WORKBOOK Ce ee era) Pee ena!Contents _ Module 1 pace Module 4 PAGE Vocabulary: What does globalisation mean for us? 4 Vocabulary: Body and spirit 25 Pronunciation: Three varieties of English 5 Grammar: Adjectives and adverbs 26 Grammar: Continuous verb forms 6 Pronunciation: Stress in longer words 28 Patterns to notice: Patterns to notice: Introducing points in an argument 7 Comparative and superlative adjectives 28 Listen and read: Is English Conquering the World? 8 Listen and read: The Quest for Immortality 29 Wordspot: world, earth, ground, floor 9 — Wordspot: Idioms to do with the body 30 Do you remember? 10 Check your writing: Confusing spellings 31 Do you remember? 32 Module 2 Vocabulary: How would you feel? "W Module 5 Grammar: Perfect verb forms 12 Vocabulary: Education 33 Patterns to notice: Cleft sentences 13 Patterns to notice: Pronunciation: Particles which add meaning to verbs 34 How sentence stress changes meaning 14 Pronunciation: Listen and read: Limericks 14 Different pronunciations of-ch, -gh,-th and-ss 34 Wordspot: Idioms with Jaugh, cry and tears «16 Grammar: Passive forms 35 Check your writing: Linking words and phrases (1) 16 sten and read: From a Distance 37 Do you remember? 17 Wordspot: way 38 Check your writing: Linking words and phrases (2) 38 Do you remember? 39 Module 3 Vocabulary: The right way to behave 18 | Grammar: Modals 20 i Pronunciation: Rhyming sounds 21 | Patterns to notice: Abstract nouns followed by relative clauses 21 Listen and read: Nosey Questions 22 ‘Check your writing: Punctuation 23 Do you remember? 24Module 6 race Module 9 PAGE Vocabulary: Double your money 40 Vocabulary: Pronunciation: Diphthongs a How technology will change our lifestyle 64 Grammar: Time and tense 41 Grammar: Future forms 66 Patterns to notice: Patterns to notice: Describing trends 67 Inversion with negative adverbials 43 Listen and read: Listen and read: 25 Signs You Live in the 21st Century, 68 Superrich Stop Spoiling Their Kids 44 Wordspot: weil 69 Check your writing: Punctuation, symbols and Pronunciation: Intonations in interjections 70 abbreviations used with statistics 46 Check your writing: Introductory phrases 70 Do you remember? 47 Do you remember? nV Module 10 Module 7 cattary: whens it Ot ie? 2 Vocabulary: Living together 48 Patterns to notice: Patterns with as... as + verb 73 Describing typical habits 49 Grammar: Noun phrases 3 Grammar: infiitives and--ing forms 49 Pronunciation: Pronunciation: Linking words 52 Weak and strong pronunciation of pronouns 75 Patterns to notice: Listen and read: Believe it or not 76 a lack of ..., a tendency to ..., etc. 52 Check your writing: Spelling 7 Listen and read: Daggers Drawn 53 Do your remember? 78 Check your writing: Linking words and phrases (3) 54 Wordspot: just 54 Pronunciation table "9 Do you remember? 55 Answer key 80 Module 8 _ Vocabulary: What's your style? 56 Patterns to notice ‘Adding emphasis with auxliaries 58 Grammar: Adverbs 58 Listen and read: extract from a biography of Nicole Kidman 60 Wordspot: look, sound, fel, taste 61 Pronunciation: Silent letters 62 Check your writing: Unusual punctuation 62 Do you remember? 63module 1 Vocabulary What does globalisation mean for us? a) Write the correct word or phrase next to the definition ‘ber’ multiethnic goods domestic clash mass non-native speaker chain” way of life worldwide corporation network. standard of living immigration rtd ene (noun) a type of product made bya particular company ¢noun phrase) how you live in 2 terms of money, accommodation, consumer products, ete 3 .-.s (noun phrase) people's customs, habits, etc. 4 . (noun) a set of shops / hotels / restaurants which are all similar and are owned by the same organisation 5 (noun) a group of companies forming a single, large organisation (noun) an argument or fight 6 between two or more groups of people with diferent ‘ideas / values . (adjective) happening / produced in a single country sees (noun) things that are produced in order to be sold 9 cessssnnseerssenennne (NOUR) a system of wires, roads or electronic connections that intersect and are connected to each other 8 10. covntsennes (adjective) involving a very large number of people u (noun phrase) someone who hhas learned a particular language as a foreign language, rather than as their native tongue IB sensi (noun) the process of entering another country in order to live there 3 snnnnnnnnee (adjective) having a variety of diferent races and nationalities “4 (adjective) appearing or occurring everywhere in the world b) Write one of the words or phrases in the gap to make a common phrase. 1 fast-food fain. 2. best-selling drinks 3 a simpler 4 sen Socdety S sent of cultures 6 arail... 7 electrical. 8a multinational 9 ovo powCY 10a of English 11 gross .. product (= GDP) 12 high 3 ‘emigration Ma . phenomenon a) Match the words in column A to a word or phrase from column B which has the same meaning. A B 1 majestic: difficult to find 2 flock b holding tightly 3 elusive extremely beautiful 4 lure very attractive and tempting 5 enticing € easy to find 6 clutching £ have no respect for something 7 euphoric .g_ big and impressive 8 disdain hi attraction 9 plush I surrounding area 10 commonplace j luxurious, 11 environs k very happy and excited 12 stunning 1 go somewhere in large numbers 'b) Choose five of the words from Column A. Write a sentence showing the meaning of each word The ene te mest ee ‘in the ci,module 1 Word bidlaing Pronunciation 3 Complete the sentences below by changing the word in capitals Three varieties of English to the correct form (noun, adjective, etc,). If necessary, use a good ‘monolingual dictionary (e.g. The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary © [1.1]Listen to the words/ English) to help you. phrases below pronounced first with a ‘standard English’ Before you write your answer, check the following points. accent, then with American and + Think about what kind of word is required (noun, adjective et), Australian accents, What 9, tradition (noun) ~* traditional (adjective). differences do you hear? Practise ‘+ In many cases, there may be more than one noun / adjective, etc. saying the one you prefer. Check the dictionary definition to make sure you get the right one way of life (e.g. immigrant / immigration). b floor *+ Think about whether you need to adda prefix (e9. un over, under). © International crime neither heve nor there fast food f society 9 brand h ethnic diversity {im the post J cqpital city mass tourism 1 part from that Tonga 1 Pule'anga Fokatu‘’o Tonga ~ also known as the Kingdom of Tonga is an archipelago of 170 islands in the South Pacific northeast of New Zealand. Uniquely, it has never been colonised by a foreign power and stil retains a (1) ..freditional. monarchy. TRADITION 5. The economy is based on agriculture, but with industry virtually non- existent, (2) -»- §o0ds are crucial to the nation’s economy. IMPORT (Of Tonga’s 97,000 inhabitants, 98% are of Tongan origin; there is relatively little ethnic (3) + although in recent years there DIVERSE has been some (4). from neighbouring Fij. Thanks to IMMIGRATE 10 foreign (5) mainly from Japan ~ there is now an INVEST © airport, at Tongatapu, which has direct flights from NATION Australia, New Zealand and the USA Modern health care is now available (2)... , although LOCAL patients have to be flown to Australia or New Zealand for more 15 sophisticated surgery. Tongans are keen to retain their (8). been some resistance to encouraging mass (9) fears this might lead to the (10). consequent loss of national identity . identity, so there has CULTURE asthere are TOURIST of Tongan life and a AMERICAmodule 1 Grammar: continuous verb forms General 5 Underline the most suitable form of the verb in the text below. J12 Meeting Opens Tomorrow in | Kanalgirie 1 Over the ast fe hours, ned of delegates fom all over te world (0) are arin /arved/ hae been arr fhe 12 | s meeting of lading industrialised |.” rato, which this year (2) had | ing plas aling paca? took lace inthe uit Canadian ‘aout esto Kamali Th 10 Cannon President, Bom were. fa delivered wil be dering te peng wie wien CCnfetene opens tomorrow 18 morning, The Canadian police, who are preparing hve boen paring / prepara rove Sc te year, (5) are aking / jai Fook ge vac 2» avoid the viene which (6) ha been marking / marked / was has been delivering / ‘marking last years summit in Berlin. They (7) have thrown / have been throwing / throw an 25 18km security cordon around the area, and last night they (8) are not allowing / have not been allowing / were not allowing anyone to pass through ~ 30 including journalists who usually (9) are having / have / were ‘having fall access to the delegates, From tomorrow, police (10) have ss also been blocking /were also blocking / will also be blocking all mobile phone signals ~to prevent bombs being triggered by remote control, a police spokesman (11) has said /said / was saying last night. “The politicians here seem (12) 10 be isolating / to isolate /10 have been isolating themselves from the free press,” said one journalist “There's no doubt that governments (13) are becoming become /were becoming more and more security conscious and less and less concemed with personal freedom, (14) It gets /Its geting It will be getting hardet and harder for us to gain access to the people who, over the next few days, (15) are making / have been ‘making / will be making decisions ‘which will affect all our lives and that’s something that should concer us all.” ee | Special uses of continuous forms Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. “Have you got any plans for the Fe, on tbebe spending (we / spend) a couple of weeks at my uncle's house in the mountains.’ shell we ring your parents to say why we'te late? They must (get) worried How can we decide on where to spend our holiday if (you / constantly / change) your mind? Are you going home already? (1/ hope) you'd give me a hand with the washing-up. Stuart . (lorever / devise) ridiculous schemes which he thinks will attract more business. Let's call Patrick. He might (know) the answer. This isn’t really a good time to phone him. He might (work) on his assignment. I find it very annoying that you (always / compare) my cooking to your mother's “Excuse me ... my friend and 1 (wonder) if you'd mind having your photograph taken with us.’ You really must (make) more of an effort to make friends.module 1 Verbs which change meaning in continuous and simple forms Choose the best form of the verb in brackets to complete the sentences. Tannen PEE (expect / have expected / am ‘expecting / was expecting) you're wondering why | ‘asked you all here today. Well, let me explain ‘Is something the matter? You look worried.’ {NOT svsnnmnnesevee think / thought / have thought /’m thinking) about how to tell my parents the bad news, that’ all’ From the shopkeeper’ puzzled expression, I could see that James - (has / had / ‘was having / is having) a lot of difficulty making himself understood. @ We (admire / have admired | ‘re admiring / were admiring) the painting on the staircase as we came up. Is ita portrait of your ‘grandfather? € Look at that! I haven't worn these jeans for nearly eight years and they Geull ft / still fitted / ae stil fitting / were stil fitting) perfectiy! £ There. (appeared f appears /is ‘appearing / was appearing) to have been a mistake In processing your order, Mr Phillips. We do apologise. 9 Veen (see J saw /'m seeing J was seeing) the chief executive this afternoon ~ is there ‘anything you want me to say to her? hh Ofall the players you have played against, who is the one you .- (admire / are ‘admiring / were admiring / have been admiring) the most? 1 Asyou can see, 1 seve (weigh / have been weighing /’m weighing / was weighing) the flour on my kitchen scales as it’s very important to have exactly the right quantity ... there we are, 100g exactly. } Wm sorry, but 1 (don't see / didn't see / am not seeing / wasn’t seeing) how we can get all this work done by next Tuesday. k An adult goliath beetle (is weighing / weighs / was weighing / weighed) 70-100g ~ the same as an apple! 1 I don’t know why everyone ... (is/was / is being / was belng) so initable today. They're not normally like this. Mm When saarssetsnestenensene (are you thinking / do you think / have you been thinking / were you thinking) you'll be able to get the work finished? rn The good news is that Pamela (expects / has expected / is expecting / will be expecting) a baby early next year. Patterns to notice Introducing points in an argument teste test btw about sob ours Global Tourism Tourism is the world’s biggest industry. In 1995 there were 567 million tou worldwide; this number is expected to rise to 937 million by 2010. With improved transport, cheaper flights and increased leisure time, many of the countries of the developing world are rapidly becoming tourist meccas. Since the 1960s, mass tourism has become increasingly specialised, encompassing sporting and adventure holidays as well as ecological tours. Although the tourist industry employs 127 million people worldwide, the benefits of tourism are not always felt at a local level, where jobs are often low paid and menial. Unregulated growth of tourism is causing both environmental_and social damage. ) Using the information in the text and / or your own ideas, complete the sentences below. 1 The main consideration is .sehether the arewth of... sm actualy he 2 One point to consider about the tourism industry is 3 The most important disadvantage of increasing tourism is, 4 Another disadvantage is $A further drawback is . 6 The main problem is 7 A further concern Is 8 One explanation for the growth in tourism is,module 1 Listen and read Is English Conquering the World? a) © [1.2] In 2002, an online talk radio station based in England broadcast an internet discussion programme entitled ‘ls English Conquering the World?’ Following the programme, people were invited to send in their views to the website. Read and / or listen to some of the voice mails, text messages and emails that people sent in. Tick (V) the ones you think make a good point and (x) the ones you disagree with. COUR A C C C ae Sees ate te ang A | don't think there's a problem with English dominating the world. Everybody uses automobiles, don't they? As well as clectricity and computers. Who cares where all these inventions come from? Everybody should use English. Who ‘cares if it came from England? Suraj, India B There's a lot to be said for English as a lingua franca. But this doesn’t necessarily mean it weakens other languages, and their speakers should retain full respect for their own tongue. After more than 25 years as an Englishman living in The Netherlands, | do not see that English is ‘taking over‘, despite the obvious awareness of English and a liberal dose of it in spoken and written communication. On the contrary, Dutch remains a rich, living language with very much its own identity Philip Haskell, Rotterdam, Netherlands Speaking as an outsider, | hope and pray that all of you in Europe will hold on to your native languages as tightly as you can. | have studied Spanish, French, German and some Ntalian, There is such beauty in these languages, and each one allows expression in a different manner than the others. All throughout history, the dominant economic power has influenced the language of every other country. But the languages have rarely truly died. Carrie, USA F ‘Who wants to live in a world of 2,000 languages?’ Well, 1 do for Pat M. Thatcham, UK DI think people should speak only two languages: one their mother tongue and the other English. Shahid, Shikarpur, Pakistan G Originating from Ireland, | can tell you all that losing your own language kills your culture. When Ireland was swallowed up by Britain the Irish were put into an English- speaking school system. Result? The Irish language was 99% destroyed. And what is Irish culture now? Advertisements for Guinness? Lose your language = lose your soul. | am always being told that if it wasn’t for the British I'd be speaking German. Well, i it wasn’t for the British I'd be speaking Irish Brian Nolan, Ireland E Surely culture is about how one lives one’s life, not the noises we ‘make that is called language. Surely speaking one language ~ whether it be English or any other language = promotes greater understanding and breaks down barriers. Who really wants to live in a world of 2,000 languages? This makes communication with most of our fellow human beings impossible. Who cares whether it’s English, German or Cantonese - the more fof us who talk to one another, the better. Paul O'Neill, N. Ireland Henglish is without doubt every European’s native, second or third tongue. But | feel this will be a transitory cultural phenomenon. As soon as Eastern Asia rules by the strength of its economy — as the USA and the EU do at the moment. = a standardised form of Chinese will emerge as a global language. It will be simplified from its current patterns no doubt, but no less Universal than Latin or English were in their time, Jenny, Hong Kong_module 1 b) Which text / texts: equates English with other globally-used products and services? ... celebrates the diversity of different languages? advocates bilingualism? directly contradicts the previous message? suggests that the dominance of English will be short-lived? is about the disappearance of a local language? argues that the widespread use of English does not threaten local culture? 8 maintains that it is unimportant which local language we use? Check your pronunciation 1 a) © [1.3] Listen again to this extract from one of the texts 0 Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. ‘There's a lot to be said for English as a lingua franca (1), But this doesn’t necessarily mean it weakens other languages, and their speakers should retain full respect for their (2) own tongue, After more than 25 years as {an Englishman living in The Netherlands, | do not see that English is “taking cover, despite the obvious (3) awareness of English and a liberal dose of it in spoken and written communication (4). On the contrary, Dutch remains a rich, living language with very much its own identity (5). Philip Haskell, Rotterdam, Netherlands Pronunciation points Ry 1 Notice the ‘weak’ pronunciation of the letter ‘a' in as a. This sound is known as the schwa (/a/). Notice the same sound in the words than, of and and later in the text. 2 Notice the two ways their is pronounced in their speakers and their own. The final '' is only pronounced if the next word begins with a vowel sound. 3 Notice the pronunciation of the in The Netherlands and the obvious. The pronunciation of the changes when the next word begins with a vowel sound, 4 Notice the stress on communication. Words ending in -ation {such as communication, education, immigration) usually have the stress on the last-but-one syllable. 5 Notice the short /i/ sound in rich living. This is also heard in languages written, and its and identity. b) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. Wordspot world, earth, ground, floor 11 Complete the gaps with world, earth, ground or floor. a Seventeen is far too young to get married. You have all the time tm the oo. 200 aoe tO find the right person. > Mario's is the best restaurant in town. The pasta dishes are out of this cs © That’ life; one day you're depressed, the next day something cheers you up and you're on top of the d With so many cheap flights on. offer, you can go abroad and it needn't cost the © [wouldn't criticise Peter's wife ~ hhe thinks the ...scssemnne OF her, you know. £ You could've killed someone! What 07 sssssesesnene GO YOU think you were doing? 4g) Internet cafés are now found in every country. They are truly a wide phenomenon. hh The idea for a new sports club was raised last year, but the idea never really got off the i After staying out till Sam ‘without telling his parents, Jeffrey was . ed for a week. | Twas very foolish of the old ‘man to keep all his money under the .. boards. k Then came the cc shattering news ~ the President had been assassinated, 1 Florence certainly isn't shy. She ‘was the first person on the dance m Having won the championship at 17, i’s important that Alvarez keeps his feet on the 5 and doesn’t think it's easy at the top.bo you remember? Pages 6-7 1 What is the title of the module and what does the phrase mean? 2° What word is a synonym of conflict? 3 The words in bold are all in the plural form. Which of them cannot be used in the singular? international investors b local businesses © ocally-produced goods d_ communications networks 4 What phrase means: the amount of wealth, comfort and things that a particular group or country has? 5 Inthe phrase multi-ethnic, what does the prefix multi MEAN? one 6 What Is the noun form of the adjective diverse? Pages 8-9 7 Which city is described in the reading text? 8 Which word in paragraph 1 means holding tightly? ‘9 What five things are most youngsters interested in, ‘according to paragraph 2? ‘10 What word completes these compound nouns in paragraph 3? a. shopping road ¢ housing... 11 What were considered ‘unimaginable luxuries’ in the 1980s? 12 Which adjective in paragraph 4 mean: very interesting? b_ very beautiful? © most important? Pages 10-11 13 Which sentence expresses annoyance? a. He always does that. b_ He's always doing that. 14 According to the text Did you know ...2, ‘approximately how many people speak English. 4s their first language? ... : 15 What proportion of the data on the world’s ‘computers is in English? a 8% b 80% c 88% 16 What did the word nice mean 500 years ago? 17 Which of the words below does not have a plural form? idiom b noun ¢ information 18 What was the name of the expert on international English? Pages 12-13, 19 The task js to devise an .. : 20 What two reasons for learning English are listed in section 1a) of the questionnaire? 21 What word describes a dictionary which does not include translations? 22 Correct the spelling of these words. questionaire b confidant (adj) © pronounciation ....csesese 23 Four verbs combine with English in the Learner questionnaire on page 13. What are they? 24 On what pages of the Students’ Book can you find, the contents page? .... a Pages 14-15 25 What floor can you find at the bottom of the sea? 26 Which is a way of describing shocking and important news or events: earth-breaking, earth shattering or earth-smashing? 27 If you're grounded what are you not allowed to do? F 28 What are floorboards made of? 29 Where do you keep your feet if you are realistic about what you can do and not overly ambitious? 30 What word on page 15 means: a very heavy shower of rain?module 2 Vocabulary How would you feel? a) Find fifteen adjectives for describing feelings in the word box below. What makes you laugh? Match the words in the box below to the correct definition, anecdote epigram sketch cartoon limerick slapstick comiebook pun stand-up comedian b) Write the correct adjective next to the definition. 1 apprehensi.... woried or nervous about something that is going to happen 2 Consnnnninns ORGY OF annoyed 3D. _ very pleased and happy 40. su Very unhappy over a long period 5D. "ina very bad situation, almost without hope 6D. . unhappy because you have lost your belief in something 7. . very sure that you are going to do something, even if others disagree BF. very, very surprised oF. - extremely angry 10 H. upset because you find something very shocking TW been not feeling confident about yourself or your situation in life 12 Less D.. something or someone 13 Onn .. extremely happy about something MP. pleased at your own or other people's achievements 1S R. sv pleased because something you ‘were worried about didn’t happen disappointed by Tla]efele]ifelvjejolwii jee corny punchline witty alele[RlelHl[e|Nisli[v[ejrfa Fe ete nsmcll w Tir }o}r th [etre lo NILA A a | ...c2mnte beak... n [C] a magazine, often for children, dleitiolmlelrlelFi|t|y|s|elo that tls story using cartoons efulofe(plrlels{s/elolilelv t[x[e[t[rlal[nlr[riolulpjefe| » in[C] 1a funny drawing in @ eliioli li wistelclulrielrir newspaper, often including humorous remarks about news events. 2 a short film that is made by RIOlE|G/s[T/c}R Jol s|slola| y photographing a series of drawings mjulF{nfe(n{t[alalrlalt[alo uf[sfelriw[r[wirlalilt|t[s |v) cf ad using words ina clever and nials[e[t[elole|slolr[rir[e simusing way e[t/H[o[r|Hlo[R[RiilFli[e|o ——————— T a]... sce 1 {U] humorous acting in which the id Be performers fall over, throw things, te e 7 [C] someone who tells jokes and funay stories infront of an audience 1 [ snsseeensees [CLA short humorous scene which is part ofa longer show 9 1n{C_ the last fow lines ofa joke or story that make it funny oF interesting Bh [scree [C] an amusing story which is ‘based on one's own personal experience ‘adj not new, interesting or original ff oss um (C].a short sentence that expresses an idea ina clever and amusing way k ‘n{C] an amusing use of a word or phrase that has two meanings, or of words with the same sound but different meanings 1 ‘n(C]a humorous short poem with three long lines and two short ones "module 2__ Grammar: perfect verb forms General Complete the sentences with an appropriate perfect form of the verb in brackets. Chris ...Aas bee falling... (talk) to that gil for ages. I wonder what it is that’ so interesting b- The woman at the party seemed to recognise me, though I couldn’t remember .. (meet) her before. ¢ Ifyou don’t hurry up, they . (eat) all the food by the time we get there. Bill. (be) depressed ever since he lost his ob last year. Suzanne (rive) for just a few weeks when she had her first accident £ Neatly haifa million people are believed (leave) their homes as a result of the disaster. 9 Although it was my fist visit for many years, I was suri by how much tect (change). hh WS very hard for me to comment, never snetanesenneee (04) the BOOK myselt 1 Ramsey never revealed to the police where he (hide) the money. (be) much quieter since } te Tom left home, k What's the matter with Kate? She «» ie) on her bed all day, staring out of the window. 1 Next week is my first anniversary: 1 (work) in this department for exactly a year. m They ought (check) the ‘weather forecast before setting out on such a dangerous journey. nl The roads were all flooded: it (ain) heavily for nearly ten hours. © So far today, 1 (receive) over 30 ‘emails. How will [get time to answer them all? 12 Present Perfect Simple and Continuous Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect simple or Present Perfect Continuous. a Apparently, Robert .....#3 hed...... (have) an accident — he's on his way to hospital right now. b How long . (you look) for a new job? © Vie (wait) for the phone to ring all ‘morning, I can't stand it any more! (you ever play) baseball? eT know why Julian looks so tired ~ he (work) too hard recently. f Neil. (never do) anything like this bbefore in all the time I've known him, 9 You (watch) videos for over three hours now: it's about time you found something else to do. Bh Toss so depressed. 1 Isno secret that Steven and Monika .. (see) each other for several months now. jt. .» (try) to get in touch with Jerry all + (never see) Carla looking morning, but | (not have) any luck yet K La .- (never understand) why people aren't prepared to queue up in a civilised manner, 1d (wait) for the taxi for the last twenty-five minutes. Why (it / not arrive) yet? Past Perfect Simple and Continuous 5 Match the beginnings with the endings. Paul went to bed Her eyes were red, Ttwas a shock to realise By the time Roger retired Yd never believed in love at frst sight Paula and James had only been going out for @ month She found it dificult to drive in Scotland, 1h Having already told the police what I'd seen, he'd been lying all along. when they decided to get married, 4s soon as he'd finished his report. Dut I don’t think it was because she'd been peeling onions. I didn’t think it necessary to tell them again. until I met you he had achieved most of his ambitions. never having driven on the left before. Bone B c dco 9 hmodule 2 Present / Past Perfect Simple and Continuous Complete the gaps by putting the verb in brackets into the correct tense: Present Perfect ‘Simple or Present Perfect Continuous. ee Fancy That! 1 Ahorse and o sheep were walking pst a ber one sunny doy “Fancy a cold drink? soid the horse. er te been pulling. (pull) a cart ll day, end 5 i's thirsty work, T can tell you’ “The sheep (2) (Git) ina Field cll afternoon, with no protection from the sun ‘the only thing he (3) (have) 10 to drink all day was filthy water. ‘T know what you mean; he said. T (4) ~. (think) ‘bout a cold glass of beer since about 12 oelack So they went inside, The horse ordered two beers end reached over for the menu, T fancy 15 something to eat as well’ he said. T ©) (ect) ten sacks of oats so for this week, and Tim just about sick of them, T don't think my owner © (hear) of a balanced 20 diet "Too right’ said the sheep. ‘T need a change too. T fancy @ burger. (7) one nnsennnnnnn (YOUL ‘ry) the burgers here?” ‘The horse replied that it was the first time he 25 (B) onsen (eat) there too, but he decided to have the same, with extra cheese ‘Then he remembered he (9) (not / go) to the lavatory all day, and he needed +o go urgently 20 ‘Any idea where the lavatory is? he asked his friend "No, T don't: Just then, a.deg who (10) (Git) ot @ nearby table came over and said: Please 35. forgive me, but I (11) esses (listen) to your conversation, and I can tell you ‘that the lavatory is downstairs, on your left! ‘The sheep turned to the horse with an amazed look on his face. 40 ‘Fancy that (12). 