this particular catastrophe has to surface. This

condition puts all people and properties into uncertainty. It is always good and ideal to be certain

in our thoughts, conditions, and decisions for the future, but obviously it is so difficult and

sometimes impossible to attain certainty.

The performance of each locality, city or municipality in preventing and mitigating the adverse

impacts of hazards and related disasters, counts on the ways local government units in

particular, have prepared for disaster possibilities in their respective jurisdictions.

Awareness can be closely associated to ones knowledge about a phenomenon brought about to

him/her from legitimate sources of information and authorities. Being informed or aware does

not always guarantee that a particular person or institution is prepared enough in times

calamities and disasters come, because as we all know logistics and infrastructural

preparedness would significantly count into the cycle preparation.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the context of the changing climate relative to the development and industrialization of

countries in the global spectrum, humanity is challenged by nature that fights back through

calamities or disaster. Since then, people found little and slow measures to mitigate or lessen

the effects of unexpected disasters as such, countries frequently visited by natural calamities

have become vulnerable to severe damage of properties and a number of casualties.

The World Health Organization emphasizes preparedness as the “activities and measures taken

in advance to ensure effective response to the impacts of hazards, including the issuance of

timely and effective early warnings and the temporary evacuation of people and property from

threatened locations. It also pertains to the pre-disaster activities, including an overall strategy,

policies and institutional and management structures that are geared to helping at risk

communities safeguard their lives and assets by being alert to hazards and taking appropriate

action in the face of an imminent threat on the actual onset of a disaster.”

The study aimed to determine the level of awareness about disaster and disaster preparedness

of Senior High School students and teachers in San Mateo Senior High School.

Specifically, this research study will answer the following:

1. What is the level of awareness of Senior High School students and teachers from

SMSHS regarding about disaster?

2. What is the source of knowledge of Senior High school students and teachers from

SMSHS regarding about awareness in disaster?

3. What are the possibilities concerning the awareness of disaster preparedness to

students and teachers of SMSHS?

4. How does students and teachers of SMSHS execute their knowledge about disaster

preparedness?
SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

Disaster risk reduction and management helps prevent incoming and inevitable disaster that

creates destructive outcomes. Specifically, this study will show how students will take action to

different disasters. The intent of this study is to contribute to the overall knowledge of school

administration in the awareness of the San Mateo Senior High School Students and teachers in

disasters and on how to reduce destruction. For the teachers, it is to imply adequate knowledge

about Disaster and readiness and risk management, for these students it is to apply everything

they had learned to invert greater catastrophe in succeeding years.

As a result of the new curriculum, supervisors and school teachers will provide them with

information needed to reduce risk and make schools a whole lot safer. The teachers assigned to

this program increasingly find themselves responsible for serving the students, to ensure their

safety when hazards and disasters are present. Understanding School-level data serves as an

appropriate starting point for awakening the consciousness of students about calamities.

Findings of this study can provide empirical inputs for reviewing and reformulating, whenever

necessary, disaster management related policies or decisions, projects and activities towards

making the school resilient to disasters. To the society this study will contribute in order to

informed and mindful of the possibility of disaster in their community, for them to cope when

hazard happens.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS

In order to have direction for the research study, the researcher provides a conceptual

framework in the study.

Figure 1. Conceptual model of the study

OUTPUT
- Identify the level of
INPUT awareness and
PROCESS preparedness of
- Level of awareness
- Survey Questionnare students and teachers
and preparedness
to disaster risk
reduction and
management

The conceptual framework shown in figure 1 represent the conceptualized model utilized in

conducting the study. Identifying the level of awareness and preparedness of students and

teacher of SMSHS to Disaster Risk and Reduction Management.

1. Hazards - Is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may

cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of live hoods and

services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage.

2. World health organization (WHO) - The World Health Organization (WHO) is a

specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international

public health.

3. Vulnerability - The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or

harmed, either physically or emotionally.

4. Climate change - a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change

apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the

increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

5. Disaster - a sudden event, such as an accident or a natural catastrophe, that causes

great damage or loss of life.

6. Disaster risk reduction and management - aims to reduce the damage caused by natural

hazards like earthquakes, floods, droughts and cyclones, through an ethic of prevention.
SCOPE, DELIMITATION AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This research study is limited only to determine the disaster awareness and readiness

among senior high school students and teachers particularly at San Mateo Senior High School,

San Mateo Rizal that was conducted from July 2019, where in students and teachers of San

Mateo Senior High School chosen as respondents. Each section consist of 48-50 students

wherein, maximum of 10 students per section and 15 teachers were chosen randomly as the

respondents of the study.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter presents related literature and studies uses by researcher in

A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2015)

The study examined disaster awareness and preparedness of secondary schools in Homa Bay
County. The study objectives were to identifying types of disasters found in secondary schools,
establishing levels of disaster awareness and preparedness, establishing administrative
strategies put in place by school managers to enhance disaster awareness and preparedness
and examining ways through which school facilities have been modified to cope with school
disasters. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and targeted 52 principals, 420
secondary schools teachers and 6,000 students. 52 principals were purposively selected for the
study, 84 teachers and 600 students were sampled for the study. Data were collected using
questionnaires and an observation schedule. Quantitative data from closed-ended items were
analysed using frequency counts. Frequencies and percentages obtained were presented in
tables and graphs which were then internalized and described.

