INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY:

Through an on-the-spot drawing contest, create pictures/scenes of ancient

Philippines. Share these works with the other classmates.

ACTIVITY 1
1. Form Groups. Go to a plaza or park near you. Take pictures of the monuments
and identify at least one. Using local library or interview of government officials,
especially those in the Department of Tourism, try to now the story of the hero
represented by the monument. Share your work to the class either by simple
narration or with the aid of video presentation.
2.
a. Identify the names of the streets of your hometown. Who are these people?
b. What have they done for the community? For the country?
c. Using the criteria of a hero, assess whether they answer the criteria of being
a hero.

ACTIVITY 2
1. Assignment: Do a research work on Father Jose Burgos
a. Present his biography
Religious and Filipino Patriot, born in Vigan (Ilocos Sur province) on 9
February 1837 and died in Manila on February 17, 1872, which was one of
the three martyrs of the revolt of 1872, along with Mariano Gómez and
Jacinto Zamora, event that is considered by later generations one of the
pioneers in the fight for the independence of the Philippines.
Son of a Spanish officer and a Filipino mestiza, José Burgos studied at
the prestigious Colegio San Juan de Letran in Manila, where their excellent
grades led him to obtain the titles of Bachelor in matters of philosophy (1855)
and theology (1859), and graduating with the number one in his class. That
same year he/she was ordained priest, and then began studies at the
University of St. Thomas; in this Center continued his brilliant academic
career, on graduating in the Bachelor of philosophy (1860), theology (1862),
and Canon law (1866). In 1868 he/she obtained the doctorate in theology and
in April 1871 culminated as extraordinary curriculum with the title of doctor in
Canon law. At the same time he/she combined studies with the position of
Pastor in the District of Intramuros in the Philippine capital. Then he/she held
the positions of Prosecutor of the ecclesiastical court, Canon of the Cathedral
of Manila, and master of ceremonies for the Universidad.La experience in the
University classroom made him aware of unfair discrimination against the
Spaniards towards the Indians, particularly serious situation in the bosom of
 the Church establishment. For this reason began to write articles in which
denounced this situation, with vehemence and brilliant arguments writings
who enjoyed certain permissiveness to be broadcast during the liberal
interlude of 1869-1871. However, his spirited defense of the native clergy on
the controversial issue of the Secularization of the clergy earned him furious
enmity of regular Spanish friars, so after the Cavite mutiny (January 20, 1872)
was designated as one of the instigators of the insurgency. Arrested along
with fathers Mariano Gómez and Jacinto Zamora, was immediately tried and
found guilty of the charges despite the lack of evidence against him, in a
process plagued with irregularities: false testimony, pressure from the
authorities, partiality of the Court and failure to use sentence to death, since
the Governor himself confirmed that the execution would take place only two
days later.
José Burgos was executed by the method of garrote in Bagumbayan
field on the morning of 17 February, and according to the chronicles his last
words were: "Father, receives the soul of an innocent in your womb".

b. Cite at least two samples of and his writings.

 La Loba Negra (The black she-wolf)
 Maremagnum, o Ang huli kong alalahanin.
c. Share these to the class.

2. Write an essay according to his writings. Analyze how these ideas would improve
the situation of the Filipino youth? In your opinion, are these concepts on the
Filipino youth still relevant to this day?
La Loba Negra (The Black She-wolf) is an opera in 3 acts by Francisco
Feliciano with libretto by Fides Cuyugan-Asensio. The opera was based on a novel attributed
to Jose Burgos. The opera tells of the story of the Governor-General Francisco
Bustamante and his subsequent assassination and the revenge of his wife Luisa, now called
La Loba Negra, after the death of her husband.

Mare The heated election campaign of the green municipal candidate, Giusi Nicolini,
on the island of Lampedusa, which - through no wish of its own - has become the
cemetery for African immigrants to Europe.
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LESSON:
GROUP ACTIVITY
1. List down the events that happened in the 19th century.
 Belgium free from Spain brocade costume and
 Congress of Vienna large crown.
(Austria, Prussia, Russia,  Katsushika Hokusai
Great Britain, France) produces the series of
 Spanish Revolution woodblock-print landscape
 Greek Revolution images known as the
 Decembrist Revolt Fugaku sanjurokkei
 Religious reform; England- ('Thirty-six views of Mt
Catholic Emancipation Ac Fuji'). Taking the sacred
 July Revolution - France mountain as a focal point,
 Revolt in Brussels – Hokusai creates a series
Belgium of imaginary scenes filled
with colour, dynamism and
 Independent Belgium
emphasis on graphic
 Second Republic of
patterns.
France
 Lampung weavers of
 Italian Unification
Sumatra make small cloth
 Austro-Prussian War
squares (tampan) with
 German Unification
complex designs to trade
 Three Emperor's League
ritually during important
 1820 to Jan 1, 1830: ceremonies.
Polish Uprisings
 Ren Xiong paints a self-
 Crimean War portrait of himself standing
 Franco-Prussian War with his head shaven, his
 Louisiana Purchase chest bared and his gaze
 Lewis and Clark stern and unwavering.
Expedition This unconventional
 War of 1812 picture is ambiguous in
 American, W.A. Burt meaning and intent and
invents a typewriter consolidates many trends
 The Light Bulb Invented and struggles experienced
 Basketball Invented in China during this period
 Galveston Hurricane of great change.
 Persian painter Mihr 'Ali  Soon after returning to
creates the best of his Java, Raden Saleh paints
series of full-length oil The Storm, in which he
paintings of Qajar ruler employs the techniques
Fath 'Ali Shah, showing and styles adopted during
the monarch in a gold his many years travelling
 and studying in Europe to connection between
depict local imagery. His Europe and Indonesia in
work represents the close the 19th century.

2. Get five to 10 sheets of long bond paper. Place the bond papers side by side in a
landscape orientation. Put tape on the back of each paper so that a longer paper
would result. Write on the clean side.
3. Using the list the group prepared, make a timeline.
4. On the top part, make a timeline of European History, on the middle part, make a
timeline of American history, toward the bottom part, make a timeline of Asian
history. Use pictures, drawings, cutouts, and other artistic means to represent the
time periods.