2 see) talking dog before? (never / Patterns to notice Cleft sentences 7 Put the words in the correct order to make a cleft sentence. a todo / must /is/ we / What / stay calm / all ry What we musta try ta de is stay cal, started / the demonstrators / It / who / the trouble / wasn’t © only / It / last week / that / was / she finally / got in. touch like / we / about Australia / What / the marvellous / is / weather that / only / you can park / after 6.30 / It’s {for free / here f do should / now fis / What / get / rest / you / plenty of 4g. Trealised / It /I got home / only / that /’d picked up / was / the wrong coat / when hh like / is / living / traffic / here / the awful / What / 1 don’t / about 1 a barbecue / having / suggested / wasn’t /It / who / j annoys / is / really / What / to us / you lied / the way / me 13module 2 = - Pronunciation How sentence stress changes meaning 0S 22 ston to the sentence below wih ‘neutral’ stress. Which words are stressed? Charlie Jones has been at home for five days. b) © [2.2] If we put stress on particular words, the meaning can change. Listen to these examples. 1 Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (not Heather Jones). 2 Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (not Charlie Smith) 3 Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (we thought he hadn't) 4 Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (not at school) 5. Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (not ten days) 6 Charlie Jones has been at home for five days (not five weeks), ©) Practise saying the six sentences. 4) ©) [2.3] Listen to the sentences on the recording. Circle the most logical way to continue them. 1. It’s getting easier to get American films here a. but getting books is still a problem. © but its hard to find English ones. © not more difficult, 2 Peter was busy working the last time I looked but I'm not sure if he is now. not watching TV. ¢ but Henry wasn't 3. Christiane is playing rugby on Saturday afterall. b not Sunday. c not watching it 4 Is Barbara's engagement party this weekend @ ornext weekend? b orher birthday party? © or did she cancel it? 5. Monica is coming to the conference tomorrow a. but her husband can't make it. b not today. € she's managed to cancel her meeting. 6 In 2002, the financial situation seemed to be improving but in fact it was getting worse. ’b but the military situation was getting worse © but now it’s getting worse, 7 Internet cafés are opening all over our city now a how about where you live? b_ but alot of traditional cafés are closing, but itll be different in a year’s time. 8 We're going out for dinner this evening we're not eating at home. How about you? © not tomorrow night. 14 Listen and read Limericks ‘A limerick is a short, humorous poem, often nonsensical, with five lines ~ three long and two short — which usually begins There once was a... They first became popular nearly 200 hundred years ago. By the ‘way, Limerick is a city in the south-west of Ireland — but nobody seems to be sure quite what the connection Limericks 1 There once was a student named Besor ‘Whose knowledge grew lesser and leser Ic at lase grew so smal He knew nothing a all ‘And now he’s a college professor 2 There once was a man from Blackheath ‘Who sat on his pair of false teeth He said, with a start “Oh deat! Bless my heart! The bitten myself underneath! 3B There once was a baker named Fred ‘Whose success didn't go to his head Instead of just looking, He ate all his cooking So it went to his waistline instead 4 ‘There was a young gil from Berlin ‘Who was so uncommonly thin That when she essayed ‘To drink lemonade She slipped through the straw and fell in 5 ‘There once was a lady from Hyde Who ate 20 green apples and died While her lover lamented ‘The apples fermented ‘And made cider inside her inside enmodule 2 6 A gentleman di Found a very large mouse in his stew Said the waiter, ‘Dont shout ‘And wave it about gat Crewe Or the others will all wanc one too.” z z ‘There was a young fellow from Leeds 2S ‘Who swallowed six packets of seeds.“ // Ie soon came to pass He was covered in grass ‘And he couldn't sit down for the weeds 8 “Thete was a young lady named Bright Whose spec ws fa fiscrthan light She set off one day Ina relative way And came back the previous night 9 “There was a young man from Devizes Whose ears were of different sizes The one that was small ‘Was no use a all Bur the other won several prizes 10 ‘There was a young man from Japan ‘Whose limericks would never quite scan ‘Asked why this was 0 He said I donit know, 1 think ies because I have a tendency to try to pur as many words into the las line as I possibly can.” " azudden movement of eco suprise ® formal word meaning tried have a egular yeh S| b) Which one do you think is: the easiest? | the strangest? the cleverest? the funniest? Check your pronunciation 10°. [25] Listen to the recording of limerick 6 again. Notice how stressed words make a rhythm, . ° . ‘A gentleman dining at Crewe oe ° ° Found a very large mouse in his stew . . . Said the waiter, ‘Don’t shout . . And wave it about ° ° . ‘Or the others will all want one too.” b) & [2.6] Listen to the stressed words on the recording. Try to say them in time with the rhythm. ©) Listen again to the recording of limerick 6. Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. ‘A gentleman (1) dining at Crowe Found a very large mouse in his stew (2) Said che waiter, ‘Don't shout (3) ‘And wave (4) ic about (Or the others (5) will ll want one too. Pronunciation points 1 Notice that the word gentleman is pronounced, with the stress on the first syllable, followed by ‘two schwa /o/ sounds. 2 Notice the pronunciation of the word stew ‘stius: the last sound rhymes with Crewe /kru:! in the previous line. 3 Notice the /au/ sound in shout. The same sound is heard in found, mouse (line 2) and about (line 4) 4 Notice the /ei/ sound in wave. The same sound is heard in waiter (line 3) 5 Notice the way that the 'e’ in the is pronounced ‘id because it comes before a vowel sound and is connected to others with a / sound. d) Practise reading the limerick, paying attention to the rhythm and the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. 15module 2 Wordspot Idioms with laugh, cry and tears 11 Complete the sentences with one of the phrases from the box below. no laughing matter the last laugh floods of tears shoulder to cry on crying her eyes out burst out laughing bored totears close to tears burst into tears laughed my head oft When I saw the photos of my father a a teenager, I bugle ony beef: he looked 30 ridiculous with toi ba, People don't always take the problem of athlete's foot seriously, but it's Ton tell you, After the break-up of his marrage, Dan's bes rend ‘was always there wien he needed a Petra had expected her father to be angry or upset when he saw her hair dyed orange; instead he don't usually get emotional watching films, but at the end of The Lion King my daughter and I were in Asa child, Eva was often teased because she was so skinny. But she certainly had she's now a millionaire supermodel. 4g) Itwas heartbreaking to see the little child sstsesessese because her doll was broken. bh The show lasted neatly four hours: from the expression on people's faces, it was clear that many of the audience were .... 1 Many people at the funeral wore crying openly. Even those who didn’t know her seemed to be j As rena received her gold medal, she unexpectedly ... The emotion of victory had finally caught up with her. 16 Check your writing Linking words and phrases (1) 4D ase te perme boc which has the same meaning as the word or phrase in bold. 1. The audience was impatient and rather lethargic. However, the atmosphere changed when the singer ‘appeared. aAlthough b Whenever ©But 2. People were on their feet, as if pulled by a mysterious force. aasthough b like 3. As well as the originals, she performed an array of cover versions. @ Apart from —b Inaddition toc Including 4 But whatever she sang, it was clear that Gray was giving 100%. however bno matter what until 5 When the band finally launched into I Try aatlast battheend clastly 6 There ate traces of other influences too, such as Nina Simone and Tina Turner. as basif clike 7 Yet in the end, Macy Gray sounds like no one but herself. Already bAlways But 8 Other tracks which deserve a mention are the smoky ballad Still, athat what since cwho by Use one of the words or phrases above to complete the sentences. 1 The group's fist two albums were hugely successful » the third album, Cloudburst, was ‘much less well-received 7 . kind of music you like, you'll find something to please you on this album, 3 Her face was pale and ill-ooking, had been without sleep for several days. 4 These days, few people remember Bill Haley. his place in the history of music she is assured. 5. He has toured with many of the world’s best known singers, . Britney Spears and Shania Twain, her recent hit Harvest Moon, the new album includes three songs she wrote herself 7 The Rolling Stones’ latest tour, begins in Toronto next month, is rumoured to be thelr last 8 The audience had waited nearly two hours: when the band ... «appeared, the reception ‘was not entirely friendly.bo You remember? Pages 16-17 11 Rearrange the letters to make three words meaning very happy. a didlegeth b- daplese © ojorveedy 2 Which of these does not mean angry? a cross b flabbergasted ¢ furious 3. What are the missing vowels in the following words? adsprt.bds ll c d_t_rm_n_d 4 What does the phrasal verb turn up mean? s 5 What idiom means: to get very high marks in an. ‘examination or test? 6 What idiom with blue means completely unexpectedly? Pages 18-19 7 When you are listening to a joke, when do you hear the punchline? 8 Which of the three sentences is correct? a Thave made a bet with my friends that I can make you say at least three words. Ihave been making a bet with my friends that I can make you say at least three words. © Thave made a bet with my friends that J can make you to say at least three words. 9 Where did the man who dreamed about eating his shoe come from? ..e.scsse 10 What three adjectives does Basil use to describe Mrs Richards (to himself)? 11 According to Oscar Wilde, history would have been different if who had learned to laugh? 12 What form of the verb to be is found in the phrase to have been happy? Pages 20-21 13 Name two things that can go wrong if you ‘appear in public. 14 The two sentences below have the same meaning, What is the missing word in sentence b)? 1 didn’t invite them, b Itwasn't 15 Which is the correct preposition? What I really like about / from / of my city is the nice ‘weather, 16 What word is missing from the two idioms below? : ‘out laughing .. Into tears. 17 Ifyou are proved to be right in the end, you have the last what? 18 What can you be close to, bored to or in floods of ‘who invited them, Pages 22-23 19 Which word from the Useful language box is spelt. incorrectly? a ashamed b desperate c mistified 20 Complete the time phrases with the correct reposition. a this time D. ssecsaneeree that point ¢ from that day 21 What phrasal verb with go means to pass and is used to talk about time? wsessssne 22 What word means extremely hungry? ...-. 23 Which preposition follows the verb beg? 24 Ifa story is touching, does it make you feel sad or does it make you laugh? Pages 24-25 25 What nationality is the songwriter Smokey Robinson? 26 Whose concert is reviewed on page 25 and where did it take place? 27 How many people were there in her band? 28 What idiomatic phrase means: to do something with maximum effOrt? «o.oo. 29 What is the title of the album reviewed? 30 What do the following adjectives describe? wonderful sugar sweet harsh scratchy 7Vocabulary The right way to behave 1 Useithe cues to complete the puzle. The ‘number of letters and part of speech are given in brackets. 1 To touch someone lightly (e.g. on the back) sith the palm of your hand. (3, vez) 2-To go red in the face, often because you're embarrassed. (5, verb) 3 A quality that makes people like you and feel attracted to you. (5, noun) 4 To use offensive words, e.g. when you are angry. , verb) 5 A way of saying things so that people are not hurt or offended. (7, adjective) 6 Aquiet laugh, like a child's, often out of nerves or embarrassment. (6, verb / noun) 7 To use religious or holy words in a way that offends people's religious beliefs. (9, verb) 8 A remark that tells someone they have done well or Took nice. (10, noun) 9 Difficult, embarrassing or inconvenient. (7, adjective) 10 Honest, even if this means upsetting people. The ‘opposite of sharp. (5, adjective) 11. Ways of behaving in a social situation. They can be good or bad. (7, noun) 12 Something that cannot be mentioned or discussed. (, noun / adjective) 13 The formal rules for polite behaviour in a particular situation. (9, noun) 14 Feeling ashamed, nervous and uncomfortable. (11, adjective) 15 Showing no awareness of other people's feelings. (, adjective) 16 Not polite, Likely to offend people. (4, adjective) 17 To open your mouth wide because you are tired or bored. (4, verb / noun) 48 Discriminating against one sex in favour of the other. (6, adjective) 19 A colloquial word meaning unreliable or untrustworthy. (5, adjective) 20 Expect people to say Bless You! or Gesundheit! when you do this. (6, verb / noun) 18 a 5 = a a aan |3[e[=/O/ =] a | nl<[xl2module 3 Complete the sentences using the correct form of ‘a word from Exercise 1 One of the members of the audience seemed to be deliberately asking ...44te#2.. questions ~ I must, say I found some of them very hard to deal with! b_ Nobody was brave enough to laugh out Loud, but | thought I heard someone at the back of the class. © [found out that I was using the women’s toilet by mistake ~I can't tell you how elt! 4. What I'm about to say may well upset people, but you all know I have the reputation of being extremely... em never coming back to this restaurant again! The walters were so f After a night without sleep, it was very difficult to stop myself. us in dass the following day. 4. Sex, religion and death are often considered ._ subjects when it comes to class discussions One of the best ways to put someone in a good mood fs to pay them a... - about how nice they look 1 Although he was angry, It was silly of Kelly to at the referee: fortunately for Kelly don't think the referee heard him! J T've always thought that parents should make ita ptiorty to teach their children 900d wnnene how they behave in public is so important. k-My dog really likes people; it makes him very happy ifyou hhim on the back 1 twas of you to bring up the topic of divorce. Don’t you know that Gaby’s husband has just left her? m I'm sony ... I seem to have caught a cold in the nose ‘and I just can’t stop . n_ Many people when they're asked a personal question. Unfortunately, there's no way of controlling the rush of blood to your face. © It's definitely ‘of you to insist that the new secretary has to be female. p. There are very complicated rules of . concerning what you are allowed to say ar do when you're introduced to a member of the Royal Family. What we have to try and do is to find a . way of telling Peter that he doesn't hhave enough experience forthe job. 1 There are some very .. characters hanging around in this bar. Let’s finish our drinks ‘and move on somewhere else Lisa uses all her to get people to do ‘what she wants ~ you won't be able to resist. t The church says it finds the film of Christ’ life offensive, It contains ... 3 a) Match the adjectives with the nouns to form eight combinations found in the text Perfect, Behaviour in an Imperfect World on pages 28-29 of the Students’ Book. 1 uneasy, attention 2 public > generation 3. social ¢ gitlfriend 4 former d_ manners 5. the older e lar 6 mobile £ silence 7 undivided 9 situation 8 bad hi transport 9 complete i phone by Write a sentence showing the meaning of each of the phrases. 19module 3 Word building Complete the sentences on the right by changing the word in capitals to the correct form (noun, adjective, etc.). If necessary, use a good ‘monolingual dictionary (e.g. The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) to help you. Before you write your answer, check the following points. ‘+ Think about what kind of word {s required (noun, adjective, etc) e.g, tradition (noun) -* traditional (adjective). ‘+ Inmany cases, there may be ‘more than one noun / adjective, etc. Check the dictionary definition to make sure you get the right one. (e.g immigrant / Immigration). + Think about whether you need to add a prefix (e.g. um over, under.) Grammar: modals Mixed modals Which of the phrases in the box below could replace the phrases in bold in the text without ‘changing the meaning? ‘am unable to am unwilling to are sometimes will possibly was unable to perhaps went perhaps you are is It OK to refuses to is not the correct thing to tim absolutely sure you are areable to _itsadvisabieto Hee! itis necessary to It would've been a good idea for you to have Isit possible for you to (Once upon a time it was considered (1) .gentlemarhy. for men to open doors for GENTLEMAN women - but nowadays there's a danger that the gesture might actually be (2). INTERPRET 15 it (3) sreennnene. tO Suggest that a woman ACCEPT. is incapable of opening the door for herself? For many Asian people, blowing your nose in public is seen not only as (4) just HYGIENE think of all those germs flying into the air ~ but 5 something which is actually (5)... ‘OFFEND 50 if in doubt... sniff Ist OK for teachers to wear jeans and a T-shirt to class? Teachers who want to create the (8) evorsesnen that they are relaxed and IMPRESS approachable might think so, but some students do consider it (7) to PROFESSION come to class casually dressed, and such a casual attitude might even be seen as. ®. to those students who expect RESPECT ‘their teachers to dress smartly. Neither a Borrower nor a Lender be Borrowing and lending money is a sticky subject. Where lange sums of money are concemed, (1) you should always try to be businesslike about it, but (2) T must war you that such transactions (3) ean be absolutely fatal to friendships. Always consider the worst scenario, “What if (4) can't pay her back? What if she (5) won't repay me?” If you (6) ean, borrow from a bank. It’s much less embarrassing, even though it (7) might cost you a bit more, With smaller sums, (8) you may be one of those people who is vague about these things ... Infact, with the advent of automatic cash machines this really (9) shouldn't happen. Only a few years ago, if you'd missed the bank 410 by 3.30 on a Friday a typical conversation (10) might’ve gone something like this: “My dear, dear friend (11), may T ask you an enormous favour?” “Of course ... anything.” “(12) Would you be so kind as to lend me £20... ust till Monday? 15 “£2021 No I certainly (13) will not! (14) You must be out of your mind. Are you telling me you're broke again?® ‘No, it’s just that 1 got to the bank late and so I (15) couldn't get any money out.” “Well, (16) you shouldve got there earlier. Serves you right.” 29 Batter to avoid such embarrassment, ch?module 3 Semi-modals 6 Reims te folowing sentences wing the appropriate form of ought to, need to or have to. The restaurant accepted euros, so it wasn’t necessary to change our money. The restaurant accepted ewras, so we dlditt have fo change our menss.... nnn b_ Ttwould’ve been a good idea for us to check the train times before we set out. © It's not necessary to book tickets in advance: you ‘can just turn up on the day. d__Itwas unnecessary for you to take so much trouble bbut thanks anyway! © Was it necessary for you to pay for the whole week, or can we pay day-by-day? £ Your suit should be cleaned as soon as possible. g It wasn't necessary to pay for our meals. They were included in the price of the holiday. h It would be a good idea for you to buy some ‘mosquito repellent for your holiday 1 Do you think it’s advisable for us to take some food for the Journey? J It's not necessary to get a visa if you're only staying, for a week. Complete the sentences form of the verb dare a Martin ....4arent..... tell Lizzie that he’s desperately 4m love with her in case she laughs in his face. b- Because we were all so afraid of her, we tell Suzanna that she'd made a an appropriate mistake. © Don't... . threaten me again! I'l call the police! at son tell Lucy what's really happened to her pet goldfish ~ she'd be terribly upset, eHow suggest that I lied to your parents! 1 It's his first holiday abroad, but I ...ssestnee SAY he's old enough to look after himself Pronunciation Rhyming sounds a) Circle the two words that rhyme with the ‘modal verb in bold. 1 might Cité) straight Gh) wait 2 could cold ruled wood stood 3 need we'd lid beard read (present) 4 dare for their. «wear here 5 ought caught note sort out 6 can't ant aren't want aunt b) (5 [3.1] Listen and check. Practise saying the rhyming words, copying the voices on the recordings. Patterns to notice Abstract nouns followed by relative clauses Complete the sentences with why, where or which: Nobody really knows the reason... decided to cancel the wedding, b_ Recently, there have been a number of cases . our security measures have proved Teresa Ineffective. ©The 1990s was a period in sos being computerterate became more and more important in the job market 4 absolutely loved the film Angry Sky. The part the hero returns home had me in floods of tears! Tam not at all satisfied about the way in our complaint was dealt with £ Lreally can’t see children shouldn't be allowed in the garden. It was one of those situations can realy be blamed. h Nobody can be completely sure about the extent to . . people are influenced by what they read in the newspapers. 1 Things with our neighbours have got so bad, we've reached the point we've thought about ‘moving house. nobody 21module 3 Listen and read Nosey Questions 10 a) (© [3.2] Read and / or listen to the text below. Where do ‘you think it comes from? 11.4 book giving advice for people visiting the UK for the first time 2 the advice column of a teenage magazine 3.a book of humorous articles 4. book of advice about social etiquette Nosey Questions 1 If someone you know asks you decide for yourself what nosey questions then you are questions go into. what not obliged to answer if you 40 categories). Or supposing the don’t want to. Here it is more really awful question came from important that you have some someone you don’t feel you can polite brush-off' but it is still not be too hard on (elderly relative, rude for you to refuse and it boss). Then you need a more would be rude for the other 4ssmiling response: can’t, person to press you. possibly tll you that’ or ‘em not 75 minefields or unexpected (and 10 Ifyou think they shouldn't telling anyone that’ or maybe unwanted) revelations have asked the question (‘How ‘Wouldn't you like to know? or of bankruptcy, pregnancy, much money do you earn?’, ‘Are ‘That's none of your business’, redundancy, divorce, etc. Here you pregnant yet”, ‘Are you so Any of these if said with a you are free to tell white lies and John still in Jove?) then | cheerful face should get you out sand say ‘We don’t know / 15 strongly recommend looking of it. As ever, if people press, haven't decided yet / haven't very shocked and saying ‘I can’t then they have last the right to really thought about’. Looking believe you just asked me that!’ a polite answer. Some people vague and serene and changing and either leaving them to 55 realy don’t understand why you _ the subject is the key here. You stumble out of it oF moving on won't tell them, ‘But I'd tell ssgenerally find that people did 20 yourself to another, perhaps you’, they say. You must just leap to conclusions, but they related, subject. If they try to answer ‘I never tell anyone that were the wrong ones (1 was press you, a8 opposed to kind of thing’ until they get the convinced that meant you were defending themselves lamely 6 message. But you must stand getting married, not splitting and saying '! was just interested firm, because otherwise they'l| 20up') and nothing to worry then you cen keep the never learn and will keep about. if the question was shocked look and say ‘I'm not expecting you to tell them your reasonable then it's polite to telling you that’ with as much innermost secrets, There is embarrass the asker as little as emphasis as you like on the 65 certainly never any need to tell possible - they were probably ‘you your secrets just because %Sonly making conversation in the 20 Butwhatifthe question isn’t someone else told theirs first place. quite so unforgivable? You don't There are questions that want to answer it (‘How much seem perfectly reasonable ~‘Are | A leer sgn thet you don't wrsh to speak did you pay for that?', ‘Are you 70 you planning to move?', ‘Are ‘s2meon® having relationship with him”, you going to go back to work, 35 ‘Where did you buy that?” - ‘Are you going on holiday this these are strictly subjective year?” - but if answered examples by the way: you can truthfully might lead to |p rf b) Read the text again and circle nine nosey questions and underline the ten suggested answers, 22module 3 Checking your pronunciation 41 2 Batson sain otis extract om the text. Pause at the points indicated and look atthe Pronunciation points below. 1 If you think they shouldn't have (1) asked the question (How much money do you earn?'Q2), ‘wre you pregnant yet? ‘Are you 5 and John still in love?%(3) then | strongly recommend looking very shocked and saying ‘I can't believe you just asked me that!"(4) and either leaving them 10 to stumble out of it or moving on yourself to another, perhaps related, subject. If they try to press you, aS opposed to defending themselves lamely and 15 saying ‘I was just interested ...", then you can keep the shocked look and say ‘™m not telling you ‘that (5) with as much emphasis as you like on the ‘you Pronunciation points 1. Notice the pronunciation of shouldn't have as one word /jadntav/. 2. Notice that the voice goes down at the end ‘of the question How much money do you earn? as with most wh- questions. 3. Notice that the voice goes up at the end of the questions Are you pregnant yet? and Are you and John still in love? as with most Yes / ‘No questions. 4 Notice how the speaker expresses shock in can't believe you just asked me that! 5. Notice the strong stress on you in I'm not telling you that. by Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation paints above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. Check your writing Punctuation 1 Apostrophe (’ ‘Apostrophes are used: + for possession: today's way of conducting business + to replace missing letters: it's not a computer you're talking to + when we quotes... overused clichés like ‘Please find attached herewith’ 2 Dash (-) ‘The dash is used in informal writing before a list or explanation, or instead of a semi-colon: a deep depression — he refuses to look for a Job or go back to college 3 Brackets () Brackets (also called parentheses) are used before and after an explanation which could be removed from the sentence: FYI (For Your Information) 4 Exclamation mark Exclamation marks are used to convey excitement: We won! 5 Slash () The slash is used between two or more words which are alternatives: first | have to look in my office / husband's / other diary 4 Diunauate te following lines from different email messages. The number of punctuation marks needed is shown in brackets. > We have asked Mr. Lawley/(the company’s Chief Executive Officey/if he wotlld care to attend. (3) Please fel free ¢ bring your husband wife partner aand anyone else who youd like to share our party (4) Hi everyone Im currently doing a class project on famous French painters mine is someone called Braque and I wondered if anyone out there had any information about him her. Thanks (6) Twas round at my friend Saras house the other day «guess what she told me (3) Its no surprise that the new exhibition has been described by Theo Landis New Yorks leading art aiitic as remarkable. (6) Sorry | havent got round to answering you know hhow busy it can get at this time of year (3) 23Do you remember? Pages 26-27 1. According to Matthew Engel, what should be taught in schools? : 2. Something which is extreme or excessive can be described a8 oo. the top. 3. Which of these words is the closest in meaning to difficult / embarrassing? @ awkward b familiar ¢ revolting @ offensive 4 Supply the correct prefix to complete the words. 4 __hygienie (not hygienic) b_ __ professional (not professional) ¢ ___ interpret Gnterpret wrongly) 5. What phrasal verb means: to make an informal visit to someone's house? 6 What three things shouldn't you do without putting your hand over your mouth? Pages 28-29 7 What does one writer dislike being turned into someone else’s telephone BOX? ..cesosntnse 8 What does one girl want her boyfriend to remove from his flat? ... 9 What did one unfortunate person have stuck between their teeth? ..... 