UNIT 1 – A time to remember

1. Conversation – Where did you learn to skate?

 Listen, repeat and practice

Tom : Oh, I’m really sorry. Are you ok?

Lia : I’m fine. But I’m not very good at this.
Tom : Neither am I……. Hey, I like your shirt. Are you from Argentina?
Lia : Yes, I am, originally. I was born there.
Tom : Did you grow up there?
Lia : Yes, I did, but my family moved here ten years ago, when I was in middle school.
Tom : And where did you learn to skate?
Lia : Here in the park. This is only my third time.
Tom : Well, it’s my first time. Can you give me some lessons?
Lia : Sure. Just follow me.
Tom : By the way, my name is Ted.
Lia : And I’m Lia. Nice to meet you.

2. Grammar Focus

PAST TENSE
Where were you born? When did you move to Los Angeles?
I was born in Argentina I moved here ten years ago. I didn’t speak English.
Were you born in Buenos Aires? Did you take English classes in Argentina?
Yes, I was. Yes, I did. I took classes for a year
No, I wasn’t. I was born in Canada No, I didn’t. My uncle taught me at home.

A. Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner.

1. A: Could you tell me a little about yourself? Where ………………………… you born?
B: I ………………………… born in South Korea.
A: ………………………………..you grow up there?
B: No, I …………………… . I ………………………….. up in Jakarta.
2. A: When ………………………… you begin to study English?
B: I……………………in middle school.
A: What…………………………..you think of English class at first?
B: I………………….. it was a little difficult, but fun.

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3. A: …………………………….you have a favorite teacher when you ……………………. a child?
B: Yes, I ………….. . I ………………………..an excellent teacher named Miss Ginger.
A: What ……………………….she teach?
B: She ……………………… science.

3. Speaking – Tell me about yourself.

A. PAIR WORK – Check () six questions below. Then interview a classmate you don’t
know very well. Ask follow-up questions.

 Where did you go to elementary  What other languages can you speak?
school? Do you have a big family?
 Were you a good student in Did you enjoy your childhood?
elementary school? Did you have a pet?
What were your best subjects?  Who was your hero when you were a
What subjects didn’t you like? child?
When did you first study English?

A: What were your best subjects in elementary school?

B: My best subjects were science and math
Useful Expressions
A: Really? Me, too! Did you get good grades in English? Oh, that’s interesting.
Really? Me, too!
Wow! Tell me more

4. Word Power
Complete the word map. Add two more words of your own to each category. Then
compare with a partner.
Pets Hobbies
Beach
Cat
Collect comic books
Crayons
Fish
Play soccer Childhood Memories
Play video games
Playground
Rabbit
Scrapbook
Summer camp
Toys Places Possessions

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 5. Perspectives – How have you changed?
Listen to these statements about changes. Check () those that are true about
you.

 1. “When I was a kid, I used to be very messy, but now I’m very neat.”
 2. “I didn’t use to collect anything, but now I do.”
 3. “I never used to play sports, but now I like to keep fit.”
 4. “I never used to worry about money, but I do now.”
5. “I used to have a lot of hobbies, but now I don’t have any free time.”
6. “I didn’t use to follow politics, but now I check headlines online every day.”
7. “When I was younger, I used to care a lot about my appearance. Now, I’m too busy to
care how I look.”

6. Grammar Focus
Used to
Used to refers something that you regularly did in the past but don’t do anymore
Did you use to collect things? What sports did you use to play?
Yes, I used to collect comic books. I used to play baseball and volleyball.
No, I didn’t use to collect anything, but I never used to play sports, but now I
now I collect art. play tennis.

A. Complete these questions and answers. Then compare with a partner.

1. A: ……………… you ………………. collect comic books when you were little?
B: No, I …………………… collect comic books.
2. A: …………………. you and your friends ……………………………… play at the playground as
kids?
B: Yes, we ……………………………… spend hours there in the weekends.
3. A: What video games ………………….. you ……………………play?
B: I………………………….play video games. But now I play them all the time!
4. A: What music ………………..you…………………..listen to?
B: I………………………….listen to pop music a lot, but now I prefer rock.

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 7. Reading
Scan the article. Where was Drew Barrymore born? When did she start working?
When did she win the Golden Globe Award?

DREW BARRYMORE – Actor, Producer, Director

Drew Barrymore was born in Los Angeles, California, in

1975. She comes from a long line of actors. In fact, her
grandfather, John Barrymore, was one of the most
famous actors in the United States in the 1920s.

Drew Barrymore began her career very early. Before

her first birthday, she appeared in a TV commercial for
dog food. At the age of two, she acted in her first TV
movie. At age of five, she appeared in her first feature film, the sci-fi thriller Altered States.

Barrymore’s big break came two years later, at age seven. Director Steven Spielberg
decided to cast her in his film E.T.: Extra-Terrestrial. Hollywood took a notice and Drew
became a star.

As a young adult, Barrymore acted in several dramas and romantic comedies; however, she
wanted to make her own films. In 1995, she started her own production company, Flower
Films. Four years later, she produced her first film, Never Been Kissed. Over the years, her
company has made a lot of famous movies and TV programs, including Fever Pitch in 2005
and the new Charlie’s Angels TV series in 2011.

In 2007, Barrymore’s career took a new turn. She began working for the United Nation
World Food Programme. Later, she donated $1 million to the program. Then, after a
terrible earthquake in Haiti in 2010, she urged people to give money to the program in a
YouTube video.

Meanwhile, Barrymore’s work on movies continued. In 2009, she became a director with
the film Whip It. In the same year, she won the Golden Globe Award as an actress for her
role in Grey Gardens.

Drew Barrymore wears many different hats and works very long hours. What does she do
in her free time? She spends time with the people she cares about. She says, “ I don’t know
what I’d do without my friends.”

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 A. Read the article. Find the words in italics below in the article. Then circle the
meaning of each word or phrase.
1. When you get a big break, you experience a sudden advance / accident.
2. To cast an actor means to hire / fire the actor.
3. A production company trains young actors / makes films.
4. If you urged someone to do something, you encouraged / discouraged him or her.
5. When an actor plays a role in a film, he or she wins an award / acts as another
person.
6. When someone wears many different hats, she or he does a lot of different jobs /
wins a lot of different awards.

B. Number these sentences about Drew Barrymore from 1 (first event) to 10

(last event)

………. A. She became a film director. ………. F. She started working for the United Nations.
………. B. She became a film producer. ………. G. She got her first rile in a feature film.
………. C. She gave away $1 million. ………. H. She produced the movie Fever Pitch.
………. D. She was in a TV commercial ………. I. She became very famous as a child actor.
….1…. E. She was born in California ………. J. She started her own production company

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UNIT 2 – Caught in the rush
1. Word Power – Compound nouns
Match the words in columns A and B to make compound nouns. (More than one
combination may be possible)

Subway + Station = Subway station

A B

Bicycle Garage
Bus Jam
News Lane
Parking Light
a taxi stand a bicycle lane
Street Space
Subway Stand
Taxi Station
Traffic Stop
Train System

2. Grammar Focus
Expression of Quantity

With Countable Nouns With Uncountable Nouns

There are too many cars There is too much traffic
There should be fewer cars There should be less pollution
We need more subway lines We need more public transportation
There aren’t enough buses There isn’t enough parking

A. Complete these statements about transportation problems. Then compare

with a partner. (More than one answer may be possible)

1. There are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . police officers.

2. There should be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cars in the city.
3. There is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . public transportation.
4. The government needs to build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . highways.
5. There should be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . noise.