European History
 Jan 1, 1815: Belgium free from Spain
 Jun 9, 1815: Congress of Vienna (Austria, Prussia, Russia, Great Britain,
France)
 Jan 1, 1820: Spanish Revolution
 Jan 1, 1821: Greek Revolution
 Oct 31, 1825: Decembrist Revolt – Russia
 Oct 27, 1829: Religious reform; England- Catholic Emancipation Ac
 Jul 31, 1830: July Revolution - France
 Aug 31, 1830: Revolt in Brussels – Belgium
 Nov 30, 1830: Independent Belgium
 Oct 31, 1848: Second Republic of France
 Oct 31, 1861: Italian Unification
 Oct 31, 1866: Austro-Prussian War
 Oct 31, 1871: German Unification
 Oct 31, 1873: Three Emperor's League
 Period: Jan 31, 1820 to Jan 1, 1830: Polish Uprisings
 Period: Oct 31, 1853 to Oct 31, 1856: Crimean War
 Period: Oct 31, 1870 to Oct 31, 1871: Franco-Prussian War
American History
 Jan 18, 1803: Louisiana Purchase - Louisiana Purchase on January 18,
made by Jefferson. This leads to Lewis and Clark exploring the West and
the Westward Expansion.
 Dec 15, 1804: Lewis and Clark Expedition - Meriwether Lewis and William
Clark explored thousands of miles of new land that settlers could later
move to. Lewis also collected and described hundreds of new plant and
 animal species that had been previously unknown to science. This
changed the science field, giving it exponential knowledge, and new
experiments to conduct. Exploring the land gave other US citizens the
opportunity to make new lives out west, and it expanded the United State's
land area.
 Oct 19, 1812: War of 1812
 Nov 17, 1819: Harriet Tubman - Harriet Tubman (1819-1913) dedicated
her whole life to freeing slaves from their bondage by being a conductor
on the underground railroad. Although she escaped from her owner's
plantation and gained her freedom, she kept going back to free other
slaves even though it was extremely dangerous and put her life at risk.
Over her lifetime, Harriet helped over 300 slaves escape. She risked her
life to rescue her people from captivity, and was an honorable woman.
 Oct 31, 1820: Susan B. Anthony - Susan B. Anthony, who lived from
1820-1906, dedicated her life to securing women's rights and fought for
equality. She was looked down upon by most of the male society because
they thought women were inferior and didn't like the fact that women were
starting to stand up for themselves. Despite all of that, Susan pressed on
and fought for her rights, as well as the rights of all other women.
 Aug 4, 1829: American, W.A. Burt invents a typewriter - The invention of a
typewriter obvously led to the invention of the computer, which forever
changed the way the world worked, spoke, and communicated. After the
invention of the computer as a result of the typewriter, other things like
new medicine, operations, travel, etc. were invented. Thanks to the
invention of the typewriter, the world keeps advancing and adding on to it's
abilities with the computer.
 May 29, 1879: The Light Bulb Invented - Thomas Edison invented the light
bulb, which changed the world. It made the streets and buildings and
homes light up, which made it easier for the average person to work and
just live. It also created the modern electricity industry. There are many
different forms of light bulbs and sources of light now, thanks to the
dedication of Thomas Edison.
 Oct 21, 1891: Basketball Invented - James Naismith was a Canadian
physical instructor who invented the game of basketball so that his
students could participate in sports during the winter. The original game
was invented while James was at the Springfield, Massachusetts YMCA.
Naismith used a soccer ball that was thrown into peach baskets in the first
games for his students. The first public basketball game was in
Springfield, MA, USA on March 11, 1892. Today, basketball is one of the
most played sports in America and the world.
  Sep 8, 1900: Galveston Hurricane - The most destuructive storm in
American history hit Galveston wiithout warning and destroyed most of the
city.
Asian History
 1812 - Persian painter Mihr 'Ali creates the best of his series of full-length
oil paintings of Qajar ruler Fath 'Ali Shah, showing the monarch in a gold
brocade costume and large crown.
 1829 – 1833 - Katsushika Hokusai produces the series of woodblock-print
landscape images known as the Fugaku sanjurokkei ('Thirty-six views of
Mt Fuji'). Taking the sacred mountain as a focal point, Hokusai creates a
series of imaginary scenes filled with colour, dynamism and emphasis on
graphic patterns.
Lampung weavers of Sumatra make small cloth squares (tampan)
with complex designs to trade ritually during important ceremonies.
 1850 - Ren Xiong paints a self-portrait of himself standing with his head
shaven, his chest bared and his gaze stern and unwavering. This
unconventional picture is ambiguous in meaning and intent and
consolidates many trends and struggles experienced in China during this
period of great change.
 1851 - Soon after returning to Java, Raden Saleh paints The Storm, in
which he employs the techniques and styles adopted during his many
years travelling and studying in Europe to depict local imagery. His work
represents the close connection between Europe and Indonesia in the
19th century.

5. Each group is required to state a trend that they have noticed during the 19th
century.
 Political Trend - Amidst long periods of Spanish control and repression,
there were brief times--largely coinciding with the ascendance of liberal
governments in Spain--that brought liberal reforms to Puerto Rico. Most
political reforms on the island took place between 1812 and 1814 and
between 1869 and 1873. Local political leaders were highly influenced by
the liberal ideas of the American Revolution (1776), the French Revolution
(1789), and the wars of independence throughout Spanish America (1800-
1825). They therefore supported ideas such as individual freedom,
representative government, democratic elections, and open trade.
 Fashion Trend - The fashion of the 19th century is renowned for its
corsets, bonnets, top hats, bustles and petticoats. Women's fashion during
the Victorian period was largely dominated by full skirts, which gradually
moved to the back of the silhouette.
LESSON:
GROUP ACTIVITY
List down the changes that occurred in the Philippines into three columns labeled
as: “Political Aspect”. “Economic Aspect”, and “Sociocultural Aspect”. Present the work
to class. Analyze if the items listed down were in the correct columns.

SOCIOCULTURAL
POLITICAL ASPECT ECONOMIC ASPECT
ASPECT
Pre - Spanish Era -
Before the arrival of
Ferdinand Magellan, the
Philippines was split into
numerous barangays,
which were not unlike the
Greek city-states. These
barangays warred, made
peace, traded and had
relations with each other.
In Mindanao, Islamic
sultanates such as the
Sultanate of Sulu and
Maguindanao, prospered.
Ferdinand Magellan's
death in 1521 can be partly
attributed to a dispute
between Lapu-Lapu and
Rajah Humabon for control
of Cebu. The Kingdom of
Maynila was trading with
China and other nearby
empires when Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi
conquered the kingdom in
1565 and assimilated it
with the other kingdoms he
had conquered nearby to
unite the Philippines under
Spanish rule
LESSON:
GROUP ACTIVITY
1. Differentiate. “Filipino”, “regular priests”, and “secularization issue.”
 Filipino - are the people who are native to or identified with the country of
the Philippines. Filipinos come from various Austronesian ethnolinguistic
groups. Currently, there are more than 175 ethnolinguistic groups, each
with its own language, identity, culture and history. The modern Filipino
identity, with its Austronesian roots, was mainly influenced by China, the
United States and Spain.
 Regular Priests - they belonged to religious orders. Their main task was to
spread Christianity. Examples were the Franciscans, Recollects, Spanish
church in Cavite circa 1899Dominicans, and Augustinians.
 Secularization Issue – Secularization is the transformation of a society
from close identification with religious values and institutions toward
nonreligious values and secular institutions. Secular priests did not belong
to any religious order. They were trained specifically to run the parishes
and were under the supervision of the bishops.

2. Discuss the stand of the regular priests and the secular priests in relation to the
administration of Philippine provinces.
Conflict began when the bishops insisted on visiting the parishes that were
being run by regular priests. It was their duty, they argued, to check on the
administration of these parishes. But the regular priests refused these visits,
saying that they were not under the bishop’s jurisdiction. They threatened to
abandon their parishes if the bishops persisted.
In 1774, Archbishop Basilio Santa Justa decided to uphold the diocese’s
authority over the parishes and accepted the resignations of the regular priests.
He assigned secular priests to take their place. Since there were not enough
seculars to fill all the vacancies the Archbishop hastened the ordination of Filipino
seculars. A royal decree was also issued on November 9, 1774, which provided
for the secularization of all parishes or the transfer of parochial administration
from the regular friars to the secular priests.
 The regulars resented the move because they considered the Filipinos unfit for
the priesthood. Among other reasons they cited the Filipinos’ brown skin, lack of
education, and inadequate experience.
The controversy became more intense when the Jesuits returned to the
Philippines. They had been exiled from the country because of certain policies of
the order that the Spanish authorities did not like.
The issue soon took on a racial slant. The Spaniards were clearly
favouring their own regular priest over Filipino priests.

Monsignor Pedro Pelaez, ecclesiastical governor of the Church, sided with the
Filipinos. Unfortunately, he died in an earthquake that destroyed the Manila
Cathedral in 1863. After his death, other priests took his place in fighting for the
secularization movement. Among them were Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose
Burgos and Jacinto Zamora.

3. If the word “propaganda” means to give out information, analyze why the
secularization issue became a crucial point in the Propaganda Period Philippine
History.

LESSON:
GROUP CLASS ACTIVITY
1. Form two or more groups. Analyze the issues and interests that were upheld to
push the Rizal Law. Are these issues still valuable a present? One group will
discuss positive while the other group will discuss the negative answer.
2. According to various Philippine presidents, the overseas Filipino workers (OFWs)
are the present-day heroes. Using the criteria presented in this reading, are they
worthy of being called heroes justify your answers. Could other parameters be
used to update the definition of a hero fifty years after debate of the National
Heroes Commission? List down at least three items. Could these justify the
classification of the OFWs as modern-day heroes?

LESSON:
ACTIVITY
1. Identify the different landmarks in the life of Jose Rizal.
2. Discuss why these were the choices made.
3. Share your answers to class.
Republic Act No. 1425, known as the Rizal Law, mandates all educational institutions in
the Philippines to offer courses about José Rizal. The full name of the law is An Act to Include in the
Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses On the Life, Works
and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo,
Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes. The measure was strongly
opposed by the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines due to the anti-clerical themes in Noli Me
Tángere and El Filibusterismo.