10 According to John Morgan, what does a double diary device allow you to do? 11 In the sentence: Why not have some shots taken of ‘yourself and leave them lying around, what does ‘shots mean? a 12 What drops in the idiom meaning you finally understand something? .. Pages 30-31 13 In the sentence: Many young people these days just won't accept the importance of good manners, what does won’t mean? i 14 Which of these modal verbs cannot normally be used to make a request for permission? @ can b could c may d must e should 15 What was the modal verb in this sentence? You. _ be Karina's mother, surely? You're far too young 24 16 In the survey, what percentage of people said that, they were chronically shy? a 10% b 25% ¢ 40% 4 65% 17 Complete the sentence with wh- words. People often have problems communicating in situations (1) they're unsure of Q) senssnesenesnen they'te speaking to. A lot depends on the way in (3) you say It. 18 What phrase means: to become quieter after you have been excited or emotional? Pages 32-33 19 In the sentence: The main thing to get across is... what does get across mean? a tocommunicate tofind ¢ to understand 20 What did Richard do after he failed his exams? 21 In the idiom meaning: to suddenly become very angry, what do you fly off 22 What kind of company does Anna work for? 23 Who is the flatmate from hell? sie 24 Rearrange the letters of two adjectives describing Julia. bit lostpi and helfss in all sorts of small ways Pages 34-35 25 How is the growth of email described? a exploded b exploding c explosive explosion 26 What do the letters FYI and BTW mean ? 27 Which of these words are incorrectly spelt? @ courrier b receive ¢ extremely d herewhith e punctuation 28 What city is Lucia moving to soon? 29 Write down three phrases which can be used for ‘agreeing to do something, 30 Rearrange the letters to make adjectives used to describe someone's attitude. 4 etilpo © trucental _epotovacier asucalVocabulary Body and spirit a) Match the definitions from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English with the pictures and write the correct word in the spaces. ihn Tao 1 | Hedy budlaling... m [U) an activity in which you do hhard physical exercise in order to develop big muscles 7 1n [C]a description of your character and the things that wll happen to you, based on the position of the stars and planets atthe time of your birth ‘ + VI] to empty your mind of thoughts and feelings in order to relax completely or for religious purposes m{C,U]a belief that some objects or actions are lucky and some are unlucky, based on old ideas of magic n{C]an animal, toy ete. that represents a team or organisation, and is thought to bring them good luck snr Vt speak to God in order to ask for help or give thanks 1n(U] the condition of not being able to sleep : jo (U] a treatment that uses massage with pleasant-smelling oils to reduce pain and make you feet well 9 [ccs [UT] the prictice oF sil oF treating physical problems such as back pain by moving or pressing muscles and bones 10 n[C]a meeting where people try to talk or receive messages from the spirits of dead people b) Write sentences showing the meaning of five of the words above.module 4 Write the correct word to complete each sentence. 1 The drug may make you lose your ..qpretif... for awhile appetite bhunger ctaste d palate 2 Bungee jumping is one of the many .. sports which are becoming more and more popular nowadays. abig bgreat chigh large 3 For me, there's no better way of relaxing than .. a massage after a hard day at work. doing bhaving cmaking d putting 4 If this diet is to work, you must - itvery strictly follow b practise c pursue d goon 5 With the high altitude in Mexico City, even ctimbing a few stairs can leave you breath. aoff bneeding coutof dwithout 6 Unfortunately, I'm allergic . all kinds of shellfish, so I never eat prawns. ato bat with dabout 7 Even now the illness has gone avray, I stil experience the occaslonal di22y «cn moment b period cspell d time 8 In an attempt to improve his physique, Manuel has, decided to take up weight. a building bexercise c practiced training 9 The doctor asked me how long I'd been suffering . . insomnia, aby bfrom cof dwith 10 Twas born on 7th July, and I met my wife in 1997 ~ seven is definitely my... number! a fortunate bglad chappy d lucky 11 Lighting is one of the many factors that can adversely . people's mood. affect beffect cmark d mould 12 The illness left him extremely weak and .... to other infections. available b jose inclined d prone 13 Although I read my horoscope every day, I don't really take ONY ..scsssvne OF attention bmind cnotice d part 14 I've been under so much pressure at work recently ‘that I feel completely stressed away boff cout dover 15 Many people who are . spiritual advice find it helpful to speak to the local priest. hunting b looking csearching 4 seeking 26 Grammar: adjectives and adverbs Word order: attributive / predicative adjectives Choose an adjective from the box to complete the sentences below. ‘alonté atraid mere alive ill live lone drunken asleep drunk sheer sick frightened only sleeping aioe his wife ded nearly twenty years ago, Walter hhas always lived .... b ‘We were lucky to get out of there ..... i said 20-year-old Sandra Hewlett after her dramatic rescue. © Mr Livingham denied accusations of behaviour at the awards ceremony. ‘I only had two glasses of wine all evening,’ he told journalists. d_ Prices are still very low if you go to the right place: you can even get a three-course lunch for a Tiinsinssents € Maria felt so happy, she wanted to laugh and sing from Joy. {Mother Teresa spent many years working with children in India 4g. The transportation of animals from one country to another remains a controversial issue. Her innocent expression and wide eyes gave her the look of a(n) ‘onimal, i Henry gently placed his into her cot, | Who knows whether the assassination was the work of a baby daughter gunman, or if there were others involved. It's often said that Antonia’s..... a tendency to be over-generous. 1 Itwas 3 a.m, by the time we got home. Not surprisingly, everyone in the house was m Asa child, 1 was always swe of the dark and had to sleep with the light on. n Itwas clear that many of the football supporters who started the violence had been in the bars all day and were Very ss... © Tim has had to leave work early. He sald he was FOCLINg vssecrrenee sone fault wasCompound adjectives Combine the words in brackets to form a suitable compound adjective to complete the sentences, a The combination of loud music and flashing lights cain produce nn FAME RE ue eC like) state. b Ina..... ... (bad temper) second half, one player from each side was sent off by referee Ramirez, ©The ssotsnesenetinestsesnseees (NEW appoint) head ‘of Nookia telephones is expected to announce a new series of redundancies soon. After the riots, the streets of the city were filled with the wrecks of (our out) cars. I've never tried any complementary therapies, but I think one should always be rosesessneeee (Open mind) about such things. f The only jobs available are. and require few qualifications. Q One of the aims of KitchenKraft is to make kitchen Installations as (use friend) as we possibly can. hh Itwas only a ight heart) comment, and certainly not meant to give offence. | Police are interviewing a 4 (ad year old) over the dlsappearance of the teenager, Mandy Jones. | Doyou know who that - (long hate) boy s? He’ absolutely gorgeous, isn’t he? k The song was originally written by a - (little know) Brazilian songwriter called . (bad pay) liane Baza. | From the airport, its a... - . (forty minute) car journey to the centre of town. Prefixes 5 4) Write the opposite of the words and phrases using a word which begins with a prefix in the box below. anti- sub- multi- dis- un- mal mis- under over- pre- in 1 overcooked 2 post-industrial 3 complete 4 understand 5 well-adjusted 6 honest 7 important 8 pro-American 9 monolingual 10 underpaid 11 above zero by Match each prefix in column A with two words in column B. Choose five of the words and write a definition / example sentence for them. Check your definitions / sentences in a good learner's dictionary. A B bi function inter sell mal centenary out changeable semi. number dependent finalist annual retired nourished 27module 4. Suffixes Complete the encyclopedia entries by forming an adjective from the word in brackets. Be careful to make any necessary spelling changes (use a good learner’s dictionary to help you) incon (1) ...FA/PHHEEE.... (Colout), (2) ...eseesese++000++ (odour) gas. Chemical symbol Ne, @) . (atom) number 10, Tubes containing neon are used in (4) sssessesseenee (lecticty) signs: i gives off a (5) .... (fire) red glow. Neruda, Pablo (1904-1973) Chilean poct. Among his most famous () sesseseeseenee literature) works isthe epic poem Canto General (1950). He also served in the (7) -.seesovsnene (diplomacy) service and was awarded the Nobel Prize fr literature in 1971 nervous breakdown popular term for a action co overwhelming (8) sssssseseenees (psychology) stress. There is no equivalent in 0 (medicine) terms. Someone suffering may become unusually (10) sesoceoeeseene (nity) in (11) saresesneesnes (Ste) situations nettle stinging plants with oval, voth-edged leaves. The (12) . (green) leaves are slightly (13) .oeese (poison) and can cause a (14) ove (Pain) ititation on the skin Newark larges city and port of New Jersey, USA. Ie is an important (15) - (commerce) and (16) svsesne finance) centre and the (17) ssseessessesne (administration) centre of Essex county. It is also a large producer of (18) .. + (lecricty) equipment. Adverbs of degree Cross out the two adverbs of degree which cannot combine with the adjective on the right. a absolutely really abit quite extremely GOOD b very absolutely totally really slightly FANTASTIC really not very completely extremely abit INTERESTING absolutely pretty quite alitle utterly PERFECT rather really absolutely utterly quite TALL f quite pretty rather 100%. totally RIGHT Pronunciation Stress in longer words (14.11 Put each word in the box below into the correct column according to its stress pattern. Use the recording to help you. allergic disorderly impressive relationship alternative exercise incompetent superstition appetite horoscope interactive Unconscious atmospheric imagine pregnancy unimportant Ooo Cee allergic 28 Patterns to notice Comparative and superlative adjectives 9 Complete the text with the appropriate form of the adjective in brackets. For city dwellers inthe summer months, the (1) ..Aatéer... (het) it gets, the (2) (great) the danger from air pollution, But did you know that eating strawberries is fone of (3) (easy) ways of resisting ar pollution? They are rich in pollution-busting ellagc ci... and What could be (4) (nice) than a delicious bow! of Strawrberies on a hot summer's day? There's nothing (5) (bad) than an attack of sunburn... 59 ‘no one should go out into the sun without plenty of factor 20. But the ‘more fruit and vegetables you eat — partculaly mangos, sweet potatoes, amots and apricots. — the © (resistant) your skin becomes ta the sun’ harmful ays. And (7) (Good) thing about this form of sun protection is that it tastes alot (8) (Good) than sun cream too! What could be (9) (good) for cooling off than an afternoon at the swimming pool? But be careful ~ the mare time you spend inthe water, the (10) (Wkly) itis that you'l be exposed to ‘water-borne bacteria, which can cause ear and throat infection. If you're in and out of the swimming pool every few minutes, Xylitol, a natural sweetener from a birch tree, is among (11)... (fective) protectors ~ and you can buy it in chewing-gum form ~ so. the more you chew (12) healthy) you'll bet aemodule 4 Listen and read The Quest for Immortality 1 0” © [4.2] Read and / or listen to the text below. | The Quest for Immortality Sciomtfie breakthroughs mean that 38 natal care. Since there is only limited unrepaired faults in the cells and life expectancy continues to rise every potential for further advances in 70 tissues of our bodies, not asthe result ear. But the medical advances which these areas, some scientists think we of some active mechanism for death now make it possible to contemplate have almost reached the limit of and destruction,’ The trick, then, is living t0 a very great age ~ if not human longevity. Dr Jay Olshansky, to help the body repair the damage forever — also raise profound practical 40 of the University of Chicago, for done by wear ancl tear ‘and ethical issues. ‘example, believes that the only way of adding to life expectancy now is to make old people live longer — a painstaking process that will be 45 measured in weeks or months, not years, The real challenge now facing biologistsis to learn how to delay the ageing process, 75 How can that be done? In many different ways, some of which are already pretty ‘commonplace. Organ transplants from pigs and monkeys are now old ‘9 news ~ the American politician Jesse male lifespan went up from 48 in elms has just hada ten-year-old pig, 1901 to 75 in 2000, (During the same valve in his heart replaced. Laser eye 15 time, the female lifespan rose from 49 So is immortality a realistic prospect? surgery has become so commonplace to 80.) Scientists have always So Not forthe foreseeable future. In last that Americans can now get it in imagined that this rise would til off, year’s Reith leetures', the as shopping malls. Doctors have ut that does not seem to be gerontologist Professor Tom succeeded in wiring computerised happening. Since 1840, people born Kirkwood firmly quashed the notion implants directly to nerve fibres, 20 in any year have, on average, lived that genetic engineering might result allowing the deaf to hear, and there is three months longer than those born 55 in some kind of fountain of youth’, hope that electrodes planted in the the previous year — a consistent Considering how frustratingly slow 90 brain may soon offer hope for the increase that still holds true today. A the battles against cancer, heart blind to see. But the real potential at paper published in Science magazine disease and strokes have been, he the moment lies in the field of stem 2s has wamed that, at the current rate, said, itis fanciful to imagine that we cells ~ special cells that allow lizards female life expectancy in developed 60 could conquer death. On the other to grow new tails and humans to countries could be as high as 101 hand, scientists do now understand 95 grow new skin over minor cuts. If by 2070. more about why we age, and what scientists can learn how to control can be done to slow down the these cells, they could be used to process. ‘Our ancestral genes placed regenerate parts of the body that are How long are we living now? Over the past century, life 10 expectancy in developed countries has risen at an astonishing rate, In Britain, for example, the average Why are we lasting so much longer? 80 Mainly because of better nutrition, better. housing, vaccination © limited priority on long-term fang programmes and a dramave ™™umfenance and repais) says reduction in infant mortality due to Kitkwood. ‘Ageing comes shout 4 ' “_ igh the gradual build-up of — sienona scientific topic advances in both pre-natal and post. "owsh the gradual build-up of b) Read the statements below. Based on the information in the text, mark them P (possibly true), D (definitely true) or U (unlikely). People in the UK are living much longer than they used to. 2. It will be common for women to live to over 100 in the year 2070. .. Infant mortality will continue to fall sharply. Life expectancy will not carry on rising as dramatically as in the past. One day, we may be able to live forever... Scientists understand much more about the ageing process nowadays. Replacing body parts is now a common operation. There will be a cure for blindness in the future 29module 4. Check your pronunciation 1 a) = [4.3] Listen again to this extract from 11 the tex Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. 1 Why are we lasting so much longer? (1) Mainly because of better nutrition, better housing, vaccination programmes and a dramatic reduction 5 in infant mortality (2) due to advances in both pre-natal and post-natal care. Since there is only Timited potential (3) for further advances in these areas, some scientists think we have 10 almost reached the Timit of human longevity (4). Dr Jay Olshanksy, of the University (5) of Chicago, for example, believes that the only way of adding to life expectancy now is to make old 15 people live longer — a painstaking process that will be measured in weeks for months, not years The real challenge now facing biologists is to Jearn how to delay the ageing process. Pronunciation points 1 Notice the intonation in the question Why are we lasting so much longer? This indicates that the speaker is especially interested or puzzled. 2 Notice the intonation of the items in thelist the voice goes up on the first (nutrition, housing, programmes, reduction) and down on the last item (infant mortality). 3 Notice the /[a/ sound in potential. itis also heard in nutrition (line 2), vaccination (line 3) and reduction (line 4) 4 Notice the stress pattern in the word longevity @@e0 . The following words have a similar stress pattern: mortality (line 5) and expectancy (line 14). 5 Notice how the and University are linked with a {iJ sound. Notice the similar way in which the only (ine 13) and the ageing (line 19) are pronounced. b) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. 30 Wordspot Idioms to do with the body 4D camelete the sentonces wih the appropriate part of the body. 1 The police seem to be tuning a blind ... to his activities. 2 I tried not to laugh, but I couldn't keep a straight me. 3 He won the final down, 4 Tjust can’t get my. round these instructions. 5 Is that true or are you pulling my 2 6 Everything in her garden grows beautifully: she has green 7 Twas a a... -raising experience: I was terrified! 8 [ offered my cat some biscuits, but she turned her up at them, 9 Busy? I'm up to my init, 10 Daniela cooked us a ‘watering meal, 11 As the big moment approached, I could feel the butterflies in my . 12 ‘How's your lovely wife?’ I asked David ... and remembered they'd just got a divorce. I'd put my in it as usual 13 Oh no! I've dropped it. I'm all fingers and. today. -rending speech ~ everyone 14 Itwasa was very moved. 'b) Match the illustrations to six of the expressions above.module 4 ‘iti b) Tick (¥) the sentences in which Check your writing the word in italics is spelt Confusing spellings correctly. Correct the ones where it is spelt incorrectly 1. Can I ask your advice about a personal problem? v .. 2. He won first price in a competition... 22. 3. Trouble began to flair up between police and 1....aee..... w{U]an opinion you give someone about what you should do 4 demonstrators, Try not to let the pressure affect 2| »[T] to tell someone what you think they should do. { you ~ just stay calm and 13 a) The words in the box can be confusing because of their spelling. Write the word next to the appropriate definition. advice effect loose advise prize flair lose relief affect flare pain relieve price strait breathe breath life pane live straight focused. 3 ‘2 {C, U] the way in which an event, action or person changes 5 He was wearing a loosefitting someone or something shirt which looked very good on him. .. 4| ..»{T] to do something that produces a change in someone 6 The doctor has prescribed some or something painkillers to relief the pain. -1{C] the air that you take in and send out from your lung si i) = —— 7 Yd say he has enough to set | sss (1, T] to take air into your lungs and send it out again hhim up for live. 8 1'm going to see the doctor 7 2 singular a natural ability to do something about the pane in my chest. | ‘up r [I] (oF a disease or illness) to suddenly become worse or 9 We crossed a narrow straight of more painful water separating the two islands. cs 10 One of the main affects of global warming is rising sea | ‘adj [only before noun} | not dead or artificial 2 performance that is for an audience of people rather than fora film / recording 10 [,snsnenseee 8 (C] the period between a person’ birth and death a 11 It was stupid of me to loose my 4 saee ‘adj wot Firaly fixed in place oF tight temper like that... 12 Llove the sound of raindrops on ai 1 T not to win a game or argument 2 to be unable to find the window pane, [something that you had before 13 The group are to play some life concerts in May. 13 [ov nnnse RICGU] the fesng you have when a part of your body hurts id Renee 14 ‘n[C]a sheet of glass used in a window or a door ‘Banat beets a 15 Tle it was a fair price to pay 15 71} the amount of money for which something s Bought for such a beautifl item, offered or sold 16 It was such a relieve that my 16 |. cecssscssse 1 [C] Something that is given to someone who has been coat hadn't been stolen. successful in a competition, rac, game, ete 17 It was so funny, 1 couldn’t keep v ~risingular [U]a feeling of comfort when something strat face. ightening, worrying or painful has ended or not happened 18 Would you adbice mie f gait a diet, doctor? 18 » [T]10 make a pain, problem, unpleasant feeling less severe me ae — 19 Running up those stairs has left 19) ‘ad something which is not curved or curly me out of breath. 20 We need someone with a real 20 1 offen plural [Cla narrow passage of water between Iwo flare for design. nal [areas of land, usually connecting two seas 31Do You Page 36-37 1 What is the title of the module? 2+ What, according to the saying, are the windows to the soul? .. 8 Wholt part of their body-do people sorustiznes have read in order to predict the future? 4 Which of the following is not a complementary therapy? a aromatherapy b insomnia c osteopathy 5 Write the adjective form of these nouns. luck. b spirit. ¢ allergy 6 What phrasal verb means to discover information, or learn something? Pages 38.39 7 What idiom means: to accept something new without letting it trouble you in any way? 8 Which therapy did Alison Hatch try? 9 When the therapist asked Alison what she was stressed about, what was her answer? 10 Supply the prepositions in this sentence from the text. She would then talk (1) problems had come (2). @. the beginning of the session and she counted back (4)... ten and took me ). 11 What was Alison's answer to the little boy's question: Miss, what are you doing? 12 What are the other three therapies described? whatever Pages 40-41 12 Match the two halves of the compound adjectives bad up laid minded open back worked tempered 32 14 Which of the adjectives below can complete the sentence? The consultation was very njeceriete Roel rae ete 15 What does the prefix inter- mean? 16 Which word means: a large number of things that are scattered somewhere In an untidy way? 17 What kind of walk is among the most effective forms of exercise? 18 Scientists from which university have discovered that palmistry may have some basis in scientific truth? Pages 42-43, 19 What word in the Useful language box means: very worried or nervous about something? 20 What fs the missing modal verb in these example sentences? a tt easily have happened. b She have felt terified ¢ Personally, | don’t think she . have 21 What is Glynn Griffith's job? 22 How much is the top prize? 23 What phrase means: the person or team who finishes second in a competition? .. 24 What is the word for someone who has been nominated for an award? Pages 44-45 25 If you win very easily, do you win: feet down, fingers down, hands down or thumbs down? 26 What do you have in your stomach when you feel very nervous? 27 What are you likely to do if you are all fingers ‘and thumbs? 28 What is the name of the fitness centre? 29 Which person at the fitness centre: will provide you with an exercise video? can design a diet for you? .. 30 What is the minimum period for which you can join the fitness centre? .module 5 Vocabulary Word building Education 3 a) Complete the table below. Mark the main stress on each word. Use a dictionary if copys words and phrases inthe box below netbasaty into the appropriate column, - verb person noun | adiective elementary professor graduation nursery ; lecture undergraduate online learning 1 ford. | 2 foundation refresher course junior toddler skip lectures ; 7 ° fullmarks grades primary dropout degree > Be 5 grSduate eee 2 | children's | adult both Sore : | education | education > Shows (before 15) E Seucate 10 " 2 elomente stats | 7 :, expect 13 15 14 : spSculate | 16 7 18 volunteer | 19 20 Collocations i): Wier tia eet opten do orl b) Choose ten of the words and write a sentence to sentences show the meaning. The school aims to encourage people to take a full sir ar Newhon ee onside be the endef. ptt / place | piece in society. eee alta, The new town council has promised to cope with / dea! with / treat the problem of urban crime, © Mazda is a company which tries to give all its employees a(n) comment / opinion / say in how the business is run, d__ Retirement will give Henderson the chance to chase / pursue / take after his other interests. There have been a number of attempts to encourage young people to become activated / concerned / involved in criminal activities. f There's no doubt that high unemployment plays a factor | role | roll in increasing the crime rate. 9 The Conference will be an ideal opportunity for teachers and students to get together and share / distribute / give out their experiences. hh This match provides us with an excellent occasion / opportunity | place to try out some new players 1 Itwas Oscar Wilde who made the famous announcement / observation / allegation that nothing worth knowing can be taught. j Children at primary schoo! do not only learn the three Rs: they also begin to develop social abilities / skis [talents which they will need throughout their school and working life 33module 5 Patterns to notice Particles which add meaning to verbs a) Complete the phrases below with the correct dependent preposition. 1 aimed ...... people in thelr 20s 2 call someone ...... their frst name 3 tell him ......« your problem 4 suffer ........ an aching back 5 do something your problem 6 thinking ........ what she said 7 work 4 multinational corporation 8 to gaze . 9 subjected her some coloured lights ‘an awful experience 10 what I dislike my city is 11 believe ...... life after death 12 shout ........ Someone in a rude way 13 WoRTy «so...» Somebody 14 pay cavees a meal 15 blame someone else ........ what happened b) Write in the verbs in the correct place in the table. about | at | by | for | from| in | to Complete the sentences with a suitable particle from the box below. down out(3) up away around on off” to a. “Where have you been? Haw many dma dT have to tell you not to wander... without telling me? - Tttook a minute ors forthe laughter 10 lev clloming Marin to resume hs speech sa gol to oe programmes to members of the ude os they come in, d__ It's Linda's responsibility to lock .. school clases at 9 otek, Ifyou want to write serrate, {Despite the torrential rain, the band played... and the audience clapped and cheered, 4 Testime someone hod the courage to speak. and reveal who is responsible for ths appaling situation. The bus didn't leave for another three hours, so we had nothing to do but wait... getting bored. {Although Donna was quite shy to begin with, after a few minutes she Was chatting «n.- quite happy J) Our company is sending... sample copes ta thousands of potential customers. + when the us, our website address is Pronunciation Different pronunciations of -ch, -gh, -th and -ss a) (© [5.1] Listen to the example words showing the different ways in which -ch,-gh,-th and -ss are pronounced. 1 -ch_ji{/ approach children Jk/ school ache 2 gh /fj cough laugh (ilent) through sought 3 th /0/ earth throw Jaf together without 4-88 /s/ possibility stress {J admission passion ) In the words and phrases below, decide how the underlined letters are pronounced. Write the correct symbol in the space. 