For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example 0 Athat — Bwhich © discover. Dwrote g Pregnancy — a time to forget Anecdotal reports (0) shat heavily-pregnant women are more (1)... have been ( up bya study that has found that the ability to memorise information drops significantly in the last three months of pregnancy. ‘The findings of the study were reported yesterday to the Society for Neuroscience annual meeting in ‘New Orleans by Dr Pamela Keenan, assistant professor of psychiatry at Wayne State University and Dedroit Medical Centre. Ina study into the “benign encephalopathy of pregnancy”, Dr Keenan (3)....... memory tests on 19 pregnant women and found that the ability to (4)....... information declined during pregnancy. Expressed in (8). Of the amount of information that could be remembered, it declined from 49 percent in the first trimester, to 47 percent in the second, to 39 percent in the third. Shortly, after birth the study partici- pants were able to recall 52 percent of the information, Tt was noted that after a period of approximately three months, the studied revealed that new mums’ ‘memories return to a relative (6)... of normality. Other studies have since been carried out on more subjects revealing more (7) mu evidence that pregnancy does indeed contribute to memory-loss. But, then again, there are also health (8)... (0 life with a bun in the oven resentful memorable forgetful oblivious backed suppressed assumed persevered cartied over cartied away cartied on carried out restore acknowledge allocate recall times terms conditions references state way behaviour situation heavy understandable concrete weighed advantages aid paths benefitsCambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 Reading LESTE ouestions 0-76] i For questions 9-16 read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word ‘an example at the beginning (0). Example: | o | CENTURY ‘ Early Calendars | | Dennis the Sma a 6th (0). €emtUry. expert on canon law, has had an enduring, it unsung, (9) mens On the affairs | | of the modern world It Ws (10)..n-ns--nne t0 his caleuations that the precise timing of the 2000th anniversary of Christ's bith was recently confirmed beyond (11) sons «Dionysus Exigis, 28 Ne W25 the (12)onnn-nonnns was charged in 525 by Pope John I with setting dates in the Christian calendar. Though he was a good mathematician, the accuracy of Dennis’ calculations was limited by the information (13). at the time a Establishing the exact (14)-—e-m-ewnn Of Christ's crucifixion — and therefore that of Easter — (25)enwmnnnmem an especialy diffcut challenge. Theologians had decreed that Easter should be marked on the Sunday after the first full as) after the vernal equinox, but without accurate solar and lunar calendars how could the church fathers pre f ct the dates in the future? emcee] For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of the text to form a ‘word that fits the space example: 9 difference i A Trip Back in Time Let's do the time warp and head back to 1973, What is the biggest (0) difference you notice between life now and 40 years ago? Probably nothing more starting than the men's (7) mnmnme . bouffant hairstyles. In terms of the (18) ‘and plaseare fered by. (ED) 4 Ute, 1979 Would provide @ soft landing for Milenrium Man, A trip back to 1973 would certainly not be a return to DIFFER RIDICULE CONVENIENT TECHNICAL the Dark Ages. That said in some ways, of course, 1973 does seem ike @ world away. In that year computer Pioneers like Apple's (20}.nn.n-nm-uve» Steve Jobs, were stil working out of garages and were FOUND entirely (21) nw t0 the public; DVD was a meaningless combination of letters, with know : (22)onnnnunernennee Home video recording nat set to appear for another two years. PRACTICE One of the less (23) developments in 1973 was ABS — one of the earliest consumer | SPECTACLE : a cof computer micro-processors, which the Intel company in the States ~ long before | APPLY it became a household name — had developed in 1970.Gy Reading _ ste For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using. the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 Mick will give you lots of excuses for being late but don't believe any of them, | matter I 1 No z Mick gives you for being late, don't believe any of them, ; Write only the missing words on the separate answer sheet, PGi [matter now many excuses 25. It's impossible to say how he will react to your news, telling mmm FAC 0 YOU NEWS, 26. He looks very similar to his brother. bears He annem, 1 his brother. 