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 6. The city needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . public parking garages.
7. There is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . air pollution in the city.
8. There are . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cars parked on the street.

3. Conversation – Could you tell me?

 Listen, repeat and practice

Eric : Excuse me. Could you tell me the nearest ATM is?
Clerk : There’s one upstairs, across from the duty-free shop.
Eric : Great. And do you know where I can catch a bus to the city?
Clerk : Sure. Just follow the signs for “Transportation.”
Eric : OK. And can you tell me how often they run?
Clerk : They run every 20 minutes or so.
Eric : And just one more thing. Do you know where the restrooms are?
Clerk : Right behind you. Do you see where that sign is?
Eric : Oh. Thanks a lot.

4. Grammar Focus
Indirect questions from WH-questions

Wh-questions with be Indirect questions

Where is the nearest ATM? Could you tell me where the nearest ATM is?
Where are the restrooms? Do you know where the restrooms are?

Wh-questions with do Indirect questions

How often do the buses run? Can you tell me how often the buses run?
What time does the bookstore open? Do you know what time the bookstore opens?

Wh-questions with can Indirect questions

Where can I catch the bus? Do you know where I can catch a bus?

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 A. Write indirect questions using these WH-questions. Then compare with a
partner.
1. How much does the bus cost? 5. Where can I get a quick meal?
2. Where’s the nearest Internet café? 6. How late do the nightclubs stay open?
3. What time do the banks open? 7. How early do the trains run?
4. How late do the buses run? 8. Where’s an inexpensive hotel in this
area?

5. Reading
Look at the picture and skim the article. Then write the name of the invention below each
picture.

New Ways of Getting Around

Here are some of the best new inventions for getting around.

If you love to take risks when you travel, this is for you: the Wheelman. The design is simple: two
wheels and a motor. You put your feet in the wheels. It’s very similar to skateboarding or surfing.
You use your weight to steer, and you control the speed with a ball you hold in your hand.

Why use two wheels when you can use three? The Trike Scooter looks a little silly, but it’s serious
transportation. The three wheels make it very stable. And because it's made of aluminum, it’s very
light. It moves by turning back and forth – just like skiing on the street.

Do you want an eco-friendly family car? If so, check out the Leaf. It’s all–electric and gives off zero
CO2 emissions. It has an 80 kW motor and can travel up to 140 kph! You can recharge the battery
up to 80 percent of capacity in just 30 minutes and recharge it fully overnight.

To get around town in style and park easily, there’s nothing better than the Twizy Z.E. It has four
wheels, but it’s only 2.3 meters long and 1.3 meters wide the passenger sits behind the driver. It has
a zero –emissions 15 kW electric motor that can reach a maximum speed of 75 kph.

A. Read the article. Where do you think it is from? Check () the correct answer.
 an instruction manual  a catalog
 a news magazine  an encyclopedia

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B. Answer these questions
1. Which inventions have motors? ……………………………………………………….
2. Where do you put your feet in the Wheelman? ................................................
3. How do you steer the Wheelman? ……………………………………………………
4. What is the Trikke Scooter made of? ………………………………………………..
5. How does the Trikke Scooter move? ..................................................................
6. How long does it take to fully recharge the Leaf? …………………………….
7. How long is the Twizy Z.E? …………………………………………………………….
8. Where does the passenger sit in the Twizy Z.E? ……………………………...

6. Speaking
Complete the chart with indirect questions.

1. Where’s the nearest bus stop?

“……………………………………………………………………….?”
2. What’s the best way to see the city?
“……………………………………………………………………….?”
3. Where can I rent s bicycle?
“……………………………………………………………………….?”
4. How much does a city tour cost?
“……………………………………………………………………….?”
5. Where can I get a student discount on a meal?
“……………………………………………………………………….?”
6. What time do the museums open?
“……………………………………………………………………….?”
7. Where can I hear live music?
“………………………………………………………………………..?”

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 Unit 3 – Time for a change!
1. Word Power – Houses and apartments
These words are used to described houses and apartments. Which are positive (P)?
Which are negative (N)?

Bright ………P……… Dingy …………………. Private …………………..

Comfortable ……………….. Expensive …………………. Quiet ………………….
Convenient ……………….. Huge …………………. Safe ………………….
Cramped ……………….. Inconvenient …………………. Shabby ………………….
Dangerous ……………….. Modern …………………. Small ………………….
Dark ……………….. Noisy …………………. Spacious ………………….

2. Grammar Focus

Evaluations and comparisons

Evaluations with adjectives Evaluations with nouns

Apartments aren’t big enough for families Apartments don’t have enough parking spaces
Apartments are too small for pets Houses cost too much money

Comparisons with adjectives Comparisons with nouns

Houses aren’t as convenient as apartments Apartments have just as many room as houses
Houses are just as convenient as apartments Apartments don’t have as much privacy as houses

A. Imagine you are looking for a house or an apartment to rent. Read the two ads.
Then rewrite the opinions below using the words in parentheses. Compare
with a partner.
Smaller, older apartment
2 bedrooms, 1 bathroom;
Downtown, near subway;
1 parking space;
Spacious, modern house $900 per month
3 bedrooms, 1 bathroom;
Very private; in quiet
Suburb; 2-car garage
$1500 per month.

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1. There are only a few windows. (not enough) 5. It’s not spacious enough. (too)
2. It’s not bright enough. (too) 6. It’s too old. (not enough)
3. It has only one bathroom. (not enough) 7. It isn’t safe enough. (too)
4. It’s not convenient enough. (too) 8. There’s only one parking space.
(not enough)
There aren’t enough windows.

5. Conversation – Making changes

 Listen, repeat and practice

Brian : So, are you still living with your parents, Terry?
Terry : I’m afraid so. I wish I had my own apartment.
Brian : Why? don’t you like living at home?
Terry : It’s OK, but my parents are always asking me to be at home before midnight.
I wish they’d stop worrying about me.
Brian : Yeah, parents are like that!
Terry : And they expect me to help around the house. I hate housework. I wish life
weren’t so difficult.
Brian : So, why don’t you move out?
Terry : Hey, I wish I could, but where else can I get free room and board?

6. Grammar Focus
Wish

Use wish + past tense to refer to present wishes

I live with my parents Life is difficult
I wish I didn’t live with my parents I wish it were* easier
I wish I had my own apartment I wish it weren’t so difficult

I can’t move out My parents won’t stop worrying about me

I wish I could move out I wish they would stop worrying about me
*For the verb be, were is used with all pronouns after wish

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 A. Read these facts about people’s lives. Then rewrite the sentences using wish.
(More than one answer is possible)

1. Diane can’t wear contact lenses. She wishes she could wear contact lenses.
2. Beth’s class is so boring. She wishes her class weren’t so boring.
3. My parents can’t afford new car. ……………………………………………………………
4. Dan can’t fit into his old jeans. ……………………………………………………………
5. I can’t remember my PIN number. …………………………………………………………...
6. Laura doesn’t have any free time. ……………………………………………………………
7. Mitch is too short to play basketball. …………………………………………………………...

