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Block Diagram

This document describes the circuit operation and working principle of a circuit that controls the intensity of LED lights using a MOSFET, potentiometer, VRLA battery, and LED strip. The potentiometer is used as a rheostat to vary the voltage applied to the MOSFET gate, which controls the flow of electrons from the drain to source and varies the light intensity of the LED strip. Turning the potentiometer knob adjusts the resistance in the circuit and brightness of the LEDs. The MOSFET acts as a switch by varying the width of the electron flow channel between source and drain based on the gate voltage.

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Saipriya Adavelly
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© © All Rights Reserved
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618 views

Block Diagram

This document describes the circuit operation and working principle of a circuit that controls the intensity of LED lights using a MOSFET, potentiometer, VRLA battery, and LED strip. The potentiometer is used as a rheostat to vary the voltage applied to the MOSFET gate, which controls the flow of electrons from the drain to source and varies the light intensity of the LED strip. Turning the potentiometer knob adjusts the resistance in the circuit and brightness of the LEDs. The MOSFET acts as a switch by varying the width of the electron flow channel between source and drain based on the gate voltage.

Uploaded by

Saipriya Adavelly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT OPERATION

In this project the VRLA battery provides power supply the plug is connected to the battery,
the negative terminal of the battery is given to LED strip negative terminal and positive terminal is
given to the outside pin of potentiometer as well as to the source of the MOSFET .The centre pin of
potentiometer is connected to the gate terminal of the MOSFET. The drain terminal off the MOSFET
is given to the positive terminal of the LED strip.

When the plug is connected to the battery the voltage is applied across terminals of the
MOSFET. And when we adjust the wiper of the potentiometer then the voltage applied across the
gate will be varied , thus the band width of the MOSFET will be varied which inturn changes the flow
of charge carriers

Actually the current enters through the sources and exit through the drain in MOSFET. The
gate terminal decides how much conduction should be done . By varying the gate voltage we can
change the flow of electrons.

So by varying the potentiometer we will vary the voltage across the gate and the amount of
flow of electrons through the drain terminals the electrons emitted is proportional to the applied
gate voltage.

In this way our light intensity is varied

.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
In this project we are controlling intensity of LED light .It consists of components
MOSFET,VRLA Battery ,potentiometer ,LED strip. In this project we vary the intensity of light
by adjusting potentiometer , MOSFET play an important role in this project . The MOSFET
works as a switching device .The MOSFET works by electronically varying the width of a
channel along which charge carrier flow (electronics or holes).The charge carriers enter the
channel at source and exit via Drain. The width of the channel is controlled by the voltage on
an electrode is called Gate which is located between the source and Drain. Here by using the
potentiometer we vary the voltage applied to the Gate so the width of the channel along
with the charge carriers will be varied.

Potentiometer has 3 pins , 2 terminals are connected to resistance element and 3


terminals is connected to an adjustable wiper. The potentiometer can work as Rheostat or
as voltage divider .In our project we are using potentiometer as Rheostat . To use the
potentiometer as a Rheostat, only two pins use one outside pin the centre pin .The position
the wiper determines how much resistance the potentiometer is imposing to the circuit .

The main supply for the whole circuit drawn from a 12 volt VRLA battery.It is
sometimes called as sealed lead acid (SLC),These are maintance free battery .Lead acid cells
consists of two plates of lead, which serve as electrodes ,suspended in an electrolyte
consisting of Diluted Sulfuric acid.

Here we are using LED strip as lighting device. LED strip lights consists of high
powered LED mounted on a super thin flexible circuit board with an adhesive coating it can
look like a long strip .The light emitting diode is PN junction diode, which consists of two
leads and semi conductor light source .when it is activated by applying the suitable voltages
across its leads then it emits the light energy in the form of photons and the colour of this of
this was determined by the band gap of semiconductor material .The light energy is
produced by the recombination of electrons and electrons holes with this device and this
process is called electroluminescence process.
CONCLUSION

An efficient way of controlling the light intensity of portable lamp is done. Implementing this efficient
way of controlling light intensity is required for comfortable visualization and they lamp illuminate
according to the current condition of the area they illuminate. The energy saved which is consumed
by the lamps. This provision is helping in all the purposes as the lighting play a important in this in
the world .finally we conclude that saving electrical energy in this manner is more useful and best
way of using energy in a proper way.this project is very economically good and can be used by all the
people

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