A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2016)

The purpose is, depending on the views of principals and teachers, to determine the level of
preparedness of primary schools towards prospective earthquakes from the aspect of the
effectiveness of school principals; and to develop some recommendations due to the obtained
results and the review of the literature.
A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2017)

Disaster is a natural or human-caused hazard that causes ‘a serious disruption of the functioning
of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental
losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using
its own resources’ (UNISDR). The concern over natural disasters is increasing globally. During
the last two decades, loss of life and property due to disasters has increased. Disasters like floods,
earthquakes, fire, etc pose serious threat to people. Disaster education, which includes education
on disaster risks, mitigation and preparedness strategies, is one approach to reducing the
negative consequences of disasters (Smith 1993; Mulyasari et.al. 2011). It is imperative to
increase the knowledge and attitude of people regarding the natural and man-made disasters in
order to make them able to cope up with their adverse effects. In this paper an attempt has been
made to access the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of college students studying in district
Ganderbal of Kashmir valley regarding disaster preparedness. The results obtained showed that
there is a general lack of information among students regarding disaster awareness and
preparedness. This highlights the need for disaster safety education. The level of practice was
largely negative with acceptable knowledge and positive attitude regarding disaster preparedness
among college students of district Ganderbal Kashmir valley. It is concluded that disaster never
happened does not mean, it cannot happen. Students can be proving useful workforce in disaster
situation. College students need to know basic strategies carried out in disaster.

A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2018)

The findings of the study revealed that secondary schools in Homa Bay County are faced with a
variety of disasters with varying magnitudes most of which are floods-related as stated by 85.4%
of principals, Low extent of planning for disaster awareness attributed to rare planning and
attendance of workshops and seminars on disaster awareness given that 81.4% of teachers had
never attended these workshops. It also established that crucial disaster awareness information
materials such as school safety manuals were not available in most schools (70.9%). It was also
found that most secondary students (75.4%) were not conversant with road safety rules as some
of them were flouting these rules which might have exposed them to transport related disasters.
The study further revealed that very little efforts had been done by school administrations to
enhance disaster awareness and preparedness as none of the school had put in place early
warning mechanisms, Disaster awareness and preparedness guidelines were not available in a
large number of schools (89.6%) and that most secondary schools (75.0%) did not even have
school safety sub-committees. Most school administrations (52.9%) also took roll calls very often
before students retired to bed on a regular basis and that there were regular patrols by the school
security personnel to ensure safety in schools.

A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2013)

The Department of Education of the Philippines implements one of the provisions of the
Philippine disaster risk reduction and management act of 2013 (DRRM Act) to integrate DRRM in
the school curriculum and other educational programs, and to heighten the level of resiliency of
students toward natural disasters. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the disaster-related
knowledge, preparedness and readiness, adaptation, awareness, and risk perception of Grade
11 students. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 respondents answered the survey
questionnaire about DRRM. Responses of Grade 11 students were assessed using the five-point
Likert scale. Results: There is a high percentage of students who understood some disaster-
related concepts and ideas. Moreover, Grade 11 students are ready, prepared, adapted and
aware on the risks inflicted by disasters. However, students were found to have low-disaster risk
perception. Conclusion: Senior high school students have high levels of disaster-related
knowledge, preparedness and readiness, adaptation, and awareness. This could possibly be the
effect of the integration of disaster education in the senior high school science curriculum.
A Literate Review: A Study on Awareness of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2014)

Over a past few decades, the topic on disasters is always been discussed around the world until
today. Disasters are not natural in some cases. It can be prevented before a hazard resulted into
a destructive disaster. As we can see within this few years, the disasters are happening widely
around Malaysia, such as the floods during the Northeast Monsoon season. The awareness of
people must be raised to enhance and increase the knowledge and information on disasters. This
study focusses on the level of knowledge on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) among PETRONAS
students in order to increase the understanding regarding DRR and explore a method to come
out with a suitable program that can enhance the awareness of DRR in UUM. Data gathered from
235 DPP PETRONAS students from different college via a questionnaire survey and the result is
test by SPSS v.24 statistical technique. The reliability analysis revealed that there was significant
among 14 items which has been test, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.834. Since this is a preliminary study
on awareness of DRR among students in DPP PETRONAS, further research can be done within
a larger scope of population to enhance the result of the study.
 Chapter 3

Methodology of the study

This chapter presents the method and techniques utilized in study. It likewise describes the
respondents of the study, research instruments, data analysis and statistic.

Methods and techniques of the study

The Researchers will use Quantitative design for this study. Which aims to evaluate, measure,
and analyze the level of awareness and preparedness of San Mateo Senior High school
teachers and students in terms of disaster risk management and reduction.

Locale of the study

The study was conducted at SMSHS located in Sta. Cecilia Guitnang Bayan I, San Mateo Rizal.
It is near in Guitnang Bayan Elementary School. The SMSHS was chosen by the researcher
since it is one of the school in San Mateo Rizal and also the SMSHS is one of the top
performing schools in San Mateo