7. Reading
Skim the article. What three bad habits does the article mention?

Break those bad habits

Some people leave work until the last minute, a lot of us like to spread or listen to gossip,
and others always arrive at events late. These aren’t as serious as some problems, but they
are bad habits that can cause trouble. Habits like this waste your time and, in some cases,
might even affect your relationships. Do you wish you could break your bad habits? Read
this advice to end these habits forever!

There’s Always Tomorrow

1. PROBLEM: Do you leave projects until the very last minute and then stay up all night
to finish them?
2. SOLUTION: People often put things off because they seem overwhelming. Try to
divide the project into smaller steps. After you finish each task, reward yourself with
a snack or a call to a friend.

Guess What I Just Heard

3. PROBLEM: Do you think it’s not nice to talk about other people, but do it anyway? Do
you feel bad after you’ve done it?
4. SOLUTION: First, never listen to gossip, If someone tries to tell you a secret, just say,
“Sorry. I’m really not interested.” Then think of some other news to offer – about
yourself.

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 Never on Time
5. PROBLEM: Are you always late? Do your friends invite you to events a half hour
early?
6. SOLUTION: Use the reminder function in your phone. For example, if a movie starts
at 8:00 and it takes you 20 minutes to get to the theater, you have to leave by 7:40.
Put the event in your phone calendar, and then set it to send you a reminder at 7:30.

A. Read the article. Then check () the best description of the article.
 1. The article starts with a description and then gives advice.
 2. The article starts with a description and then gives facts.
 3. The article gives the writer’s opinion.
B. Where do these sentences belong? Write the numbers of the paragraph where
each sentence could go.

……………. a. You can also ask a friend to come to your home before the event.
……………. b. Ask yourself: “How would I feel if someone told my secrets?”
……………. c. Do you ever make up excuses to explain your unfinished work?
……………. d. Are you ever so late that the people you’re meeting decide to leave?
……………. e. You can also ask a friend to call you to ask about your progress
……………. f. Are people afraid to tell you things about themselves?

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Unit 4 – I’ve never heard of that!
1. Conversation – Have you ever?
 Listen, repeat and practice

Steve : Hey, this sounds strange – snails with garlic. Have you ever eaten snails?
Kathy : Yes, I have. I had them here just last week.
Steve : Did you like them?
Kathy : Yes, I did. They were delicious! Why don’t you try some?
Steve : No, I don’t think so.
Server : Have you decided on an appetizer yet?
Kathy : Yes. I’ll have a small order of the snails, please.
Server : And you, sir?
Steve : I think I’ll have the fried brains.
Kathy : Fried brains? I’ve never heard of that! It sounds scary.

2. Grammar Focus
Simple Past vs Present Perfect
Use the simple past for experiences at a definite time in the past
Use the present perfect for experiences within a time period up to the present

Have you ever eaten snails? Have you ever been to a Vietnamese restaurant?
Yes, I have. I tried them last month No, I haven’t. But I ate at Thai restaurant last night

Did you like them? Did you go alone?

Yes, I did. They were delicious No, I went with some friends

A. Complete these conversations. Then practice with a partner.

1. A: Have you ever ……………….. (be) to a picnic at the beach?
B: Yes, I ………. . My family and I ……………. (have) a picnic on the beach last month.
We ……………… (cook) hamburgers.
2. A: Have you ever …………………………. (try) sushi?
B: No, I ………. , but I’d like to.
3. A: Did you ……………..……. (have) breakfast today?

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 B: Yes, I ………. . I …………..……. (eat) a huge breakfast.
4. A: Have your ever ………. (eat) Mexican food?
B: Yes, I ………. . In fact, I ………. (eat) some just last week.
5. A: Did you ……………….…. (drink) coffee this morning?
B: Yes, I ………. . I ………. (have) some on my way to work.

3. Speaking – Tell me more!

PAIR WORK - Ask your partner these question and four more of your own. Then
ask follow-up questions.

Have you ever drunk fresh coconut juice?

Have you ever been to a vegetarian restaurant?
Have you ever had an unusual ice-cream flavor?
Have you ever eaten something you didn’t like?

A: Have you ever drunk frsh cocnut juice?

B: Yes, I have.
A: Did you like it?
B: Yes, I did. Actually, I ordered a second one!

4. Word Power – Cooking Methods

How do you cook the food below? Check () the methods that are most common in
your country. Then compare with a partner.

Bake Boil Fry Grill Roast Steam

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Methods Foods
Fish Shrimp Eggs Chicken Beef Potatoes Onions Eggplant Bananas
Bake         
Boil         
Fry         
Grill         
Roast         
Steam         

5. Grammar Focus

Sequence Adverbs
First, mix the peanut butter and banana together.
Then toast the slices of bread.
Next, spread the mixture on the toast.
After that, put the sandwich in a pan with butter.
Finally, fry the sandwich until it’s brown on both sides.

A. Here’s a recipe for grilled kebabs. Look at the pictures and number the steps
from 1 to 5. Then add a sequence adverb to each step.
 ……………….. put the meat and vegetables on the skewers.
 ……………….. put charcoal in the grill and light it.
 ……………….. take the kebabs off the grill and enjoy!
 ……………….. put the kebabs of the grill and cook for 10 to 15 minutes, turning
them over from time to time.
 ……………….. cut up some meat and vegetables. Marinate them for 20 minutes in
your favorite sauce.

6. Speaking – My favorite snack

GROUP WORK – Discuss these questions.

What’s your favorite snack? When do you eat it?

Is it easy to make? How often do you eat it?
What’s in it? How healthy is it?

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 “My favorite snack is ramen. It’s very easy to make. First, . . .”

7. Reading
Skim the article. Then check () the main idea.
 Certain foods cause stress and depression.
 Certain foods affect the way we feel.

FOOD & MOOD

We often eat to calm down or cheer up when we’re feeling stressed or depressed. Now new
research suggest there’s a reason: Food changes our brain chemistry. These changes
powerfully influence our moods. But can certain foods really make us feel better? Nutrition
experts say yes. But what should we avoid? Here are the foods that work the best, as well as
those that can make a bad day worse.

To Outsmart Stress
What’s good? Recent research suggest that foods that are high in carbohydrates, such as
bread, rice, and pasta, can help you calm down. Researchers say that carbohydrates cause
the brains to release a chemical called serotonin. Serotonin makes you feel better.
What’s bad? Many people drink coffe when they feel stress. The warmth is soothing, and
the caffeine in coffee might help you think more clearly. But if you drink too much, you may
become even more anxious and irritable.

To Soothe Blues
What’s good? Introduce more lean meat, chicken, seafood, and whole grains into your diet.
These foods have a lot of selenium. Selenium is a mineral that helps people feel more
relaxed and happy. You can also try eating a Brazil nut every day. One Brazil nut contains a
lot of selenium.
What’s bad? When they’re feeling low, many people turn to comfort foods – or foods that
make them feel happy or secure. These often include things like sweet desserts. A chocolate
bar may make you feel better at first, but within an hour you may feel worse than you did
before.

A. Read the article. The sentences below are false. Correct each sentence to make
it true.
1. We often eat when we feel calm.
2. You should drink coffee to relieve stress.
3. Foods like chicken and seafood are high in carbohydrates.
4. Carbohydrates cause the brain to release selenium.

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5. Serotonin makes you feel more anxious and irritable.
6. People usually eat comfort foods when they’re feeling happy.
7. Brazil nuts don’t contain much selenium.
8. Chocolate will make you feel better.

