Development of Smart Solar-Powered Waste Bin

Segregation using Image Processing

A Title Proposal

Submitted to
The Faculty of College of Engineering Education
University of Mindanao

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering

Submitted by

Marvin Roy P. Artiaga

Froilan N. Jimeno II
Briely Jay A. Briz

July 2019
 THE TITLE PROPOSAL

Research Title: Development of Smart Solar-Powered Waste Bin Segregation using Image
Processing

Proponents: Marvin Roy P. Artiaga

Briely Jay A. Briz

Froilan N. Jimeno II

1. Rationale:

In today’s world, garbage disposal has become a cause of major concern. Solid
waste management is a big challenge in urban areas for most of the countries throughout
the world. Most daily human activities generate waste which requires to be properly
managed to protect human health and environment while enhancing aesthetics. The key
issue in the waste management is that the garbage bin at public places gets overflowed
well in advance before the commencement of the next cleaning process. It in turn leads
to various hazards such as bad odor & ugliness to that place which may be the root cause
for spread of various diseases. To avoid all such hazardous scenario and maintain public
cleanliness and health this work is mounted on a smart garbage system. Shortage of
manpower and equipment has resulted in the municipal corporation not being able to
collect or transport waste generated by the city. So we are implementing a new system
which having a high role in the environment cleaning. It is a time consuming process, so
every person can be operate it easily.

2. Objectives of the Study

2.1 General Objectives:

The main objective of this study is to conceptualize, design and create a smart
solar-powered bin waste segregation using image processing prototype intended to
segregates solid waste into its respective bins and to aid in recycling wastes from
households and commercial areas.
 2.2 Specific Objectives:

a. To design a prototype that can be able to capture the image of the garbage one
after the other, identify the image and classify it into one of the three categories.
b. To conceptualized and construct a circuit according to the design.
c. To develop a software that will recognize the different solid waste inserted in the
machine.
d. To create a prototype that will utilize the software and be applied to technical
use.
e. To test and implement the prototype in schools, households and communities.
f. To show the construction cost of the prototype .

3. Conceptual Framework

From figure 3.1 presents an Input-Process-Output chart to determine the input, the
process needed to be done and the output acquired. Inputs which are the physical requirements
and functional requirements needed for the system. Process is the gathering of data, brainstorming,
designing, constructing, programming and testing of the system .Output, the final output of this
study is a smart solar-powered waste bin segregation using image processing that is able to
automatically segregate waste and provides a status of the contents of the trash bin. It is powered
by both solar energy and direct current power supply. The embedded microcontrollers and
sensors provide the information need to separate the waste.

Gathering data related to the

studies.
 Waste Bin
 Arduino Designing of the device.
 Ultrasonic Sensor
 Touchscreen LCD Constructing of the circuit
 Servo Motor according to the design. Smart Solar-Powered
 Web Camera Waste Bin Segregation
 Solar Panel Melding of Software and Hardware using Image Processing
 DC power adaptor
 GSM Module Testing the functionality of the
device.

Input Process Output

Figure 3.1 Conceptual Framework of the Study

4. METHODOLOGY

4.1 Prior Art

Some prior art use only sensors like ultrasonic sensors,metal sensors and moisture
sensor to determine specific waste which waste bin they belong. It classified only three
waste categories the metallic, dry and wet [1][2][4][5].In ref. [3],monitoring prototype to
proactively detect fill-level or gas emission levels and notify the relevant waste
monitoring personnel.

4.2 System Flow Chart

The researchers used a flowchart to summarize the flow of the system, starting
from the Solar Panel as a source to the sorting process of the machine.

In fig. 4.2, the system will initialize and display that it is ready to take an input.
Initialization will include power checking. If the battery power charged from the solar
panel is enough, the machine will run through solar energy if not, it will require a DC
power input. When the system finished the initialization process, the LCD will display that
the machine is operational and waiting for an input. When an input (waste) is inserted in
the acceptor bin the moisture sensor and mass sensor will determine if the input is wet
or contains liquid, if yes the input will be rejected. The LCD will display that the input
needs to be dried or emptied. If the input is neither wet nor contains liquid it will then
undergo inductive and capacitive testing. If it is biodegradable, the arduino will drive the
servo motor to move the input to the image processing stage to double check the input
through image recognition software. After confirming that the input is biodegradable, it
will be transported to the biodegradable bin. If the input is not biodegradable, the
capacitive sensor will identify if it is non-biodegradable. To cross check the appearance of
the input, the web camera will inspect if the input matches with the listed non-
biodegradable objects stored in the system. The web camera will determine a recyclable
by projecting light and identifying the object if it is recyclable materials. If there is a match,
the motor will drive the input to its respective bin. The Raspberry Pi will interpret all inputs
and output and display in the LCD that the input has been successfully processed. After
this, the system will initialize using the ultrasonic sensor which will identify if any or all of
the bins are full. If it is full, it will send a signal to the microcontroller to provide an alert
to the collector through GSM. The LCD will display that it is full and the acceptor bin will
automatically lock. If the ultrasonic sensor indicates that the bins are still in accepting
level, the LCD will initialize and display that the system is ready to accept another input.
The process repeats itself during the whole operating process.
 START

