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Ch.9 Differentiation PDF

1. Find the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve with equation y = 2x^2 - 12x. 2. Figure 1 shows part of the curve C with equation y = 2x + 8/x^2 - 5, x > 0. The problem finds the area of the shaded region R bounded by the curve and the line joining points P(1,?) and Q(4,?). 3. The curve C has equation y = 2x^3 - 5x^2 - 4x + 2. The problem finds the turning points by taking the first and second derivatives and determines the nature of the turning points.

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Ch.9 Differentiation PDF

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Edexcel Maths C2

Topic Questions from Papers

Differentiation

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1. Find the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve with equation y = 2x2 – 12x.
(4)

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10. Figure 1

y
8
y = 2x + −5
x2

Q
R

O x

8
Figure 1 shows part of the curve C with equation y = 2 x + − 5, x > 0.
x2
The points P and Q lie on C and have x-coordinates 1 and 4 respectively. The region R,
shaded in Figure 1, is bounded by C and the straight line joining P and Q.

(a) Find the exact area of R.

(8)

(b) Use calculus to show that y is increasing for x > 2.

(4)

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7. The curve C has equation

y = 2x3 – 5x2 – 4x + 2.
dy
(a) Find .
dx (2)

(b) Using the result from part (a), find the coordinates of the turning points of C.
(4)
d2 y
(c) Find .
dx 2
(2)

(d) Hence, or otherwise, determine the nature of the turning points of C.

(2)
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10. Figure 3

y
y = x3 – 8x2 + 20x

A
B
R

O N x

Figure 3 shows a sketch of part of the curve with equation y = x3 – 8x2 + 20x.
The curve has stationary points A and B.

(a) Use calculus to find the x-coordinates of A and B.

(4)
d2 y
(b) Find the value of at A, and hence verify that A is a maximum.
dx 2
(2)

The line through B parallel to the y-axis meets the x-axis at the point N.
The region R, shown shaded in Figure 3, is bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the line
from A to N.

(d) Hence calculate the exact area of R.

(5)
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1. f(x) = x3 + 3x2 + 5.

Find

(a) f aa x),
2
(3)
(b) ³ 1
f (x) dx.
(4)
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8. A diesel lorry is driven from Birmingham to Bury at a steady speed of v kilometres per
hour. The total cost of the journey, £C, is given by

1400 2 v
C .
v 7

(a) Find the value of v for which C is a minimum.

(5)
2
dC
(b) Find and hence verify that C is a minimum for this value of v.
dv 2
(2)

(c) Calculate the minimum total cost of the journey.

(2)
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10.

2x cm

x cm
y cm

Figure 4

Figure 4 shows a solid brick in the shape of a cuboid measuring 2x cm by x cm by y cm.

The total surface area of the brick is 600 cm2.

(a) Show that the volume, V cm3, of the brick is given by

4x3
V = 200 x − .
3
(4)

Given that x can vary,

(b) use calculus to find the maximum value of V, giving your answer to the nearest cm3.
(5)

(c) Justify that the value of V you have found is a maximum.

(2)

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9. Figure 4

x y

Figure 4 shows an open-topped water tank, in the shape of a cuboid, which is made of
sheet metal. The base of the tank is a rectangle x metres by y metres. The height of the
tank is x metres.

The capacity of the tank is 100 m3.

(a) Show that the area A m2 of the sheet metal used to make the tank is given by

300
A= + 2x2 .
x
(4)

(b) Use calculus to find the value of x for which A is stationary.

(4)

(c) Prove that this value of x gives a minimum value of A.

(2)

(d) Calculate the minimum area of sheet metal needed to make the tank.
(2)
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10. A solid right circular cylinder has radius r cm and height h cm.

The total surface area of the cylinder is 800 cm2 .

(a) Show that the volume, V cm3 , of the cylinder is given by

V = 400r – ʌr3.
(4)

Given that r varies,

(b) use calculus to find the maximum value of V, to the nearest cm3.
(6)

(c) Justify that the value of V you have found is a maximum.

(2)
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9. r
h 1 rad

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a closed box used by a shop for packing pieces of cake. The box is a right
prism of height h cm. The cross section is a sector of a circle. The sector has radius r cm
and angle 1 radian.

The volume of the box is 300 cm3 .

(a) Show that the surface area of the box, cm2 , is given by

1800
r2
r
(5)

(b) Use calculus to find the value of r for which is stationary.

(4)

(c) Prove that this value of r gives a minimum value of .

(2)

(d) Find, to the nearest cm2, this minimum value of .

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3
9. The curve C has equation y = 12 √
G ( x) − x 2 − 10 , x!0

(a) Use calculus to find the coordinates of the turning point on C.

