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Diff and Integral Calculus

The document provides information on limits, differentiation, and integration in calculus. It lists 20 results on limits, including common limits like limits approaching 0 of sinx, cosx, ex-1, etc. It then defines differentiation as the limit of the difference quotient and provides 25 results on finding derivatives of various functions. Finally, it defines the indefinite integral and lists 35 integration rules for finding antiderivatives of functions.

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115 views

Diff and Integral Calculus

The document provides information on limits, differentiation, and integration in calculus. It lists 20 results on limits, including common limits like limits approaching 0 of sinx, cosx, ex-1, etc. It then defines differentiation as the limit of the difference quotient and provides 25 results on finding derivatives of various functions. Finally, it defines the indefinite integral and lists 35 integration rules for finding antiderivatives of functions.

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DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

LIMITS:
Existence of limit Lt f(x) = Lt f(x) = Lt f(x) = f(c)
x→c- x→c+ x→c
[ LHL] [RHL]

RESULTS ON LIMITS:

(1) Lt f(x) = k, where f(x) = k, ∀x. (11) Lt log (1+x) = 1.


x→c x→0 x
(2) Lt xn-an = nan-1, (a ≠0). (12) Lt log x = 0, ∀ m>0.
x→a x-a x→∞ xm
(3) Lt cosx = 1. (13) Lt sinβx = β/α , (α ≠ 0).
x→0 x→0 sinαx
(4) Lt sinx = 1. (14) Lt (1+x)1/x = e.
x→0 x x→0
(5) Lt sinx = 0. (15) Lt (1+ λx)1/x = eλ .
x→∞ x x→0
(6) Lt cosx =0 (16) Lt (1+ 1/x)x = e.
x→0 x x→∞
(7) Lt tanx = 1. (17) Lt (1+ λ/x)x = eλ.
x→0 x x→∞
(8) Lt ex – 1 =1 (18) Lt x1/x =1.
x→0 x x→∞
(9) Lt ax – 1 = log a. (19) Lt x does not exist.
x→0 x x→0 x
(10) Lt ax – bx = log a / b. (20) Lt e1/x -1 does not exist.
x→0 x x→0 e1/x +1

Differentiation_integration - 1! -
DEFINITION FOR DIFFERENTIATION:
dy / dx = f ʹ(x) = Lt f(x + Δx)-f(x)
Δx→0 Δx
Note: Derivative or slope or gradient of y =f(x) is dy/dx or f ʹ(x) or yʹ or y1.

RESULTS:
(1) If y = c, then yʹ = 0. (13) If y = cotx, then y ʹ = -cosec2x
(2) If y = x , then yʹ = nxn-1.
n (14) If y = secx, then y ʹ = secxtanx.
(3) If y = x, then yʹ = 1. (15) If y = cosecx, then y ʹ = -cosecxcotx.
(4) If y = 1/x, then yʹ =-1/x2. (16) If y = sin-1x, then y ʹ = 1/√1-x2..
(5) If y = √x, then yʹ = 1/(2√x ). (17) If y = cos-1x, then y ʹ = -1/√1-x2.
(6) If y = ex, then yʹ = ex. (18) If y = tan-1x, then y ʹ = 1/1+x2.
(7) If y = ax, then yʹ = ax(log a). (19) If y = cot-1x, then y ʹ = -1/1+x2.
(8) If y = logx, then yʹ = 1/x . (20) If y = sec-1x, then y ʹ = 1/x√x2-1 .
(9) If y = logea, then yʹ = logae /x . (21) If y = cosec-1x, then y ʹ = -1/x√x2-1 .
(10) If y = sinx, then yʹ = cosx . (22) If y = cf(x), then y ʹ = cf ʹ (x)
(11) If y = cosx, then y ʹ = -sinx. (23) If y = u ± v,then y ʹ = du/dx ± dv/dx.
(12) If y = tanx, then y ʹ = sec2x. (24) If y = uv, then y ʹ = u(dv/dx) ± v(du/dx).

(25) If y = u/v,then y ʹ = [v(du/dx) - u(dv/dx)/ v2

Differentiation_integration - 2! -
INTEGRAL CALCULUS
DEFINITION:
∫f(x) dx = F(x) [Indefinite integral]
Where f(x) is called Integrand, x in dx is called variable of integration or integrator
RESULTS:
(1) ∫ xn dx = xn+1 + c. (19) ∫ 1/(ax+b)dx = log(ax+b)/a + c.

n+1 (20) ∫ sin(ax+b) dx = -cos(ax+b)/a + c.

(2) ∫ k dx = kx + c. (21) ∫ cos(ax+b)dx = sin(ax+b)/a + c.

(3) ∫ 1/x dx = logx + c. (22) ∫ sec2(ax+b)dx = tan(ax +b)/a + c.

(4) ∫ 1/ x2 dx = -1/x + c. (23) ∫ cosec2(ax+b)dx = -cot(ax+b)/a +c.

(5) ∫ 1/√x dx = 2√x + c. (24) ∫ sec(ax+b)tan(ax+b)dx = sec(ax+b)/a + c.


(6) ∫ e dx
x = e x + c. (25) ∫ cosec(ax+b)cot(ax+b)dx = -cosec(ax+b)/a + c.

(7) ∫ a dx
x = a / logea + cx.
x (26) ∫dx/√1-(ax)2 = sin-1(ax)/a + c.

(8) ∫ sinx dx = -cosx + c (27) ∫dx/(a2+x2) = 1/a tan-1x/a + c

(9) ∫ cosx dx = sinx+c (28) ∫dx/(a2-x2) = 1/2a log(a+x)/(a-x) + c.

(10) ∫ sec2x dx = tanx + c. (29) ∫dx/(x2-a2) = 1/2a log(x-a)/(x+a) + c.

(11) ∫ cosec2x dx = -cotx + c. (30) ∫dx /√a2 + x2 = log(x + √x2 + a2) + c.

(12) ∫ secxtanx dx = secx + c. (31) ∫dx/√a2 - x2 = sin-1x/a +c.

(13) ∫ cosecxcotx dx = -cosecx + c. (32) ∫dx/√x2 -a2 = log(x + √x2 - a2 ) + c.

(14) ∫ 1/√1-x2 dx = sin-1x + c. (33) ∫√a2 + x2 dx = x/2√a2 + x2 ) + a2/2 log(x + √a2 + x2) + c.

(15) ∫ 1/x√x2-1 dx = sec-1x + c. (34) ∫√a2 - x2 dx = x/2√a2 - x2 ) + a2/2 sin-1x/a + c.


(16) ∫ 1/1+x2dx =tan-1x + c. (35) ∫√x2 - a2 dx = x/2√x2 - a2 ) - a2/2 log(x + √x2 - a2) + c.

(17) ∫(ax+b)ndx =(ax+b)n+1/a(n+1)+ c. .


(18) ∫ e(ax +b) dx = e (ax +b) /a + c.

Differentiation_integration - 3! -

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