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Unit 5 – Going places
1. Conversation – What are you going to do?
 Listen, repeat and practice

Julia : I’m so excited! We have two weeks off! What are you going to do?
Nancy : I’m not sure. I guess I’ll just stay home. Maybe I’ll hang out with my
friends and watch some movies. What about you? Any plans?
Julia : Yeah, I’m going to relax at the beach with my cousin likes to fish, so
maybe we’ll go fishing one day.
Nancy : Sounds like fun.
Julia : Say, why don’t you come with us?
Nancy : Do you mean it? I’d love to! I’ll bring my surfboard!
Julia : That’s great! The more the merrier!

2. Grammar Focus

Future with be going to and will

Use be going to + verb for plans Use will + verb for possible
you’ve decided on plans before you’ve made a
decision
What are you going to do? What are you going to do?
I’m going to relax at the beach. I’m not sure. I guess I’ll just stay home.
We’re going to go surfing every day. Maybe I’ll watch some movies.
I’m not going to do anything special. I don’t know. I think I’ll go camping.
I probably won’t go anywhere

A. Complete the conversation with appropriate forms of be going to

or will. Then compare with a partner.

A: Have you made any vacation plans?

B: Well, I’ve decided on one thing –
I ……………….. go camping.

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 A: That’s great! For how long?
B: I ……………….. be away for a week.
I only have five days of vacation.
A: So, when are you leaving?
B: I’m not sure. I ……………….. probably leave
around the end of May.
A: And where ………. You ……………….. go?
B: I haven’t thought about that yet. I guess
I ……………….. go to one of the national parks.
A: That sounds like fun.
B: Yeah. Maybe I ……………….. go.
Hiking and do some fishing.
A: ………. You ……………….. rent a camper?
B: I’m not sure. Actually, I probably ………………..
Rent a camper-it’s too expensive.
A: ………. you ……………….. go with anyone?
B: No. I need some time alone.
I ……………….. travel by myself.

3. Word Power – Travel Planning

Complete the chart. Then add one more word to each category.

ATM Card Cash Hiking boots Plane ticket Suitcase

Backpack Credit card Medication Sandals Swimsuit
Carry-on bag First-aid kit Passport Student ID Vaccination

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 Clothing Money Health Documents Luggage

………………….. ………………….. ………………….. ………………….. …………………..

…………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….

……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..

…………………. ………………… ………………… ………………….. …………………

4. Grammar Focus

Describing necessity Giving suggestions

You must have a driver’s license You’d better avoid the stalls on the street
You need to be 21 or over You ought to pack a first-aid kit
You have to get a passport You should try some local specialties
You don’t have to get vaccinations You shouldn’t carry a lot of cash

A. Choose the best advice for someone who is going on vacation. Then compare
with a partner.

1. You ……………….. make hotel reservations in advance. It might be difficult to find a

room after you get there. (have to/’d better)
2. You ……………….. carry identification with you. It’s the law! (must/should)
3. You ……………….. buy a round-trip plane ticket because it’s cheaper. (must/should)
4. You ……………….. pack too many clothes. You won’t have room to bring back any gifts.
(don’t have to/shouldn’t)
5. You ……………….. check out of most hotel rooms by noon if you don’t want to pay for
another night. (need to/ought to)
6. You ……………….. buy a new suitcase because your old one is getting shabby. (have
to/ought to)

21
 5. Reading
Check the statements you think are true. Then scan the article to check your
answers.
 Volunteer travelers don’t receive money for their work.
 Volunteer travel is only for young people.

Volunteer Travel – A vacation with a difference

For her vacation each year, Allie Lebrun goes volunteer travelimg. In a recent interview
with Volunteer Magazine, she talked about volunteer vacations.

VM: …………………………………………………………………
AL: It’s like an exchange program. People find a program in a country they’d like to visit. In
exchange for food and accommodations, they work. In other words, they don’t get a
salary. The idea is that volunteers can learn about real people in other countries.
Vacationers who stay in hotels often don’t learn much about the local people and
culture.

VM: …………………………………………………………………
AL: Many of the jobs are on small farms. Farmers often need volunteers to harvest crops.
I’ve harvested vegetables and fruit – including nuts and olives! Some volunteers work
with animals, such as milking cows or goats. That’s an interesting experience, I can tell
you! And sometimes farmers want volunteers to do things like build stone walls. There
are lots of possibilities.

VM: ………………………………………………………………...
AL: Anyone! Many volunteers are fairly young. The work can be hard, so a volunteer needs
to be fit. But, actually, age isn’t important. I’ve worked with people in their seventies
and even eighties!

VM: ………………………………………………………………….
AL: Just about anywhere in the world! I’ve volunteered in Italy, Morocco, Indonesia, and
several countries in Latin America.

VM: …………………………………………………………………
AL: Oh, that’s easy! Just go online. Do a search for “volunteer travel” or “volunteer
vacations.” You’ll find lots of websites with information about opportunities for
volunteering. Maybe there’s a program in a country you’ve always wanted to visit.

22
A. Read the article. Then write these questions in the appropriate place.

1. What kinds of work can volunteers do?

2. And finally, how can someone find out about volunteer travel opportunities?
3. Where can people volunteer to work?
4. Who can volunteer?
5. What is volunteer traveling?

B. Complete the summary with information from the article.

Allie Lebrun goes ………………………………………………. every year. She says that volunteers get
and ……………………………………… in exchange for …………………………………. Volunteers often
work on …………………………………. and harvest ………………………………. . To volunteer, you have
to be fit, but age ……………………………………………….. . You can work ……………………………. In the
world. To find places to work, ……………………………………. . There are ………………………………..
with information about volunteer traveling.

23
Unit 6 – Ok. No problem!
1. Conversation – Turn down the TV!
 Listen, repeat and practice

Mr. Field : Jason . . . Jason! Turn down the TV please.

Jason : Oh, but this is my favorite program!
Mr. Field : I know. But it’s very loud.
Jason : OK. I’ll turn it down.
Mr. Field : That’s better. Thanks.
Mrs. Field : Lisa, please pick up your things. They’re all over the floor.
Lisa : In a minute, Mom. I’m on the phone.
Mrs. Field : All right. But do it as soon as you hang up.
Lisa : OK. No problem!
Mrs. Field : Were we like this when we were kids?
Mr. Field : Definitely!

2. Grammar Focus
Two-part verbs ; will for responding to requests
With nouns With Pronouns Request and responses

Turn down the TV Turn it down Please turn down the music.
Turn the TV down (NOT: Turn down it.) OK. I’ll turn it down.
Pick up your things Pick them up Pick up your clothes, please.
Pick your things up (NOT: Pick up them.) All right. I’ll pick them up.

24
 A. Complete the requests with these words. Then compare with a partner.

1. Pick up ………………. , please. 6. Please take off ……………….. .

2. Turn ……………….. off, please. 7. Hang ……………….. up, please.
3. Clean ……………….. off, please. 8. Please take out ……………….. .
4. Please put ……………….. up, please. 9. Please let ……………….. out.
5. Please turn down ……………….. . 10. Turn on ……………….. , please.

3. Word Power – Household chores

Find a phrase that is usually paired with each two-part verb. (Some phrases go with
more than one verb). Then add one more phrase for each verb.

the garbage the magazines the microwave your coat

the groceries the mess the towels your laptop

Clean up ……………… ……………… Take out ……………… ………………

Hang up ……………… ……………… Throw out ……………… ………………

Pick up ……………... ……………... Turn off ……………... ……………...