Section 2 mandated that the students were to read the novels as they were written in Spanish,
although a provision ordered that the Board of National Education create rules on how these should
be applied.[3] The last two sections were focused on making Rizal's works accessible to the general
public: the second section mandated the schools to have "an adequate number" of copies in their
libraries, while the third ordered the board to publish the works in major Philippine languages.[3]
After the bill was enacted into law, there were no recorded instances of students applying for
exemption from reading the novels, and there is no known procedure for such exemptions.[6] In 1994,
President Fidel V. Ramos ordered the Department of Education, Culture and Sports to fully
implement the law as there had been reports that it has still not been fully implemented.[7]
The debate during the enactment of the Rizal Law has been compared to the Responsible
Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 (RH Law) debate in
2011.[8] Akbayan representative Kaka Bag-ao, one of the proponents of the RH bill, said, quoting the
Catholic hierarchy, that "More than 50 years ago, they said the Rizal Law violates the Catholic's right
to conscience and religion, interestingly, the same line of reasoning they use to oppose the RH
bill."[9]

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
RESEARCH THE FOLLOWING WORKS/ESSAYS ON RIZAL.
A. Salazar, Zeus. (2007). A Legacy of the Propaganda: The Tripartite View of
Philippine History. Online Access,
http://www.bagongkasaysayan.org/downloadable/zeus_005.pdf
B. Joaquin, Nick. (2005). Anatomy of the anti-hero. In A Questions of Heroes, pp.
50-64
C. Anderson, Benedict. (2004). The First Filipino. In Spectre of Comparisons:
Nationalism, Southeast Asia and the World. pp. 227-234. Quezon City: ADMU
Press.
D. Morga, Antonio. (1962). Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Manila: National
Centennial Commission. (Chapter 8)
As a class, develop and agree on a set of classifications or a system of
classification for a hero. Justify and defend each one as a criterion.

LESSON:
A. ASSIGNMENT: HAVE STUDENTS READ A SPECIFIC POEM.
B. GROUP ACITIVITY
1. Form groups with four members each. Identify a specific stanza of the poem
which your group is interested to discuss, for instance, the first stanza of the
poem “Sa Aking Mga Kabata”.
2. Then, exchange ideas on the meaning of your chosen stanza.
 3. Present your group work to the class.

LESSON:
A. INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY
1. Answer the question: What is the implication of this concept for the female
population of a country?

In almost every country in the world, men are more likely to participate in labor
markets than women. However, these gender differences in participation rates
have been narrowing substantially in recent decades. In this post we discuss
how and why these changes are taking place.

The first section in this article provides an overview of the ‘stylized facts’,
including an overview of women’s participation in the informal economy and
unpaid care work. The second section provides an overview of the key factors
that have been driving the broad trends (these factors are further discussed in
a companion blog post).

Before we move on to the details, here is a preview of the main points:

2. In most countries men tend to participate in labor markets more

frequently than women.
3. All over the world, labor force participation among women of working
age increased substantially in the last century.
4. In some parts of the world, the historical increase in female labor
force participation has slowed down or even regressed slightly in
recent years.
5. Women all over the world allocate a substantial amount of time to
activities that are not typically recorded as ‘economic activities’.
Hence, female participation in labor markets tends to increase when
the time-cost of unpaid care work is reduced, shared equally with
men, and/or made more compatible with market work.
6. Around the world men tend to participate in labor markets more
frequently than women. However, it only takes a glimpse of the data
to see that there are huge differences across societies.
7. The following visualization provides a picture of how men and
women compare today in terms of participation in labor markets,
country by country. Shown is the female-to-male ratio in labor force
participation rates (expressed in percent). These figures show
estimates from the International Labor Organization (ILO). These are
‘modelled estimates’ in the sense that the ILO produces them after
 harmonizing various data sources to improve comparability across
countries.
8. As we can see, the numbers for most countries are well below 100%,
which means that the participation of women tends to be lower than
that of men. Yet differences are outstanding: in countries such as
Syria or Algeria, the ratio is below 25%. In contrast, in Laos,
Mozambique, Rwanda, Malawi and Togo, the relationship is close to,
or even slightly above 100% (i.e. there is gender parity in labor force
participation or even a higher share of women participating in the
labor market than men).
9. Female labor force participation is highest in some of the poorest and
richest countries in the world. And it is lowest in countries with
average national incomes somewhere in between. In other words: in
a cross-section, the relationship between female participation rates
and GDP per capita follows a U-shape. This is shown in the scatter
plot below.
10. To highlight continents, you can click on the continent name tags
on the right panel. If you do this you will see that some interesting
patterns emerge. Within Africa there is a negative correlation (the
poorest countries have the highest participation rates), while in
Europe there is a positive correlation (the richest European countries
have the highest participation rates). Indeed, these correlations
within high and low income countries seem to explain a big part of
the U-shape that appears in the cross-section.
11. In the last section of this blog post we provide an overview of the
forces that drive this correlation, borrowing from our companion blog
post on the determinants of female labor force participation.

12. Compare the situation of the Philippine education opportunities for women in
the Philippines and the women in Afghanistan and in Kuwait.

While in power in Afghanistan, the Taliban became notorious internationally for

their sexism and violence against women. Their stated motive was to create a "secure environment
where the chastity and dignity of women may once again be sacrosanct",[1] reportedly based
on Pashtunwali beliefs about living in purdah.[2]
Afghan women were forced to wear the burqa at all times in public, because, according to one
Taliban spokesman, "the face of a woman is a source of corruption" for men not related to them.[3] In
a systematic segregation sometimes referred to as gender apartheid, women were not allowed to
work, they were not allowed to be educated after the age of eight, and until then were permitted only
to study the Qur'an.[4]
Women seeking an education were forced to attend underground schools, where they and their
teachers risked execution if caught.[5][6] They were not allowed to be treated by male doctors unless
accompanied by a male chaperone, which led to illnesses remaining untreated. They faced
public flogging and execution for violations of the Taliban's laws.[7][8] The Taliban allowed and in some
cases encouraged marriage for girls under the age of 16. Amnesty International reported that 80% of
Afghan marriages were forced.[9]
Women in Kuwait are among the most emancipated women in the Middle East region. In 2014 and
2015, Kuwait was ranked first among Arab countries in the Global Gender Gap Report.[3][4][5] In 2013,
53% of Kuwaiti women participated in the labor force.[6] Kuwaiti women outnumber men in the
workforce.[7]
Women in Kuwait have experienced many changes since the discovery of oil. They have a long
history of official political and social activism which started in the 1960s and continues today. In the
1950s their access to education and employment increased dramatically.
The role of women in the Philippines (Filipino: Kababaihan sa Pilipinas) is explained based on the
context of Filipino culture, standards, and mindsets. The Philippines is described to be a nation of
strong women, who directly and indirectly run the family unit, businesses, government agencies
and haciendas.
Although they generally define themselves in the milieu of a male-dominated post-colonial
society, Filipino women live in a culture that is focused on the community, with the family as the main
unit of society, but not always as this is a stereotype. It is in this framework of Philippine hierarchical
structure, class differences, religious justifications, and living in a globally developing nation wherein
Filipino women struggle for respect. Compared to other parts of Southeast Asia, women in Philippine
society have always enjoyed a greater share of equality.[2][3]

B. GROUP ACTIVITY
1. Form a group to discuss the following:
a. The historical background of the letter of Jose Rizal to the women of
Malolos; and
b. The importance of an educated female population for a developing
industrialized country.
2. Present their findings to class.

LESSON:
A. INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES
1. Identify parallel events in Noli Me Tangere and El FIlibusterismo that are
still relevant to the situation of the Philippines at present.

Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo both describe the Philippine

society with its memorable characters. The melancholic fate of Maria
Clara, the insanity of Sisa, and the death of Simoun characterized the
country’s pitiful state, which was once beautiful, turned miserable.
Reading Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo will open one’s mind
about oppression and tyranny.