1a mathematical calculation /6/ 2 alleather jacket // 3 cheer up/ / 4a tough question // S out of breath | / 6 successful / / 7 weight-training / / 8 pressured into something | / 9 use a technique // 10 havea breather | / 11 fair enough | / 12 keep a straight face | / 13 daily assembly! / 14 a great deal of discussion | / 15 join in the chorus // 16 the punch line / J 17 aneighbouring country | / 18 a proactive approach / / 19 neither here nor there f/f / 20 all fingers and thumbs /_/ 21 a scholarship /_/ 22 a rough draft | 23 abig issue / / 2A recess) / ¢) © [5.2] Listen to the recording and check your answers.module 5 Grammar: passive forms Passive forms with be 7 Complete the text using the correct passive form. Back from the Dead? Scientists Closer to Cloning Tasmanian Tiger 1 Around the world, hundreds if not thousands of species of animals (1) ..0re Hhreatened,.. (threaten) with extinction ... but the latest scientific developments could mean that one day even extinct 5 animals (2) (bring back) to life using DNA technology. The last-known Tasmat tiger died in a 200 in Hobart, Australia in 1936. Fifty years later, the species (3) (declare) extinct, But in 1999, a research project into DNA. 10 cloning (4) (set up) at the Australian Museum in Sydney, and nov, after three yeurs work, high quality DNA (5) (extract) from a baby tiger which o (preserve) in a jar of alcohol 15 since 1866. According to scientists, there is now a chance of the Tasmanian tiger (7)... . (resurrect) using techniques similar to those whic ®) (use) to create cloned sheep in the 1990s. If undamaged DNA (9) 20 (recover) it could (10) seveeeseee (insert) into the empty eyg of a related living species, such as a Tasmanian Devil However, the technology for the final stage of cloning where the Tasmanian Tiger's. DNA 2s (il) (place) into a Tasmanian Devil host which (12) (strip) ofits own genetic material — is still (13) (develop) “Ws a very significant breakthrough, said Professor 30 Michael Archer, Professor of Zoology at the University of New South Wales, “Although there's still a lot of work (14) ~ (do), there's now a real possibility of Tasmanian tigers as, (released) into the wild within 35 the next decade” Using passive forms with reporting verbs Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets. The marriage between singer Frankie Martin and the actress Loma Reed 498 suppesed te be, (eupposed / be) the perfect match: ut in fact it only lasted a year The killer sense (elie f escape) in a stolen car which was later found abandoned. During the 1960s, this kind of furniture 7 (consider / be) the last word in style and good taste. The former champion «sete think / consider) a come-back at present. American TV star Hope de Loris vrs (rumour / spend) $1.4 million on a lavish new home ... for her pet dog! ‘New crime figures released by the government i (expect / show) a dramatic rise in offences committed by young people. Actor Mel Donnelly insisted that his remarks (not intend / cause) offence, and he offered his full apologies to the audience, Raimondo’s new sponsorship deal with Badidas - (report / be) worth €5 milllion over the next sIx years. (not The police were taking no risks, as the man they were looking f0r ...... (know / bbe) armed and dangerous. The Foreign Minister ...c.nsesteesesene (allege / be) involved in extreme left-wing politi during his student days in the 1970s. Although he was admitted to hospital late on Thursday, the 82-year-old actor’s medical condition (not understand / be) life- threatening, The getaway car which police have found by the side of a main road (assume / be) stolen the previous day. 35module 5 Passive forms without be Improve the style of the newspaper article below by crossing out 14 words which are unnecessary or incorrect. Passive forms with get and have 10 Seats taeieinn sees of get or have and the words in brackets. CO ee Cee hed cue 8 Pupils who have been enrolled for exams at 4 @ Nottingham school will be fed a diet of 5 bananas and classical music. Teachers ot + Kensal Green Girls’ School hope thei 7 students’ brain power will be increased by the special regime. When she was interviewed on local television, head teacher 0 Sarch Weaver said, ‘Every girl will be }) given @ banana on exam mornings to help 12 them get their brains into gear.’ Soothing 1 classical music — which is played at low \4 volume through concealed speakers — is 15 believed to colm candidates’ nerves and 1 put them in a relaxed frame of mind as they 1 enter the examination hall. The experiment — 18 which is based on similar techniques used in 1 US universities ~ is likely to be imitated in 2 other Nottingham schools if it is found to 21 be successful 36 You can’t go to @ formal party dressed lke that, You'd better... get hanged... (change). > Can't you ever drive anywhere without us (lost)? © Nobody seemed to care about the abandoned car in front of the house. In the end we had to pay (removed) d_ We had only been driving across country for a few miles when the Van ossoro sve (Stuck) on the muddy track. @ There's someone at the door. If Lwere you, 1 : (dressed) and see who itis £ Right, everybody ... it's 8.30 and I think you'd agree that it's time we .. (Started) 9. Ittook us nearly an hour, but in the end we managed (the piano) up the staircase, hh Ifyou don’t make some attempt to conceal your jewellery, there's a good chance that it (stolen) 1 Ali had high hopes of winning the tennis tournament, but in fact he .. (beaten) in the very frst round j Nomatter how carefully ! pack my suitcase, my shirts always seem so. (creased). k TV presenter Mary-Anne Pickford and her rock star boyfriend Dave Gavin are rumoured --» (engaged) during their romantic holiday in Greece. 1 I think Michelle's at the hairdresser. She's probably (hair / done) right now. m I'm sorry about the meal ...I forgot I'd put it in the oven and I think it (burn), 1 Natalia (cars / pierced) when she was just a toddler.Listen and read From a Distance a) © [5.3] Read and / or listen to the article 11 about distance tearing | From a Distance A Brief History of Distance Learning 1 distance learning » [Ul] « method of study that involves using lectronie means (computers, Intemet, ete.) to receive and send ‘work rater than going to a school of university “Knawledge,’ according to the proverb ‘is power.” And in this, electronic age, more and more of our Information is gained notin the classroom, but via media such as the Internet, CD= ROM and cable TV... all of which are playing a key part in the distance learning revolution. Here are three figures in this key ‘educational change which is transforming our lives in the asst century. Sir Isaac Pitman Those who think that distance learning is a relatively new idea might be surprised to learn that English educator, Sir Isaac Pitman, had the same idea = only then they were called correspondence courses ~ more than 150 years ago. Taking advantage of /— the development of a reliable postal system in 1840, Pitman began teaching shorthand" by mail to thousands of students who did not have time to attend school. ‘Lessons’ consisted of copying short passages of the Bible in shorthand, and posting them to Mz. Pitman to be corrected. His brother, Benn Pitman, Introduced the idea to the United States, and the Pitman shorthand system = which has been adapted to fifteen other languages ~is still one of the most widely used shorthand aa 3 \ . The Open University 35 When itwas established in 1969, the Open University offered courses via mail, with the backup of regular TV radio programmes shown outside normal broadcast times. Each student was assigned discussed the course work tutor who ‘over the phone, and in group sessions in the evenings or at weekends. Thirty years on, the Open University has expanded to include the Internet, videoconferencing, satellite broadcast and e. se mail. There are no entry qualifications or admission interviews, and anyone over the age of 18 can follow one oF their courses. It is now Britain's largest single teaching institution, with more than 200,000 people studying its courses every yeat, with another 26,000 in other countries ss around the world John Hendricks and The Discovery Channel After a successful career in university education, John S Hendricks entered the TV business and launched the Discovery Channel ~ the first cable TV channel exclusively devoted to documentaries and nature programmes ~in June 1985. Today the company’s programmes reach over 150 million subscribers in more than a hundred countries. in an age where competition for TV audiences has never been tougher, the Discovery Channel's high-quality, educational approach continues to defy those who believe that TVis only about mindless entertainment, The BBC programme Walking with Dinosaurs became the most-watched documentary in TV history when it was shown on the Discovery Channel in 2000. 6 * a sytem fr oritng down what oeple ave saying using spell sigs 19 esate woes iatere and phrases eo b) According to the texts: 1 Who first had the idea of teaching shorthand by comespondence? aac Pitman 2 who took the idea of correspondence courses to |” thetinited states? what three methods were originally used for course work by the Open University? ‘i ‘what entry qualifications are required to do a course at the Open University? 5 what type of progrommes ae shown on the Discovery Channel? ‘what programme attracted the most viewers ever for @ TV documentary? 37module 5 Check your pronunciation 1 2 © [5.4] Listen to the phrases below. Notice the pronunciation of the letters in bold in each case. Practise saying the phrases yourself. ‘more of our information distance learning short passages group sessions ‘admission interviews «a successful career TV audiences ‘mindless entertainment Wordspot way 1 3 Complete the sentences. I's coming, It's ..2%... its way, b_ Ifsomething is blocking you, it’s the way © This is the wrong mah 4 MOVE! Will you please get of the way! @ want a much bigger one, This {is Way «eee Small! £ Ifyou take extra trouble, you go of your way to do something. She's determined to have her way. 1 Ifyou're lost, you can always the way. |... but some people prefer to try dnd .....0. the way themselves! J Hyou go first, you the way. k You shouldn’t get lost if you the way, 1 This is the wrong yaw 38 Check your writing Linking words and phrases (2) 4 Read the set of tips below. Underline the best linking word or 1A pase. How to Improve your Desk Space + Provent back problems | A) because of I by tif when using & height- adjustable desk (2) it / what J which | whose can be electronically raised 0 you have intervals of sitting down and then standing up. % Your feet should be flat on the ground (). If not, | In case J So that I Therefore you need to buy a footrest. * Position the computer sereen an arm’s length away, adjusting the height (4) for inorder for | so as to 1 so that your eyes are in line with the top. * Make sure ther sufficient light for your desk. (5) As well / Consequently | However I Therefore try not to allow light to reflect off your screen causing a glare * Tilt your screen slightly downwards: when your head is angled down your eyelids cover more of your eyeballs, (6) for helping I helping 1 it helps | that helps to keep them moist * Don't put reading material flat on the desk. (7) In addition | Instead /Otherwise 1 Unless put paper on a copy-holder or stand so you can read comfortably. * Learn to use your mouse with both hands (8) for / it can 1 in order to | which prevent Repetitive Strain Injury.bo you remember? Pages 46-47 1 What is the title of the module? 2 What three types of course are mentioned in C? 3 What phrasal verb means: to leave @ course before it finishes? 4 You will usually find professors working in secondary schools. True or False? . 5 What are the Three R8? .... 6 What does a vocational course prepare you for? Pages 48-49 7. The research on the effects of television was done ‘with 200 - who? ... as & According to the saying, what does the early bird catch? ... F 9 What word comes before the words toys, material and videos? 10 In which country was the research about children’s anxieties done? i 11 Complete the title of one of the texts: We All Have Genius Us. ‘12 What is the name of the film about an idiot, savant featuring Dustin Hoffman? Pages 50-51 13 Which particle adds the idea of pointless activity, around or away? .... " 14 What phrasal verb means: fo go to the airport / station, etc., to say goodbye to someone? 15 If someone reads out something, do they: a read italoud? b continue reading it? © read it silently? 16 What is the name of the head teacher at the Phoenix High School in London? 17 What three things are mentioned as social evils? 18 Which of these words are spelt incorrectly? a expeariences b observations c opportunaty d tolerence e perspectives Pages 52-53 19 Rearrange the words to make a sentence. are / buying CDs / Expectant / into / like / mothers / Mozart for mothers-to-be / pressured 20 Choose the modal verb to complete the sentence. There's something important that { had to / must have / should have mentioned before, 21 What word means the same as extremely important? 22 The task to teach what to others? 23 List eight parts of the body mentioned in the instructions for giving mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. 24 What phrase means: carefully, in a logical order? Pages 54-55 25 The writing task is to write what from notes? 26 Which is the correct form in the sentence? Try type / to type | typing a plus sign between the words. 27 If something is blocking the path, is it in the way or on the way? 4 28 Which is the correct form in the sentence? No way I'm going to / am I going to /1' do that. 29 Is going out of your way to help someone a way of ‘avoiding helping them, or giving them extra help? 30 What are the missing verbs? a the way (= discover the route somewhere) DB cseatsstrsene the Way (= be familiar with the route somewhere) c the way ( ask for directions)module 6 Vocabulary Double your money Choose a word or phrase from the box below to complete the sentences. broke priceless worthless stingy bankrupt ransom tip- pension subsidy bribes fee automatic cash machine a The waitress was so rude, and the service so slow, that we decided not to leave a «..... AP... at the end of the meal. b [just couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw the . that my lawyer had charged me ... € 750! c The Star of Africa ~ belonging to the Queen of England — is the largest cut diamond in the world ‘and fs regarded as utterly 7 4. Unfortunately, many ofthe ‘authentic’ autographs ‘bought and sold on the Intemet are not genuine, and as such are completely € Despite being one of the richest men in the USA, ‘Texas oil billionaire HL Hunt was so ... he refused to buy lunch: he always brought his own sandwiches to meetings! £ Some politicians are arguing that the «........0 diven to suppor the unprofitable transport system Is too high. 4 Now they've retired, my grandparents only have their to live on. hh The young man was released by the kidnappers ‘when his family agreed to pay a... of $100,000. 1 KPInternet Services, which has been making huge losses over the last three years, finally went last month. j At the time of his arrest, the former company director was homeless and completely k The ety mayor is at the centre of a scandal in which hhe is accused of accepting . . from local businessmen, 1 Ohno! The has taken my card and the ‘bank's closed. What can I do? Definitions a) Match the words in the box below to the definitions. Sesunre smart backpacker commuter ingenious convict lavish flip ratings grasp speechless top vf reseme. formal to start doing something again after a pause or interruption 2 adj clever, original and effective nn (C] a person who travels around on holiday carrying their possessions ina large bag on their back scm ‘adj large and generous, and looking asif it costs a lot of money 5] n(C] someone who travels a long distance to work every day 6 [oes nseneseee aj one of the best oF most successful 7 ‘on M your ability to understand a complicated idea or situation 8 adj especially AmE clever, intelligent ¥ BrE to spin a flat object such as a coin into the air as a way of deciding something tof... ‘2 [C] someone who has been found to be guilty of a crime and sent to prison uf 1 pla ist which shows which films, television programmes, etc., are the most popular R 1 adj unable to speak because you feel very angry, upset, etc b) Choose five of the words. Write an example sentence to show their meaning.module 6 Pronunciation Grammar: time and tense Diphthongs General a) & [6.1] Diphthongs are Read the joke about Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson. Write one two vowel sounds 4 ‘example of each verb form in the table below. Which verb form is pronounced together. Listen to not included? the examples, and practise saying the sounds and the words. siripte: Contioous 1 Jer/way 4 /at/buy Fiend 2 foisboy 5 fav/ now 3 fev/go 6 fea/dare Presei 'b) Put the words in the box below { | into the correct column. Perfect | clair broke doubt grow: | Past were having | rate coin tight bear bribe borrow count toy faic drown join Past Perfect 1 Feil way Fiture: 2 Joi! boy Future . Perfect 3 Jv! go 4 fai! buy Elementary, my dear Watson ee : 1 Shertock Holmes and Dr Watson were . ae having a camping holiday in the countryside, On their final evening, they decided to go to bed as soon as they had satis iran Finished their simple meal, as they were 6 feo! dare leaving carly the next morning. Some time later, Watson woke up. He saw his friend was Iying awake, staring atthe stars. He had obviously been doing this for some time. “Watson; said Holmes,‘ have been studying the stars forthe last ten minutes ©) & [62] Listen to the 10 and I have just made @ brilliant deduction. Before I tell you what itis, ook tp at the stars and tell me what you see. recording and check your answers. Practise saying the Watson thought for a moment. words. ‘Well, the stats are shining brightly, which means it will probably be a wonderful day tomortow.” 15 "No, not that, said Holmes. “Try again.” “Let me see... I observe that the Moon is at angle of 65 degrees, and will be setting in approximately one hour. I therefore deduce that the time is approximately 2.25 a.m." “No, not that either’ said Holmes Try again.” 20 ‘Um ... in another five hours, we will have been on holiday for exactly one week. amodule 6 Unusual uses of ‘present’ verb forms a) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets, 1 A hamburger... The barman says, ‘Sorry, we (serve) food.’ 2 Don't forget to pick up all your belongings before you ssn (MOVE). 3 In the opening chapier, Pip, the hero of the novel, have) a terrifying encounter (walk) into a bar. MELEE ane with a convict. 4 Santa Rosa man oT charges. (Full story page 2.) 5 The police (be) to introduce a new identity card scheme for teenagers. 6 So it is with great pride that |. (declare) this supermarket open .. 7 We're determined to enjoy the game, whether or not our team (win). B And Foster (smash) that ball Into the net ... love-40! 9 The next person who .. . (hout out) will receive a punishment. Please put your hands up! 10 According to this, the next train (leave) till 10 o'clock. What shall we do? (deny) tax 'b) Match each sentence to one of the uses of the Present Simple below. ‘© To talk about past situations in newspaper headlines. 4 ‘+ To talk about the past when we tell a joke, relate a story, book or play. ‘© To refer to an action which happens at the moment of speaking ‘© To describe or commentate on a present ‘action * To describe future events which are programmed or timetabled, a * To rrefer to the future after time conjunctions such as if; when, before, as soon as, etc. ‘+ After relative pronouns such as who and where in subordinate clauses introduced by as, than and whether. 42 Verb forms used to talk about unreal situations 6 Underline the correct form of the verb to complete the sentences. a If had / have / will have a bit more time, V'd be delighted to help. Do you ever wish you listened / you'd listened / you've listened to all the advice you were given when you were younger? Suppose we took / we'd taken / we've taken a taxi to the airport... how much do you think it would cost? d_ What would your reaction be if I was to / were to / ‘am to tell you that you've been chosen to appear on Iv? Sally and I just wanted / have wanted / are wanting to thank you for all the support you've given us. £ Anybody would have done the same if they are / had been / were in my position, 9g It’s time you face up / will face up | faced up to the truth, You have to accept that she’s not coming back. I'm not sure how to ask you this, I am wondering / was wondering / have wondered if you'd like to go out with me some time, 4 I'd rather you don’t make / hadn't made { didn’t make rude comments about my cooking, if you don’t mind. J Imagine you can / could / ’d been able have a date with anyone in the world ... who would it be? Kk Has there been / Was there / Were there anything else I ‘can get for you, madam? 1 fT knew / know / “d known how ungrateful Michael ‘would be, I would never have agreed to help him. m I wish I can / could / willbe able understand what he's singing about, but I don’t know a word of Spanish. n_T’d sooner we leave / left | ‘d lef as quickly as possible, if you don’t mind, © You really should have been more careful! Suppose someone is driving | was driving / had been coming the other way.module 6 Tense and time: the sequence of tenses Match the half-sentences and write ten correct sentences. a. Kay told me Z Kay tells me Whenever I see him .. When I saw him .. 1 just happened to be passing, ... If T happen to be passing, . Whenever I happen to be passing, .. People hundreds of years ago believed .. A few people still believe ... Scientists proved many years ago . T can't help laughing. 1 drop by and see her. Tl drop by and see you. so I thought I'd drop by and see you. that the earth isn't flat. the earth was flat you were having a barbecue this evening, you're having a barbecue this evening. I couldn't help laughing. 10 the earth is flat, Patterns to notice Inversion with negative adverbials Correct the sentences below, paying attention to the negative adverbials. Under no circumstances peeplesheuld-approach-the eiminel as he is highly dangerous. Gaede ne circumstances should pepe sppreach the erie as he highy dangers... Only then I noticed that something was missing, Rarely I have witnessed such enthusiasm, No way we're going to get this finished tonight. Seldom the economic outlook has looked so gloomy. Not only you lied to me, you also stole my money. No longer women expect men to provide for them. economically. Not once he said ‘thank you for all the help I gave him. Only now I realise how foolish I was, Never before so many people have participated in a TV game show. On no account what I've told you should be revealed to anyone else. 43module 6 Listen and read Super-rich Stop Spoiling their Kids a) &¥ [6.3] Read and / or listen to the text Super-rich Stop Spoiling their Kids. What exactly is affluenza? Super-rich Stop Spoiling their Kids Millionaires cut back inheritances to combat ‘affluenza’ 1 Pity America’s rich kids Their millionaire parents are giving away ther inheritances and limiting their legacies to ‘middle- class levels. A study by Harvard University fundraiser and ‘author, Chatles W Collie, has found that as many as 600,000 5 of the 3.2 million millionaires in the US will give away the bulk of their personal fortunes for fear of spoiling their children, It is part of a growing trend in the US: the fight against ‘aMMuenza’, the problems associated with having (00 much money. 10 Ofcourse, are everywher \Muenza is not restricted 10 the US —rich people But it is only in the US, particularly in Los Angeles, that they have managed to elevate the matter to one enormous public concern, with a mass of TV documentaries, magazines and even bank seminars Isexamining this trendiest of dysfunctional behaviours Endemic as alfluenza may well be, it is nothing compared with the behaviour of the super-wealthy as they take precautions against the condition affecting their offspring This is especially so in Hollywood. of 20. Take film stars Michael Douglas and Catherine Zeta-Jones, for example, Among their son Dylan's christening gifts was a charity foundation, worth an estimated S1.65m, established to teach the boy how to give avay money, ‘We shall see how hhe deals with this duty before giving him any mote? the 44 25 London Sunday Times quoted Douglas as saying, Said actress Jamie Lee Curtis, who together with film director husband Christopher Guest has adopted two children, Annie and Thomas: “I want them to have enough money to pay a restaurant bill, not buy the restaurant and fire the waiter Civitopher Ges andJanie Le Gu 30 Susan Sarandon, who has two sons, Jack and Miles, with fellow actor Tim Robbins, put it this way: “Money addles the brain. I see enough damaged Hollywood brats around us to see what happens when parents are content to show their love posthumously’ The rich don't want their children to end up like Raphael de Rothschild, heir to one of the world’s largest fortunes. He was found dead, at 23, on a New York pavement two years ago after overdosing on heroin. De Rothschild was ‘old money’ but many among the self-made millionaires believe there is a valuable lesson to be learnt from his demise, x Sociologists have been quick to point out that the new rich were entrepreneurs who derived satisfaction from earning money, not spending it. One, Jeremy Brigthon, from South California University, points out that many of them were brought up in the 1960s with ‘liberal guilt’ about money. “That is why Bill Gates, the richest man in the world, said he would not leave his family more than $100-million’ Brigthon do not want their two snoid, pointless life. This is true of an said. “He and his wife, Melin children to live @ pa increasing number of newly wealthy people beyond New 50 York and Washington.module 6 Melinda Bl Gates ‘One particular fact that has alarmed the nouveau riche has found its way onto affluenza-telated websites, and that i the world’s dollar billionaires together possess almost as much wealth as the poorest $0% of the planet’s population; that i, just 358 people have as much money as about 2.5 billion others by According to the information in the text, write the name of the person or people who: 1 scritical of other Hollywood parents and their spoiled children? ... Suse Saranden 2 want to ensure their two children have a clear PURPOSE IN If? .nsnssereninnn 3 conducted research into what US millionaires plan to do with their money after they die? 4 died at a very young age from drug abuse despite being the heir to a huge fortune? 5. set up a special charitable organisation for their son to contribute to? 6 wants her children to have enough money to enjoy themselves, but not enough to abuse it? 7. is critical of Hollywood parents who think its enough to leave their children money in thelr will? 8 suggests a link between the fight against affluenza ‘and the era people grew up in? ... Check your pronunciation 1 O32 alusten again to this extract rom texts, Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. L Pity America’s rich kids. Their millionaire parents (1) are_ giving way their inberitances and limiting their legacies to “middle-class Slevels(2), A study by Harvard University fundraiser and author ), Charles W Collier, has found that as many as 600,000 of the 3.2 million (4) millionaires in the US 10 will give away the bulk of their personal fortunes for fear of (5) spoiling ther children. [tis part of a owing trend in the US: the fight ‘against ‘affluenza’, the problems 15 associated with having too much ye Pronunciation points 1 Although the stress on the word millionaire is on the last syllable when the word is pronounced in isolation, in a phrase like millionaire parents the stress is on the first syllable of each word. 2 When a phrase is printed between inverted ‘commas (in this case because you are quoting someone else's exact words) notice that there is a short pause before and after the phrase. The same is true with ‘affiuenza’ inline 14. 3 Notice the /oi! sound in author. The same sound is found in fortunes in line 11 4 The . here is pronounced as point: three point two. 5 Notice the pronunciation of the phrase for fear of: the first ‘' is silent (because itis followed by a consonant) and the second is pronounced (because it is followed by a vowel). b) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. 45module 6 Check your writing Punctuation, symbols and abbreviations used with statistics 1 Full stop / point a With fractions, a full stop is used to separate the numbers. Itis pronounced as point: 45 = four point five 99.9 = ninety-nine point nine Itis also used for subheadings and sub-divisions: Figures 1.1 and 1.2 Figures one point one and one point two 2. Commas Commas are used to separate millions, hundreds and thousands: 6,500,000 3 Hyphens () Hyphens are used: in compound adjectives a four-year period non-essential items 4 Brackets () We use brackets when we show an equivalent amount: ‘900 km (600 miles) 5 symbols Remember that symbols for currencies are generally written before the number: £50 US $26,000 €8.50 $10.50 However, when sub-divisions of a currency are written in isolation, the symbol is written after the number: 0p 50c 60% 6 Common abbreviations used with statistics approx = approximately K = thousand bn = billion’ m= milion °C/°F = degrees Celsius/ km’ /m' = square Fahrenheit Kilometres / miles cm = centimetres p.a.=per annum est. = estimated pop. = population ‘The American Blin fone thousand milion) Is now more commonly used than the Bish bilion (one milion milion). a ee 41 underlined parts of the text about Western Australia using appropriate punctuation, abbreviations, etc. Welcome to Western Australia: The Wildflower State westeen Sina General With an area of more than (1) 2 million 500 thousand ‘square Kilometres, Western Australia is the country’s largest state and is Australia’s face on the Indian Ocean. The majority of people live in and around the capital city of Perth (2) estimated population 1 million 195 thousand, Perth’s new international airport handles (3) long distance flights from Africa, Asia, Europe and North America, Climate The state averages eight hours of sunshine per day ~ average monthly temperatures vary from (4) 17 degrees Fahrenheit in July to (5) 30 degrees Centigrade 86 degrees Fahrenheft in February. Most of the (6) Zero point 8 centimetres annual rainfall occurs in the winter months. Economy and Tourism Agriculture is Western Australia’s major industry: agricultural exports earned almost (7) 2. point 9 bilion dollars in 1993 to 1994, Tourism is expanding: in 1993 to 1994, more than (8) 400 thousand overseas visitors and about $ million domestic tourists were ‘estimated to have spent (9) lion dollars on ‘accommodation, food and pleasure shopping. (| 2.500.000 drebo you remember? Pages 56-57 1 Complete the title of the module: the Money. 2. Which of these means: without money? a broke b broken c stingy d_tight-fisted 3. What's the opposite of in the red? 4 What is the name for the money demanded by kidnappers? : 5 According to the saying, money is the root of all, 6 Rearrange the words to make a well-known saying. care of / will / the pounds / and / themselves / the pennies / take / look after Pages 58-59 7 When did Who Wants to be a Millionaire? first ‘appear on British TV? «0. 8 What words follows these adjectives in the text? a temporary b would-be highlighted . 