INITIALIZATION WHAT WILL BE THE DC POWER

POWER SOURCE INPUT

DISPLAY STATUS OF
MACHINE

SOLAR
PANEL
INPUT

YES
ACCEPTOR BIN
OPEN

YES DISPLAY THAT THE

IS THE INPUT
CONTAINS INPUT NEEDS TO
LIQUIDS?
REJECT DRIED OR EMPTIED

NO IDLE
NO END

YES YES
DOES IT
IS IT BIO? LOOK LIKE
WASTE GOES TO IS THE BIO ALERT
BIO? BIO WASTE BIN WASTE BIN COLLECTION END
FULL?

NO NO NO
IDLE END
YES YES
IS IT NON- DOES IT WASTE GOES TO IS THE NON-
BIO? LOOK LIKE
NON-BIO WASTE BIO WASTE
ALERT END
NON-BIO? BIN FULL? COLLECTION
BIN

NO NO NO IDLE END
YES
YES DOES IT
IS IT WASTE GOES TO IS THE ALERT
RECYCLABLE?
LOOK LIKE
RECYCLABLE BIN
RECYCLABLE
COLLECTION END
RECYCLABLE? WASTE BIN
FULL?
?

Figure 4.2 Flowchart of the Smart Solar-Powered Bin Waste Segregation

Hardware Implementation

Hardware design of smart solar-powered system includes various

hardware like:
 Buzzer
 LCD
 Ultrasonic Sensors
 Web Camera
 DC Power Adapter
 DC Motors
 Motor Drivers
 GSM Module

5. Scope and Limitations of the Study

The scope and limitation of our proposed project is to develop an automatic waste
segregating machine which is able to capture the image of the garbage one after the
other, identify the image and classify it into 3 categories if it is biodegradable, non-
biodegradable and recyclable. And also to develop a waste segregating machine that is
environment friendly would answer one of the problems of the world which is growing
amount of wastes that people produce. Through automation, it will be much easier to
collect and sort the wastes that human produce. It is environment friendly because it
saves energy by the use of a solar panel which is a renewable energy source. The
prototype is monitored using various sensors and the image processing mechanism. It
sends an alert signal to notify the status of the bins installed if it is already full load.

6. Research study Duration

The proponent’s research project is estimated to be finished by one year and a half.

7. Approximate Budget to Complete the Study

The approximate budget to complete this project would be Fifteen thousand to twenty
thousand (P15, 000 - P20, 000).
 REFERENCES

[1]Kesthara .V1, Nissar Khan2, Praveen .S.P2, Mahesha .C2, Murali .N2 “Sensor Based Smart Dustbin for
Waste Segregation and Status Alert”, International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering,
Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS) Volume VII, Issue IV, April 2018 | ISSN 2278-2540

[2] Dr.N.SATHISH KUMAR#1, B.VIJAYALAKSHMI#2, R. JENIFER PRARTHANA#3, A .SHANKAR#4 “IOT Based

Smart Garbage alert system using Arduino UNO”.

[3] Eric M. Mware “A Smart-bin prototype for in-house waste management”, Faculty of Information
Technology (FIT) Strathmore University 2017.

[4] Kavya M1, Sahana P2, Shruthi G3, Sunitha M C4, Jyothi A P5 “SENSOR BASED SMART DUSTBIN FOR
WASTE SEGREGATION AND STATUS ALERT”, IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396, Vol-2 Issue-5 2017

[5] Manisha Jayson, Sanket Hiremath, Lakshmi H R “SmartBin-Automatic waste segregation and
collection”, 2018 Second International Conference on Advances in Electronics, Computer and
Communications (ICAECC-2018)