Put away ……………… ……………… Turn on ……………… ………………

25
 4. Grammar Focus

Request with modals and would you mind?

Modal + simple form of verb Would you mind . . . + gerund

Can you turn the music down? Would you mind turning the music down?
Could you close the door, please? Would you mind closing the door, please?
Would you please take your garbage out? Would you mind not putting your garbage here?

A. Match the requests in column A with the appropriate responses in column B.

Then compare with a partner and practice them. (More than one answer may
be possible)
A B
1. Could you lend me twenty dollars? .................... a. Sorry, we didn’t know we were so loud
2. Can you make me a sandwich? .................... b. Sure. Do you want anything to drink?
3. Can you help me with my homework? .................... c. Sorry, I didn’t realize this seat was taken
4. Would you mind not sitting here? .................... d. I’m sorry, I can’t. I don’t have any cash.
5. Would you please turn down the TV? .................... e. I’m really sorry, but I’m busy
6. Would you mind speaking more quietly? .................... f. Sure, no problem. I’d be glad to

5. Reading
Read the headings in the article. Can you think of other good advice when asking for
a favor?

How to Ask for a Favor

We all have to ask for favors sometimes. But it can be a difficult thing to do – even
when you ask a good friend. So how can you ask a favor and be reasonably sure to
get a positive response? Here are some suggestions.

26
 Be a nice person
When you ask someone for a favor, you’re really asking the person to go out of
his or her way to help you. Show the person that you understand he or she is doing
something especially nice for you. If people think you’re pleasant, they’re more
likely to want to help you. And, of course, a smile goes a long way.

Choose your words carefully

How do people respond to requests like this one: “Hey, mike, lend me your car!”?
They probably refuse. How can you avoid this problem? Choose your words
carefully! For example, say, “Mike, would you mind doing me a favor?” Mike will
probably respond like this: “Maybe, what do you need?”. Now you have his attention
and can explain the situation. People are more likely agree to help you when they
know the whole story.

Give and Take

If someone agrees to do you a favor, allow the person to choose when he or she
helps you. Be respectful of the other person’s time, and try not to ask for too much. If
someone refuses your request, you should accept the answer politely. Don’t make a
habit of asking for favors, and always make sure you’re ready to do someone a favor
in return. Reciprocate. It’s just a matter of giving and taking.

A. Read the article. Find the words in italics below in the article. Then match each word
with its meaning.

……….. 1. Especially a. give in return

……….. 2. Pleasant b. say no
……….. 3. Sincerely c. friendly
……….. 4. Refuse d. more than usually
……….. 5. Avoid e. honestly
……….. 6. Reciprocate f. stop from happening

27
B. Check () the questions that the article answers. Then find sentences in the
article that support your answers.

 1. Why is it easy to ask for a favor?

 2. What do you do when someone refuses?

 3. How can you show people you’re nice?

 4. How can you avoid people asking for favors?

 5. Why is it not a good idea to ask for a lot of favors?

28
Unit 7 – What’s this for?
1. Snapshot

Circle the things that you use every day or almost every day.
Which invention do you think is the most important? the least important?
What are some other things you use every day?

2. Grammar Focus
Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

Infinitives Gerunds
I use my computer to send emails I use my computer for sending emails
Some people use computers to play games Some people use computers for playing games
Computers are often used to watch movies Computers are often used for watching movies

29
 A. PAIR WORK – what do you know about this technology? Complete the
sentences in column A with information from column B. Use infinitives and
gerunds. (More than one combination is possible)

A B
5. Satelites are used ……….. Study the world’s weather
6. Robots are sometimes used ……… Perform dangerous tasks
7. You can use a cell phone ………… Read e-books
8. People use the internet …………… Transmit telephone calls
9. A GPS device is used ………………. Send text messages
10. A tablet computer can be used ……… Get direction
Make travel reservations
Transmit TV shows
Shop online

Satelites are used to study the world’s weather.

Satelites are used for studying the world’s weather.

3. Word Power – The world of computers

Complete the chart with words and phrases from the list. Add one more to each
category. Then compare with a partner.

 Browse websites cut and paste geek monitor

Computer whiz drag and drop hacker mouse
Create a slideshow edit a video highlight text open a file
Create song playlist flash drive keyboard technophile

People who are Type of computer Fun things to do Things to do with a

“into” computers hardware with a computer mouse

……………………………. …………………………… Browse websites ……………………………

…………………………… …………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………

………………………….... …………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………

………………………….... …………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………

…………………………… ……………………………. ……………………………. ……………………………

30
4. Conversation – I give up!
 Listen, repeat and practice

Terry : I give up! I can’t figure this out.

Rachel : What’s wrong?
Terry : I’m trying to create a song playlist for my party on Saturday.
Rachel : I can help. It’s really easy. First, choose “New Playlist” from the menu.
Terry : Here? Oh, I see.
Rachel : Now type in the name of your playlist. Then go to your song file and choose
the ones you want.
Terry : But how do I choose the songs?
Rachel : Just drag them to the playlist. Be sure to press these keys to highlight
more than one song.
Terry : That was easy. Thanks! So are you coming on Saturday?
Rachel : Of course. But don’t forget to include my favorite songs on your playlist,
Okay?

5. Grammar Focus
Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions

Be sure to press these keys Don’t forget to include my favorite songs

Make sure to save your work Try not to be late for the party
Remember to back up your files

31
 A. Look at these suggestions. Which ones refer to (a) an alarm system? (b) a
smartphone? (c) a laptop? (More than one answer is sometimes possible.)

1. Try to keep it closed to protect the screen. ……………

2. Don’t forget to write down your secret code. ……………
3. Remember to turn it off as soon as you come in the door. ……………
4. Try not to get it wet or the leys may get stuck. ……………
5. Make sure to set it each time you leave home. …………..
6. Remember to recharge the battery before it dies. ……………
7. Be sure to turn it off before bed or a call may wake you up. ……………
8. Make sure to keep the software up to date. ……………

A B C

6. Reading
Scan the article. What is geocaching? Who enjoys it? Why?

Modern-Day Treasure Hunters

Geocaching is game played worldwide – even though it only began in 2000! Geo is from the word
geography, and caching (pronounced “cashing”) means hiding container with “treasure” inside. The
purpose of geocaching is to use GPS technology to find a hidden cache – some people call it it a high-
tech treasure-hunting game. Technophiles love it because you need technology. Hikers love it
because you may have to walk a long way. And looking for treasure is fun, so it’s also great for
children.

It isn’t difficult to become a geocacher. First, buy a small handheld GPS device. Next, search online
for a geocaching website and choose a cache to look for. Some caches are in beautiful locations, such
as river valleys, mountains, or beaches. For each cache, website list coordinates-numbers that give
an exact geographical position 9for example, 48’51.29’N,02’17.40’E is the Eiffel Tower in Paris).
Input the coordinates for your cache into your GPS device, and you’re ready to go!

32
Your GPS device will identify the exact location of your cache. That’s the easy part. The hard part
comes after you get the location-finding the cache! Some caches are hidden under stones, in trees,
or even in water. And what will you find in your cache? If you’re looking for gold or diamonds, you’ll
be very disappointed. Most caches contain inexpensive things like books, toys, coins, or DVDs.
There’s also a logbook and pencil for you to record the date you found the cache and make
comments. The real prize is the pleasure of saying, “I found it!”