9 Choose the correct forms to complete the sentence. The show has sold / has been sold / is sold to more than forty countries worldwide — in fact it’s probably been shown [ being shown / shown somewhere in the ‘world as you read this. 10 Paddy Spooner described himself as a professional 11 A rookie is: a abird b acheat ¢ anewcomer 12 On which version of Who Wants To Be a Millionaire? did Paddy Spooner win the least money? . Pages 60-61 13 Put the verbs into the same tense as they appear in the text. Everything (1)...ennense (QO) fine, he Qen ay) later, until he .. @. (ealise) he (4). (forgot) to put on his mask. 14 What did the two British robbers forget to do? 15 Choose the correct form in this sentence. He'll have to leave the country as soon as his visa expired / has expired | will expire. 16 Where does Stella Liebeck come from? @ Germany b Mexico c the USA 17 What is the missing word in this sentence? Not once she admit to the crime. 18 Choose the correct prepositions in these phrases. on J under / with no circumstances should you bin /on / under no account should you Pages 62-63 19 Which word completes the sentence correctly? He should be toa large sum of money. a entitled b owed c right d titled 20 Which word means: everyone agreed with the decision? 21 The smoker claims he was tricked into thinking that cigarettes Were ...ccsesset 22 What was the woman working as when she met the Texan oil tycoon? ... 23 What adjective goes with these nouns? 1 vresnasnsneeees TeXGS oil tycoon, 0 ts agreement © teeenctoresten Beneficiary 24 Which word describes the father who has died? ‘a exfather b formerfather ¢ late father Pages 64-65 25 The ttle of the exercise is Writing about 26 Choose the correct prepositions in this sentence. Overall, there has been an increase in / of / on expenditure in / on / of entertainment, 27 Rearrange the letters the second word in a) - ¢). {increase glithsly b. drop pralshy € fall etisadly 28 Write in the letters to make three words meaning very large. Tie M rae ees pr va 29 What word is used to describe a small quantity of salt? ; 30 Which of these combinations is not correct? a great deal of money / people / time 47module 7 Vocabulary Living together Choose a word or phrase from the box below to complete the sentences, fussy keep themselves to themselves laid back privacy grumpy sulk neat _irvitabté chatty likes company unpredictable dynamic Kay seems unusually ....#7#able... today ~ everything seems to upset her! BA vsversnrsne Person is very friendly and keen to talk. © When we moved into the area, it wasn’t easy to get to know our neighbours: people tend to Children often ‘because they are angry or resentful about something, © Rene person likes to keep things tidy. fA. person is always relaxed and doesn't seem to worry about things. 9 Even though my great-grandmotheris in her nineties, she stil ‘and always enjoys having visitors. hh Sunny yesterday, stormy today - the weather seems to become more .. . every year - who knows what i'l be like tomorrow! i Aw person is bad-tempered and complains a lot, j One of the problems of sharing a flat with five other people is the inevitable lack of . k Weneed a person who can really ‘motivate others to work harder. 1A. --» person is too concerned about small, unimportant details, Word building Complete the sentences below by changing the word in capitals to the correct form. If necessary, use a good monolingual dictionary (e.g. The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) to help you. ‘TOBEORNOTTOBETHATISTHEQUESTION =>’ _ ‘Tim shows considerable promise as an actor, despite ase oes tO SAY his lines too quickly. TEND Whatever game he's playing, Gary just hates to lose: he has an intensely 5 attitude, COMPETE Despite his huge success as a musician, Jeremy ‘was never able to earn his parents’ APPROVE iy friends were very : ., when I made the decision to leave my job. ‘SUPPORT Previous plans to introduce a parking scheme in. ‘the town centre have all ended in i és FAIL £ Nicholas has never shown the degree of snnens H@ded to become a professional sportsman, coMMIT QI think it would be much more su to choose a ‘Pay as You Go! scheme rather than pay monthly bills for your mobile phone. ECONOMY hh Its believed that the -.ssscsesnsseneenn Of the disease could be halted by a vaccination programme. ‘TRANSMIT i We've decided to look for a hotel in a more part of town. Tes completely beyond my . why anyone would want to pull down that lovey old statue, COMPREHEND DESIREmodule 7 Patterns to notice Describing typical habits Rewrite the sentences using the prompt and the word in brackets. iA Gi {4 A good fitend is someone who: ‘+ always stands by you in a crisis (wil) wel emp lend te, Beene + continues to phone you even when there's no real news. (keep) b_ A bore is someone who: + frequently talks about their boring hobbies! (always) + often doesn't notice when other people aren't interested. (tend) © When I was eleven, my bestfriend and I: + usually walked home from school together. (used) + always took my side if there was an argument. ag "j Be [i BS ly d_ My least favourite teacher at school: (always) ‘often treated the girls better than the boys. (tend) + repeatedly lost his temper with the students. kept) Grammar: infinitives and -ing forms General On special occasions, people often make toasts beginning Here's to .. . Complete the toasts below with a suitable gerund / present participle or infinitive form, Here's to... an old friend ~ someone who remembers all the secrets of our youth, but is discreet enough, net. fe mention. (mention) them, b_ babies - they make our days shorter, nights longer, the past forgotten and the future worth : Give) for, © hapines ~ the only thing which is increased by (share) my husband - who buys football tickets six months Jn advance, but waits until Christmas Eve (buy) Christmas presents my darling wife since I met you, | have known What itis to love someone, and what it means for that LOVE one (return, f my parents ~ for (spoil) me ever since I was a little baby. Please feel free to continue. 9. our second marriage ~ we are so fortunate . Give) a second chance at happiness h success ~it takes time .. - (be) a success, but time is all it takes. i. true love - which we find not sone (100K for) a perfect person, but (fina) an imperfect person and (not / see) their faults. j your retirement - and while you're sitting at home with nothing to do, think of us all at work ~ we're sure .. . (@o) the same. 49module 7 Infinitives and gerunds after adjectives 15 ange the sanhncas wth a propatton necessary) and the correct form of the verb in brackets. @ When I was young, my mother always made me say SOMY sorrel (pull) my sister’s hair. b_ Don't be afraid - (all) us if there's anything else you need .. that’s what we're here for. € Asa politician, James is very good - (avoid) questions which are potentially embarrassing. 4 We're only here fora few days, so naturally we're keen (sit) as many historic sites as we can. © Ifyou're travelling to India i's probably not worth (pack) anything warmer than a Tshirt. £ Its been a terrible experience for Andrew. Naturally. he's anxious... (eturn) home as soon as possible The results of your test have finally artived ... and Vm sorry -- (ell you that the news isn’t good. hd never felt anxious ay) until the day when we were caught in an electrical storm. 1 When I looked into the office, Jill was busy (write) her report. j, Until quite recently, it was quite dificult for people from the West . sve (Visit) China, k Because the phone line was 50 bad, it was very difficult... (make out) what Florence was saying, 1 Ws very good .. (See) your grandmother looking so wel m Ever since I forgot my lines in a school play, I've been afraid .. +» (Speak) in public. ni For anyone who is keen (ride), there are organised pony trips every afternoon. © I'll be very interested .. (see) what the eis say about his latest lm. Pp. Idon't understand why you won't wear a hat. Aren't, you worried .. - (get) cold? 4 Atthe age of 17, I became interested (learn) how to cook Chinese food. 1 Its still very windy, and the weather is unlikely (change) for the next few days. 50 Noun + -ing or infinitive forms Match the half-sentences and write four grammatically correct sentences below each box. a Herbert is in prison, but he doesn’t like life in jal He likes the idea about escaping, In fact, he's already escaping made several attempts... | of escaping, He and his cellmates to escape. often have arguments He'd probably have difficulty . Heike the ide of exci. b_ Mayor Bloodstone would like to Introduce a new traffic scheme in Kenton. However, not everyone agrees with his plans. He has plans ... of introducing @ He is likely to have new traffic scheme. trouble ... about introducing a Not everyone sees the new traffic scheme. ‘advantages to introduce a Many members of the public | new traffic scheme, have doubts .. introducing a new traffic scheme, © Alias decided to continue his studies abroad. Al's parents are convinced of the importance... His parents are giving ‘about finding the finding the right Ali the opportunity . place to study. All's having a few of studying abroad, problems to study abroad, Ali has to make some difficult decisions .. right place to study.module 7 Verbs with infinitives and -ing forms In the sentences below, only three of the verbs are grammatically possible. Cross out the two verbs that are incorrect. 1 Ttwas my father who .. motorbike, aallowed battempted c encouraged d persuaded -e-preventet 2 She sonnnee me for causing the accident. aaccused bblamed c condemned dtiticised e suspected 3 Did they «0. You go upstairs? ask bsee clet dmake e permit 4 Did you Frank to make that phone call? aadvise bask chear remember e remind 5 We .. travel by bus. adaren’t bhad better cneed d regretted e would rather 6 The authorities abroad, a.ctiticised b discouraged forbid d prevented e stopped 7 We can't ..n-n everyone to take part. force binvite clet_ dmake etell 8 James... talking to her. has forgiven me bhas stopped _c prevented remembers saw me 9 He. t0 be left alone. asked bbegged cordered d persuaded would like 10 He «sn for taking the money. apologises b regrets c thanked her dctiticised here admits 11 We «sn. them unloading the van, asked bheard csaw dthanked e watched 12 The police are ........» People to stay at home, @advising b not letting cmoking d urging warning 13 Robbie is being .. for causing trouble again. accused b blamed criticised d prevented punished ud .. t0 ask my parents for more money. adaren't bhad better cneed d told him would like 15 Who you to drive? aasked blet cstopped taught e told me to ride a people from travelling Other uses of gerunds 8 Complete the gaps using the gerund or infinitive. House Husbands’ Heart Risk Mose people assume that life in the rat race is bed for your health, But (1) ...ff8i¥.... (reverse) the traditional gender roles isa stressful business, according to the latest research by American scientists. By DY soacasecenacrn (give) up their jobs in order G) cvecesseseeenes (become) house husbands, men increase their risk of heart attacks or coronary disease by as-much as 82%, according to research based on a 10-year study of 2,500 people in Boston, USA. ‘According to Dr Elaine Eaker, the key to the problem is that some men became stressed about 6) ssseene (perform) a role not traditionally assigned to them by society. Men who stay at home tend 0) sos = (not have) the same levels of support from friends and family as women who do the same. Jack O'Sullivan, of the Fathers Direce group, was quoted as saying: ‘Society expects the main carer © save (be) a woman, and society structured around that. Daycare is called mother and toddler groups and some men feel awkward about o veces (belong) to those groups. Professor Gary Cooper, a psychologist at the University of Manchester, said many men tend (8) (underestimate) the task of (9) - (care) for a family. He said “Most men think (10) serene (be) a house husband involves Ce (put on) a bie of washing, 2)... (ake) the kids to schoo! and then (13) (put) their feet up with a cup of coffee. They are crazy. Most_men are nor used to 149) on (perform) a variey of activities Simultaneously ~ the kind of moli-tsking which is second nature to most women.” Ie is estimated hat men have taken over the main homemakers role in one in seven homes, as increasing ‘numbers of women become the main breadwinner. The study also found chat women in high-powered jobs were more likely (15) . .- (develop) heart disease than chose in more junior positions. ee 51module 7 Participle clauses 9" the news article below, some words are unnecessary. Improve the article by crossing out 13 unnecessary words. The first two have been done for you. Patterns to notice a lack of ..., a tendency to 11 sy OC. ‘Complete the sentences with a word from the 1 When a security van ashich-was taking a group of 2 prisoners co jail in Bedford was involved in a 5 motorway pile-up, some of the conviets tried to 4. escape ~ but not Dennis Thynne. When the 3. 23-year-old, who is currently serving a 4-year 6 sentence for burglary, saw victims ofthe crash > who were lying on the road, he leaped out of the van and guided several of chem to safety. ‘I just 9. remember a young man who was helping mave 10 injured people away from the crash,” said one 11 victim. Thad no idea he was a conviet.” The tia 2 judge, as he was hearing of Thynne's bravery, called 15. him back co courc and reduced his seacence by six months Pronunciation Linking words a) & [7.1] Listen to the pronunciation of the 1 0 words below, first in isolation, then ina phrase. Notice how an extra sound is used to link the two words, bw) 1 to ‘we went out to eat bt 2 fear a fear of failure til 3 be to be an au pair b) © [7.2|Listen to the phrases. Write the appropriate symbol in the space. Jw! 1 go go.and live on a remote island 1/1 2 he he always has the radio on i 3. more I'm more independent nowadays Mt 4 no foro apparent reason vt 5 80 was so annoyed tt 6 the the average woman ©) Practise saying the words and phrases, copying the voices on the recording. 52 box below, desire lack need (x2) love sense (x2) tendency fear achievement ambition total a The Australian player's burning ...... M8”... to win in front of his home crowd will make him an exceptionally difficult opponent. b- The complete of progres in the peace talks has led to a deep “of frustration ‘on both sides. ¢ Finally completing my university degree after so long gave me an enormous sense of 4 Like many neglected children, Janie had a . for approvel from adults The fact that Jackson was never promoted was due ‘as much to his own lack of . as anything else, f Imorder to succeed, we must first overcome our of failure. 9 One of the things that makes Philip so hard to work. with Is his to be in total control, which leads to a to be over-critical of others. h_ Thomas soon got bored in the country: his, of adventure found no expression in the daily routine of life on the farm. i We must attribute the fact that he didn't score a single point to his 1s lack of self- confidence. | Some of the prisoners feel an enormous - .of shame about the crimes they committed.module 7 Listen and read Daggers Drawn 12 family in Scotland, a) &¥ [7.3] Read and / or listen to the text written by Sally Magnusson, a journalist and broadcaster who lives with her Daggers Drawn 1 My daughter was singing as she polished the furniture. | hadn't asked her to polish the furniture, | never do. But where one brother is happiest with the computer, one with a football and fone with a model car, her idea of bliss is a can of Spring Fresh and a duster. Where have I gone wrong? While the boys have to be nagged, bribed or tricked into doing their infisitesimal share of the household chores, and can’t be seen when they think they're finished, she's up on a chair with the washing-up liquid before you can say ‘dishes’, scrubbing at pans as if her life depended on it. Being a bit of a tomboy myself, and rot too hot on the domestic skills, | used to argue till! was blue in the face 20 that the differences between men and. women were all about upbringing and expectations. Nobody could have approached motherhood witha grittier determination that all children would be treated the same, not channelled along some pre-ordained path. Boys would be offered soft toys to cuddle, 1s 2s ‘would breed the New Men and female 80 engineers of the future, | dare say there are indeed small boys and gir's who do such things, but not mine. The hubris awaiting me was a family in which every politically a6 incorrect stereotype in the book i rife Ten years ago, as | gazed at my fist- bor in his cradle, | fantasised about the gentle soul he would be. No guns for nasty aggression for this litle 40 peachblossor. He would be taught to tum away wrath with a swift word. He ‘would grow up to be Secretary General of the United Nations The fantasy sustained me until he 45 was about two, when he proudly presented me with his first model ~ a file. Later on, at playgroup, he and his ppals dally assassinated each other. in the garden he and his brother began 50 doing such heart-stopping things with sticks that in the end | bought them a couple of plastic swords. We went downhil fast. A decade and three more sons after those early Ss children, we now house an arsenal of swords, rifles, water pistols, bows and arrows, hatchets, daggers and tanks that would be the envy of the British ‘Aemy. Not s0 long ago, we were all oneatly arrested when @ mos lifelike revolver in our luggage caused 2 security scare at Heathrow Airport. ‘And what of my daughter, the lone sandwiched sister? She plays all the and put a cross (X) by the false Sally started out determined same way. The little gitl Is very keen to in their teens, ‘boys’ games because she has to, You'll find her from time to time teetering around the house in plastic high heels, with a handbag (pink) in one hand and 8 shotgun in the other, and she can 70 manage a tolerable dribble down the left wing when they need someone to make up the numbers for football. But her heart is not relly in it. She would much rather be drawing or writing or Ceutting out stars or polishing shels or — ‘dear heavens ~ cleaning the bathroom wile waves of boys surge and roar around her |inally faced up to the fact that boys 0 and girls are simply born different on the day, a few years ago, when I was hanging out the washing and gave her and the next brother up a couple of clothes pegs to play with. He shot me 8S with his. She cradled it in her arms and sang ita lullaby. But | won't give up. Ill continue to tty and treat them equally and expect the same of them. And by the time 90 they're all in their teens, | imagine they'll all be equally impossible to get to do anything, But right now nature is ‘wearing down nurture. Equality is hard von - b) Tick (V) the statements about the Magnusson family which are true, ones. 1 Sally Magnusson has six children ~ five boys and one gitl. The boys are happy to do their share of the domestic chores. X Her daughter likes doing the washing-up, Sally likes doing the housework. to bring up all her children in the She has never allowed her sons to have toy weapons. Join in with her brothers’ games. Sally thinks that there will be fewer problems when her children are 53module 7 Check your pronunciation 13 a) © [7.4] Listen again to this extract from the text, Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below Although Thisisbecause As well as that Other than that This explains why Even if 1 And what of my daughter (1), the lone sandwiched sister? ‘he plays al the boys’ games because she has (2) to. You'l find her fom time to time (3) teetering around the house in plastic high heels, with @ handbag (pink) in one hand 5 and a shotgun in the other (4), and she can manage @ tolerable dribble down the left wing when they need Someone to make up the numbers for football. But her neat (5) 51 realy i it. Pronunciation points 1 Notice the /o! sound in daughter. tis also found in all (line 2). 2 Notice the stress on all and has to here. 3 Notice the ‘weak’ pronunciation of from and to in this phrase. 4 Notice how the voice goes up after one hand (to indicate that there is more to come) and down after the other (to indicate the end of that particular phrase), 5 Notice the long /ay sound in heart. by Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Check your writing Linking words and phrases (3) 1 Choose an appropriate linker from each box to complete the texts. while Even though This means that Inaddition to On theother hand also~ All work and no play noc only makes you a dull person: ic a abe, . imcreases the risk of heart disease, according to the latest scientific study. Ic elaims that people work ou» mck hgh kf ee attack, (2) ‘hose working 2 40-hour ~ less prone to coronary disease this, lack of sleep brow. ‘on by overwork can triple the risk. (4) . ° Britons ~ who work the longest hours in Europe ~ are at particular risk. "(5) + people may suffer financially, says health expert Dr Donald Miashall, ‘they have to consider taking time off for the good of their health.” 6 employers may be less ‘enthusiastic about this! are much 54 ‘When did someone last inspect your passport or ID card? (7) os . the majority of people in jobs in passport control are done by men, that ‘could change. ‘It's tradition, pure and simple? according to Josef Begun. 18) sre there's absolutely no reason ‘why men should be doing these jobs” 0 en When it comes to recognising faces, women beat men hands down, (10)... . factors like hairstyle are changed, the women do better. Why? ‘Most women, hhave a role as child carer, which involves watching their children’s expression very carefully. ap .. they seem to be better a spotting people's moods just by looking at them. a2) they seem to be more interested in the way other people look generally Wordspot just 15. Write the meaning of the word just in the a ‘sentences below. only really (for emphasis) inamoment exactly a short time ago “ls the air-conditioning on too high for you?” ‘No, its ust right, thank you ....8aee "just go and see what's happening. I won't be 109, ern 1m sory, but tis just ist good enough, You'll have todo it again Let’ take shelter under this te til the rain stops I'm sure it's just a shower. ... They were just sixteen when they got engaged You've just missed him, He'l be back later this afternoon, . That’ ust what I was going to say! 1m just fed up with your constant moaning! Cheer up, will you? ... ‘We've got just enough time fo get to the sation... if you hurry up! Te just takes alittle patience, that’ allbo you Pages 66-67 1 Which word does not express a positive idea? a chatty b fussy c lively 2 Someone who does not worry about anything ‘can be described as once Back. a lead b laid ¢ layed d lying 3. Which four-word phrase means the same as ‘everywhere? 4. Supply the prepositions in these phrases. a. He keeps himself. himself b_ Her moods change 9, ‘apparent reason. © He won't say what's esc 5 Put this sentence into the past. ‘One minute he’s down and depressed, the next minute he'll be laughing and telling jokes. . his mind. 6 Which alternative is incorrect? He keeps losing / tends losing / tends to lose matches he ought to win, Pages 68-69 7 Which words should be in the -ing form? Thate people interrupt all the time and not listen properly to what others are say, it’s really infuriatel 8 If you avoid talking about something awkward, you are beating about the 0. 9. According to Sula, watching her colleagues creep round the boss is pretty 410 Supply the correct forms of tobe in this extract. I really hate (1) told what to do! 'd hate @) forced to go into the army, with all that discipline, it (3) .. one THY personal nightmare. 11 What was the name and nationality of the gir! ‘who was sent to a boarding school at the age ofl? . 12 Which of these words are spelt incorrectly? appreciate b consciencious ¢ daunting inexperienced ¢ independant Pages 70-71 13 What is the title of the TV show featuring six volunteers on a remote desert island? 14 In which sea is the island? 15 What is described by the following adjectives? a remote D basic ¢ primitive 16a. :pecked husband is always being told what to do by his wife. 17 Which of these means: I don't know? Thaven't got an answer | a clue / an idea. 18 Is a loner a person who is unmarried, a person who has no brothers or sisters, or a person who prefers to be alone? .... Pages 72-73 19 What idiomatic phrase describes a person who is not upset by criticism? 20 According to the text, how many words does the average woman use a day? .. 21 Getting men to commit themselves is like getting hold of what? . 22 On what do women spend four or five times Jonger than men? ae listed after a need for? 24 Choose the correct way to complete this sentence A tendency for forgetting / of forgetting / to forget things. Pages 74-75 25 Which adjective is used to describe a majority? a big b grand c vast 26 What two adjectives are used to describe a minority? 27 Which phrases have the same meaning? @ apart from that bas well as that € because of that d_ other than that 28 Supply the missing prepositions. @ Sony the mess ~ I'm very untidy. b I saw Carrie the corridor ust now. ¢ The woman smiled... - her son. 29 What's the best place for just in this sentence? He phoned after you left 30 If tells you have just enough money to pay, do you: ‘@_ have more than you need to pay? b_ have the right money and no more? ¢ nothave enough money? 55module 8 Vocabulary What's your style? 4) Use the clues to complete the puzzle. The ‘number of letters for each word is given in brackets. 1 with a lot of decoration, especially with many complicated details (6, adjective) 2 with small holes in it to let you wear jewellery @, adjective) 3 the line of hatr above your eye (7, noun) 4 to change the colour of your clothes, hair, etc. using ‘a liquid o powder (3, verb) 5 a low, fast car, often with a roof that can be folded back (6,3, noun) 6 pretty and attractive-looking (4, adjective) 7 soft, loose trousers and top that some people wear in bed (7, noun) 8 dirty and untidy (7, adjective) 9 too colourful, bright or expensive-looking 6, adjective) 10 with a confident, fashionable and expensive appearance (13, adjective) 11 (6F a colour) strong and easy to see (6, adjective) 12 done in the same way for a long time (11, adjective) 13 An object in the home which is there because itis attractive rather than useful (8, noun) 14 using very simple ideas or pattems (used of rooms or Interiors) (10, adjective) 15 not following the usual rules of how people normally think, dress, behave, etc (14, adjective) 16 (of funiture / jewellery, etc.) made a long time ago and therefore valuable (7, adjective) 17 a French word used in English to mean fashionable and expensive (4, adjective) 18 (of a room) filled with too many things so it looks untidy (9, adjective) 19 a type of casual shoe, originally worn for playing sports (8, noun) 20 belonging to the present time (12, adjective) b) Answer the mystery question in the column in the middle. 56module & Words with several meanings ‘The words in the boxes all have more than one meaning. Read the definitions, then decide which of the meanings applies to each ‘example sentence. Then write the appropriate number in the brackets, asin the example. pretty «dy (spoken) / ad) 1 adv fairly, though not very 2 adj (of a woman, child or object) good-looking but not really beautiful 8 Georgetown isa pretty little seaside town with a charming town square and some attractive restaurants on the beach. (2) bts pretty obvious that we won't have many more visitors today. (7) ON ae ‘elas 1 1 [C] the social group that someone belongs to according to job, wealth, family, ete. 2 [C] a group of pupils ina school who are taught together 3 [C]a group ‘or category into which people or things are divided, according to their qualities 4 [U) informal exceptional style or skill when you do something «¢ Vanessa and I have been best friends ever since we were in the same elass at school. |] 4d Financial cut-backs mean that all company executives are now expected 10 fly economy class. |_| ‘¢ The move leading to Roberto’s seventy-thind minute goal showed reat class. { ] £ The University aims 10 encourage more applications from students with a working-class background { eee ©00I aid)/ verb 1 adj pleasantly low in temperature, but not colt 2 alm and in control 3 informal fashionable, attractive 4 verb to become less hot § not as friendly as expected Your engine's overheated. Let it eool down for a while before you resart it. bh The I-Zone is a good place to pick up a eoot pair of sunglasses to wear on the beach § Although the temperatures outside can be high, the hotel's airconditioning keeps things nice and cool. |} 5 My gilfiend has been decidedly evol towards me ever since I told her I vas going on holiday with someone else { ] The job isa hectic and demanding one, so we need someone who can remain cool under extreme pressure. NS thing 1 {C) object 2 [C] characteristic of someone or something. 