27. You are not the only person to fail this exam. alone oe ~ this exam. 28. We cantt promise that well be back in time a guarantee There = : nue Welll be back in time, 28. He was really jealous when he saw his brother's new car. green He was — see his brother's new car. 30. This new bar is much better than the old one. improvement This NeW Bat ane = the old one,‘Cambridge PROFICIENCY You are going to read an article concert the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. CPE Practice Test 2 1g the role of literature as an art form. For questions 31-36, choose itis my opinion that literature is at the same time and at ‘once the most intimate and the most articulate of all the art forms. It is impossible for it to impart its effect trough the senses or the nerves as can other forms of | art itis beautiful only through the inteligence of both the reader and writer, itis the mind speaking to the mind, ntl it has been put into absolute terms, of an invariable significance, it does not exist at all. I is able to awaken ‘one emotion in one person and a totally diferent emotion in another; if it fails to convey precisely the meaning of the author, if it isnt an expression of him or ber, it says nothing, and thus it is nothing. So that when a poet has put their heart and sou, more or less, into a poem, and has sold it to a magazine, the scandal is far greater than when a painter has sold a picture to a paying patron, or 2 sculplor has modelled a statue to order, or a photogra pher has produced a landscape photograph for a popular ‘magazine. These are artists less articulate and less int: mate than the scribe; they are more removed from the work they produce; they are often less personally involved in their work; they part with less of themselves. That Tennyson, Longfellow and Emerson sold their poems ‘and essays — works in which they had couched the most mystical messages their genius was charged to bequeath to mankind ~ does not, however, diminish the virtuosity of thelr achievements, They submitted to the conditions from which no. one can escape, which are nonetheless the conditions of hucksters because they are generally imposed upon poets and writers. fit will serve to make my mearing clearer, we will suppose that a poet has been crossed in Jove, or has suffered some bad fortune oF some real sorrow, like the loss of a wife or child. He pours out his broken heart in verse that shall bring tears of scared sympathy from his readers, and an editor pays him a hund’ed pounds for the right of bringing his verse to ther notice and for allowing them to print it in their pub Making a Living lcations. It is perfectly true that the real reason that the poem was written was not for the monetary benefit, but itis also perfectly true that it was sold for it. The poet is forced into using his emotions to pay his bills; ne has no other means of making a living; society does not pro- pose to pay Fs bills for him, after all, so what choice oes he really have? Yet, atthe end of the day, the unso: phisticated witness finds the transaction ridiculous, rep sive, and, to a great extent, exploitative. But deep down ‘they are perfectly aware that if our huckster civiisation ‘id not at every moment violate the relationships we undertake in the world, the poet's song wouldn't have been given to it, and the scribe wouldn't have been extolled by the whole of humarity, as any human should be who does the duty that every human owes it ‘The instinctive sense of the dishonour which money brings to art is so strong that sometimes men and women of letters able to pay their bils, to pay their way ‘through other means, refuse money for their work, as Lord Byron did, fram a noble conscience. But Byron's pub- lisher profited from a generosity which did not reach his readers; and the Countess Tolstoy collects the copyright royalties which her husband forgoes; so that these two instances of protest against business in literature may hardly be said to have shaken the world of commerce in literature to the core ofits money basis. | know of no others but there may be many that exist of whom am Culpebly ignorant. Sti, | would very much doubt i there are enough to affect the fact that literature has become business as well as art. At present, business is the only human solidarity; we are all bound together with that chain, whatever the interests, tastes and principles that otherwise separate us.Cambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 The author implies that writers Aare not sufficiently paid for their work. B. are incompetent in business. . profit against their wil D. are greedy ite 32, What does the author lament about Tennyson, Longfellow and Emerson? A. They wrote mystical poems. B. They had to sell their poetry and essays. . They were not appreciated in their time. D. They were prolific poets. 