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Pile Calculation-Silo

The document summarizes methods to calculate the vertical and horizontal load carrying capacities of piles based on Indian standards. It provides formulas to calculate: 1) The ultimate vertical load capacity (Qu) of a pile as the sum of the ultimate base resistance (Ru) and ultimate shaft resistance (Rf). 2) The ultimate base and shaft resistances based on parameters like pile cross-sectional area, soil properties, overburden pressure. 3) It then applies the formulas to calculate the vertical load capacity of a specific pile as 171.4 tons. 4) For horizontal capacity, it defines parameters like pile diameter, concrete strength, and calculates the equivalent cantilever length and deflection under load.

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547 views

Pile Calculation-Silo

The document summarizes methods to calculate the vertical and horizontal load carrying capacities of piles based on Indian standards. It provides formulas to calculate: 1) The ultimate vertical load capacity (Qu) of a pile as the sum of the ultimate base resistance (Ru) and ultimate shaft resistance (Rf). 2) The ultimate base and shaft resistances based on parameters like pile cross-sectional area, soil properties, overburden pressure. 3) It then applies the formulas to calculate the vertical load capacity of a specific pile as 171.4 tons. 4) For horizontal capacity, it defines parameters like pile diameter, concrete strength, and calculates the equivalent cantilever length and deflection under load.

Uploaded by

vishnumani3011
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Vertical Load Carrying Capacity

As per IS : 2911 Part I / Sec 2 - 1979 (Appendix B) & IS :14593-1998

Axial Capacity of Piles in Soil - Static Formula

Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity (Qu) of a Pile is given by :


Qu = Ru + Rf
Where, Ru = Ultimate Base Resistance
Rf = Ultimate Shaft Resistance

The Ultimate Base Resistance of Pile is as follows:


Ru = Ap Nc Cp + Ap ( 0.5 D γ Nγ + Pd Nq )

The Ultimate Side Resistance of Pile due to friction is as follows:


n
Rf = α C' As+ Σ K Pdi tan δ Asi
i=1

Where; Ap = cross sectional area of pile toe


Nc = bearing capacity factor usually taken as " 9 "
Cp = average cohesion at pile tip
α = reduction factor
C' = average cohesion throughout the length of the pile
As = surface area of pile shaft
Ap = cross sectional area of pile toe
D = Diameter of pile
γ = effective unit weight of soil at pile toe
Pd = effective overburden pressure at pile toe
Nγ & Nq = bearing capacity factors depending upon the angle of internal friction "ϕ" at toe.
K = coefficient of Earth pressure
Pdi = effective overburden pressure for the " ith " layer where "i" varies from "1" to "n".
d = angle of wall friction between pile and soil, in degrees (may be taken equal to f).
Asi = surface area of pile stem in the " ith " layer where "i" varies from "1" to "n".
qc = uniaxial compressive strength of rock at toe, in T/m2 = 342 T/m2
[ According to Ref.book of Tomlinson,
Cu = Shear strength of rock below tip = 0.1 x qc
Table 7.5]
Ap = area of pile toe
ls = socket length into the rock, in m (Mimimum 3D or 4D for weathered rock) = 7.5
Cs = avg. shear strength of rock adjacent to the shaft in the soketed length in T/m2
d = 0.9 (Reccommended value as per IS 14593-1998)

Presented below is in tabular form the various soil parameters as encountered through the Bore hole

Bulk
Depth from Avg. SPT
Depth Density c ϕ
Layer Bed Value γb
N
BH-25 (m) (m) t / m3 kg / cm2 (degrees)
(Silo-1, 1 7.50 7.50 12 1.767 0.27 8
New) 2 5.00 12.50 16 1.824 0.34 3
3 13.00 25.50 Coal Strata (Weathered Rock)
4 3.00 28.50 Mudstone (Weathered Rock)
5 4.50 33.00 Sandstone (Weathered Rock)
Design Parameters
Pile Diameter = 0.900 m
K = 1.2
Cut off length = 2.00 m
Pile Length = 31.00 m

Calculated below is the Avg. Overburden pressure at different layers.

Depth of
Submerged Cumulative Avg.
Depth Strata Overburden
Density Overburden Overburden
from Bed Layer considering Pressure
γsub Pressure Pressure
cut off
3 2 3 3
(m) (m) t/m t/m t/m t/m
7.50 1 5.50 0.767 4.219 4.219 2.11
12.50 2 5.00 0.824 4.120 8.339 6.28
No. of Soil Layers Considered 2
25.50 3 13.00
28.50 4 3.00
33.00 5 2.50
No. of Rock Layers Considered 3
Q safe due friction for Soil

Depth Asi a Qu Qsafe


Factor of
Layer 2
α C' As K PDi tanδ Asi
(m) (m ) T Safety T
Layer 1 5.50 15.55 0.4 16.790 5.532
42.324 2.500 16.930
Layer 2 5.00 14.14 0.3 14.420 5.582

Where Bearing Capacity of pile in Rock Area of pile toe = 0.6361725


For Weathered Rock m2
cuNcAP+dcspDls

= 926.78 T

F.S. in rock = 6
Qsafe, rock = 154.463 t

Total Qsafe = 16.93 + 154.47


= 171.39 t
say 171.40 t

Hence, the vertical Load carrying capacity of the pile is taken as 171.4 ton in the design
Horizontal Load Carrying Capacity
As per IS : 2911 Part I / Sec 2 - 1979 (Appendix C)

1. Pile Diameter = 0.900 m


( Min grade M-25 as per
2. Concrete design mix strength = 25 Mpa Revised 2911 Part-1 (Sec-
2)-2010
3. Modulus of elasticity of Concrete ( Ec ) = 5000 x sqrt ( 25 )
= 250000.0 kg / cm2
4. Moment of Inertia ( I ) = P d4 / 64
4
= 0.03221 m
= 3220623.3 cm4
5. Embeded Length of Pile ( Le ) = 31.00 m ≥ 4R
18.57 m
The depth of fixity is determined from the codal provisions and the graph given there.

2
From Table we get K2 = 17.328 kg/cm

R = 464.28 cm
= 4.643 m

Hence; L1 /R = 0 / 4.643
= 0.00
Therefore from the graph we read the corresponding value of " Lf / R ".

Lf / R = 2.18 for pile in clay


Hence;
Equivalent Cantilever Length Lf = 2.18 x 4.643
= 10.12 m

The pile head deflection is calculated by " Y "

Free Head Piles


3
Y = Q ( L1 + Lf )
In our case the piles are
3EI
considered to be Fixed
Fixed Head Piles
Head piles
Y = Q ( L1 + Lf ) 3
12 E I

[As per IS 2911, Part-IV, Cl:7.4(b), Permissble


Considering an allowable deflection, Y= 0.5 cm (say)
deflection for safe load is 5mm]

Lateral Load at Pile top; Q = 12 EI Y


( L1 + Lf ) 3

= 4659.22 kg
= 4.66 t

Hence, the horizontal Load carrying capacity of the pile is taken as 4.66 ton for the design

The fixed end Moment, MF = Q(L1+Lf) For fixed head pile


2
= 23.58 t-m

Reduction factor, m = 0.81

Actual Maximum Moment, M = m(MF)


= 19.1 t-m

Hence, the horizontal maximum moment of the pile is taken as 19.1 ton-m for the design

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