3 (pal) equipment, clothes, ete 4{C] action 5 (phat the general situation, outlook 1A selfheating frying par? There's no suck thing! {| mm The weather's bound be good, so dn forget to pack your swimming things] 1 Jay lay awake all night wondering whether right thing. (| © Things have been very quiet inthe flat since Pil left for Australia. ] The thing I fond really annoying about Justin i that he's so disorganised. [_] ALS 'd done the hhot adj 1 ata high temperature 2 (of food) containing pepper or chilli giving it avery spicy taste 3 controversial 4 popular or fashionable a a particular 4 Same ofthe food in Thailand makes liberal use of spices and may be alte roo hot for Western tastes {_ + Latino singer Tony Ramive is said 10 be the hotest ‘property n show business right now. ] $8 Government corruption is stil likely 0 bea hot topic when the general elections come around next year {| {There was only enough hot water for ane person to have a shower [] tough ac difficult to do or deal with, and needing « lot of effort and determination 2 able to live through difficult or severe conditions 3 very determined or strict 4 difficult to cut or chew My steak isso tough I can hardly eat it.(_ | ¥ You need tobe tough to survive life in the desert.{_ } w Life during the war was extremely tough for the majority of people. ( ] x The government has promised to be tough on crime. 57module 8 _ Patterns to notice Adding emphasis with auxiliaries } Nek ie in omversatons belew Chang te phrases in bold to give them more emphasis. Use the words in brackets, and an appropriate inversion or auxiliary, and that was fifteen A: just met Carla im the street minutes ago, That woman can talk (Wow + inversion) (1) ew cay that woman talk, | thought she'd never stop! B: Yeah, she goes on, (certainly + auxiliary) @) vee svomeenn DH, that’ rue Az It's hot (Boy + inversion) @ , out there! It must be 35°. fam glad (inversion) Di svacininas oes We've got a fridge full of nice, cold... Huh? WHERE ARE THEY? B: Ah, yes, I meant to tell you about that. I had some friends over earlier and we all got a bit thirsty. 1 apologise (really + auxiliary) © Fil get some more later. : You'll never guess who I met at work today ‘Who? Whitney Spearmint. She looked (Man + auxiliary + inversion) (6) gorgeous! B: I think (really + auxiliary) o wns it’ about time you stopped inventing stories about meeting pop stars, Martin. After all, you are nearly 30 and you work in a Post Offe, A: I've got (Boy + inversion) ®) - ‘What ist, what Is i? Well, you know that prize draw you entered ... ve won! And you lent me the money for the ticket. Listen, | appreciate (really + auxiliary) 0 what you did ... I never forget it. .« news for you! PRE Grammar: adverbs Position of adverbs A Resa ein and put the adverbs and adverbial phrases in the box below in the correct place. angrily. fora few moments three times definitely never honestly desperately On the 12th, 13th and 14th of October on October 11th last year The judge looked { at the prisoner in the dock. "So you admit breaking into Carla's Fashion Store?’ he said "Yes, your honour. But T can say T haven't done anything like this before, and it will happen again. T only did it because my wife needed a new dress’ ‘The judge looked at his case notes. TT see. So why then did you break into the shop again?" "Because my wife made me change the dress.module 8 Adverbs of manner with and without -ly Underline the correct form to complete each sentence. It was nearly 1 o'clock, and we were desperate / desperately trying to contact my family to tell them where we were. Something smells good / well. What's for dinner? © The mining company had to dig deep / deeply underground in order to extract the remaining coal 4. Thave to admit that Ellen does look very good / well in her black dress. © We'll only get the contract if we all work extra hard / hardly over the next few weeks. FIs. pity you didn’t complete the course. Still / Already, | imagine you learned quite a lot from it. 4g You'd better give Tom and Barbara a ring to tell them we might be a bit late / lately. As Isat down, someone I'd never seen before waved to me friendly /in a friendly way. 1 Many people think - wrong / wrongly I believe - that 4 change of government will have a positive effect con the economy. } Although oil prices have risen considerably, this has ‘already / yet to be reflected in the price of petrol k_ The presidential candidate walked free / freely among the crowds, smiling and shaking hands. 1 1was expecting the delivery on Friday: i's now Tuesday and it still /yet hasn't arrived. Focusing adverbs Complete the sentences with even, especially or only in space 1 or 2. a sas Tony was so keen to come with us he (2) .....f!@%.... offered to pay for the taxi We're all keen on computer games: @ 1. Marta , who seems to spend her fe (2) . in front of a computer screen. © My grandmother is the (1) person in my family who remembers (2) the war, aq .. Jon is so lazy he doesn’t Q ‘get out of bed before 1 o'clock. The weather was (1) bad in October, when it (2) rained almost every day. £ We were (1) so poor in those days, we couldn't (2) afford to buy shoes. 9. Russia is the (1) with a population of (2) .. million people hh Things (1) got so bad at work, 1 2) veeesnesreeee considered resigning, 1 Ike alt pasta dishes, (1) which I'd say is my (2) European country over 100 spaghetti, .-. favourite, Adverbs of probability 7 The Press are interviewing Candice de Berg about her latest film, Star Time. in the interview, replace the sentences with the adverb of probability closest in meaning. definitely almost certainly undoubtedly ‘mostlikely probably conceivably possibly definitely not Question: Will you be making any more films in England? Answer: It's possible — I'm not sure yet: Or Resch ) ‘Question: Has this been a fun film to work on? Answer: This is definite. (2 Question: Do you think you will work wi Martin Biggins again? director Answer: This is 90% certain. (3 .. a) Question: Would you say that Biggins is good to work with? Answer: There is no doubt about this. a ) Question: Will you be returning to London in the near future? Answer: This is likely to happen. 6 ) Question: Do you think your role as a single mother in Star Time will attract a lot of controversy? Answer: This is probable, (6 2.000 ) Question: Would you like to direct films one day? Answer: I can imagine that happening but it's not very likely. (7 wigs) Question: There are rumours that you are romantically linked with co-star Harry Blunt, Are they true? There is absolutely no chance of this. 6 ) Answer: 59module 8__ Listen and read Extract from a biography of Nicole Kidman a) © [8.1] Starting as a child actress in her native Australia, Nicole Kid man is now one of Hollywood's most recognisable faces. Read and / or listen to the extract from her autobiography. Nicole Kidman 1 A single working mother in her mid-thirties, Nicole Kidman could now either slip into career apathy or forge ahead stubbornly. It will surprise no one that she opted for the latter, and quite spectacularly so. As she carved out a new persona, complete with both feminist and romantic overtones, not to mention a major image overhaul, the world took the courageous actress to its heart. Almost by default, the divorcee became an inspirational role model for women everywhere. Setting out to prove the point that she could get along just fine without her husband, yet admitting on eeasion that she was struggling to cope, Nicole's frankness was refreshing and appealing In equal ‘measure, She never stopped giving interviews and her gradual acceptance of her new life could be clearly traced as the year progressed, After eloven years of wearing flat shoes to avoid towering over Tom Crulse, the statuesque star | famously charmed her public by gleefully gigeling ‘I can wear heels now! when quizzed on the benefits of being single, Suddenly she became a style icon for a new generation Clothes shopping with girlfriends was now one of her favourite pursuits, But Nicole's sartorial tastes hadn't | actually changed all that much from the days she spent trawling round flea markets’ I think clothes are creative. It's wonderful when someone like John Galliano has the silty to change the way people think of clothes or how they dress on a global level Fashion 60 is incredibly relevant. There's something admirable about boldness, because with boldness comes the opportunity to fail. But it’s becoming harder now, because when you fail, people judge it so severely A practical mum, Nicole is a ‘bike shorts and sloppy joe’ person around the house. ‘It's like leading two different lives; she jokes. ‘I have my life, then I have this sort of fantasy life - going to premieres and putting on make-up and beautiful dresses. ‘Thanks to all the extra exposure with Moulin Rouge!, The Others and also her very public divorce, Nicole's eclectic taste in clothes, her paleness and her ong-legged figure have become fashionable, something which she finds most amusing. ‘Believe me, my body is only OK; she laughs. get by, but it’s not great. [have a boy's body, and I would rather look like a girl Moulin Rouge! was all about corsets and padding, markets whore old or used goods ae sold b) Which paragraph deals with: 1 her feelings about clothes and fashion? 4 2. how she dealt with the media in the period after her divorce? 3. how she feels about being a style icon? 4. how the public reacted to her after her divorce? 5. the difference between her public and private lives? 6 the positive aspects of becoming single?module 8 Check your pronunciation a) © [8.2] Listen again to this extract from the text. Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. 1A single working mother in her mid-thirties (1), Nicole Kidman could now either slip into career (2) apathy or forge ahead stubbornly. It will surprise no one (8) that she opted for the latter, and quite spectacularly so. As she carved out a new persona, complete with both feminist and romantic overtones, not to mention a major image (4) overhaul, the world took the courageous actress to its heart, Almost by default, the divorcee became an inspirational role (5) 10 model for women everywhere. eerie pasion aad Pronunciation points QR 11 Note the /a1/ in thirties. The sound is also found in working (line 1) and world (line 7) 2 Note that the stress is on the last syllable in career. Other two-syllable words stressed in this way are the name Nicole (line 2), ahead {line 3), surprise (line 3), complete (line 6), default (ine 9) and divorcee (line 9). 3 Notice the /w/ sound that links no and one. The same linking sound is heard in now either {line 2) and to its (ine 8) 4 Notice the pronunciation of the word image with two / sounds, The same sounds are heard in women (line 10). 5 Notice the /ou/ sound in role. The same sound is heard in.ng one (line 3), so (line 5), persona Aline 5), both (line 6), romantic (line 6), overtones (line 6), overhaul (line 7) and almost ine 8). 2 'b) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. Wordspot look, sound, feel 10 Find a word / words to complete the sentence ‘or answer the question. ‘a According to the proverb, what should you do before you leap? ... a b_ Ifyou'r feeling happy and optimistic, you're feeling on top of the € What kind of look might you give someone to show you are angry or disapproving? . 4 Ifyou expres your felings about something angrily, you sound . about it. Artificially-created noises which are used in the theatre are called sound .. You call someone who closely resembles a celebrity a The perscn who Watthes for policemen while a crime is carried out is a tt Ifyou feel both positively and negatively about something, what kind of feelings do you have? Someone who watches or observes an event is an. j The recorded music for a film is called the What phrasal verb means to respect or admire? Look : si 105 ‘What expression with feel is a way of giving permission? Feel 1m What are phrases o slogans often used by joumalists and politicians? n What kind of movie makes you contented and happy? 61module & Pronunciation Silent letters 11 a) Look at the lists of words below. Underline the odd one out in each case. (Tip: look for silent letters.) bribe comb eyebrow object ‘Grrangement intriguing league reign exhausted hundred hardly horror dislike knowledge shock strike animal film palm ridiculous ‘apricot clip psychedelic spokesman castle insect topic tough away eyebrow onwards wrong b) (©) (8.3) Listen to the words and check your answers, ©) © (8.4) Read and listen to the headlines. Cross out the silent examples of the letter atthe top of each headline. 1H ‘Hundreds of vehicles in rush-hour queues 2W World-famous writer answers his critics 3G Foreign minister resigns after campaign of rumours 4k Unknown striker set to make debut due to Beckham's knee injury SL Half of the world’s wild salmon could die out 6 Queen to spend Christmas at Windsor Castle 7P Tax investigators find mi in cupboard 4d) Practise saying the headlines yourself. Use the recording to help you. 62 Check your writing Unusual punctuation 1 a) The sentences below all feature an unusual aspect of pronunciation. Match the rule to the examples a)-f below. 1 We use single inverted commas to indicate that a word is not being used in its usual sense, or is used sarcastically. 2 We use a hyphen in compound adjectives with well and badly when they come before the noun, 3 Asterisks are often used to replace the letters when we write a word which is possibly offensive 4 Capital letters are used with greetings and signing-off phrases in letters and emails 5 Capital letters are used for someone's job written at the end of an email or letter. 6 Assingle exclamation mark is used after phrases which indicate strong feelings or surprise, 2 awell-cut classic suit. ..2 a shirt with a ‘loud’ psychedelic pattern. She doesn’t have to kick the **#* out of a motorcycle gang to be cool. Narinder Ray Human Resources Manager Regards Veronica £ ripped jeans and a gaudy bright pink top covered in gold stars! by Add appropriate punctuation to the following sentences. 1 Roger isa very well{built young man, 2 1 just couldn't believe my ears 3. Would you invest half a month’s salary on a single item of clothing? 4 yours sincerely, Terry Adams ‘marketing manager 5 There are too many badly designed clothes at this year’s exhibition, 6 To my complete amazement, she turned round and called me a stupid . 7 dear Mr Attey, 8. An example of their hospitality was shouting at me for losing my key.bo you remember? Pages 76-77 1 The title of the module is A Question of 2. Which word means: filled with too many things so it looks untidy? é 3. What three things are mentioned that you can have pierced? 0. 4 What do the following adjectives relate to? a antique abstract cea pelb ei siastntio 5 What adjective is used to describe both a cuddly toy and cartoon characters? 6 Which words come before the colours? purple bon. green Pages 78-79 7. Frank Sinatra, Audrey Hepburn, Madonna and James Dean are described as style . 8 According to the quote, what did Audrey Hepburn do as discreetly as she dressed? 9 Which is the correct alternative? He was a simple / a simply / simply a genius. 10 What nouns do these adjectives go with? personal . © anentire 11 Which phrasal verb meaning to survive a difficult ‘experience occurs twice in the text? 12 Rearrange the words to form a sentence. 4 gil / do / find / like / 100k / people / offensive?/ does / Why / who /a git! Pages 80-81 13 Which is the correct spelling? sound affects / effects / ifects 14 What word goes before free and good? 15 In the song, what were the clouds i my coffee? 16 Which of the adjectives expresses a positive idea? conceited egotistical ¢ immoral intriguing e shallow 17 Which of these words is mot an adverb? constantly b instantly clovely d naturally 18 Which is the correct place for the time adverbial: (), @) or 3)? She (1) ... was (2) met the man, (still) quite naive (3) . when she Pages 82-83, 19 The task is to prepare a. about something you hate, 20 What is the title of the British TV programme on which the task is based? ... 21 Complete the three sentences. a. Itgets on my b Ican't.. it, It just me absolutely mad. 22 What phrasal verb means: to connect someone by telephone? 23 Which -ly words come before the following? me Jy furious DB cesntatseannndy superior c ly Wife 24 What single word means: an item of clothing? Pages 84-85 25 What aspects of Anita Fernand's clothes and. appearance do these adjectives describe? a. ripped b gaudy bright pink, covered in gold stars © huge 26 How does Narinder’s letter begin? @ Dear Miss Fernand Dear Mrs Fernand © Dear Ms Fernand 27 How does Narinder end the letter? @ Yours faithfully b Yours sincerely © Yours truly 28 Which adjective means: unusual or attractive in a way that you notice? «0... 29 Which word follows amazingly or funnily to ‘emphasise that something is surprising or coincidental? . 30 Choose the correct form to complete the sentence, All being / is / to be will be well, she'll be out of hospital by the end of the week. 63Vocabulary How technology will change our lifestyle oj (areata era ee xe maton conferencing” deserted freelance health isolation skilled interaction shortterm laboursaving sedentary strain unskilled Collocation Definition computer 2) .canporencing... ‘a system whereby people can speak and communicate with others via a computer screen highly- 12) sees with a high degree of training and experience to work ® to work independently for several different organisations @ devices machines which are designed to make physical work easier, e.g, dishwashers © vom | contract @ contract which only guarantees work for a limited Period of time mental Cage the condition of your mind and your mental well-being social 00) ccna being without social contact with other people put ® “= | 0M to impose exceptional dificalties on a relationship / resources, so that they suffer ©. wastelands ‘an area completely empty of people which is not used for anything 10) eens | lifestyle €@ way of life where you are usually sitting, and take litle or no exercise social ay. being with and talking to other people (12) sssscsncnsnenen | WORKS workers who have no specific training or skills b) Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the word in capitals. 1 The .aemploymert, rate in this area is higher than the national average EMPLOY 2 Statistics show that approximately 25% of American adults suffer from ....0.00 + OBESE 3. You need to survive in today's changing labour market. ADAPT 4 After the accident, my brother had to endure a long period of while ACTIVE his broken leg healed. 5 People today are taking positive steps to improve their physical... IT 6 He has every imaginable .... . i his kitchen, He must really enjoy APPLY cooking, 7 Idon’t think want to play against her again. She's a very aggressive sonedeatiaes oppose B Its becoming ........sse.n difficult to predict what technological changes are INCREASE likely to occur in the next twenty years. 64module 9 Verb collocations Which of the common verbs in the box below goes in each gap? Check the text in the Students’ Book on pages 88-89 it necessary. get run make might leave think have know want give a_Even the experts don’t always ve Pb oveeee it right. b_ ... you need 200 times that ‘amount of memory just to the company’s future would not only be able to for themselves, but... 4d... all-in-one body suits ... did a number of, fashion appearances Actually, we do now how to extend life = by eating less and exercising more. £ ... there's no need to your home / ‘computer and traipse round the shops 9 We simply refuse to up eating our ‘nutritionally nightmarish fish and chips ... As for male pregnancy, | . it filed under for ‘only forthe lunatic’ i. you well see (genetic engineering for very specific and well-defined medical reasons foe WHA We occ reeseee IS the best for our future generations. 3 a) Write the correct word or phrase next to the definition. deluded device puddle double-glazing opt outlook stack inclination package tuck forego resounding 1 ele... noun) a planned holiday arranged ata fixed price, which indudes wave), hotels meal, e (Goan) a small pool of water on a path, road, et “ (nun) a plece of equipment designed fora particular purpose, such os recording or measuring something ‘ (vet to put things into a eat pile, one on top ofthe other : (verb, formal to decide to not do or have somethin, especialy something pleasurable ‘ (adjective) made to believe something that is not true; deceived 7 {+f (rt) to choose one thing or course of action rather than anther ont (pour) glass on a window or door in two separate panes with a space between them in order to Keep heat in and noise out 8 ° .. (+ into (verb) to put something into a small space so that it Jooks tidier or stays in place 10 ssosseeesuns (NOUN) a desire that makes you want to do something n -- (noun) what is expected to happen in the future 12 (adjective) very great or complete, so that many people know about it 'b) Write the appropriate form of one of the words in the gaps. 1 We decided to ..... A7e#2..... the pleasures of the beach, and spend the day visiting some historic churches 2 Ifyou're too busy to make your own holiday arrangements, it might be easier for you to get a 3 Many kitchens nowadays contain a number of labour-saving , such as mixers and blenders 4 Thave absolutely 20 nse tO move: 'm quite happy living where Tam. S The show, which received excellent reviews when it opened, has proved 10 BE A assvsennsene SUCceESS With the public. 6 Anyone who thinks they are going to make money from such a ridiculous scheme must be seriously 7 {offered our guide a €10 note - he thanked me, and discreetly into his top pocket. it 8 My first job In the supermarket was to cans of tuna into an enormous pile. 9 After the torrential rain, there were several .....s:sn. on the pitch, making it hard to play the ball along the ground. 10 The economic . vo for the next few years is not especially good at the moment. 11 As the house is situated directly by the main road, we've installed to keep the noise down, 12 Everything on the menu looked very appetising, but in the end I decided to for the salmon in Champagne sauce.module 9 Grammar: future forms General Underline the phrase which is closest in meaning to the phrase in bold. 1 There are probably no tickets left now, but I'm willing to try, if you like. @ Ulty bi'mgoingtotry cIty 2 What I don't understand is why Helen refuses to speak to him, ‘a doesn’t speak _b won't speak isn’t going to speak 3 All the plans have been made for our flight to Jamaica. Well ly to Jamaica. b We fly to Jamaica We're flying to Jamaica. 4 The meal will be over by the time we get there. ‘a They'll finish eating b They'll be eating They'll have finished eating 5 T intend to be a lot more careful next time I drive abroad. ‘a1'm going to be a lot more careful I shall be a lot more careful I’m being a lot more careful 6 How about trying a Japanese restaurant for a change? a Will we try b Are we going to try Shall we try 7 They'll be in the middle of their meal at 8 o'clock, 50 I'll phone now. aThey'll eat b They're going to eat They'll be eating 8 I’m very likely to see Julia this afternoon ~ is there anything you want me to tell her? all probably see bI'l'be seeing cl see ‘9 Would you like me to do the shopping? Am going to b Will] cShall 10 Hmm ... let me think ... I've just decided to cook the meal if you go to the shops. all cook b I'm cooking ¢ I'm going to cook 11 I'm not worried about making ¢ fool of myself. I'm prepared to dress up if you want. a1'm dressing up _b I'm going to dress up WM dress up 12 The new season is timetabled to begin at the beginning of September. a begins bis beginning will be beginning ‘Future’ phrases 5 Vite sentences to complet the newspaper cuttings, using the word(s) in brackets Le Monde to print articles in English France’s most traditional newspaper, Le Monde, (1) a BPE... (be / print) a weekly supplement in English. Edior Jein-Marie Colombani announced that the frst 12-page supplement of translated articles (2) ....., (due / appear) next month, Pirovsky to return to US Controversial film director Ray Plrovsky ° (verge f return) to the US 25 years after fleeing the country toeseap criminal charges ‘Los Angcles police (4) (be J drop) the charges aguinst Pirovsky, making his return a virtual certainty Presidential victory in referendum President Marref (5) .. soos (Sot / win) a landslide victory in a national referendum to grant him a five-year extension to his rule. Opinion polls indicate that approximately 85% of voters (6) . ssn: (likely | vote )*Yes’ innext week's poll. Bridge to link Sicily to Italy | Work (7) . (about / begin) on a | skm-long bridge across the Straits of Messina connecting the island of Sicily to the Italian mainland. ‘The project ~ first suggested some 30 years ago ~ is (8) Sccssseeseenteneenn’ (bound | benefit) the economy of the region, according to one prominent local politician Peace deal to end civil war The government and the rebel SPLA group are ®) essere (point / reach) an agreement to end their 20-year civil war. The two sides (90) coer (be / sign) a temporary ‘ceasetire which allows a degree of autonomy for those regions ...module 9 Future in the past Complete the text with words or phrases from the box below. were on the point of would was to be were supposedto were leaving was going to be were going to be was about to say Florence Bell 1 Florence Bell was born on che first day of 1900. As one of eight children, she lef school at the age of 14. ‘In those days, young girls (1) ... aere.cupposed #2... help their mothers around the house,’ she remembers. She 5 was never tersbly keen on school anyway: It was very strict’ she says. ‘T remember the headmistress bringing us all ingo her study, as we (2) school the next day. She said this BY ces sess the worst day of our lives. w1@. “No ie isnt, i the best”, but I decided wo keep quiet. You couldsit afford to be cheeky in those days. At the age of 16, she met Leslie Parsons, the man who (5) ve later become her 15 husband. After becoming engaged in 1918, they _———— setting maried in. 1920, when Leslie lost his job and the wedding had to be postponed. "We always knew — things M » hard,’ said Florence. 20 ‘Finding a job was very difficult in those days.’ It was ‘ight years before Leslie and Florence could finally afford to marry: soon afterwards they moved into the small cerraced house in north London which @) cesses their home for the nest 2s sixty-five years. Neither of them ever had any desire Yes, I've enjoyed iton the whole, The only thing is, if Teame back, I'd have a bit more money te Patterns to notice Describing trends a) Match the phrases 1-8 to their opposites inah get better deteriorate rapidly blurred longer and longer more and more (+ plurat noun) more and more (+ adjective / uncountable noun) dear decrease get worse fewer and fewer improve shorter and shorter less and less slowly fone 2 ne S seme 8 PT ecie @ b) Rewrite the following sentences with the opposite of the phrase in bold 1 This type of car is becoming more and more popula. This eof a 8 becoming lest and less poplar. 2. The standard of teaching seems to be getting better. importance is slowly increasing, 4 More and more people are taking holidays abroad. 5 We have less and less time to ourselves these days. 6 Julio's English seems to be slowly improving, 7 The difference between the two groups is becoming clearer and clearer. 8 The days are getting longer and longer. 67module 9 Listen and read 25 Signs You Live in the 21st Century 8 a) © [9.1] Read and / or listen to the email 25 Signs You Live in the 21st Century WD vee sects rte urna on the microwave You hve st of 15 phe numbers to each your family ofthe You call yout son's beeper to et him know ts time to eat He emails you back fom his bedroom, ‘what’ fr dinner” Your daughter sels Git Scout Cookies via her web | South Afia, but you have spoken with your next-door neighbour et this yar Sou hh hc rns wan icon noodle soup to see if it contains echinacea! Your grandmother asks yu to send he a PE fle ef i eprint chee ae You pul up in your own drivewy aed use your Cal pki to te apo kre 868 esecaesac aoa 8a Every commercial on television has a website address at the bottom of the screen. ‘You buy a computer and six months later itis out of date and sells for half the price you paid. Leaving the house without your cell phone, which ‘you didn’t have the first 20 or 30 years of your life, is cause for panic and turning around to go get it Using real money, instead of credit or debit cards, to make a purchase would be a hassle and take planning, b) Write the numbers of the signs which relate to these topics. They may relate to more than one category. computers in general ....././2 email websites and chatting on the Internet, telecommunications ri the way people eat and shop your home being like an office (Boeing up ean rm wens getting ie fast food bags out of the backseat of your ca. Your reason for not staying in touch with family s that they do not have email addresses. You consider second-day air delivery painfully slow. Your dining room table is now your flat filing cabinet. Your idea of being organized is multiple-colored Post-it notes, You hear most of your jokes via email instead of in person, You get an extra phone line so you can get phone calls. You disconnect from the Internet and get this awful feeling, as if you just pulled the plug on a loved one. You get up in the morning and go online before getting your coffee. You wake up at 2am to go to the bathroom and ‘check your email on your way back to bed. You start titing your head sideways to smile. :) You're reading this. Even worse, you're going to forward it to someone else Send this page to a friend. Read another email "a plane which is sometimes sed to cure coldsmodule 9 Check your pronunciation 9 a) © [9.2] Listen again to this extract from the text. Pause at the points indicated and look at the Pronunciation points below. ‘You hear mast of your jokes via email instead of in person (1). You get an extra phone line so you can get phone calls You disconnect from the Internet and get this awful 2) feling, as if you just pulled the plug on a loved one. You get up in the morning and go online (3) before getting your coffee. You wake up at 2am to go to the bathroom and check your email on your way back to bed. (4) You start tilting your head sideways to smile. :) EZ} You're reading this. (5) EB) ven worse, you're going to forward it to someone else. Pronunciation points 1 Notice the /s:/ sound in person. The same sound occurs in worse (point 25). 