2. Write an essay to answer the following:

a. What is freedom?
 Freedom is something that allowing yourself to show the world
your entire being without having feeling the pressure of any expectations
on you. It’s about not allowing anyone to hinder you in anything that you
do. There is so much others expect of you, and so much you expect of
yourself. There are so many standards to uphold, so many people to
please, and such a big expectation on the life you should live. You have
to be happy, successful, rich, and charitable. You have to be kind,
committed, passionate and loving. And you have to be whatever
everyone wants you to be, including yourself. Freedom means being
unrestricted, as you can chose whatever you want to do whenever you
feel like doing it. And freedom means being able to let go of all the
baggage in the world, so you can take off and fly again

b. How is the lack of freedom portrayed in the novel?

In the novel, you can’t do the things that you want to do. You need
to follow the rules and regulations promulgated by the government or else
you will be punished severely. You must not act in accordance to your will
but the will of the Spaniards. You have no freedom of speech. And that is
why the Spaniards often called the Filipinos idiots for letting themselves
manipulated.

c. How is the situation in the novel different from the present time?
At present, the Filipino citizen is not restricted to the will of the
government. The Filipinos are now able to choose whatever they want,
such as who they want to marry, going to school, what degree they want
to pursue and many more provided that they must respect and be
understanding to the people around them. Also, the Filipinos are now
allowed to criticize the government if they feel like they are not receiving
the benefits that they deserve.

d. What is the role of the youth in the development of the future and
society?
Youth are not only the leaders of tomorrow, but also the partners of
today. Young people are social actors of change and progress. They are a
crucial segment of a nation's development. Their contribution, therefore, is
highly needed.
Youth always has been the key to any of the activities in the world
be it war, politics, construction works; you name it and youth has, is and
will have been involved.
 Proper guidance and direction can bring the youth in forefront of
national development. The young have passions, dreams and hopes.
They have bubbling enthusiasm which has to be regulated and utilized in
right way. This can surely ensure rapid national development. After all, all
the people can only exercise their full potential when they are young and
energetic.

B. GROUP ACTIVITIES (NOT APPLICABLE SINCE WE NEED THE

TEACHERS’ PARTICIPATION TO ANSWER ALL THE PROBLEMS GIVEN)
1. The teacher will write on cardboard/pieces of paper events from Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo. One group will get the cardboard on the Noli
Me Tanger, another group on the El FIlibusterismo. Arrange the cardboards
according to the chronology in the novels.
2. Review the different characters in both novels. Discuss in class what they
represent.
3. Compare and contrast the characters, plot, and theme of Noli Me Tanger and
El Filibusterimo based on the summary provided.

LESSON:
GROUP ACTIVITY:
1. Envision Philippine society as it was seen by the Spanish writers.
The Filipinos were industrious and hardworking, and the country was
prosperous. But after the Spaniards came into the country, the economic
activities decline because of different causes. During the Spanish regime, the
Filipinos did not work hard for themselves. They did not fought for their rights as
a human being and let the Spaniards take them for granted. But I guess, that is
to be expected because they lack power compared to the Spaniards. However,
thanks to some of the brave Filipinos who did not want the bad treatment f the
Spaniards, the Philippines gained their independence and freedom that they
deserve.

2. Identify one aspect (e.g., trade) of the Philippine society and discuss the change
that took place in this aspect going to the Spanish period.
The pre-Hispanic belief system of Filipinos consisted of a pantheon of
gods, spirits, creatures, and men that guarded the streams, fields, trees,
mountains, forests, and houses. Bathala, who created earth and man, was
superior to these other gods and spirits. Regular sacrifices and prayers were
offered to placate these deities and spirits--some of which were benevolent,
 some malevolent. Wood and metal images represented ancestral spirits, and no
distinction was made between the spirits and their physical symbol. Reward or
punishment after death was dependent upon behavior in this life. But, as of right
now, because of the influence of the Spaniards, most of the Filipino citizen are
Christians.

DYAD ACTIVITY:
Choose a specific aspect of Philippine Society. Create a table of description. In
one column, describe this during the ancient times. In the next column, describe what
happened to this aspect during the Spanish period. As a conclusion, analyze what
happened to the Filipino native during the Spanish period.

No. Aspect of Philippines Society during Aspect during the Spanish Period
the ancient times
1. Being industrious and hardworking - When the Spaniards took over, the
Before the arrival of Ferdinand economic activities of the country
Magellan, the Philippines was split into declined. The establishment of the
numerous barangays, which were not Galleon Trade cut off all previous
unlike the Greek city-states. These associations of the Philippines with
barangays warred, made peace, traded other countries in Asia and the Middle
and had relations with each other. In East. As a result, business was only
Mindanao, Islamic sultanates such as conducted with Spain through Mexico.
the Sultanate of Sulu and Because of this, the small businesses
Maguindanao, prospered. Also, the and handicraft industries that flourished
Kingdom of Maynila was trading with during the pre-Spanish period gradually
China and other nearby empires. disappeared.
2. Beliefs and religion - The pre- The Spaniard spread Christianity
Hispanic belief system of Filipinos among the citizens. Catholic must be
consisted of a pantheon of gods, the only religion in the country. If you
spirits, creatures, and men that were caught having a different religion,
guarded the streams, fields, trees, you will be punished.
mountains, forests, and houses.
Bathala, who created earth and man,
was superior to these other gods and
spirits. Regular sacrifices and prayers
were offered to placate these deities
and spirits--some of which were
benevolent, some malevolent. Wood
and metal images represented
ancestral spirits, and no distinction was
made between the spirits and their
physical symbol. Reward or
punishment after death was dependent
upon behavior in this life.

LESSON
INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITY:
1. Review the essay “On the Indolence of the Filipino People”.
2. Enumerate the changes demanded by the Filipino students in Spain mentioned
in both essays.
The changes demanded by the Filipino students in Spain are the
following:
 To change the education system because during that time, what
was being taught in the schools were repetitive prayers and other
things that could not be used by the students to lead the country to
progress. There were no courses in Agriculture, Industry, etc.,
which were badly needed by the Philippines during those times.
 To stop the ill treatment by the Spaniards and Priests to the
Filipinos.
 To lower the taxes imposed.
 To stop the corrupt governance.
3. Analyze how the individual demands will benefit the native Filipino. Cite one
demand which is still applicable to the Philippine situation at present. Cite on
concrete example of this situation in the Philippines in the present time.
Of course, by having these demand accepted by the Spaniards, it will help
the Filipinos to get back on their feet. They will be able to learn again how to
work and to have initiative. Also, it will lessen their burden and increase the
benefits that they will receive from their hard work. As of now, the government in
the Philippines is still full of corruption. But the good thing about it is that, it is not
as severe as before because the people are now more aware of their rights
especially to voice out there opinions and they have become more competent.

4. Write an essay about a sensible prediction on how the Philippines in terms of:
a. National unity
As of now, we live in a world where the competition is becoming more
and more severe. The current world is full of jealousy, insecurities, lack of
respect to others, greed, hate and many more. Some people are not
contented with their lives that is why they drag people down. While others,
can’t cope up in the current society, and because of that, some of them
divert into a wrong path. Becoming successful has never been easy, and
today, success does seem like a particularly high branched fruit to reach in
the face of all the competition. As a result, we see almost no one standing
together. And, furthermore, we seem to have forgotten the simple matter of
standing united. However, we must keep in mind that being united and
having team work will lead us to success in life.
As of right now, crimes in the Philippines such as corruption, rape,
murderer, trashes everywhere and many more are increasing. Also, terrorists
attack are always happening in the south. One of the reason why this is
happening is that, the citizen lack unity. Some of the people don’t rules that
the government imposed while others wanted to create their own rules which
is not ethical. Because of the lack of self-discipline by the Filipinos, the
consequences will not only burden them, but as well as to other people. Still,
try to imagine if the Filipinos are united. It will create peace, love and respect
among the citizens. It may be immaterial things but, it will bring a good
impact to the country as a whole.
In reality, it is very difficult to achieve national unity. Nevertheless, I do
believe that if we just have respect and love for the country, then it is not
impossible at all.
 b. Being neighbors with communist countries like China, North Korea, and
Russia
Communist state is a form of government that which position itself in
opposition to democracy and capitalism. It advocates a classless system in
which the means of production are owned communally and private property is
nonexistent or severely curtailed.
The Philippines compared to the communist countries such as China,
North Korea, and Russia is far behind in terms of military resources and the
technologies in the Philippines is not that great compared to China and Russia.
But, I can say as of right now that all though the Philippines lack good facilities,
the people here especially in the government are trying to make a change or
shall we say to make a difference. I do believe that the Philippines is not part of
the third world country anymore because the Philippines is developing through
out the passage of time.