33. What does the author propose that writers and artists should do? A. Make the best of a bad situation. B. Attempt to induce society to change its values. C. Withhold their work until they gain recognition. D. Produce purely commercial, rather than original work, 34. What does the author say about creators accepting payment for their works of literature or art? A. The works of art can be justified in terms of society's wants and desires. B, They are part of the degeneration of the human condition, . They are writing and painting solely for monetary gain. , They share their life experiences with society. 35. According to the author what did Lord Byron do? ‘A. He didn’t financially gain from his literary pursuits. B. He combined literature with business. . He copyrighted his work to help his wife D, He became well-known in the business community. 36, The writer of the article seems to suggest that ‘A. writing literature is a good way to get rich quickly B. the integrity of works of literature is not greatly undermined by their commercialism. . literature is appreciated by businessmen and professionals generally. D. literature causes divisions amongst people.Cambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 You are going to read an extract from an article. Seven paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (37-43). There is one extra paragraph you do not need to use, Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. The power of vaccines For the world’s population, access to an injection-pro- gramme and general good health shouldn't be a matter (of the luck of the draw. Scientific advances have concen- trated on diseases more prevalent in richer countries and appear to have neglected the plight of the poor - espe- cially in third world countries - suffering from diseases that are routinely classified as easily preventable. Ea _— “The good news is that we can save these lives. Measles, polio, whooping cough, yellow fever — diseases that debi tate, distigure and kill millions of children can be prevent ed with existing vaccines. Parents in developing countries often walk miles, or pay high prices to get the precious shots. They know that their children need some vaccines that parents in developed countries take for granted ) When we first turned our attention to philanthropy, it seemed natural to extend technology to classrooms and Ibraries. Technology clearly can transform and empower its users. Bt our thinking erystalsed as we leaned of an even greater need = impoverished children stricken with preventable diseases. One man has already made a great difference in the world aL The power of vaccines — the most cost-effective media intervention ever Invented ~ asin their ably to pre vent rather than treat disease I's often the case that ti not unt we become parents that we fully appreciate the virtues of having a form of medical intervention that pro- tects before limbs go limp or hearts stop beating. Today vaccines save the lives of some 3 milion children each year ~ children who are fortunate enough to have been born in countries with effective health systems, adequate vaccination supplies and trained health personnel gag od) Access to safe, effective vaccines to such diseases should not be dictated by circumstance, That is why a commit- iment vas made by the Global Fund for Chidren's Vaccines a year ago, The goal ofthe Global Fund, and the partners of the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Imnmurisation, isto ensure that every child has access to Mesaving vaccines. An estimated 6 billion pounds over the next five years will cover the cost of fully immunising children in developing countries ca 7 aa In the 1970s only 59% of the world's children could expect to be fully immunised. Today, thanks to these “rich” nations, alongside the work of coundess dedicated health professionals worldwide, we can envision a time ‘when 70,80, and finally 100 percent of children are pro~ tected, And ata cost of 10 t0 15 pounds per child, vac- ines are a small investment fora very big return. The dedication of resources to speed the discovery of ew vaccines must also be a priority. Scientists and organisations like the International AIDs Vaccination Initiative are currently working to develop vaccines for the top three Killer diseases ADs, Malaria, and tuber- cculosis. If they find them, perhaps the more daunting challenge wil be to distribute them to those who need them most. gg) Gandhi once said that for him the Golden Rule meant that he could not enjoy things denied to other people. We should strive to ensure that health and freedom from these terrible diseases is something that no parent is denied. iCPE Practice Test 2 A But even the greatest of parental effort car't help if the vaccines aren't available. In the past it has taken up to 15 years for newly developed vaccines ~ Including the relatively recent hepatitis B vaccine to become available in poor countries. Those delays are measured in childhood fatalities. Our challenge is to provide every child, regardless of ‘where they live or their family’s economic status with access to lifesaving vaccines B ‘There