Geocaching etiquette allows you to take whatever you want from the cache, but you must replace it
with something of the same or higher value. Don’t forget to bring some treasure for the next
geocacher!

A. Read the article. Check () True or False for each statement. Then correct
each false statement.

True False
  1. Geocaching is a new low-tech game. ……………………………….
  2. Geocaching is popular in many countries. ………………………..
  3. You need information from websites. ………………………………
  4. Your GPS device gives you coordinates. ……………………………
  5. Your GPS device finds cache locations for you. …………………
  6. Caches contain pencils as well as treasure. ……………………...
  7. Geocachers usually find gold. …………………………………………..
  8. Geocaching is about giving and taking. …………………………….

33
Unit 8 – Let’s celebrate
1. SNAPSHOT

Do you celebrate these or similar holidays in your country?

What other special days do you have?
What’s your favorite holiday or festival?

2. Word Power – Collocations

Which word or phrase is not usually paired with each verb? Put a line through it.
Then compare with a partner.

1. Eat candy rice cakes juice

2. Give presents relatives Candy
3. Go to decorations a wedding a party
4. Have a party a beach a meal
5. Play games money music
6. Send cards flowers a party
7. Visit relatives food friends
8. Watch a birthday a parade fireworks
9. Wear new clothes a celebration traditional clothes

34
3. Grammar Focus

Relative clauses of time

Thanksgiving is a day when we celebrate the harvest
February 14 is the day when people give cards to the ones they like
New Year’s Eve is a night when I have fun with my friends

A. How much do you know about these times? Complete the sentences in column A
with information from column B.

A B
1. New Year’s Eve is a night when …. a. North Americans celebrate Thanksgiving
2. April Fool’s Day is a day when …. b. students have a break from school
3. Summer is a time when …. c. People in many countries honor workers
4. Valentine’s Day is a day when …. d. People express their love to someone
5. Labor Day is a day when …. e. People have parties with family and friends
6. Autumn is the season when ….. f. People sometimes play tricks on friends

4. Conversation – Wedding Day

 Listen, repeat and practice

Jenna : Your wedding pictures are really beautiful, Aika

Aika : Thank you. Those pictures are from after the ceremony.
Jenna : Where was the ceremony?
Aika : At a shrine. When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have
the ceremony at a shrine.
Jenna : That’s interesting. Were there a lot of people there?
Aika : Well, usually only family members and close friends go to the
ceremony. But afterward, we had such a reception with family and
friends.
Jenna : So, what are receptions like in Japan?
Aika : There’s a big dinner, and after the meal, the guests give speeches or
sing songs.
Jenna : It sounds like fun
Aika : It really is. And then, before the guests leave, the bride and groom
give them presents.
Jenna : The guests get presents?
Aika : Yes, and the guests give money to the bride and groom

35
5. Grammar Focus
Adverbial clauses of time

When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the ceremony at a shrine
After the food is served, the guests give speeches or sing songs
Before the guests leave, the bride and groom give them presents

A. What do you know about wedding customs in North America? Complete these
sentences with the information below.

1. Before a man and woman get married, they usually ….

2. When a couple gets engaged, the man often …..
3. Right after a couple get engaged, they usually ….
4. When a woman gets married, her family usually ….
5. When guests go to a wedding, they almost always ….
6. Right after a couple gets married, they usually ….

a. Pays for the wedding and reception d. Give the woman an engagement ring
b. Go on a short trip called e. Begin to plan the wedding
“honeymoon”
c. Give the bride and groom a gift or f. date each other for a year or more
some money

6. Reading

Customs Around The World

1. On the third Monday of October,
Jamaicans celebrate National Heroes’
Day. They honor seven men and
women who were important to
Jamaica’s history. There are speeches,
music, sports and dancing. They also
give awards to “local heroes” for
helping their communities.

36
 2. On August 15 of the lunar calendar,
Koreans celebrate “Chuseok”, also
known as Korean Thanksgiving. It’s a
day when people give thanks for the
harvest. Korean families honor their
ancestors by going to their graves to
take them rice and fruit and clean the
gravesites.

3. An interesting custom in Thailand is

Loy Krathong. A krathong is a bowl
made from the bark and leaves of
banana trees. It’s decorated with a lit
candle, three lit joss sticks, and flowers.
After the rainy season, on the evening of the full moon in November, Thai
people float krathongs on the river to
pay respect to the river goddess.

4. Finland has a unique but very modern

custom. It started because some people
felt angry when their cell phones didn’t
work well. They wanted to express their
frustration in a humorous way. So every
summer, there is a cell-phone-throwing
contest. People throw their cell phones as far as possible. The winner
receives a prize, such as a gold medal.

A. Read the article. Then answer these questions.

1. When is National Heroes’ Day in Jamaica?
2. Why do Koreans celebrate Chuseok?
3. What do Thais do for Loy Krathong?
4. Why do Finns go to the cell-phone-throwing contest?

37
B. What do these words refer to? Write the correct word(s).
1. They (par. 1, line 2) …………………………………………
2. Their (par. 1, line 8) …………………………………………
3. It (par. 2, line 3) ……………………………………………….
4. It (par. 3, line 3) ……………………………………………….
5. It (par. 4, line 2) ……………………………………………….
6. They (par. 4, line 4) ………………………………………….

7. Listening – Carnaval Time

Carnaval in Brazil

A. Mike has just returned from Brazil. Listen to him talk about Carnaval. What was his
favorite thing about it?
B. Listen again and answer these questions.
1. What is Carnaval?
2. How long does it last?
3. When is it?
4. What is the samba?

38
LISTENING SECTION

39
Unit 1
A. Listening – Life as an immigrant
I. Listen to interviews with two immigrants to the United States. Where are they from?

II. Listen again and complete the chart.

Unit 2
A. Listening – Singapore solves it
I. Listen to a resident of Singapore talk about how his city has tried to solve its traffic
problems. Check () True or False for each statement.

II. Listen again. For the false statements, write the correct information.

40
Unit 1 -2 Listening Review
A. Listening – Celebrity Interview
I. Listen to an interview with Jeri, a fashion model. Answer the questions.

1. Where did she grow up? …………………………………………………………………….

2. What did she want to do when she grew up? ………………………………………
3. Did she have a hobby? ……………………………………………………………………….
4. Did she have a favorite game? ……………………………………………………………
5. What was her favorite place? ……………………………………………………………..

Unit 3

A. Listening – Capsule Hotels

I. Listen to Brad describe a “capsule hotel”. Check () the words that best describe it.

 Cramped
 Expensive
 Convenient
 Busy
 Bright
 Dangerous

II. Listen again. In addition to a bed, what does the hotel provide? Write four things.
a. __________________________________________________

b. __________________________________________________

c. __________________________________________________

d. __________________________________________________

41
Unit 4
A. Listening – What are they talking about?
I. Listen to six people ask questions about food and drink in a restaurant. Check ()
the item that each person is talking about

II. Listen to people explain how to make these snacks. Which snack are they talking
about? Number the photos from 1 to 4. (There is one extra photo)

Unit 3 – 4 Listening Review

I. Listen to three people talk about things they wish they could change. Check () the
topic each person is talking about.

II. Listen again. Write one change each person would like to make.

42
Unit 5
A. Listening – Tourist Tips
I. Listen to an interview with a spokeswoman from the New York City Visitors Center.
Check () the four topics she discusses.