EXERCISE 1:
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers in the space provided.
1. Get hold of several local or foreign newspapers/magazines.

2. Examine the pictures on the said newspapers/magazines.

3. Choose and clip a picture (preferably colored) which, seemingly, is not

related to Rizal but which best reminds you of him.
The person that I have choses which seemingly not related to Rizal but
which best remind me of him is Manny Pacquiao.

4. Paste the chosen picture on the page provided (the picture should be big
enough for your classmates to see from their seats in class).
5. Be ready to explain why you have chosen the said picture.

6. When called by your teacher, read your explanation to your classmates.

Manny Pacquiao is full of energy, always on the go, and quite hyperactive.
Life is in a constant motion for him and he devours it powerfully. He has great
ability to put thoughts into action, and there is no wait once he sets his mind on
something. Where others tend to think or dream, Manny already takes action
while radiating energy, enthusiasm, and livelihood around. Even though Manny is
not as smart as Rizal, Manny’s love for the country, his passion, family and other
people makes him somewhat similar to Rizal. Manny is a boxer and currently a
senator in the Philippines, he may not have a college degree like everybody else,
still he is using his power to influence everybody and to extend his hand to the
people in need. Also his love for the country is extraordinary. Just like Rizal, he
wants to make his country, the Philippines, a better place to live in.

7. Listen to your classmates’ explanation as they are called one by one by

your teacher.

8. Draw your conclusions. Are there similarities or dissimilarities? Explain

your answer.
The following are the similarities and dissimilarities from my presentation
to my classmates’ presentation:

Similarities:
 Love for the country – Most of their choses picture depicts love for
the country. Bing patriotic is actually good because it just shows
that you are willing to work with your fellow citizen and shows that
you are proud of being born in that country.
 Love to help other people – another similarity is that they love to
help people especially the one in need. It shows that they are not
just thinking of themselves. They want to share what they have so
that they may be able to spread happiness in other people’s faces.
 Hyperactive – This similarity means that they want to explore and
have fun. They want to experience, explore, and learn new things.
Dissimilarities:

 Educational Attainment – Most of my classmate’s presentation

finished there tertiary education.
 9. What do adolescents like you think of Dr. Rizal? Are these generally
positive or negative? Explain your answer.
Dr. Jose P. Rizal is not any other human. He is an achiever or shall we
say excel in everything that he do. Aside from making history, he also ignited the
flame in the hearts of Filipino so that they may realize their rights which then lead
to revolution and freedom. His love for the country is extraordinary. Also, Rizal
has always been a person that had virtue and love for God, his parents, and love
for the country. He also have certain traits that make you want to be like him
such as self-control, respect to other people, and being humble. So in
conclusion, the way I think about Rizal is generally positive.

10. Is Dr. Rizal an ideal role model for the Filipino youth? Explain your
answers.
I do believe that Rizal is an ideal role model for the Filipino youth because
of his attitudes and values and his good conduct towards other people. He knows
how to handle himself physically, emotionally and mentally. He knows how to
utilize his strengths and weaknesses. He also inspires Filipinos to be brave and
courageous despite your size or your color. Also, his love and respect for the
country and its people is extraordinary.

EXERCISE 2
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers in the space provided.
1. Give five different definition of the term “hero”.
 A person who is admired for their courage, outstanding achievements,
or noble qualities.
 A hero is someone, who has done something brave, new, or good, and
who is therefore greatly admired by a lot of people.
 The main male character in a book or film who is usually good.
 A hero is someone who gives of himself, often putting his own life at
great risk, for the greater good of others.
 A hero is any man or woman who refuses to live in an utterly passive
manner.

2. Give five different definition of the term “personality”

 The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's
distinctive character.
 A famous person, especially in entertainment or sports.
 The quality or fact of being a person as distinct from a thing or animal.
 A characteristic way of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
  It is defined as the characteristic set of behaviors, cognitions, and
emotional patterns that evolve from biological and environmental
factors.

3. Enumerate and discuss the different factors which influence the

development of an individual’s personality.
 Biological Factors
The biological factors include genetic, hereditary factors,
physical appearance and physique and rate of maturation.
The constitutional make-up—which is also largely determined
by heredity—influences a person’s personality characteristics and
influences his personality development in an indirect way. The children
reliably classified as active, moderately active or quiet are actually the
differences attributable to hereditary endowments, although training
and learning may produce noticeable modifications. Here, the
environment and culture provide a decisive role.
In physical appearance and physique, only thing to be pointed
out is that any deficiency in physical appearance or physique can be
compensated by other achievements made in the individual’s life.
The rate of maturing is another important factor in causing
striking variations at various ages at which the child reaches due to
chronological development. The differences in behavior is noticeable in
the relatively mature or immature adolescents of the same age.
 Cultural Factors
From the point of view of personality development the most
significant aspect of the individual’s world is his social environment. All
human beings live in a society, an interacting group of people and
each society has a distinctive culture, a body of stored knowledge,
characteristic way of thinking, feel-ing attitudes, goals, ideals and value
system.
Culture regulates our lives and influences the development of
personality at every turn, primarily by prescribing and limiting what he
will be required to acquire for the development of his personality. Such
culture expects and trains its members to behave in the ways that are
acceptable to the group. Each culture has its own concepts, needs and
specific techniques of child rearing as well as a set of expectations
regarding patterns of approved behavior.
 Family Influences
The ultimate aim of personality development is the development
of social behavior in children. Socialization is the process by which the
 individual infant acquires the behavioral potentialities and, eventually,
those behavior patterns that are customary and acceptable according
to the standards of his/her family and the social group. He/she starts
acquiring those patterns of social behavior from the immediate
environment and gradually from the wide range of extended
environments.

4. Give at last two specific examples of the different factors which have
influenced the shaping of Dr. Jose Rizal’s heroic personality.
 Family
First and the foremost factor that influences his personality
development is his family. Parent’s behavior and attitude, their
expectations from the child, their education and attention to the child,
influences the child’s personality. The type of experiences received
from family in early childhood will play an important role in the
development of personality. Economic and social condition of the
family will also influences a child’s personality.
 Cultural Factors
The cultural traditions, values accepted in a particular society
are the cultural environment. These factors influence development of
child’s personality.

5. Give at least two specific examples of the different factors which have
influenced the shaping of your personality.
The two different factors which have influenced the shaping of my
personality is the same as Jose P. Rizal, family and cultural factors.
6. Describe your own personality.
 I am kind, loving, and considerate to other people.
 I am able to control my emotional feelings.
 I am sometimes stubborn
 Perseverance
 I am confident with myself.
 I am open to experience and learn something new.
 In spite of fear of danger, discomfort, or pain have courage to carry on
a situation with a commitment, plan, or decision, knowing it is the right
or best course of action.

7. If the ideal Filipino citizen is described to be socially concerned,

productive, morally upright, and patriotic, like our National Hero Dr.
 Jose Rizal, how would you rate yourself in a scale of 1-10, with 1 as the
lowest and 10 as the highest?
If I would be given a chance to rate myself as a Filipino citizen who is
socially concerned, productive, morally upright, and patriotic, like our National
Hero Dr. Jose Rizal, I pick 7.5.
8. Do you see a need to improve your personality? Explain your answer.
When it comes to polishing your skills and improving your character,
the possibilities are endless. In 20 years of existence, I still see a need to
improve my personality for the very reason that my experience and learnings
right now is not enough to make me grow as a person. I do believe that the
more knowledge I gain and the more experiences I go through, the more
confident I’ll turn out to be in my approach to life. Also, I want to be in good
books of the people I either care about or people who could give me health
and wealth. Having a strong personality always helps in shaping my career,
building relationships, gaining trust, and attracting people.