2 Notice the /o:/ sound in awful. This also occurs in morning (point 21) and forward (point 25). 3 Notice the way the words go and online are linked with a /w/ sound. The same thing occurs in 2am (point 22) 4 Notice the many words pronounced with weak forms in this sentence: you, at, to, to, the, and, your, your and to are all pronounced with a schwa /a/ sound. 5 Notice the stress on this because this is the important part of the sentence. b) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. Wordspot well 10 Complete the sentences with a word or phrase that goes with well. Unfortunately for Simon, the interview didn't Beveore at all well b hope you well. Breakfast will be served in about fifteen minutes. ¢ The report you sent in was extremely clear and thorough, Kate, Well. al well - being a talented ‘gymnast, lan is also an excellent footballer. After Lisa finishes her exams, she and her friends are flying off to Greece for a well... holiday. fT think we . well see a little bit of rain before the end of the day. 9 Thanks for the game. Well You deserved to win, h I'm well of what people are saying about us, but I still believe it’s none of their business 1 Ifyou happen to visit Dublin, the Castle is well b .. visiting, j My mother has been very touched by the number of well ones Cards she's received following her operation. k Having invested her inheritance wisely, Jane could now consider herself reasonably well 1 You let my sister buy a video. Can't | have one . well? m_ Even though it was well everyone was fast asleep. n Although I have no doubt it was a very well- comment, I think you may have unintentionally caused offence, © Few people now remember Bob Bachman, but he was well. as a TV entertainer in the 1970s, P_ Iwas very impressed by litle Adam's politeness: he really is a very well- . young man. midnight, 69module 9 Pronunciation Intonation in interjections 112 © (9.3) Listen to the phrases below. What does the phrase in bold express? + annoyance + doubt + interest / surprise acceptance of a situation 1A: It seems that David has changed his mind again, Now Chris wants you to do the presentation. B: Well, well ... how odd thought he wanted to do it Inimselt. forest / serps 2. A: Surely, you have to agree that Monty's is the best restaurant in town, Don’t you agree? B: Well, there are plenty of other restaurants where the food is very good. Take Mario’, for example .. 3. A: Oh dear, the film’s already started, B: Well, that's just your hard uck, You should have got here earlier, shouldn't you? 4. So Florence, you've decided to leave us. Well, there's nothing more I can do to persuade you to stay, so good luck. 5 Well, that's the last time I eat in that restaurant. 6 Well, I never thought I'd see the day when Georgie wore a tie, 7 Well, we'll just have to drink water if there isn’t any Coke. 8 Well, from what I’ve seen of your work up to now, I'd say there's very little chance of you passing, b) Practise saying the phrases yourself. Pay particular attention to the pronunciation of well. 70 Check your writing Introductory phrases 1 Davthe inoauctory phrases below are used in the text What didn’t come to pass on pages 88-89 of the Students’ Book. Match the phrases in the box below with the reasons for their use. actually Take...forexample Faceit;~> True; but For instance, ..._ Fortunately for .. Which brings me to it's my bet that... as for 1 to persuade the reader to accept something they don’t want to be true, or don’t know about ..... fae to accept that something is correct, before introducing a counter- argument 4s to introduce an example « to introduce a change of subject, or a new top to introduce a personal opinion to indicate that someone has been lucky b) Improve the paragraphs below by using one of the introductory phrases from the box to fill the gaps (some of the phrases have been split. Many poople think that congestion in cities would be eased my making all public transport free of charge. (1) Tene, such a scheme would have many advantages, (2) .......fH6 there are a number cof problems ro be considered as well (3) , wouldnie the buses and trains become so overcrowded that it would be impossible wo get on? @ seseeeen nobody likes to be squashed up against their fellow citizens, and (5) aa people would soon return t0 their cars People often think shopping online is an easy way of getting your shopping done where you want and when you want, BUC (6) s.vsssesseestneesneens ‘things arent always perfect in practice. (7) ..sesovsotenessneene the problem of delivery times, (8) How do you know youll happen to be at home when the delivery man rings the bell with your long-awaited goodies? And (9) getting the exact thing you ordered that can be a whole new nightmare .. Presently, the ltde village can only be reached after a two-day trek through the ‘mountains. (10) im) = those of you who find the idea of spending two days on horseback a bic too much, a new road is being built ap the main problem with this kind of eco-tourism however much we may think we can preserve the real charactet, change inevitable once the tourist arzive.bo you remember? Pages 86-87 1 Complete the titles of two of the texts. a The’, "House D. Behind the... A 2. Which phrasal verb means: to become popular and fashionable? Se 3. Which phrase comes before both the words meeting and headset? ....scesr 4. Supply the missing prepositions. Skilled professionals will be (1) pressure to work longer hours, while the mundane ‘work will be done (2) machine, leading (3) high unemployment. 5 Why will there be no ‘jobs for life’ in the future? 6 What is the noun form of these adjectives? a inactive .. b isolated ¢ adaptable Pages 88-89 7 Complete the title of the article: What didn’t 8 Who said in 1981: 640k of memory ought to be enough for aMyOMe? erm 9 What phrase goes in the gaps But what have we got ? More (1)... devices and less (2) 10 What, according to the article, are the two keys to extending life? les 11 Which word completes this sentence? The first artificial eyes are within ten years. 12 Rearrange the words to form a sentence. that / will / 2020 / by / have / predicted / cash / disappeared / is / virtually /1t .. to appear Pages 90-91 13 Complete the title: The Changing ...... of Tourism 14 What can you search for in the Argentine desert? 15 What are the missing countries? A bird watching holiday in remote Eastern b A horse-riding holiday in the olive groves of Northern 16 What word comes after painting, Italian cookery and survival? ha 17 What adjective means: unclear or difficult to see? 18 Rearrange the letters to form two verbs describing change. a mivoper bb etedroarite Pages 92-93, 19 The task is to create a time capsule for whom? 20 What examples of everyday objects are given? 21 What adjective means unusual or surprising? 22 In what year will the time capsule be opened? 23 What will the time capsule be the size of? 24 Put the verbs into the correct form. {ay} can (a) (Seal) So effectively that even fresh food (2). (preserve) perfectly. Pages 94.95 25 Name three phrases with well which are used to congratulate someone, 26 What word combines with well to mean: a wealthy? . > muscular? ..... © polite? . 27 What is the opposite of well ahead? .. 28 What are the missing prepositions? a print ‘a document » type your password c dick... ‘an icon 29 Which of these words does not go with hard? a copy » file ¢ question d ware 30 What are the three things mentioned that you can do with an email? nVocabulary When is it OK to lie? ) Answer the questions using a word beginning ith the letter shown, 1 What B means false, or intended to deceive people adjectivey? ... eg. 2 What B is how you speak if you tell the truth even if it upsets others (adverb)? .. . 3 What C means to get money by telling people something which is false (verb) 4 What C means to be unfaithful to your partner (phrasal verby? 5 What E means you make something much bigger or ‘more important than it really is (verb)? ‘6 What E is the reason people give for having done something wrong (noun)? . 4 7 What F is a small, unimportant lie (noun)? 8 What F is a document, painting or bank note which {snot real, but intended to deceive people (noun)? 9 What G means to escape without punishment (Phrasal verb)? z 10 What G is malicious talk about other people (noun)? 11 What K is an elaborate attempt to make people believe something that isn't true (noun)? 12 What Hs do you tell when someone needs to realise some unpleasant facts about themselves (noun, phurat? 13 What O is formal and serious promise you take, eg. ina court of law (noun)? .. 14 What Piis lying under O (noun)? 15 What Bs are pleces of information being passed ‘round which may or may not be true (noun, plural? 16 What S means to make something more widely ‘known and fs often used with Rs (verb)? 17 What T means that you have been lied to and deceived by someone else (phrasal verb)? 18 What Ts ate stories which you tell the teacher to get others into trouble (noun)? 19 What T means to make a formal statement in a court of law (verb)? 20 What W is the colour of les which are told to protect people or avoid harm (adjective)? .. 2 module 10 1b) Use the correct form of one of the words in part a) to complete the sentences. 1 Dutchman Hans van Meegeren made a fortune from selling paintings, supposedly by Dutch masters like Vermeer. In fact, the paintings were all _fergecs... which he did himself! 2 When Bernard said he'd been to the United States hundreds of times, I’m sure he was it can’t be more than five or six. 3 The accused swore under .. .» that he spent the evening at home watching videos: this was later found to be a lie, and he was charged with 4 Henry has been trying to . ‘money by persuading them to invest . insurance scheme, S Kirsty says that Robbie made her cry by pulling her hair, but I suspect she's telling 6 The robbers might have ‘people out of . if they hadn't left one Vital due at the scene ofthe crime. 7 Rather than tell little Hannah the truth about what happened to her cousin, we decided to tell her a 8 I'm so annoyed that they have been about my private life, I's none of thelr business. 9 David spoke very »,and told us a lot of which upset many people but was probably necessary. 10 There have been a lot of, going round, ‘bout redundancies. Can you confirm or deny them? 111 Rogers made a number of phone calls claiming to have planted bombs: they were all... and nothing was ever found, 12 Everyone knew that Angus had been fis wife for yeam: unfortunately she was the last to know. 13 T hope you've got a good ... for being three hours late for dinner. 14 Thad to tell a few to get the day off ~ but I'm sure no one will mind. 15 Hanson was a very convincing liar, and many people were .. by him,Patterns to notice Patterns with as ... as + verb 2 Write a phrase with as ... as + verb that is similar in meaning to the phrase in bold. @ I phoned my mother atthe earliest opporturity. etsoonae lel. penn > “Take oll the time you require to finish the report there's bo hu. Now you ean talk for an ualimited period thanks to BT’s new Talk Line mobile phone deal. According to the Beaumont Diet, you can eat an. unlimited quantity of pasta - but don't put any sauce on itl... Although the weather wasn’t great, we went to the beach whenever it was possible. {John drove up the motorway at maximum speed — which wasn't very fast in such an old car. 9 Trecommend that you sleep the maximum number of hours possible during the bus journey, 4s you'll have to start work early tomorrow. hi Help yourself to all the chocolates you want. | can't eat them, 1 Jane did the maximum amount of work possible in the short time she had available. j Iphone my sister at every possible opportunity, although phoning South Africa can be very expensive, k We had no time limit to make the recordings. 1 Apparently, you can drive without speed restrictions on private roads, 1m Well send a tax! when there is one available. You can take all the money you require from the ‘cash box. . ” © Although my aunt lives hundreds of miles away, {90 to visit every time Tam able to. P_ They promised to come and finish the work when it ‘was possible for them to ot module 10 Grammar: noun phrases Articles Complete the one-liners (short jokes) with a, an, the oro. ‘One Liners (1). 4. Women are to blame forall (2). Ties (8) ......s. men tell ~ they will keep asking a questions. (5) suns. people who cough loudly never goto (6) one doctor's, They 20 0 (7) 0. Giemsa, What's (8) best way to get (9) youthful figure? Ask (10) woman ber age (11) scene man Knows he’s in (12) love when he loses interest in his car for (13) .. Few days. aa) library at (15) White House has ‘been burned down. Apparently (16). President is very upset. Some of (17) hadn't been coloured in yet. books —————————— ‘You know you're getting old when you have as) birthday party, and (19) candles {cost more than (20)... eae, ‘What's (21), secret of (22)... happiness? Give me my golf clubs, (23)... tesh air, and ey beautiful partner. Then keep 25) golf clubs and (26) fresh ai 73module 10 Demonstratives and possessive adjectives Complete the text with words from the box below. it's that 4) this its (x2) their those [x 2) these their own (x2) Quantifiers Complete the sentences with a quantifier from the box below. all any (x2) eae both every (2) few x2) afew (x2) little no (x4) Aliens According to some, (1) .....Ahis will be the century when all (2) funny litte aliens we first read about in the 1950s are finally going to make contact. Not so fast, say others: UFOs are all in the mind, and should be seen as a form of cultural hysteria. @) u'S the disappointing conclusion of British researchers Andy Roberts and | david clarke whose latest book investigates thousands of military reports into UFO sightings | most of) early sightings date back to the 19505- the period of the Cold War,’ says Clarke ‘Remember that the threat of nuclear war hung over the world at (5) time. People naturally ‘wanted to believe that something up there in the sky ‘would come and rescue them.’ But (6) cncrenneneene Ot Just a question of psychology: technology comes into it as well. ‘Our knowledge of radar systems ~ which pick up UFOs ~ WS IM C7) sorenneerenee infancy then. The military radars were simply picking up (8) aeroplanes - and thinking they were UFOs. ) svvvnnnesnnee days the Mumber of Incidents appearing on radar has dwindled to almost nothing, Surely (10) cannot be a coincidence,’ argues Clarke OF course (1) ‘won't convince the thousands who claim to have seen UFOs with a) eyes. And, on the other side of the world, preparations are already being made for when humans and extra-terrestrials finally meet face- to-face, Officials in the town of Barra do Gracas, in the ‘uamps of Brazi's Matto Grosso, and a hotspot for sightings of UFOs, have already designated ‘22 acres to give the world (13) first UFO airport. The Brazilian UFO Investigation Team also have Ga) headquarters in nearby Pantanal So the fit human words our allen viltars hear may ‘well be "Ben vindos a0 planeta terra’ 74 Fishy) FACTS PO a IPP GIP GIO GO| aA starfish can be cut into a number of large chunks, and - plece will grow Into a completely whole starfish. bb The cod lays vast numbers of eggs, but . - of them survive — about five out of million! NOt essessssses Sharks are dangerous. In fact the largest. shark (the whale shark) eats only tiny plankton and has real teeth at al! Very people are actually killed by sharks. a Some European eels leave their home rivers and use waterway they can find to make it to the Gulf of Mexico, where they lay thelr eggs ~a distance of up to 6,000 miles! They can even +. metres by land if necessary. travel @ Oysters belong to . sexes in thelr etime: after beginning life as a male, they can undergo sex changes from female to male! Bsc . fish can live completely without water, but mudskippers (found in tropieal swamps) often leave the water for . - hours to lie on the mud, 9. Fish are found in virtually large body of water in the world — apart from the Dead Sea (between Israel and Jordan), where the salty water means that ..... fish ean survive, hh Although its safe to say there are . sea monsters, the siant sea squid — architeuthis dux — comes pretty close. Scientists still know about this 20-40fe squid, which has never been seen in its natural habitat; nor have deep-sea squid ever been caught alive.module 10 Ellipsis and substitution Cross out the unnecessary words in the dialogue. The number of words to be crossed out is shown at the end of each line. Hyphenated or contracted forms count as two words, In some cases you may need to add a word. Lesley: Be careful! You nearly mocked over that poor cydlist. (1) Tony: I'm sorry. It's not easy to look at the road and the ‘map at the same time. (-2) Lesley: Well, did offer to map- read but you wouldn't let me map-read. (-2) Tony: Because you always get us lost. Or you did get us lost last time, anyway. (-3) Lesley: No, I didn’t get us lost! You wouldn't listen to me! 3) Tony: Never mind, Are there any more car sweets? Can I hhave a car sweet? (-3) Lesley: No, you can’t have a car sweet, You ate the last car sweet an hour ago. (-6) Tony: It’s a pity we didn’t get some more car sweets when ‘we stopped for petrol. (5) Lesley: Just a minute. Did that sign say Crawley ten miles? Tony: I think it said Crawiey ten miles. Why? (5) Lesley: Because it means we're going in the wrong direction! Pronouns 7 ‘Complete the sentences with a suitable pronoun. This could be a Personal pronoun (!, you, me, etc.), a reciprocal pronoun (each other), a reflexive pronoun (yourself, myself, etc.) or a demonstrative pronoun (this, that, etc.) a Although I've never been in that position ....yseff.., [have a lot of sympathy for people who get into debt. b Tmust admit that at times I find ........-. hard to get out of bed in the mornings. There are going to be roadworks for the next few weeks: apparently re building a new roundabout Thank heavens .....:.0's over! Now we can concentrate on something a bit livelier fe 'm sure is going to come as a complete surprise to you all, but we've an announcement to make £ Upon entering the Cathedral of space. 4g. Team work is vital: all the sales staff should be able to rely on 100%. 1 Itjust goes to show... .. can’t trust anyone nowadays. i. Ifyou didn’t spend so much time admiring in the mirror, we ‘might not be late all the time! } ‘Can you two stop whispering please? This is a library.’ ‘Who? .. is struck by the enormous sense Pronunciation Weak and strong pronunciation of pronouns 8? (© 10.1] Pronouns are stressed if they are particularly important in the sentence. Listen to this example. It was you who suggested that we invite them ... not me! b) &¥ [10.2] Listen to the sentences below, paying attention to the pronouns in bold. Mark the ones that are stressed by underlining them. 1 They seem to have mentioned everyone except me. 2 The new medication has made him feel much better, but it didn’t help her very much. 3 You might not want to see him, but I certainly do. 4 | just don’t know what on earth we can tell him ... maybe your uncle can help. 5 If you see Andy again, ask him to call me instead of Mr Bernard. 6 It’s Frank who's the problem: if we could persuade him, the rest would be easy. 7 Apparently they're going to ban cars in the town centre: what will we do then? 8 It doesn’t matter what she thinks - it's what you think that worries me. 91 don't know about you, but I've had enough of this. 10 Was it you who I spoke to the other day? ©) Practise saying the sentences, copying the voices on the recording. 75module 10 Listen and read Believe it or not ABrittney Pringle, a nine-month- ‘old baby from Perth, Austral made her parents rich the moment she spoke her first words, ‘Brittney gave us a couple of goo-goos and ga-gas and then blurted out the mumbers 9, 12, 14, 22, 31 and 39) says proud mum, Dorcas Pringle, "We ran out and bought the lottery ticket and now our Brittney’s going to grow up as the world’s ‘youngest self-made millionaire. I can't explain how she did what she did, but we are determined she’s going to lead a normal life.” divorcing his wife Judith because her psychic powers put too much strain on their marriage. ‘She'd finish my sentences before I got the words halfway out of my mouth, says Eykers. ‘I could never surprise her with a gift for Christmas or her birthday and 1 could never get away with even the littlest white lie. It was like she had a peephole into my mind.’ The crisis came when Judith accused him of having an affair with his firm’s receptionist. Eykers insists: ‘I haven't touched her or even said two words to her ~ yet.” | eg SS [ New Yorker Alvin Eykers is {10.3} Read and / or listen to the articles below. © A British motorist lost her way during a day trip to Calais and Grove 800 miles across Europe looking for somewhere to turn round. Vivienne Vanderwault- Hudson, who had been shopping for cigarettes and alcohol, headed down the motorway, crossed the Pyrenees into Spain, and didn't stop until Gibraltar. ‘T get very seared driving - I've been stopped twice for driving too slowly. I kept hoping there ‘would be a gap in the road, but there wasn't. So T decided to keep going” | Loe cra | Crawley, got a shock when her ex-husband ~ who had been missing for 20 years ~ suddenly appeared from his cubbyhole hiding place in their former ‘marital home, Thinking 48-year- old Ben Holmes was a ghost, Crawley drew her .22 handgun } and shot him. He survived, later explaining in court that he had lived in the same house as his ex for several years, but hid himself whenever she was around. He } ||} had emerged to claim his share of the property. 76 arrived seven hours later. —— ENovice climber Leonardo Diaz ‘got stranded in a freak blizzard 12,500 up in the Andes. The Colombian tried to call for help on his mobile phone, but discovered that his pay-as-you- go credit had run out. Just when he had resigned himself to freezing to death, he received a call — from a telemarketer at his phone company, wondering if he'd like to buy more minutes Diaz explained the situation, and she alerted the emergency services. She and her colleagues then took tums to ring Diaz to keep his spirits up until help An American housewife is offering psychic consultations to troubled pets, Carol Schultz, ‘who claims she can speak the language of animals, charges $50 a session to counsel cats, dogs and horses. Satisfied customers include a dog which was Hitler in a past life and slept all the time to escape depression, and a dog which was trapped in a cat’s body. +) These articles all appeared in tabloid newspapers and claim to be true. Which stories do you think are true? Which do you think are made up?module 10 Check your pronunciation a) © [10.4] Listen again to this extract from 1 Othe text. Pause atthe polnts Indicated and look at the Pronunciation Points below. \"s Novice climber (1) Leonardo Diaz got stranded in a freak blizzard 12,500ft up in the Andes. The Colombian tried to s call for help on his mobile phone (2), but discovered that his pay- as-you-go credit had run out \ Just when he had resigned himself to freezing to death, he wo received (3) a call ~ from a telemarketer at his phone company, wondering (4) if he'd like to buy more minutes. Diaz explained the situation, and she alerted the emergency (3) services. She and her colleagues | then took turns to ring Diaz to keep his spirits up until help | arsed seven hours ater. Pronunciation points 1 Notice that the letter ‘b’ in climber is not pronounced, 2 Note that the stress on this compound noun is. ‘on phone. 3 Notice the pronunciation of the -ed ending as Jd! here: the same as tried (line 4), discovered (line 6), explained (line 14) and arrived (line 19). Contrast this with the fad! pronunciation of stranded (line 2) and ‘alerted (line 15), 4 Notice the /x/ sound in the first syllable of wondering. itis also found in Colombian (line 4), discovered (line 6), run (line 7), company (line 12) and up (line 18). 5 Notice the stress is on the second syllable of ‘emergency. Colombian (line 4) has the same stress pattern. bb) Practise reading the passage yourself, paying attention to the Pronunciation points above. Use the recording to help you if necessary. Check your writing Spelling 11 a) The verbs in the first column all feature in this module, Complete the table, using a dictionary to check the spelling if necessary. infinitive present participle past tense oy ening ried Iie (to someone) ‘commit, spit rely | lay (outy ‘grab die 'b) The words below also feature in the module. Write in the missing letters to give the correct spelling, 1 suspigious inst_ntan__us mali_i_us contr_v__ ef_ic__nt_y r_labl_ unfam adv_ ©) Write the appropriate form of the word in capitals to complete the sentence. 1 We looked through every single job . advertizement, in the paper, without finding anything suitable, ADVERTISE 2. Itis true that he hasn't... any crime, but he certainly acted badly. COMMIT 3. There are currently some very proposals for a new law regarding unemployment benefit. ‘CONTROVERSY 4 Ashe was... ., the King called all his followers to attend to him, DIE S. The streets of the city are out ina simple grid pattern. Lay 6 There have been a number of .. Tumours about Duncan appearing in the press. MALICE 7 Ws very hard to get ... information about ‘what's happening in the area as the telephone lines are down. RELY 8 The way that man has been hanging round outside the bank seems very .. tome, SUSPECT 7Po you remember? Pages 96-97 1 What's the title of the module? 2 In the example of a white lie, where has the rabbit gone? ... 3 What are the missing words? Sorry, she's (1) ‘a meeting @ ... the moment. 4 What phrasal verb means: to escape without punishment? so cscssseone 5 What verb goes with the nouns forgery and perjury? : 6 Which of these words does not go with the verb tell? a afb b hometruths © ahoax d tales Pages 98.99 7 What animal did the man see in his garden? 8 According to the quotation, what is truth stranger ‘than? acy 9 What are the missing adverbs in this quotation? Ithas (1)... been desirable to tell the truth, but (2) it) : necessary to tell the whole truth. 10 In the story, who got dressed as fast as (s)he could? : 11 Which is not a possible way to complete the sentence? Andy rides his motorbike as fast / many / much / offen as he can. 12 Complete the sentence. Words like this that, these are (1) his, her, etc., are (2) lot of ete, are (3). 1: MY, , and some, no, a Pages 100-101 13 According to the test, if you're lying, do you spit out more or fewer grains of rice? 14 When were lie detectors first used in the USA? 15 Who or what is your other half? the bad side of your personality, b_ your brother or sister ¢ your husband or wife 16 Whats the verb used to describe your face going red from embarrassment or shame? s 7B 17 What does the phrasal verb hang on mean? 18 What single word can replace the words in bold? A: Do they realise they are blushing? B: No, Idon’t think they realise they are blushing, Pages 102-103 19 The task isto find out if your partner is 20 Which is the correct alternative? once have made / made a record 21 Supply the missing modal verbs in these phrases. a You not believe this, but b Thisone possibly be true € There's no way she .. .- have .. 22 What words are used to emphasise that something is true? S 23 Complete the sentence with the correct form. Do you really expect that we will / us to / we believe that? 24 Which adjectives belong with these nouns? aa people d son EXPeriences, c relationships Pages 104-105 25 The adjectives soggy and crumpled are used to describe What? sone 26 Supply the missing prepositions in the sentences. a Theard children's voices the background. The rooms were all laid same way. € One day he got caught . 