has also been a concerted effort by govern- ments and other organisations to raise sufficient funds to save children's lives through immunisation, Some governments should be applauded for their active support and substantial donations to the c ‘The new philanthropy blends 1960s social con- sciousness with the present financial model. So far donations have topped eight and a half milion pounds to help inoculate children in India against the three major killer childhood diseases. D Dr. Jonas Salk changed the world when he announced the discovery of the polio vaccine. His ‘work started a vaccine revolution, and, as a result, millions of children have escaped the disease’s crip- pling and often fatal effects. The last reported case of wild polio in the Western Hemisphere was in 1991. Who would have dreamt back in 1953 that within a generation ~ our generation - we would see polio almost eradicated from the face of the earth? E Vaccines cannot work their magic without a global effort. Parents, world leaders, and foundations can and should work together because we all want the same thing for our children, and this is something ‘that great humanitarian leaders have been aware of for a very long time. F Whether they live in Bangladesh, Botswana or Seattle, all parents wane the best for their children, Providing a healthy startin life and through child- hood is a priority for every family. Yet for all the amazing advances we have made so far in medi= cine, there are stil far too many children who don't have access to even the most basic healtheare. More than 2 million die each year from vaccine- preventable diseases. This i a staggering statistic — a tragic reality we have ignored for too long, It is sglobal news when an airline crashes, but rarely ‘newsworthy that 228 children die from preventable illnesses every hour of every day. I's time to move this issue of immunisation to the top of our global agenda. G But there is more to do. First we need to redouble our efforts to introduce newer vaccines more quickly. It is heart-wrenching and unacceptable that children in the developing world may have to wait a decade or more to receive vaccines that are already saving lives in richer countries. a Yet tens of millions of people do not share in these benefits because of what they can afford or where they live. World-wide, more than | billion people live on less than SOp a day. Lack of safe water, poor sanitation and meagre food supplies are part of the -grim reality oftheir daily lives. Their children weak- ened by malnutrition, and parasitic infections, are susceptible to childhood killers ~ whopping cough, ‘measles and meningitisIn which section is the following mentioned? ‘an important indian figure using the raitway station for a meeting about the nation the cutting up of land two countries doing the same thing with their raitway networks at the same time 4 characteristic of a nation’s rail system that is likened toa similar trait of the nation itself the using of tndian workers to build railways in other countries 4 totaly new nation of the time the railway playing a port in violence the railway as a place on which to write messages @ physical feature of the currency of india the railway wasn’t built to be used as @ tool for creating a nation Pad 45 47 48Cambridge PROFICIENCY Nationing India through the Railway Within Raja Rao’s Kanthapura, the railway is present in its supporting interactions between the village and the city, and the Congress Party and their village supporters, in delivering newspapers and directions of ‘ations to take in the anti-imperial and nationalist movement. Notions of the railway delivering messages of anti- olonial sentiment can be found in it presenting a surface which is translatable as a canvas in nationalistic graffiti, ‘As Kurt Iveson suggests in relation to the railway in Australia, ‘ifthe train’ that carries graffiti ‘uns’ with the tag Tor messagel still on it, this gives the writer [or a movement] more recognition.’ So, the railway can be seen to ‘pen the possibility of literally carrying intentions towards nationhood on its very surface. The railway, of course, ‘vas not built by the British with intentions towards independence, but can be seen to introduce a particular framework that comes to be appropriated in the movements towards nationhood, Not only can the railway be seen as a mobiliser of nationhood, but conterminausly as a mobiliser of capitalism, As lan Kerr suggests in Building the Railways of the Raj, the building ofthe railway in tndia introduced the framework of contractual employment - ofthe labour market - and, the knowledge of the saleabilty ofthat labour, arguably, lays the foundations for unions, The Congress Party and ultimately inde- pendence. Independence and the conceiving of the hation internationally can be further perceived in the