9. If your answer to question number 8 is yes, what do you intend to do

about it?
 Becoming a good listener.
 Exceeding my limitations.
 Socializing or meeting with good people.
 Improving my leadership skills.
 I need to have a good presentation skills.
 I need to treat people with respect.
10. Which factors in personality development are within your control?
Explain your answers.
The factors in personality development that are within my control are
my family and the environment or culture. Unlike in hereditary, these are the
factors that I am born with. They are in my genes and there is not much I can
do to change these traits. On the other hand, the environment or culture and
the people I interact with every day such as my family, if I want to change my
customs, traits, or attitude, I could just go to a different place with a different
people and experience different culture..

Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:
I realized that: It is important for us to develop our own personality because the
benefits that we will acquire from it can greatly benefit us. It makes us a different or shall
we say a unique person in a good way. Also, I believe that by developing our own
personality, we can grow as a person and become confident to face the challenges
every day.

I resolve that: there are a lot of things that we need to improve within ourselves. Even
if you don’t have a great personality right now, you can acquire a better one by
considering what you can do to become more likable while, of course, always staying
true to yourself. Furthermore, I resolve that by developing our personality, we can
progress in our career and social life meaning, they’ll want to spend time with us, which
gets us more opportunities that will come knocking in our doors.

EXERCISE 3:
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers in the space provided.
1. Research and define the terms “fully functioning person” and “healthy
personality”.
a. Fully functional person – is one who is in touch with his or her deepest and
innermost feelings and desires. These individuals understand their own
emotions and place deep trust in their own instincts and urges. Unconditional
positive regard plays an essential role in becoming a fully functioning person.
b. Healthy personality – is a person who is confident in themselves, friendly,
considerate, emotionally stable, and high in positive emotion.
2. Enumerate and explain the characteristics of a fully functioning person.
The following are the characteristics of a fully functioning person:
 Openness to experience.
 Lack of defensiveness.
 The ability to interpret experiences accurately.
 A flexible self-concept and the ability to change through experience.
 The ability to trust one's experiences and form values based on those
experiences.
 Unconditional self-regard.
 The tendency to be open to new experiences.
 Does not feel the need to distort or deny experiences.
 Open to feedback and willing to make realistic changes.
 Lives in harmony with other people.
The abovementioned shows that if the person have all of these, meaning
he/ she understands their own emotions and they can perform efficiently and
effectively every day.
3. Compare a person with a healthy personality and a person with an
unhealthy personality.

No. Healthy personality Unhealthy personality

Open to feelings – they are They tend to keep their emotions to
1. able to experience and express themselves – they don’t want to share
their emotions. their problems.
Warm – they are friendly, Cold – not very friendly nor sociable to
2.
affectionate and can form close other people.
bonds with other people.
High in positive emotions – High in negative emotions – since they
they experience a lot of want to be alone and keep their
3. problems to themselves, it just means
happiness, love, and other
that they are prone to depression.
good feels regularly.
Straightforward – they're The use other people for granted.
4. genuine and not likely to
manipulate others.
5. Confident in themselves Insecure
Emotionally stable – they're They are not emotionally stable – they
generally not too depressed or are prone to depression or they get
anxious and aren't particularly angry to certain things easily.
6.
predisposed to getting angry or
responding negatively to
situations.
7. Fairly resilient to stress Has a stressful life.

4. Review the pictures in newspaper/magazine; choose a picture which could

symbolize the functioning of an individual with a healthy personality. Cut
and paste the picture on the page provided and explain why you chose it.

T
h
e

p
i
c
 ture given are the SBO or Student Body Organization of a certain school. I do
believe that they symbolize the functioning of an individual with a healthy
personality because becoming an SBO of an institution is no joke. You must be
prepared not just physically, but as well as emotionally and mentally. Also,
becoming a leader takes great responsibility. You must know how to form a bond
with other people, how to work efficiently and effectively, and how to help those
in need. And that is why I chose them because they took the responsibility with
honor and confidence in themselves.

5. Compare Dr. Rizal’s characteristics with the characteristics of a fully

functioning person. Did he have a healthy personality? Explain and support
your answers with specific examples.
Characteristics of a fully
No. Characteristics of Jose Rizal
functioning person
Rizal was a smart person. He was a good Openness to experience.
1.
writer, poet and doctor.
He might be handsome, sweet and Lack of defensiveness.
2. gentleman. History says he had a lot of
girlfriends who loved him.
He traveled to different places and every The ability to interpret
3. place he went, he talked about different experiences accurately.
women, beautiful women.
He wrote novels about abusive priests and A flexible self-concept and
4. suffering of women and children. the ability to change
through experience.
He wrote about friendships, love, The ability to trust one's
goodbyes, exiles and excommunication. experiences and form
5.
values based on those
experiences.
He maybe from a rich family, since he was Openness to experience.
6.
able to study abroad and travel.
He was famous about the use of pen Lack of defensiveness.
7.
instead of arms in fighting for freedom.
 I do believe that Dr. Jose Rizal has a healthy personality because of his
attitudes and values and his good conduct towards other people. He knows how
to handle himself physically, emotionally and mentally. He knows how to utilize
his strengths and weaknesses. He also inspires Filipinos to be brave and
courageous despite their sizes or color. Furthermore, He inspires fortunate
Filipinos to use their resources wisely so that they can prevent problems that will
occur in the future. Furthermore, he being called the national hero is totally worth
it!

6. Compare your own personality characteristic with the characteristics of a

fully functioning person. Do you have all the characteristics of a person
with a healthy personality? If your answer is no, what do you intend to do
about it.
Characteristics of a fully
No. My Characteristics
functioning person
I am kind, loving, and considerate to Openness to experience.
1.
other people.
I am able to control my emotional Lack of defensiveness.
2.
feelings.
I am sometimes stubborn The ability to interpret
3.
experiences accurately.
I am someone who continue trying to do A flexible self-concept and the
4. something even though it is difficult. ability to change through
experience.
I am confident with myself. The ability to trust one's
5. experiences and form values
based on those experiences.
I am open to experience and learn Openness to experience.
6.
something new.
In spite of fear of danger, discomfort, or Lack of defensiveness.
pain have courage to carry on a
7. situation with a commitment, plan, or
decision, knowing it is the right or best
course of action.
 I do believe that I am not a perfect person. I admit that I have a lot of
flaws. I sometimes hurt other people’s feelings but despite all of that, I still try to
correct my actions so that I can become a good person.
I need to understand myself more in order for me to become a fully
functioning person. I will ask advices from my family and friends or read books
about personality development so that I can build up my strengths and
acknowledge my weaknesses. Even as I continue to build upon my personal
strengths, I also need to work on taking or facing new challenges and
experiences I will grow as a person and gain new understandings about life and
people.

7. What are the beneficial effects if majority of Filipino citizen will be able to
develop a healthy personality?

A person who has a healthy personality knows how to control his/ her
emotions, knows how to be considerate and friendly to other people, a person
who able to express his/her feelings, they're genuine and not likely to manipulate
others, Confident in themselves, they're generally not too depressed or anxious
and aren't particularly predisposed to getting angry or responding negatively to
situations, and fairly resilient to stress. So, imagine if all of the Filipino citizen
acquire this characteristics, then we will have a society that is respectful to
others, they are not insecure with who they are and we will have a society that is
full of love and peace rather than hatred and jealousy.

Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:

I realized that: It is important for us to know the meaning of a healthy personality and a
fully functioning person so that we will know what are the things that we must improve
and what are the things that we must do in order for us to become a good Filipino
citizen. Also, by striving to have a healthy personality and to become a fully functioning
person, we will grow as a person, or shall we say we will become more mature, we will
learn new interesting things in life, and we will overcome the challenges that will come
in our way.

I resolve that: By having a healthy personality and becoming a fully functioning person,
we will become more competent, efficient, and effective which results to making the
people around us happy and making them acknowledge our own existence.
EXERCISE 4:
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers in the space provided.

1. Recall the enumerated healthy personality characteristics in Exercise 3

and list down the five most important healthy personality characteristics
in your opinion.

The following are the five most important healthy personality characteristics:

 Open to feelings – they are able to experience and express their

emotions.
 Warm – they are friendly, affectionate and can form close bonds with
other people.
 High in positive emotions – they experience a lot of happiness, love,
and other good feels regularly.
 Confident in themselves
 Emotionally stable – they're generally not too depressed or anxious
and aren't particularly predisposed to getting angry or responding
negatively to situations.

1. Of the five most important healthy characteristics in your list, identify

the primary healthy personality characteristics that must be developed
first, in order that the others could also be developed after it.