27 Which of these is not mentioned in the texts? @ CCIV b email ¢ the Internet 4 mobile phones ¢ text messaging 28 Rearrange the letters to form words ending in ly. a burpymeals b middteytat . © tilmetalyu 29 Rearrange the words to form a sentence. believe / Do / expect / me / really that? / to / you in the 30 Which word is different in meaning? @ amazing b joking c kiddingPronunciation table Consonants Symbol Key Word pan ban tip ip cap sep church Judge few view tow though sp ap fresh ee er & Special signs shows main stess shows secondary stress Vowels symbol one meh oR HoH Key Word beat bit bet bat bar block bought but burn brother bay bound beer bare poor player lower fewer ‘employer apy enol [Mfatthe end of 2 word means that /1/ is usually pronounced when the next word begins with @ vowel sound Vowels 4 esate wae ar letters sbi i xd ved Mood Imad menace fosed feo:d Jowed Mud Josed Jato) Consonants Write the word in normal letters. hast! fet, fkam/ frui/ fgest/ ‘/d3amp/ dvr diced /Oinf izl roi) Moeenf Iplezea/ ‘ites BUwrorenenages Diphthongs Write the word in normal letters. igetud/ ...gate.. fmaus/ ‘fant fweo/ ‘Pklavd/ ‘fia! how stent) too) ‘aval Hato! Islovo! Hoxie gorco rene ance | Witt tess wae phonemic script. ‘advanced /... worth / joke / fork /. chain /, repeat... . happier /... Af module /.... sce houses fo. ero sennange 79Answer key module 1 Vocabulary 1 a) 2 standard ofiving network 3 way of ie 10 mass 4 chain 11 non-native speaker $ conporation 12 immigration 6 damn 13 multiethnic 7 domestic 14 workwide 8 ood b) 2 brand 9 immigration 3 way of ie 10 non-native speaker 4 mult-thnic 11 domes 5 dash 12 Standard of ving & network 13 mass 2 goods 14 workwide 8 Comporation 2° 2 1 go somewhere in orge numbers 3 dificult to find 4 hattaction 5 dvety attractive ane tempting & holding gly 7 Kery happy and exited have no respect for 9 luxurious 10 eeasy to find 11 surrounding area 12. c extremely beautiful / 2 imported 7 focally 3 divenity 8 cultural 4 Immigration 9 tourism 5 investment 10 Americanisation 6 international Grammar: continuous verb forms 2 is taking place 9 have 3 willbedelivering 10. will also be blocking 4 ave been preparing 11 said 5 ore taking 12. todeisolating 6 matked 13. are becoming 7 have thrown 14 Te getting 8 were not allowing 15. will be making bbe geting 19) be working € yowconstantly change hare always comparing @ Twas hoping were wondering is forever devising } make f know 7 > 'mthinking 1 ‘m weighing © was having j don't see were admiring Xe seeighs sulle 1 being 1 appears m do you think 9 'mseeing nis expecting h admire Listen and read 9” 2 GF 66 3D ts 4 FG BE SH Wordspot & world h ground € world 1 ground @ earth j oor © world k cath 1 earth 1 oor 9 world mm ground Do you remember? ‘Going global: developing / spreading worldwide lash 1 2 3 4 standard of living 5 many 6 diversity ? Beijing 8 clutching 9. money, motorbikes, fashion, video games and rock music 10 amalls bsigns cestate 11 TV sets and washing machines 12 a fascinating b stunning cmain Bb 14 about 350 million 5b 16 foolish we 18 Dr ennifer Jenkins 19 action plan 20 for pleasure / because you have to 21 monolingual 22 aquestionnaire b confident ¢ pronunciation 2 lear, need, practise, speak 24 pages 2-5 2. ocean floor 26 carth-shattering 27 0 out 28 wood 29 on the ground 30 downpourmodule 2 Vocabulary 1? T/A E w arr E v 1| T N) | F ¥ iz D N U 3 R E 3 T a 1 wi T N| o} R E o E © Uw N b) 2 cos 9 furious 3 delighted 10 horrified 4 depressed 11 insecure desperate 12 let down & disillusioned 13 overjoyed 7 determined 14 proud 8 flabbergasted 15 reheved b he ancedote ¢ 1 comy a } epigram e k pun f 1 limerick ‘9 punch line Grammar: perfect verb forms having met € will have eaten has been had been diving F thavelett @. had changed having read i had hidden has been Khas been lying 1 will have been working / will have worked im to have checked nd been raining © have received Answer key hhave you been looking "ve been waiting Have you ever played 's been working thas never done ‘ve been watching hhave been seeing ‘ve been trying ‘ve never understood ‘ve been waiting, hasn't it artived 4 ie 1 98 z hs fF hhad been siting 8 had eaten hhad had 9 hadn't been ‘yebeen thinking 10 _had been sitting ‘ve eaten, 11 ‘ve been listening has heard 12 ‘ve never seen Nowseng, teneyy ~ro orem enes Have you tried Patterns to notice 7 b It wasn't the demonstrators who started the trouble. It was only last week that she finally got in touch, 4 What we like about Australia is the marvellous weather It's only after 630 that you can park here for free. f What you should do now is get plenty of rest It was only when I got home that I realised I'd plcked up the wrong coat. What I don't like about living here isthe awful tafe 1 Tewasn’t me who suggested having a barbecue. | What really annoys me isthe way you lied to us Pronunciation 38” Charlie Jones, been, home, five days Wordspot by aplnighing matter 9. crying her eyes cut € shoulder toay.on| bored o teas 4 bustout laughing 1 dose to tears © foods of tans (0 tans he f thetast laugh 81Answer key z 2 ‘aasthough 6 clike 3° bin addition to 7 But 4 bnomatterwhat 8 athat 5 aatlost » 2 Whatever / No matter what 3° asif/as though 4 Yet/ But 5 such os / lke 6 Aswell as / In addition to 7 which J that 8 finally /at last Do you remember? 1 adelighted pleased c overjoyed 2» 3 adesperate bdisillusioned determined 4 to amive 5 to pass with lying colours 6 out of the blue 7 atthe end Ba 9 Pert 10 deaf, mad and blind 11 the caveman 12 Perfect infinitive 13 you forget your lines / you make a joke and no one laughs 14 me 15 about 16 burst 47 tough 18 tears 19 c=mystified 20 aby bat con 26 Macy Gray / The Roseland Ballroom 27 Thirteen 28 to give 100% 29. On How Life Is 30 Macy Gray's voice module 3 Vocabulary 2 blush 12 taboo 3 charm 13 etiquette 4 swear 14 embarrassed tactful 15 ass 6 giagle 16 rude 7 blaspheme V7 yawn 8 compliment 18 sexist 9 awkward 19 dodgy 10 blunt 20 sneeze 11 manners b giggle 1 crass embarrassed. m_ sneezing @ blunt n blush © made © sexist f yawning etiquette 9 taboo. q. tactful fh compliment dodgy i swear charm j manners t blasphemy k pat 3” 2h 6a 309 za 4c ad sb ge 2 misinterpreted 6 impression 3 acceptable 7 unprofessional 4 unhygienic 8 disrespectful 5. offensive Grammar: modals 1 feel it is necessary to are sometimes ‘am unable to refuses to are able to will possibly perhaps you are fs not the correct thing to 10 pethaps went 11 isitOK to 12 sit possible for you to 13 am unwilling to 14 Um absolutely sure you are 15 was unable to 16 it would've been a good idea for you to have eavoueunGtAnswer key 1b We ought to have checked the train times before we set out. ‘¢ You don't have to / needn't / don’t need to book tickets in ‘advance 4d You didn’t have to / needn't have taken so much trouble ‘but thanks anyway! © Did you have to pay for the whole week? £ Your suit needs cleaning / ought to be cleaned as soon as possible @ We didn't have to pay for our meals They were included in the price of the holiday. ‘You ought to buy some mosquito repellent for your holiday. Do you think we ought to take some food for the journey? You needn't / don’t need to / don't have to get a visa If you're only staying for a week. 7 D didn't dave dare you € you dare f dare d daren't Pronunciation 8? 2 could: wood, stood 3 need: we'd, read (present) 4° dare: their, wear Sought: caught, sort 6 can't: aren't, aunt Patterns to notice where why © which 9 where where ho which e which 1 where Listen and read 10° 4a book of advice about ea etquete ‘yy Nine nosey questions How much money do you eam? ine 11) ‘Are you pregnant yet? ine 12) ‘re You ond fotn sil in lve? ine 13) How much dd you pay for that (line 32) ‘Are you hoving a réltionship with him? ne 3) ‘Where did you buy that? (line 39) eo jes peeing (oer en ea) ‘ae you going to go back to Won? (line 70) ‘Are You going on holiday this year? (ine 72) Ten suggested answers 1 can't believe you just asked me that line 16) 2 'mnot telling you that. (line 26) 3 Lean‘ possibly tell you that. (line 45) ‘Ym not telling anyone that. (line 46) Wouldn't you like to know? (line 48) That's none of your business, (line 49) never tell anyone that kind of thing. (line $8) ‘We don't know. Gime 80) We haven't decided yet. line 81) We haven't really thought about it. dine 81) Check your writing 'b Please feel free to bring your husband / wife / partne and anyone else who you'd like to share our party! ¢ Hieveryone! I'm currently doing a class project on famous French painters ~ mine is someone called Braque ~ and I ‘wondered if anyone out there had any information about him / her. Thanks! 4d Iwas round at my fend Sara's house the other day ~ ‘guess what she told me! It’s no surprise that the new exhibition has been described bby Theo Landis - New York's leading art ertic~ as ‘remarkable’ £ Sorry | haven't got round to answering - you know how ‘busy it can get at this time of year! Do you remember? 1 manners an charm 2 over 3a 4 aun. bun emis 5 to dropin 6 cough, sneeze or yawn 7 hishome 8 photos of his former gitriend 9 Spinach 10 play for time 11 photographs 12 the penny 13 refuse to 14 dande 15 cant 6b 17 where / who ( which 18 tocalm down a 20 He dropped out of university 21 the handle 22 a publishing company 23 Monica's cousin, lla 24 spot / selfish ae 26 ‘for your information’ and ‘by the way’ outlet d= herevith 28 Madi 29 Oh, go on / Oh, all ight then /I'you say so 30 apolite beasual creluctant -dcooperative‘Answer key module 4 Vocabulary ee 2 noroxope () 7 insomnia (@ 3 meditate 8 aromatherapy () 4 superstition 9 esteopathy () mascot) 10 séance 6 pray Ze ob 3b 0 a 4a na 5 ¢ 24 6 a Be 7 Moc 84 6s a Grammar: adjectives and adverbs b alive i steeping drunken } Tone 4 mere k only © sheer 1 asleep F sick m afraid g live no drunk frightened ill b badltempered lighthearted © newiy-appointed I 4éyearold d bumt out } long-haired @ open-minded k litie-known f badly paid 1 forty-minute 9 user friendly 5° 2 pre-industrial 7 unimportant 3 Incomplete 8 anti-American, 4 misunderstand 9 multilingual 5 maladjusted 0 overpaid 6 dishonest 1 sub-zero ») interchangeable, interdependent ‘molfunction, malnourished ‘outsell, outnumber semifinalist, semi-retired oa 2 odourless 11. stressful 3 atomic 12. greenish 4 electric 13 poisonous 5 4 painful 6 15. commercial 7 diplomatic 16 financial 8 psychological 17 administrative 9 medical 18 electrical 0 ‘anxious very, slightly completely, a bit pretty, «little absolutely, utterly pretty, rather mene ey Pronunciation Interactive Le e 28 superstition | disorderly | exercise allergic relationship | appetite | impressive ‘atmospheric | alternative | horoscope | unconscious unimportant | incompetent | pregnancy | imapine Patterns to notice greater the easiest acer ‘more resistant the best better better 10 more likely 11 the most effective 12 the healthier eavanausO Listen and read 10” 2P 6 au 7 aP 8 su 120 2 face) 9 3. hands 10 4 head (a u 5 ig 2 6 fingers B 7 hair) “ 8 nose (@) neck mouth stomach (6) foot thumbs (e) heartCheck your writing 13” 2 advise 12 lose 3 effect 13 pain 4 affect 14 pane 5 breath 15 price 6 breathe 16 prize 7 flair 17 telet 8 flare 18 relieve 9 live 19 straight 10 life 20° strait 11 loose ») 3 flare 13. live 6 relieve 14 breathe 7 life 16 relief 8 pain 17 straight 9 strait 18 advise 10 effects 20° flair 11 lose Do you remember? 1 Mind, body and spirit the eyes their palm > find out to take things In your stride hypnotherapy 9 everything 10 1 through 2 up $ at 4 to S out 11 ‘Ym counting to ten, Alex. 12. colour therapy, Thal yoga massage and acupuncture 13. bad-tempered, laid back, open-minded, worked up 14 a,condd 15 between 16 clutter 17 abrisk walk 18 the University of Barcelona 19 tertfied 20 a could b must c should 21 police constable 22 £10,000 23 runnersup 24 nominee 25 hands down 26 butterflies 21. drop things 28 Tit as a Fddle 29. a your personal trainer b the nutrition expert 30 four weeks 2 a 4 5. a lucky b spiritual c allergic 6 7 8 module 5 Vocabulary 1 Answer key ‘education | education a 3” + found 218inder | foundStion 7 Sareduate | gfeduate —_|6 graduation sentist [7 sfence | scienfic a Sanmety | Stxious |Sducate roBaucator |11 eduStion | 12 edudtional expect 13 expectancy) 15 exséctant 14 expecta sptculate | 16 spRculator | 17 specultion| 18 speculative Patterns to notice 4 a) by about from about ‘about for at 10 2 13 “4 15 ‘about for TorAnswer key » 8 . ge See bis believed to have escaped about | at | by | for | from | in | to eee fat Jom — [eau Joes — [outs Pte [aabrc 4 not thought to be considering ert semi | bones | omen] is rumoured to have spent salen ee {le expeted to show sx | 9g were not intended to cause site hh is reported to be om is known to be J isalleged to have been 5 Vs pe soni pees ath 1 is assumed to have been © out h around @ sp away 9 et i out Pupils whehaveteen enrolled for exams at fon ‘Nottingham school will be fed a diet of bananas and classical music. Teachers at Kensal Green Gil’ Schoo! hope their students brain power will be increased by the sped regime hens Interviewed om local television, head teacher Pn 1 ay eae Sarah Weaver said, ‘Every gil wil be aay Tee given a banana on exam momings to help ah poe them get their brains into gear Soothing a Hee classical music - whieh-s played at low oe be ‘volume through concealed speakers - is sei Boe believed to calm candidates'nerves ond we papas pt them in a relaxed frame of mind as they nen cat ‘enter the exaraination hall. The experiment — ooh ek ‘ehicvis based on similar techniques used in le cu US universities ~ is likely to be imitated in eee other Nottingham schools if tes found to be succesful Grammar: passive forms 10 7 iy gems eerie Be © tohaveitremoved __j _to.get creased oi eee ae got stuck K to have got engaged ee © 'd get dressed 1 having her hair done pits ane f gotstared got but pate g tage ‘nad her ears pierced 7 being resurrected Sa ae 8 were used 3 9 Is recovered Listen and read 10 be inserted 11 11 wil be placed 12 has been stripped 2 Benn Pitman 13 to be developed 3 mail, TV and radio programmes 14 to be done 4 none 15 being released 5 documentaries and nature programmes 6 Walking with Dinosaurs Wordspot bin hak © up 1 find a out j leod @ 100 K know Font 1 round 9 own 86Answer key Check your writing 14 2 which 3 Mot 4 sothat 5 However helping Instead In onder to Do you remember? Leeming for life ‘rash course, reesher course, foundation course drop out False Reading, Waiting and Arithmetic a specie job toddlers / preschoolers the worm ‘educational Holland / The Netherlands within Rain Man ‘around see (Gomeone) off William Atkinson dug, alcohol and raisin experiences ¢= opportunity d= tolerance Expectant mothers are pressured into buying CDs ike Matart for mothers-torbe 20 should have 24 vital 22 a proctical sil 23 head, chest, ear, mouth, nostis side, chin, shoulders 24 step-by-step 25 tips 26 ‘yping 27 intheway 28 asi going to-do that Giving them extra help 30 afind bknow cask module 6 Vocabulary b fee ransom © priceless 1 bankrupt a worthless J} broke © stingy k bribes f subsidy 1 automatic cash machine 9 pension 2” 2° ingenious 8 smart 3 backpacker 9 tip 4 lavish 10 convict 5 commuter 11 ratings 6 top 12 speechless Pronunciation 3? 1 fev way: claim, rote 2 foi boy: coin, toy, join 3. aul go: broke, grow, borrow 4a Buy: tight, bribe 5S [aus now: doubt, count, drown 6 lea/dare: bear, fair Grammar: time and tense 4 Al examples are shown although students only have to write one. Simple Continuous Present | Tell itis, you see, | (the stars) are shining (hich) means, I observe, (the Moon) Is | (therefore) deduce, (the time) is Present | Thave (ust) made, | Thave been studying Perfect | (Some thief) has stolen Past they decided, woke up, | Gherlock Holmes and ‘saw, said (x3), thought, | Dr Watson) were hhaving, they were leaving, (his fiend was lying) | Past | theyhad finished | He had (obviousiyy Perfect been doing | Future | it will (probably) be | (the Moon) ... will be setting Future | we will have been Perfect | on holiday ‘The Future Perfect Continuous (will have been doing) is not included. 5° 2 leave 7 wins 3 has 8 smashes 4 denies 9 shouts out 5 ar 10 doesn't leave 6 dedare 87Answer key ») ‘+ Totalk about the past when we tell «joke, relate a story, ‘book or play: 1, 3 + Torefer to an action which happens at the moment of speaking: 6 ‘+ To describe or commentate on a present action: 8 “To describe future events which are programmed or ‘timetabled: 5, 10 To refer to the Future after time conjunctions such as I, when, before, as soon as, etc: 2 ‘After relative pronouns such as who and wherein ‘subordinate clauses introduced by as, than and whether: 29 you'd listened {00k were to wanted hhad been faced up was wondering didn’t make could Was there ‘d known could let had been coming 68 Kay tells me you're having a barbecue this evening, 1 Whenever I see him I can't help laughing, 9.1 couldn't help laughing. 4 just happened to be passing, so I thought I'd drop by ‘and see you, £/” $f | happen to be passing, I drop by and see you. 9. 2Whenever | happen to be passing, I drop by and see her. hh & People hundreds of years ago believed the earth vas lat ' 1 sane Qy ong r renee 10 A few people sll belleve the earth Is fat. ‘5 Scientists proved many years ago thatthe earth isn’t lat. Patterns to notice ‘Only then did [notice that something was missing Rarely have I witnessed such enthusiasm 'No way are we going to get this finished tonight. Seldom has the economic outlook looked so gloomy. ‘Not only did you lie to me, you also stole my money. "No longer do women expect men to provide for them ‘economically. [Not once did he say ‘thank you’ for all the help 1 {gave bir ‘Only now do J realise how foolish 1 was. | Never before have so many people participated in a TV. ‘game show. k Onno account should what I've told you be revealed to anyone ese = e989 5¢9 Listen and read 9” affivenza isa term for the problems associated with having too ‘much money 4) Bill and Melinda Gates Charles W Collier Raphael de Rothschild Michael Douglas and Catherine Zeta-Jones Jamie Lee Curtis Susan Sanderson. Jeremy Brigthon Check your writing 2 est. pop 1,195,000 long-distance 17°C approx. 62.5°F 30°C B6'F 08 em 829 bn in 1993-4 400,000 overseas vistors and about Sm s2ibn Do you remember? 1mm 2a 3 In the black 4 ransom 5 evil 6 Take care of the pennies and the pounds will look after themselves. 7 1998 8 decline beontestants c answers 9 has been sold / being shown, 10 backpacker 12 the trish one 13 Thad been going 2said 3 realised 4 hed forgotten 14 to cut eyeholes in the woollen masks they were wearing 15 has expired 17 did 48 aunderbon wo 20 unanimously 21 ‘coo!’ 22 a dancer 23 aelderly b prenuptial c sole 25. statistics 26 in/on 27 aslightly b sharply csteadily 28 ahuge benormous c vast 29 a pinch 30 peopleAnswer key module 7 Vocabulary b chatty keep themselves to themselves sulk © neat fad back likes company | unpredictable 4 grumpy | privacy k dynamic 1 fussy competitive 9 economical ‘approval transmission supportive i desirable i feature ‘commitment seco comprehension Patterns to notice 3 keeps (on) phoning you even when there's no real news. bis always talking about thelr boring hobbies; tends not to notice when other people aren't snterested, used to walk home from schoo! together; would always. take my side if there was an argument. was always criticising me in front of the other students; tended to teat the gitls better than the boys; kept (on) losing his temper withthe students. Grammar: infinitives and -ing forms living © sharing 4 tobuy © tobe retumed £ spoiling 9. tobegiven b tobe {by looking for / by finding / not seeing | tobe doing b tocall k tomake out & atavoiding 1 tose d. tovist m ofspeaking © packing ‘non riding £ toretum © tose 9 totell about getting about flying 4. inleaming {writing F to change’ J tovisit In fact he’s already made several attempts to escape. He and his cellmates often have arguments, about escaping. He'd probably have difficulty escaping, ene gy He has plans to introduce a new traffic scheme. He s likely to have trouble introducing a new trafficscheme, 3 Not everyone sees the advantages of introducing a new traffic scheme 4 Many members of the public have doubts about Introducing a new traffic scheme, 1 _ Ali parents are convinced of the importance of studying abroad, His parents are giving Ali the opportunity to study abroad. Ali having a few problems finding the right place to stay, Ali has to make some difficult decisions about finding the right place to study. ‘a accused /e suspected ‘ask /e permit ‘chear /d remember ‘cneed / d regretted ‘criticised / forbid clet /d make «@ has forgiven me /c prevented ordered fd persuaded 10 b regrets / e admits 11 aasked / thanked 32 not letting /emaking 33 a@ accused /d prevented 34 adaren’t /b had better 15 Diet / estopped weraueenS| 2 giving 9 caring 3 to become 10 being 4 performing 11 patting on 5 nottohave 12 taking 6 tobe 13. putting 7 belonging 14 performing B tounderestimate 15 to develop line 3: of the line 6: who is line 8: who were line 10: who was line 12: as he was Pronunciation 10” a 5 hf 3h 6 at 89Answer key Patterns to notice i lack sense need /tendney © achievement love 4. eed 1 total ambition pas fear yv ae, x 8 x Check your writing 2 while 8 other than that 3. Imadaiton to 9 Thisisbecouse 4° Thismeans that 10. Even i 5 Even though 11 Thivexplains why 6 Onthe other hand 12 Aswellas thot 7 trough Wordspot 1s ina moment 9 exactly © really bh really 4 only 1 exactly e only i only Fa short time ago Do you remember? 1b 2b 3 all over the place 4 ato bior con 5 One minute he was down and depressed, the next minute he'd be laughing and telling jokes. 6 tends losing 7 interrupting / listening / saying / infuriating 8 bush 9. disgusting 10 i being 2t0be 3 would be 1 Liz / Australian 12 beonscientious ¢ independent 13 Shipwrecked 14 the Pacific Ocean 15 athe island building materials ¢ the conditions 16 hen 17 ade 18 @ person who prefers o be alone 19 thick-skinned. 20 10,000 21 soap in the bath 22 the domestic chores 23 approval, excitement and reassurance 24 10 forgot 25 ¢ 26. small and significant 27 aandd 28 aabout bin cat 29 He phoned just after you lef. b module 8 Vocabulary 1” 2 pierced 12 traditional 3 eyebrow 13 ornament 4 dye 14 minimalist 5. sports car 15 unconventional 6 cute 16 antique 7 pyjamas 17 chic 8 scruffy 18 cluttered 9 flashy 19 trainers 10 sophisticated 20 contemporary 11 bright mace 7857 Ky i k Ir nena Patterns to notice certainly does go on Boy, is it hot Am glad [really do apologise ‘Man did she look 1 really do think Boy have Lgot really do appreciate eavoueenyy Grammar: adverbs 4 ‘So you admit breaking into Carla's Fashion Store on October Ath last year?” "Yes, your honour But I can honestly say I haven't done ‘anything like this before, and it will definitely never happen ‘again. Fonly did it because my wife desperately needed a new dress.’ The judge looked at his case notes for a few moments. ‘1see. So why then did you break into the shop again on the 12th, 13th and 14th of October?” “Because my wife made me change the dress three times. good hina friendly way © deep 1 wrongly @ good i yet © hard Keely f suill 1 stil 9 lateb (especialy f @even © (yonly 9 only 4 @even h Qleven © A)especially i) especially 2° definitely 6 probably 3. almost certainly 7 conceivably 4 undoubtedly 8 definitely not 5 most likely Listen and read go 22 aa as 36 63 Wordspot > world i onlooker © ainy i soundtrack 4 of k up © effects 1 free 1 look alike m sound bites 9 lookout ‘feel-good he mixed Pronunciation alle 2 reign 6 psychedelic 3 exhausted 7 castle M4 knowledge 8 song 5) palm 8 2 World-famous writer answers his eitics 3 Foreign minister resigns after campaign of rumours 4 Unknown striker sotto make debut due to Beckham's denee injury Half of the world’s wild salmon coud die out ‘Queen to spend Christmas at Windsor Castle Tax investigators find missing receipts in cupboard Check your writing 1 e4 3 f 6 as b) 2. Just couldn't elleve my ears! 3. Would you ‘invest half a month’ salary on a single item of dathing? 4 Yours sincerely, Terry Adams Marketing Manager 5. There are too many badly-designed clothes at this. year's exhibition 6 Tomy compl me a stupid 7 Dear Mr Attey, 8 An example of theie ‘hospitality’ was shouting at me for Tosing my key. smazement, she turned round and called Answer key Do you remember? 1 Taste 2 duittered 53 your navel, nose or eyebrow 4 Gfumiure bart casuit 5 caste 6 abright b ime 7 scons '8 conducted her life 9. simply 10 aquality blife c generation 11 get through, 12 Why do people find a giel who does Jook lke a it offensive? 13 effects 14 fool 15 her dreams 16d We 182 49 ‘rant 20. Reom 101 21 anerves stand cdrives 22 to put somebody through 23 absolutely b morally cdaily 24 garment 25 Gherjeans bhertop cher tattoo 2% ¢ 7b 28 eye-catching 29 enough 30 being ”Answer key module 9 Vocabulary 1” 2 skilled 8 strain 3. freelance 9 deserted 4 laboursaving 10 sedentary 5 short-term 11 interaction 6 health 12 unskilled 7 isolation b) 2 obesity: 6 appliance 3 adaptability 7 opponent 4 inactivity 8 increasingly 5 fitness b mun a give < think h have make i might fe know: j want leave 3” 2 puddle 8 double-glazing 3 device 9 tuck 4 stack 10 inclination 5 forego 11 outlook 6 deluded 12 resounding 7 opt ) 2 package 8 stack 3 devices 9 puddles 4 inclination 10 outlook S- resounding 11 double-glazing 6 deluded 12 opt 7 tucked b 2 is due to appear 3 ison the verge of returning 4 areto drop 5 isset to win 6 arelikely to vote 7 Ss about to begin 8 bound to benefit 9 on the point of reaching 0 aretto sign. were leaving 6 were on the point of ‘was going to be 7 were going to be was about tosay «8 was tobe ‘would Patterns to notice 7 e of > za h Boo ‘The standard of teaching appears to be getting worse, The town's importance is slowly decreasing, Fewer and fewer people are taking holidays abroad, ‘We seem to have more and more time to ourselves these days. 6 Julio’ English seems to be slowly getting worse 7. The difference between the two groups is becoming more and more blued. 8 The days are geting shorter and shorter Listen and read g” email: 3,7, 14, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25. ‘websites and chatting on the Internet: 4,5, 9, 20, 21, 2, 25, telecommunications: 2,3, 8, 11, 19 ‘the way people eat and shop: 6, 12, 13 your home being like an office! 16,17 Wordspot b slept J get. soon © done kof @ As. as 1 as earned rm before f may / might /could n_ meant 9 played ° known be Gware > mannered 1 worth Pronunciation aa. 2 doubt suprise 3 annoyance 7 acceptance 4 acceptance 8 doubt S- annoyance Check your wi 12° 2 True, «but. 3° Forinstance,.. / Take .. for example 4 Which brings me to... /as for. 5. Wsmy bet that 6 Fortunately for ») 3) Forinstance 8 forexample 4 Faceit 9 as for Sits my bet that 10 Fortunately for 6 actually 11 Which brings me to 7 TakeDo you remember? alntligentb Wheel ae vital realty Tie Ty 6 tecause there il be more lb and hort term ees 6 Ginaciay isclton cadaptabiy ees @ ican S Lfimeseving 2 tne (oie lal cacao ise 12 Mts preiced tha by 2020 cash wil hve Decult aiaeed 13 law abate iS Sone eee ice 17 Slured 1 a ipere b ieonat 1) future generations 20 athe tos and future peel za 2250 BS cnn 2A Ube sealed 2 wil be preserved 25 Well done Wl ted Wel played! Wel sal ec ew ete ered 2 wel behind taco eee Be 40 open forward dee Answer key Vocabulary 1 a) 2 bluntly 12. woe truths con 13 oath cheat on 14 perury exaggerate 15 rumours enaise 16 spread afb 17 taken in forgery 18 tales qanoy with 19 tasty ‘gossip 20 white hoax: ‘exaggerating ‘oath / perjury con / bogus tales {got away with it white le gossiping bluntly home truths 11 hoaxes 12 cheating 13 excuse 14 ibs 15 taken in Patterns to notice 1s long as you need. as long as you want fas much pasta as you want 1s often as we could 1s fast 08 he could fs much as you can {as many chocolates as you want {as much work as she could fas often as Ican 1s long as we wanted / needed 1s fast as you want / lke {9s much money as you want {8 often as I can, fs soon as they could rammar: noun phrases aomenQ) @ VOHRA -sensencpy the = 1A 20 ° 29 21 the e Ba Ro ° the = 23. © the 1S the «= 24 a 7 the 16 the 25 the Bthe 17the 26 the 90 18a 100 19the 3Answer key 4 Listen and read 2 those 7 ts 12 thele own 9» 3 That & thrown 13 is ; ee ee parent all testo ae trl 5 tha 10 thot Check your writing 5 11% There 1 No/ afew © al/no/ ew 9 every/'no any /a few fh no/ little / any eine eerie Panne, @ both = | ayina ciel 6 Te to seone) | Jing tea comm Cermiting | ‘cried Talay Sena i li eee pe cae | ‘piting spat Tony! Sm sony. fs noteasytolok atthe road.and te map| ey ‘eying ralea arte sme time ay cou) isying io Lesley: Wel ld olerfo map-ead but you wouldn't etme | gwd grabbing sated mepeed ae hing dea Tony: ectuse you lvays oe us lost. Or you did getatost last ime, any. Lesley: No didnt ger You woul ten o me » ony! Never mind hre tere anymore car sweets? Can 2 tnsontancous «6 aloble one 3 malicious 7 anfomBlar glean 4 conraversal 8 versement Lesley: No, fou cant hawe-arovet, You atthe ast 5 elicenty one fenaneet am hour 90 eat ae ving: AES mete cara combs somive 2 Cd 6 mii eaves oie 4 dy 8 suspicious Lesley; justo minute Dd tha sign say Crawly ten miles? $0 2 ‘Tony: eee ‘Why? Lesley: Becaye it means we're going in the wrong direction! bit 9. cach other © they You @ that 1 yourself e this j Us £ one Pronunciation 3” 2 The new medication has made him feel much better, but it didn't help her very much. 3 You might not want to see him, but J certainly do 4 [just don’t know what on earth we can tell him your uncle can help. 5. Ifyou see Andy again, ask him to call me instead of Mr Bernard, 6 It's Frank who's the problem: If we could persuade him, the rest would be easy. 7 Apparently they're going to ban cars in the town centre: ‘what will we do then? 8 Itdoesn’t matter what she thinks - Its what you think that, 9 Idon't know about you, but I've had enough of this. 10 Was it you who I spoke to the other day? ‘maybe 94 Do you remember? 1 Truth and Lies 2 torabbit heaven 3 in 2at 4 getaway with 5 tocommit ée 7 a-unlcor 8 faion 9 always 2seldom 3 ever 10 the mans wife 11 many 12 1demonstratives 2 possessives 3 quantifiers 13 more 14 the 19505 16 blush 17 wait 18 do 19 ying 20 made 21 amay beant ccould 22 absolutely 100 per cent 23 usto 24 famous b unusual c past 25 a piece of paper 26 ain bout cout ae 28 a presumably b admittedly c ultimate ly 29 Do you really expect me to believe that?Pronunciation table at i i eee mouse fight wear | where loud cheer toy dornee ang! advan bof 10k) teks Onenae RL ene ac ey OTB AO TR) ETA aA Ty bored / board wood food bird butter thin these bang pleasure yoghurt state tour tower fire slower lawyer few! Ing Japa) Jes aaa! Answer key 95