II. Listen again. For each topic, write one piece of advice she gives.

Unit 6
A. Listening – Family Life
I. Listen to the results of a survey about family life. Answer each question with men
(M), women (W), boys (B) or girls (G).

a. Who is the messiest person in the house? _____

b. Who does most of the work in the kitchen? _______
c. Who usually takes out the garbage? _______
d. Who worries most about expenses? _______

II. Listen again. According to the survey, what specific

chores do men, women, boys and girls usually do?
Take notes.

43
Unit 5 – 6 Listening Review
A. Listening – Summer Plans
I. Listen to Judy, Paul and Brenda describe their summer plans. What is each person
going to do?

II. Listen again. What is the reason for each person’s choice?

Unit 7
A. Listening – Off-line – and proud of it!
I. Guess the answer to the questions below. Then listen to a radio program about the
internet and check your answers.

a. What percentage of U.S population never uses the

internet?
b. What kinds of people don’t use the internet?

II. Listen to the rest of program. Then answer these

questions.

a. What does the term “net evaders” mean?

b. What are “internet dropouts”?
c. Why do some people become internet dropouts?

44
B. Listening – Good Suggestions
I. Listening to people give suggestions about three of these things. Number them 1, 2
and 3. (There are two extra things.)

II. Listen again. Write two suggestions you hear for each thing. Then compare with a
partner.

Unit 8
A. Listening – Carnaval Time
I. Mike has just returned from Brazil.
Carnaval in Brazil
Listen to him talk about Carnaval.
What was his favorite thing about
it?

II. Listen again and answer these

questions.
1. What is Carnaval?
2. How long does it last?
3. When is it?
4. What is the samba?

45
Unit 7 – 8
A. Listening – Marriage Customs
I. Listen to some information about marriage customs. Check () True or False. Then
listen again and correct the false statements.

46
UNIT EXERCISES

47
Unit 1
1. Past tense

A. Write the past tense of these verbs.

Verb Past tense Verb Past tense
Be ___________________ Hide ___________________
Become ___________________ Laugh ___________________
Do ___________________ Lose ___________________
Email ___________________ Move ___________________
Get ___________________ Open ___________________
Have ___________________ Scream ___________________

2. Complete the questions in this conversation

48
3. Answer these questions

7. Where were you born?

___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Did your family move when you were a child?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Did you have a favorite teacher in elementary school?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. What hobbies did you have when you were in elementary school?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
11. When did you begin to learn English?
___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Rodrigo Santoro

a. Scan the article about Rodrigo Santoro. Where is he from? What does he do?

Rodrigo Santoro was born in 1975 in Petrópolis, near Rio

de Janeiro, Brazil. As a child, he used to organize puppet
performances during family vacations. When he was
studying communications in college, he started acting in
television soap operas, such as Olho no Olho in 1993 and
Hilda Furacão in 1998.

After his success in soap operas, Santoro started acting in

Brazilian films. His first big role was in Bicho de Sete
Cabeças in 2001. The movie is about a young man who is wrongly kept in a mental
hospital. For this role, he won the Best Actor Award in the Cartagena Film Festival.
This success led to Hollywood. In 2003, Santoro acted in three movies: Charlie’s
Angels: Full Throttle, with Drew Barrymore; The Roman Spring of Mrs. Stone, with
Helen Mirren; and Love Actually, with Hugh Grant. His performances as King Xerxes
of Persia in the movie 300 was nominated as the Best Villain at the MTV Movie
Awards in 2007.

During this time, Santoro continued working in Brazil. In 2003, he started Carandiru,
a film about a prison in São Paulo. He was nominated as Best Actor at the Prêmio

49
 Contigo Cinema for his performance in the 2007 film Não Por Acaso. More recently,
he performed the role of President Raùl Castro of Cuba in Che: Part Two (2008) and
that of Oriol in There Be Dragons (2011).

With this heavy workload, Santoro balances his life in Rio de Janeiro by reading,
listening to music, and meditating. He also loves sports. In 2008, he played soccer
with such international stars as Luis Figo and Alan Sheared for Soccer Aid, a charity
that raises money for the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).

b. Check () True or False. For statements that are false, write the correct
information.

50
5. Look at these childhood pictures of Kate and her brother
Peter. Complete the sentences using used to.

1. In the summer, Kate and Peter

sometimes ____________________________

2. They also _____________________________

Their dog Bruno always used to
follow them.

3. Kate __________________________________
every weekend during summer
vacation. She hardly ever goes now.

4. They ___________________________________
They are now worth a lot of money

5. They ___________________________________
They don’t have any pets now.

51
 6. Look at the answers. Write the questions using used to.

1. A : ___What did you use to do in the summer?____________________________________________

B : We used to go to the beach.

2. A : ____________________________________________________________________________________________
B : No, we didn’t collect shells. We used to build sand castles.

3. A : ____________________________________________________________________________________________

B : Yes, we did. We used to swim for hours. Then we played all kind of sports.
4. A : ____________________________________________________________________________________________
B : Well, we used to play beach volleyball with some other kids.

5. A : ____________________________________________________________________________________________

B : No, we didn’t. We used to win!

7. Complete the sentences. Use the past tense of the verbs

given.
Maria: I’m an immigrant here.
I ________was_______ (be) born in Chile and
________________________ (grow up) there. I
__________________________ (come) here in
2005. I ______________________ (not be) very
happy at first. Things __________________
(be) difficult for me. I __________________
(not speak) English, so I _________________
(go) to a community college and
____________________ (study) English there.
My English ______________________ (get)
better, and I ___________________ (find) this
job. What about you?

52
Unit 2
1. Choose the correct compound noun for each picture.
 Bicycle lane  Newsstand  Taxi stand
 Bus stop  Streetlights  Traffic jam

1. ____________taxi stand___________________ 2. _______________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________

5. _______________________________________________ 6. _______________________________________________

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2. Problems, problems.
A. Choose a solution for each problem.
Problems

1. No more parking spaces: __build a public parking garage__

2. Dark streets : ___________________________________________________
3. No places to take children: ____________________________________
4. Crime: ___________________________________________________________
5. Car accidents: ___________________________________________________
6. Traffic jams: _____________________________________________________

B. Look at these solutions. Write sentences explaining the problems. Use

too much, too many or not enough and the problems in part A.
1. ____There aren’t enough parking spaces________________________________________
The city should build a public parking garage.

2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
The city should install more traffic lights.

3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
The city should build a subway system.

4. _____________________________________________________________________________________
The city should hire more police officers.

5. _____________________________________________________________________________________
The city should build more parks.

6. _____________________________________________________________________________________
The city should install modern streetlights.

54
3. City blues
A. Match the words in columns A and B. Write the compound nouns.

B. Complete this online post using the compound nouns in part A.

55
4. Transportation in Hong Kong
A. Read about transportation in Hong Kong. Match the photos to the
description in the article.

Cable railways Subway

Ferry Tram

Getting Around Hong Kong

Hong Kong has an excellent transportation system. If you fly there, you will arrive at one of
the most modern airports in the world. And during your visit, there are many ways to get
around Hong Kong.

1. _________________________________________________

These have run in the streets of Hong Kong Island since 1904. They have two decks and
they carry 230,000 passengers a day. You can travel on six routes, totaling 30 kilometers
(about 19 miles). You can also hire one for private party with up to 25 guests – a great way
to enjoy Hong Kong!