The primary healthy personality that must be developed first are the following:

 Open to feelings – they are able to experience and express their

emotions.
  Emotionally stable – they're generally not too depressed or anxious
and aren't particularly predisposed to getting angry or responding
negatively to situations.
2. Reason out and explain why the chosen primary healthy characteristic
could ensure the development of other healthy personality
characteristics.

Emotions and feelings are important to our life. They allow us to exist
and achieve the fullness of our personality by motivating us towards that
which is good. As a person, it is important for us to be able to handle our
emotions and know our strengths and weaknesses well so that we can
socialize or deal with other people appropriately. We must understand who
we are inside and accept the fact that we are born this way because this will
boost our self-esteem and be confident. Also, if we can control our emotions,
then we can prevent conflicts that will arise in the future.

3. State the relationship between the primary healthy characteristics and

the characteristics of an ideal Filipino citizen – socially concerned,
productive, morally upright, and patriotic.

The primary healthy characteristics deals with your inner self. It

focuses on handling your emotions well and knowing our strengths and
weaknesses so that we can socialize or deal with other people appropriately.
On the other hand, the characteristics of an ideal Filipino citizen deals with
the life of the people, being efficiently and effectively, knowing what are the
right conducts so that you can prevent misunderstanding, and being able to
show support and love for the country.

4. Trace the origin of the primary healthy characteristics that will enable an
individual to be an ideal Filipino citizen like Dr. Jose Rizal. Get clues
from the lyrics of the song “The Greatest Love of All.”

I believe that the origin of a primary healthy characteristics will begin in

our childhood. It will continue to develop depending on the environment
around us and what we see every day. Also, we will attain a healthy
characteristic when we grow up depending on the teachings and learnings
that we will acquire from the people around us such as our parents, family,
friends, school teachers, as well as famous influencers.
Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:

I realized that: As a human being, I do believe that we must have or practice self-
awareness. It is a trait or shall we say, our character that everyone can always improve
at. It includes emotional intelligence and critical thinking, meaning knowing your
weaknesses, strengths, and what are the things that motivate you.

I resolve that: The most wonderful thing about self-awareness is that its benefits reach
far beyond the individual. By motivating yourself, I believe that you will be able to also
sense the factors that motivate others and be able to use it in your own advantage.
Furthermore, by practicing self-awareness, you will become productive, competent,
efficient, and effective.

EXERCISE 5
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers on the space provided.

1. List down your strengths and weaknesses and explain how these
developed. Do these list at home, in the privacy of your room, or in any
quiet place.
Strengths:

 Patient  I am a hard worker person

 Goal-oriented  Being versatile
 Being considerate  I am a trustworthy person
 Being respectful
Weaknesses:

 I am shy especially if I am meeting or interacting with a person for the first

time.
 I sometimes procrastinate thus delaying my schedules.
 I am stubborn sometimes.
 I am unorganized sometimes.
All of the strengths and weaknesses listed above developed by the
influence of the people who I interact with every day (personally or in social
media) and of course by observing some of the people’s daily life.
2. Have the abovementioned list ready on the day set for this exercise on
developing a positive self-concept.
3. Choose a partner whom you are comfortable with, somebody whom you
feel you could trust.
The partner that I have chosen is Jonard B. Godoy.

4. Separate from your other classmates and start the exercise by saying to
your partner: “I choose you as my partner because you have a personality
different to mine and I think that by having you as my partner, we can do a good
job.”

5. Share each other’s strengths and weaknesses authentically. Be transparent

and try to show your real self to your chosen partner. Trace the roots of
your strengths and weaknesses. Let your partner trace the roots of her or
his strengths and weaknesses.

6. After 20-30 mins, stop your sharing. When called by your teacher, share
some of your experiences during the exercise to the other members of the
class. When your classmates are called to share their experiences during
the exercise, listen well.

7. Draw conclusions regarding your own experiences and your classmate’s

experiences. Write these in the space provided.

I learned through this activity that as a person, we have different

personalities, attitudes, characteristics, values, and traits, as well as strengths
and weaknesses. Also, we acquire our strengths and weaknesses depending on
our environment and who are the people that we interact with or see every day.
These people influences in our daily lives to do our best and exceed our limits.
By having this activity, it has made me realize that as an individual, it is
important to know your strengths and weaknesses so that you will know what are
the factors that you want to improve or change in your personality for you to
become a better person. Also, by knowing these, you will understand yourself
more thus making you feel confident to do your day to day activities.

8. What is the importance of having a positive self-concept?

When a person has a positive self-concept means he/she has a high self-
esteem, popularity, happiness, and competence. These feelings can often
motivate you to seek success in other parts of your life, such as money, health
and independence. Having, or developing, a positive self-image can help you
face, and tackle, the challenging parts of life, such as poor health, financial
 problems or even physical disability. The ability to achieve a positive self-image
is so important, in anyone’s life.

9. Give the relationship of a positive self-concept with the characteristics of

persons with a healthy personality and ideal Filipino citizens.

The relationship of a positive self-concept with the characteristics of

persons with a healthy personality and ideal Filipino citizens is that all of them
makes a better person or shall we say a person who is a good role model to the
society. They both make a person be confident to face the challenges that they
may encounter.

All of them produces a strong impact of how we feel ourselves and our
actions. How you react to life around you can affect those with whom you relate.
Just because one person throws some negative comments your way doesn’t
make them true. Being confident and having a trust in yourself will make people
more likely to see you as a positive, capable person thus becoming a good role
model to the society.

10. How can you apply to yourself these learnings gained from these exercise?

I can apply my learnings gained from these exercises to myself by firstly,

understanding myself more so that I will know what are the factors that I need to
change or improve. Second, asking for advices to other people so that I may
know if I am on the right track. And lastly, by taking action.

Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:

I realized that: we should know what are our strengths and weaknesses and how can
we apply this learnings into ourselves to become an ideal citizen.
I resolve that: we as a person has different personalities and attitude. Thus, it is
important to know your personalities so that you will be more confident with yourself and
will know how to use those personalities to good use.

EXERCISE 6
Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers on the space provided.
1. List down 5 values that you have learned or caught from your family/
parents. How were these values transmitted to you?

The following are the five values that I have caught from my parents:
 Family is of fundamental importance.
 Honesty is always the best policy and that trust has to be earned.
 Be considerate and always show respect to other people.
 Continually learning and growing both spiritually and intellectually.
 Being patient.

The values listed above were transmitted to me by the direct involvement

of my parents when I was a child. They taught me how to behave myself, by
lecturing me, and teaching the things that I needed to know so that I can do good
things to other people. I also caught some of my parent’s values by observing
them.

2. List down 5 Filipino subcultural/ cultural values that you have learned or
caught from your neighbors/schoolmates/ fellow Filipinos. How were these
values transmitted to you?

The following are the five values that I have caught from my
neighbors/schoolmates/ fellow Filipinos:
 Showing respect and consideration to others.
 Patriotism
 Being considerate with regards to the feelings of other people.
 Being late to social events.
 Being hospitable.
Some of the values listed above were transmitted to me by way of
interacting with other people such as my teachers, schoolmates and friends. On
the other hand, some of the values were transmitted to me by observing other
people’s way of life.

3. Examine critically the positive and negative implications of the

abovementioned values that you have learned/ caught from your family,
community, and Philippine society.

I do believe that our attitudes and values depends upon our surroundings
and the people that we interact every day. Those factors, influence us and mold
us into a person who we are right now.
The positive implication of the abovementioned values is that I will
become a good role model to other people. On the other hand, the negative
 implication is that I will cause unsatisfactory feedback from the people around
me.

4. List down at least 10 Rizalian values which you have to learn in order to
increase your chances of becoming a good Filipino citizen. Explain your
answers fully.

 Showing courage.  Being Humble

 Hardworking.  Being Honest
 Being efficient.  Initiative
 Showing love for country  Being passionate
 Showing respect and  Showing love for God
understanding to other
people

The values that are listed above are the following that I need to learn in
order to increase my chances of becoming a Filipino citizen. I do believe that
these are important because it shows how you have respect not just for yourself,
but as well as to other people. Also, by learning these values, I can influence
other people thus becoming a good role model to them.

