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Mat 203 PDF

(1) This document lists several useful formulas for integrating trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. (2) The formulas provide reduction formulas that express the integral of various powers of trigonometric functions in terms of integrals of lower powers. (3) Nine formulas are presented for integrals involving cosine, sine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant, and combinations of sine and cosine.

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Ras Danny
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119 views

Mat 203 PDF

(1) This document lists several useful formulas for integrating trigonometric and inverse trigonometric functions. (2) The formulas provide reduction formulas that express the integral of various powers of trigonometric functions in terms of integrals of lower powers. (3) Nine formulas are presented for integrals involving cosine, sine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant, and combinations of sine and cosine.

Uploaded by

Ras Danny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOME USEFUL REDUCTION FORMULAS

MATH 1352

n−1
Z Z
1
(1) cos (x) dx = cosn−1 (x) sin(x) +
n
cosn−2 (x) dx
n n

n−1
Z Z
1
(2) n
sin (x) dx = − sinn−1 (x) cos(x) + sinn−2 (x) dx
n n

Z Z
n 1
(3) tan (x) dx = tann−1 (x) − tann−2 (x) dx
n−1

Z Z
n 1
(4) cot (x) dx = − cotn−1 (x) − cotn−2 (x) dx
n−1

n−2
Z Z
n 1
(5) sec (x) dx = secn−2 (x) tan(x) + secn−2 (x) dx
n−1 n−1

n−2
Z Z
n 1
(6) csc (x) dx = − cscn−2 (x) cot(x) + cscn−2 (x) dx
n−1 n−1

Z
(7) sinp (x) cosq (x) dx
q−1
Z
1
= sinp+1 (x) cosq−1 (x) + sinp (x) cosq−2 (x) dx
p+q p+q

(8)
p−1
Z
1
=− sinp−1 (x) cosq+1 (x) + sinp−2 (x) cosq (x) dx
p+q p+q

2n − 1
Z Z
1 1 x 1
(9) 2 2 n+1
dx = 2 2 2 n
+ dx
(a + x ) 2na (x + a ) 2na2 (x2 + a2 )n
1

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