11/4/2019 Classification Generator tripping Scheme Class A, Class B & Class C | Electrical4u

Classification Generator tripping Scheme Class A,

Class B & Class C

Classi cation Generator tripping Scheme Class A, Class B & Class A:

The generator Tripping classified according to the fault.

Protec on of the generator:

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Voltage Controlled Over Current Protec on

(51V)
Dead Machine Protec on (50/27)
Generator Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF)
Over Excita on Protec on (24G)
Over Voltage Protec on (59)
Reverse Power Protec on (32R)
Low Forward Power Protec on (32F)
Differen al Protec on (87G)
Under Frequency Protec on (81G)
Over Frequency Protec on (81G)
Loss of Excita on (40G)
95 % Stator Earth Fault (64G1)
100 % Stator Earth Fault (64G2)
Generator Rotor Earth Fault (64F)
Exciter Rotor Earth Fault
I&C Trip from ETS.
ETS
Excita on System Fault
Generator Pole Slipping (78)
Nega ve Phase Sequence Protec on (46)
Backup Impedance Protec on (21)
Generator Cooling Water Loss
Conduc vity High Loss

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Classification depends upon following: x

1. Plant layout
2. Means how generator is connected to high voltage transmission line.
3. There are two different ways:

Without GCB scheme => GCB -Generator Circuit Breaker

With GCB scheme

Also Know About: Local Breaker Backup Protection LBB 50Z or 50BF

Without GCB Scheme:

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Generator synchronizing done at switchyard.

Generator, GT& UAT are directly connected to switchyard.
If any faults in generator, then we have to open switchyard breaker.

Without GCB we can classified into 3 class

Class A
Class B
Class C

Class A trips:
Class A trip involves a serious electrical fault like differen al, stator earth fault etc. and is
considered to be the most dangerous in terms of the shock on the unit. Since it involves serious
electrical faults, connec ons from both generator and the EHV bus is immediately switched off
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11/4/2019 Classification Generator tripping Scheme Class A, Class B & Class C | Electrical4u

to limit the damage at the fault point and also to isolate the healthy system. Hence the unit x
(turbine, generator and boiler) has to be tripped.

Class B trip:
Class B primarily relates to mechanical problems. This results in tripping of turbine followed by
generator.

Class C trip:
Class C involves basically external system related problems like frequency, overvoltage etc. This x
does not involve instant tripping of the unit. CPP unit operates on house load.

Also Know About: Neutral Voltage Protection -59GN- 95% stator Earth fault
protection

With gcb scheme:

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Generator synchronizing done at TG building. x

Generator is not directly connected to GT,UAT & switchyard
If any faults in generator then we have to open GCB.
Classifica on of generator protec on tripping in this scheme are
1. Class A1
2. Class A2
3. Class B

Class A1:
Class A-I trip is mainly for faults in generator transformer and unit transformer. In this class, trip
goes to following equipments without me delay.

Generator Breaker (GCB).

EHV Breaker.
UAT LV breaker and Field Breaker.

Three generator protec ons come into Class-AI.

Voltage Controlled Over Current Protec on (51V).

Dead Machine Protec on (50/27).
Generator Circuit Breaker Failure (50BF).

Class A2:
Class AII trip is for faults in generator. In this class, trip goes to following equipments without
me delay.

Turbine,
Generator breaker (GCB),
Field breaker.

Advantage of GCB scheme:

The auxiliaries are fed through unit transformer by back charging of GT. Thus in Class A2 trip we
are able to maintain uninterrupted power to the Unit bus and auxiliaries which was not
possible in the scheme without GCB.

Also Know About: Advantage of Neutral Grounding Transformer NGT

There are 13 generator protec ons into Class AII:

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11/4/2019 Classification Generator tripping Scheme Class A, Class B & Class C | Electrical4u

1. Over Excita on Protec on (24G) x

2. Over Voltage Protec on (59)
3. Reverse Power Protec on (32R)
4. Under Frequency stage – 2 (81)
5. Low Forward Power Protec on (32F)
6. Differen al Protec on (87G)
7. Loss of Excita on (40G)
8. 95 % Stator Earth Fault (64G1)
9. 100 % Stator Earth Fault (64G2)
10. Generator Rotor Earth Fault (64F)
11. Exciter Rotor Earth Fault
12. I&C Trip from ETS
13. Excita on System Fault

Class B
Class B trip also leads to generator breaker (GCB) tripping. In this class, trip goes to only
turbine. There are 7 generator protec ons come into Class B

Under frequency stage-1 (81)

Over Frequency Stage-2 (81)
Generator Pole Slipping (78)
Nega ve Phase Sequence Protec on (46)
Backup Impedance Protec on (21)
Generator Cooling Water Loss
Conduc vity High loss.

Ref: h p://ijaems.com/upload_images/SITE_SPECIAL_ISSUE_FILE_PATHJIT-093.pdf

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