5. Do values influence personality formation? Explain your answer and relate

these with the information of an ideal Filipino citizen.

I believe that values influence personality formation by our surroundings

and by our direct interaction with other people.

Our personality develop depending upon our environment and the people
who we interact daily. How those people treat us, and what we observe and
experience with them contribute to our personality development. So if we interact
with people who have good personalities and values, then we may be able to
adopt it and become a good role model. And that is why I do believe that values
influence personality formation.

6. Case Analysis: Base your analysis on parental/cultural and Rizalian values that
you have listed down and examined in numbers 1,2,3, and 4. Comment on the
following situations:
a. Maria sees nothing wrong with cheating during examinations.

b. Senator Luz thinks that senators and congressmen should not be given “Pork
Barrel Funds”. More than 100 congressmen think that they should be given
their full 570-million “Pork Barrel Funds” which they say they will use for the
development of their district/province/city.
 c. John believes that finishing college degree is not important.
d. Felipe believes that Filipino are inferior to Americans.

e. Don Placido’s yardstick for success is the size and number of bank accounts
that one keeps and the beauty and number of lovers that one has in his
“harem”.

Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:

I realized that: it is important to know what are the values the you have and how does it
affect your personality development.
I resolve that: by knowing your values, you can determine what is good from bad and
also you will know what are the things that you need to improve so that you can be an
ideal Filipino citizen.

EXERCISE 7. Focusing on Important Rizalian Traits and Virtues

Activity: Follow the instructions and write your answers on the space provided.

1. Listed below are some important traits and virtues of Dr. Jose P. Rizal.
 Love for God  Love for Justice
 Love for Parents  Love for Education
 Love for Country  Idealism
 Love for Fellowmen  Noble Conduct
 Love for the Environment/  Self-sacrifice
nature  Self-control
 Courage  Charity
 Initiative  Devotion of truth
 Courtesy and Politeness  Honesty
 Thrift  Humility
 Gratitude  Creativity
Cite particular occasions and events given in the book where Rizal showed,
manifested, or practiced the traits and virtues listed above.

Answer:
 Love for God – When his sister Olympia died after childbirth upon his arrival in
the Philippines from Europe in August 1887, Rizal remarked: "I console myself
saying that it was the will of God and what He does must be the best."
 Love for Parents – Rizal's great love for his parents was very admirable. His
concern over their sacrifices and his thoughtfulness are worth initiating. "I Beg My
Beloved Parents To Always Bless Their Son."
 Love for Country – Rizal dedicated his whole life securing freedom for his
country and happiness for his people, a devotion unparalleled in the history of his
country. "My mission," he told his former mentor at the Ateneo, Father Paula de
Sanchez, "is to make men worthy."
 Love for Fellowmen – Another great virtue of Rizal in conformity with what God
desires was his love for his fellowmen.
 Courage – Rizal's courage in loving his country is virtue that is very relevant
today. His moral courage to do only the best for his people is worth imitating by
our leaders. Rizal possessed the essential element of responsive leadership that
is attending to the needs of the people in order to keep their love and affection.
 Initiative – Initiative or self-direction is a person's readiness to think a line of
conduct and ability to carry it out on his own responsibility. Initiative is a virtue
needed in the progress of society. Like Rizal, he has the initiative to do what is
right and to defend his country from the abusive governance of the Castillians.
 Courtesy and Politeness – Courtesy is graceful and considerate behavior
toward others, it demands attention, politeness, refinement, and affability.
Politeness is a quality of being well-bred. Rizal is very considerate to other
people especially to his parents.
 Thrift – Thrift is a virtue of being economical in the use of material, money, time
and energy. Rizal practiced the habit of thrift when he was a student in Madrid,
Spain, he would have his shoes repaired instead of buying a new one. Now and
then he economized in food expenses.
 Gratitude – When a person shows gratefulness, he has a grateful nature. "He
that urges gratitude", wrote Seneca, pleads the cause of both God and men, for
without it we can neither be sociable nor religious.
 Love for Justice – JUSTICE is the moral habit by which a man gives to another
what is his due. A man with a good conscience finds joy in being just. Rizal
fought hard for justice not only for himself and his family but also for his people.
 Love for Education – Rizal is very intelligent. When he was 11 years old, Rizal
entered the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. He earned excellent marks in subjects
like philosophy, physics, chemistry, and natural history. Rizal eventually earned a
land surveyor’s and assessor’s degree from the Ateneo Municipal while taking up
Philosophy and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas.
  Idealism – Another virtue of Rizal worth emulating was his insistence on purity of
thoughts and clean behavior. Perfection in virtue is a condition of our union with
God.
 Noble Conduct – Another virtue of Rizal worth emulating was his insistence on
purity of thoughts and clean behavior. Perfection in virtue is a condition of our
union with God.
 Self-sacrifice – Another admirable virtue practiced by Rizal was abnegation or
self-denial. Self-denial is means giving up one's desire for a better cause, as
working for welfare of one's country. Self-denial implies self-sacrifice, love and
humility. Rizal sincerely believed that he was not the only man capable of leading
his people.
 Self-control – When a man can check his actions and feelings, he has self-
control. Rizal acts only in seeking what is good, depending on the intellect for its
data.
 Charity – It is the greatest of all the virtues because it inclines us to love God
above all things for His own sake, and our neighbors for the sake of God. "I Feel
Happy When I Can Give Joy to Somebody"
 Devotion of Truth – Rizal's constant search for truth in serving his country was
an inspiring virtue that endeared him to his people. Wanting to get at the cause of
his people's backwardness, Rizal made intensive studies and carried on
extensive observations on the progress of nations.
 Honesty – Integrity is the uprightness or a state of being of sound moral
principle. Rizal's honesty was the result of his constant love and search for the
truth. He possessed integrity to a high degree of excellence which every one of
us should imitate. The basic element of humility is the acceptance that whatever
we possessed we owe to God who has planned a duty for us.
 Humility – Rizal is humble. He does not boast his achievements to other people.
Instead he helps them especially the Filipino people in achieving independence.
 Creativity – Rizal’s way of expressing his creativity is through his works and
writings which is still used and read up to this day.

2. Examine carefully Dr. Rizal’s important traits and virtues, compare them with
your own traits and virtues, and decide if you would like them to be your role
model.
Rizal has always been a person that had virtue and love for God, his parents,
and love for the country. He also have certain traits that make you want to be like
him such as self-control, respect to other people, and being humble. And because of
that, it is important not only me, but as well as other people especially the youth to
make Jose P. Rizal a role model. We should be like him.
3. Is it important for an individual to have a role model? Explain your answer.

It is important for an individual to have a role model because it influence our

actions and motivate us to strive harder, uncover our true potentials and overcome
our weakness. Having them pushes us to make the most of our life. Also role models
are our guide to help us understand who we would like to be in the future.

Furthermore, having a good role model can help us increases or morale and
boost our confidence, to face the obstacles that we may encounter in the future thus
resulting to being successful in life.

4. What is the advantage of having Rizal as a role model? Will it increase

chances of becoming an ideal Filipino citizen and a successful professional?

Having a role model is good because it means that there is someone that we
look up to and there is someone that we want to be in the future. Dr. Jose P. Rizal is
not any other human. He is an achiever or shall we say excel in everything that he
do. Aside from making history, he also ignited the flame in the hearts of Filipino so
that they may realize their rights which then lead to revolution and freedom. So in
conclusion, if Rizal became or role model, it will increase chances of becoming an
ideal Filipino citizen and a successful professional.
5. Who is your personal hero? Does she/ he have Rizal’s traits and virtues?

My personal hero is my mom because she acts both as a father and mother
to us. She is our provider, protector, she teaches us good conduct, she gives us
things that we did not ask for and she is by our side when we need comfort in life.
She may not have super powers just like the super heroes in comic books, or as
clever as Dr. Jose P. Rizal, but still she possess some of their traits and virtues.

Integration: The space provided, write your answers after doing the activity. In two or
three statements, complete the following:

I realized that: We should have an inspiration or role model in life where their
experience and history would guide us in shaping ourselves to becoming a successful
individual.
I resolve that: Having a role model in life would help improve your daily living and will
have a big impact with in ourself. This role model would help us in achieving our goals
in life.