participation of Indian construction workers in the building of ritways throughout Africa. The knowledge ofthe saleabilty of labour internationally anticipates the falling of borders through globalisation before their construction, As Barrack Obama arrives at the old Nairobi train station in the post aspect of colonialism, he writes upon a railway line that had taken ‘the lives of several hundred imported Indian workers’ for the ‘line of track that helped usher in Kenya’s colonial his- tory’, inferring an interconnectivity within the Empire, and an interconnectivty within the constructing of rail ‘ways and, furthermore, how that ‘colonial history’ relied upon the introduction of the railway. CG] In Deepa Mehta’s film, Water Chuyia is a child widow, in an institution for women whose hus- bands have died, After living inthis institution and ‘witnessing the curtailing of happiness and freedom, she is taken to the railway station. Gandhi is reported to have been released from prison and is rumoured to be holding one of his ‘prayer meetings’ in the station. ‘As Chuyia is carried to the station, the procession of, people heading towards Gandhi has a slowness and a reverence similar to pilgrims entering a temple in anticipation of witnessing a god. Indeed, in post-colo- nial India, Gandhi's face is printed on the national cur- rency of India, and he is referred to as the “father of the nation.’ The holding ofa politico-religious meeting, inthe eailway station further supports the proposition thatthe railway played a key role in nation building and independence. The final shot of the train proceed ing into the future carrying the child-widow, Narayan the Gandhiist, and Gandhi himself invokes a positivist sense of ‘inevitability’ of ‘progression’ and nationhood. The scene set in the railway station in Deepa Mehta's Earth focuses upon Ice Candy Man crouching on a platform at Lahore railway station amongst others waiting forthe train to arrive from the recently split Punjab, and the newly partitioned India. In breaking away from the British, the land and the railway is being reclaimed and rewritten ‘upon; the process of cracking is entered into, revealing gaps and lapses in time and memory. [As the train arrives twelve hours late, an uncanny silence draws up next to it; a silence that is echoed with the arrival of the ‘ghost train’ of Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan. In Earth, those waiting for the arrival of the train expect to meet family ‘members and the one-day-old citizens of the newly formed nation of Pakistan; instead, the tunnervingly silent cariages divulge death and dis- memberment. The communicative aspect of the railway network becomes traumaticaly fulilled; the railway caries the conflicting messages of renewal and relief, and bloodshed and war. The men are described as having been butchered and the women as having been dismembered with the ‘members filing gunny sacks. The witnessing of divided bodies echoes the land that has itself had incisions made upon it. E | Arriving in india in 1947, the train indeed shows its availability to both the colony and the nation, With its origins lying beyond the border of independence, and with its route having taken a course through the violent bordering in partition, the railway can be seen to have participated in nar- ratives that have also been plastered on its tracks. In this, the railway network, once again, comes to inhabit a position of ambivalence; it balances pre- cariously upon colonial narratives, partition narra- tives and post-colonial narratives without retaining. fa secure position in any. Its in this ambivalence that one can read the railway as analogous to the nation. if the railway network can be seen as con: tributing to movements towards nationhood, and, perhaps, even directly supporting nationhood, then the nationalising of the railway after the Second World War in both India and Britain demonstrates how important the railway was regarded in relation to the nation and, indeed, to power at that time.CPE Practice Test 2 Write an essay summarising and evaluating the key points from both texts. Use your own words throughout as far as possible, and include your own ideas in your answers. ‘Write your answer in 240-280 words. 