(7)
d2 y
(b) Find .
dx 2 (2)

(c) State the nature of the turning point.

(1)
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3.
y x 2 k x , where is a constant.
dy
(a) Find .
dx (2)

(b) Given that y is decreasing at x 4 , find the set of possible values of .

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10. The volume V cm3 of a box, of height x cm, is given by
V = 4 x(5 − x) 2 , 0 x5

dV
(a) Find .
dx
(4)

(b) Hence find the maximum volume of the box.

(4)

(c) Use calculus to justify that the volume that you found in part (b) is a maximum.
(2)
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8.

Figure 2

A cuboid has a rectangular cross-section where the length of the rectangle is equal to twice
its width, x cm, as shown in Figure 2.
The volume of the cuboid is 81 cubic centimetres.

(a) Show that the total length, L cm, of the twelve edges of the cuboid is given by

L = 12 x + 162
x2 (3)

(b) Use calculus to find the minimum value of L.

(6)

(c) Justify, by further differentiation, that the value of L that you have found is a minimum.
(2)
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8.

Figure 3

Figure 3 shows a flowerbed. Its shape is a quarter of a circle of radius x metres with two
equal rectangles attached to it along its radii. Each rectangle has length equal to x metres
and width equal to y metres.

Given that the area of the flowerbed is 4 m 2 ,

(a) show that

16 − x 2
y=
8x
(3)

(b) Hence show that the perimeter P metres of the flowerbed is given by the equation

8
P= + 2x
x (3)

(c) Use calculus to find the minimum value of P.

(5)

(d) Find the width of each rectangle when the perimeter is a minimum.
Give your answer to the nearest centimetre.
(2)
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8.

h mm

x mm
Figure 3

A manufacturer produces pain relieving tablets. Each tablet is in the shape of a solid circular
cylinder with base radius x mm and height h mm, as shown in Figure 3.

Given that the volume of each tablet has to be 60 mm3,

(a) express h in terms of x,

(1)
120
(b) show that the surface area, A mm2, of a tablet is given by A = 2x2 +
x (3)

The manufacturer needs to minimise the surface area A mm2, of a tablet.

(c) Use calculus to find the value of x for which A is a minimum.

(5)

(d) Calculate the minimum value of A, giving your answer to the nearest integer.
(2)

(e) Show that this value of A is a minimum.

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4
8. The curve C has equation y = 6 − 3 x − , x≠0
x3
(a) Use calculus to show that the curve has a turning point P when x = 2
(4)

(b) Find the x-coordinate of the other turning point Q on the curve.
(1)
d2 y
(c) Find .
dx 2 (1)

(d) Hence or otherwise, state with justification, the nature of each of these turning points
P and Q.
(3)
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1. Using calculus, find the coordinates of the stationary point on the curve with equation

8
y = 2x + 3 + , x>0
x2
(6)
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9. The curve with equation

y = x2 – 32¸x) x!

has a stationary point P.

Use calculus

(a) to find the coordinates of P,

(6)

(b) to determine the nature of the stationary point P.

(3)
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Core Mathematics C2

Candidates sitting C2 may also require those formulae listed under Core Mathematics C1.

Cosine rule

a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bc cos A

Binomial series

⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞ ⎛ n⎞
(a + b) n = a n + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ a n −1b + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ a n − 2 b 2 + K + ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ a n − r b r + K + b n (n ∈ ℕ)
⎝ 1⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ ⎝r⎠
⎛ n⎞ n!
where ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ = n C r =
⎝r⎠ r! (n − r )!
n(n − 1) 2 n(n − 1) K (n − r + 1) r
(1 + x) n = 1 + nx + x +K+ x + K ( x < 1, n ∈ ℝ)
1× 2 1× 2 × K × r

Logarithms and exponentials

log b x
log a x =
log b a

Geometric series

un = arn − 1

a (1 − r n )
Sn =
1− r

a
S∞ = for ⏐r⏐ < 1
1− r

Numerical integration
b
⌠ b−a
The trapezium rule: ⎮ y dx ≈ 1
2 h{(y0 + yn) + 2(y1 + y2 + ... + yn – 1)}, where h =
⌡a n

Edexcel AS/A level Mathematics Formulae List: Core Mathematics C2 – Issue 1 – September 2009 5
Core Mathematics C1

Mensuration

Surface area of sphere = 4π r 2

Area of curved surface of cone = π r × slant height

Arithmetic series
un = a + (n – 1)d
1 1
Sn = n(a + l) = n[2a + (n − 1)d]
2 2

4 Edexcel AS/A level Mathematics Formulae List: Core Mathematics C1 – Issue 1 – September 2009

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