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Hybrid Model

The document discusses transistor amplifiers as two-port networks and hybrid parameters. It defines the four hybrid parameters h11, h12, h21, and h22 which describe the input impedance, output admittance, reverse voltage transfer ratio, and forward current gain of a transistor. The hybrid parameters have different dimensions and describe the transistor's behavior under open or short circuit conditions at the input and output ports. Notations are introduced for the key hybrid parameters in transistor circuit analysis. Diagrams illustrate the two-port network model and common emitter configuration using the hybrid parameters.

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87 views

Hybrid Model

The document discusses transistor amplifiers as two-port networks and hybrid parameters. It defines the four hybrid parameters h11, h12, h21, and h22 which describe the input impedance, output admittance, reverse voltage transfer ratio, and forward current gain of a transistor. The hybrid parameters have different dimensions and describe the transistor's behavior under open or short circuit conditions at the input and output ports. Notations are introduced for the key hybrid parameters in transistor circuit analysis. Diagrams illustrate the two-port network model and common emitter configuration using the hybrid parameters.

Uploaded by

anjul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 3: Transistor at low frequency

(Part 1)
Two port devices and the
two port parameters
● Of these four variables V1, V2, i1 and i2, two can be
selected as independent variables and the
remaining two can be expressed in terms of these
Input Output independent variables.
port port
● This leads to various two part parameters out of
which the following three are more important.

1. Z – Parameters (or) Impedance parameters.


2. Y – Parameters (or) Admittance parameters.
3. H – Parameters (or) Hybrid parameters.

✔ A transistor amplifier can be considered as a 2


port network.
✔ The hybrid parameters are generally used to
determine amplifier characteristic parameters such
as voltage gain, input and output resistances etc.
Hybrid Parameters or h-parameters

If the input current i1 and output Voltage V2 are taken as independent variables, the input
voltage V1 and output current i2 can be written as

V1 = h11 i1 + h12 V2
i2 = h21 i1 + h22 V2

The four hybrid parameters h11, h12, h21 and h22 are defined as follows.

h11 = [V1 / i1] with V2 = 0 :- Input Impedance with output short circuited. h11 - Ω
h22 = [i2 / V2] with i1 = 0 :- Output admittance with input port open circuited. h22 – mho
h12 = [V1 / V2] with i1 = 0 :- reverse voltage transfer ratio with input port open circuited. h21 – dimension less
h21 = [i2 / i1] with V2 = 0 :- Forward current gain with output port short circuited. h21- dimensionless

The dimensions of h – parameters are not alike, (i.e) they are hybrid in nature, and these
parameters are called as hybrid parameters.
Notations used in transistor circuits:-
➢ I = 11 = input
➢ o = 22 = output ;
➢ f = 21 = forward transfer
➢ r = 12 = Reverse transfer

● hie = h11e = Short circuit input impedance


● hoe = h22e = Open circuit output admittance
● hre = h12e = Open circuit reverse voltage transfer ratio
● hfe = h21e = Short circuit forward current Gain.
Two port network for the h-parameter model

h12V2
Eg: Common Emitter Configuration
2
Hybrid Model and Equations for the transistor in
three different configurations are are given below.

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