1 —— | Fairtrade or not fair trade With so many products now bearing the logo “fairtrade” and with those companies stl seeming to make huge profits, i's difcule to believe that they are giving all they can. Its also the case that “faierade” has become a brand name that needs to promote itself for the sake of its own sur- | vival rather than the farmers it is meant to be supporting. The “fair- | ' trade” association can only retain the public's respect if it is the boss of companies joining the bandwagon not the other way round. Fairtrade is the only hope for some farmers The success the “fairtrade” association has seen of late is causing some to raise their eyebrows. It’s strange that when an organisation is little-known yet fighting hard, people like it, but when this little- known organisation begins to realise some of its goals, those same supporters turn away. It’s true the “fairtrade” association hasn’t achieved what it set out to, but it has not by a long shot given up. Those who are losing respect for the association because of its sud- den success need to rethink who they are really turning their backs on: the poor farmers producing chocolate and coffee for a pittance Write your essay.‘Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 280-320 words in an appropriate style CPE Practice Test 2 Writing, con the separate answer sheet. Put the question number in the hox at the top of the answer sheet. . The library in your town or college is going to be expanded. Write a letter to the Planning Committee. Explain how you think the present facilities could be improved and suggest some new services that the library could provide. Write your letter. You have just completed a one-week practical training course paid for by your employers. Write the report required by your employers, describing the course content and its usefulness, and saying whether you would recommend it for other members of staff. Write your report. - You are a member of a group which is seeking to improve the quality of life for elderly people in your neighbourhood. Write an article for the local newspaper explaining the aims of your group, how people can join it, and what they can do to help. Write your article.Cambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 Listening qt ‘You will hear three different extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, or C) which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each extract. EXTRACT 1 EXTRACT 3 You hear a psychologist talking about dreams You will hear a sociologist talking about how one con improve one's social skis. 1. According to new research f A. i's hard to tell if we are awake or deeming 5. In order to keep « conversation going you should sometimes. ‘A, pay atfention to the person specking fo you. B. dreams usually tellus what we really wont B. not appear too relaxed from if, . ook the person in the eyes until they look away. €. dreams illsirote what is happening in our life : 6. Which of the following shouldnt you do? i 2. How are women's dreams different to men's? [A. Talk about your children too much. r |A, Women naver dream about strangers. B. Ask personel questions ‘8. Women usually know the people in their dreams. C. Give oral prompis to show you are listening . Women become very emotional after 0 dream. EXTRACT 2 You hear a radio presenter talking 10 a doctor. 4, Sufferers of 800 A. ore usually cured by having cosmetic surgery. B. are always bulied at school €. don't always believe that only one part of their body is ugly i sCambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 ‘You will hear a radio report about how to develop your brain. For questions 7-15 complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ‘Martin Clark reports that There are about BEBE] euros in the bin Oe ee | ee Phrenologists of the 19th century believed different parts of the brain controlled one's gE The connections made between neurons is compared to somebody's by not using our entire brain, The creative part ofthe brain is in the EBB section The right back part ofthe bran contol . | The four areas of the brain are compared to | that need to be used. The left back part of your brain is essential for people who need to exercise BT in tee ortCambridge PROFICIENCY CPE Practice Test 2 Listening [ Caaeremroeet ome entertoinment. ‘A. Is not recommended for people with addictions. 17 One ofthe tings bout hypnosis tha €.s otherns's mos power 0 | of thelr lives. perceive you | B. people regularly come out ofthe tronce premature €. people usvaly fall asleep for a short arnaunt of time . people sometimes resist coming out of a trance. } Questions 21-30 ‘You will hear five short extracts in which different people are talking about reading. ‘You will hear the recording twice. While you listen, you must complete both tasks. ‘TASK ONE For questions 21-25, choose from the list (A-H) what each speaker is speaking about. A plays Speaker 1 B research journals i z C novels, Speaker 2 i D encyclopaeias a \ E poetry - = Speaker 4 G insiruction booklets a H newspapers TASK TWO For questions 26-30, choose from the list (A-H) which main purpose reading serves for each speaker. ‘A to inform for a specific reason Speaker 1 B to learn about different countries C to find out about gossip Speaker 2 D asalast resort Speaker 3 E to appreciate the often overlooked details in the world F to escape from reality Speaker 4 G to broaden the mind Speaker 5 H to relax