2. ________________________________________________

Take one of these to cross from Hong Kong Island to Kowloon or to visit one of the other
islands. You can also use them to travel to Macau and Guangdong. They are very safe and
comfortable, and one of the cheapest boat rides in the world.

3. ________________________________________________

Hong Kong’s underground railway is called the MTR – the Mass Transit Railway. It is the
fastest way to get around. You can catch one from the airport to all the major centers in
Hong Kong. The MTR carries 2,3 million passengers a day.

4. ________________________________________________

This is found on Hong Kong Island. It pulls you up Victoria Peak, which is 552 meters
(about 1,800 feet) above sea level, the highest mountain on the island. The system is over
120 years old. In that time, there has never been an accident. Two cars carry up to 120
passengers each.

56
5. Complete the questions in this conversation at the mall.
Shopper : Could you _____________________________________________________________?
Salesclerk : Sure, it’s on the third floor
Shopper : Ok. And can you __________________________________________________?
Salesclerk : Yes, the Chinese restaurant is next to the baby gifts shop
Shopper : The baby gifts shop? Well, I need to buy something for my niece. Do you
__________________________________________________________________?

Salesclerk : It closes at 7:00 P.M. I’m sorry but you’ll have to wait until tomorrow. It’s
already 7:30.

Shopper : Ok then. What time ________________________________________________________?

Salesclerk : We open at 10:00 in the morning.
Shopper : Thanks. Just one more thing. Do you
_____________________________________________________________________?

Salesclerk : The airport bus leaves every half hour. And they station near the main
gate of the mall. Is there anything else?

Shopper : No, thank you so much.

6. Answer these questions about your city.

1. Are there any traffic-free zones? If so, where are they located?
_________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do most people travel to and from work?

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What’s the rush hour like?

_________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What’s the city’s biggest problem?

_________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What has the city done about it?

_________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Is there any interesting place in the city

_________________________________________________________________________________________

57
Unit 3
1. Opposites.
A. Write the opposites. Use the words below.
 dark  old

 expensive  safe

 small  inconvenent

 noisy  spacious

1. Big/__Small_____________________ 5. Bright/__________________________

2. Cramped/ ______________________ 6. Modern/________________________

3. Dangerous/_____________________ 7. Quiet/___________________________

4. Convenient/_____________________ 8. Cheap/__________________________

2. Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each sentence using
not ……… enough or too and the words in part A.
1. The building isn’t cheap enough.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. The lights aren’t bright enough.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The kitchen isn’t spacious enough for the kitchen crew.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. The house is too old

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The garden is too small for our dogs.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

58
6. The party is too noisy for us.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The neighborhood is too dangerous.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. The location is too inconvenient

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Complete these sentences. Use the words given and the

comparisons in the box.
As …………as Just as ………as Not as ………as Almost as … as

1. Tina is 21 years old. Sam is also 21.

Tina …………………………………………. Sam. (old)

Sam ………………………………………….. Tina. (old)

2. Ted is 20. Tina is 21.

Ted ……………………………………………. Tina. (not old)

Ted ……………………………………………. Tina. (old)

59
4. Wishes.
A. Which words or phrases often go with which verbs? Complete the
chart.

Italian Happier My own room Karate

More free time Healthy Somewhere else To a new place

Be Know Have Move

Healthy_____________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

B. Describe what these people would like to change. Use I wish and
words or phrases in part A.

60
5. Rewrite
A. Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each sentence using
the words given.
1. There should be more bedrooms in my apartment. (enough)

___There aren’t enough bedrooms in my apartment__________________________________________

2. This neighborhood is safe enough. (dangerous)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The office doesn’t have enough privacy. (private)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Our house has the same number of bedrooms as yours. (just as many)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. I don’t have enough closet space. (wish)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. We wish we could move to a new place. (somewhere else)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The apartment is too narrow. (wide)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. I wish housework were easy. (not difficult)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

61
Unit 4
1. Complete the conversation with the correct tense.

I went to Sunrise Beach last week. _________________________________________________

Isabel : (Did you ever go/Have you ever been)
to Sunrise Beach, Andy?

Yes, __________________________. It’s beautiful. _________________________________________

Andy : (I did / I have) (Did you go/ Have you gone)

there on the weekend?

Yeah, I ___________________________. I ___________________________ on Sunday.

(did / have). (went / have gone)
Isabel :
________________________________________ at 4:00 A.M.
( I got up / I’ve gotten up)

Wow! __________________________________________________ that early!

Andy :
(I never woke up / I’ve never woken up)

Oh, it wasn’t so bad. I ___________________________________ to the beach early to see

(got / have gotten)
Isabel :
the sun come up. _______________________________________ a sunrise on a beach, Andy?
(Did you ever see / Have you ever seen)

No, _____________________________________.
Andy :
( I didn’t / I haven’t )

Then I _________________________ swimming around 6:00, but there were some

(went / have gone)
Isabel :
strange dark shadows in the water. __________________________________________________
(Did you ever / Have you ever heard)
of sharks at Sunrise Beach?

62
2. Do I have a food allergy?
A. Read the article. What kind of food can cause allergies?

B. Read the article. What problem did each person have? Complete the
first column of the chart.

63
3. Eggs, anyone?
A. Here’s a recipe for a mushroom omelet. Look at the pictures and
number the sentences from 1 to 5.

________ After that, pour the eggs into a frying pan. Add the mushrooms and cook.

________ Then beat the eggs in a bowl.

___1____ First, slice the mushrooms.

________ Next, add salt and pepper to the egg mixture.

________ Finally fold the omelet in half. Your omelet is ready. Enjoy!

4. Choose the correct responses.

64
Unit 5
1. Vacation Plans
A. Which words or phrases often go with which verbs? Complete the
chart. Use each word or phrase only once.
 a camper  lots of hiking  sailing lessons

 camping  my email  some fishing

 a car  my reading  something exciting

 a condominium  my studying  swimming

 long walks  on vacation  a vacation

take do go
________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________

rent catch up on
________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________ ________________________________

B. Write four things you plan to do on your next vacation. Use be going to
and the information in part A or your own information.
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

65
2. Complete the conversation. Use be going to or will and the
information on the notepads.
Dave: So, Stella, do you have any vacation plans?
Stella’s Pad
Stella: Well, _I’m going to paint my apartment______
Paint my apartment – Yes
because the walls are a really ugly color.
Catch up on my studying – Probably
What about you?
Relax on the beach – Yes
Dave: _______________________________________________

and take a long drive.

Dave’s Pad
Stella: Where are you going?
Rent a car – Yes
Dave: I’m not sure. ________________________________________
Visit my sister Joanne – Probably
I haven’t seen her in a long time.
Go to the mountains – Maybe
Stella: That sounds nice. I like to visit my family too.

Dave: Yes, and ____________________________________________________ for a few days. I haven’t

been hiking in months. How about you? Are you going to do anything else on
your vacation?

Stella: ______________________________________________________________________. I have a lot of

work to do before school starts.

Dave: That doesn’t sound like much fun.

Stella: Oh, I am planning to have some fun too. _____________________________________________.

I love to swim in the ocean!

66
3. Travel Plans
A. Look at these answers. Write the question using be going to.
1. A: _____________________________________________________________________________________

B: I’m going to go someplace nice and quiet.

2. A: _____________________________________________________________________________________

B: I’m going to cook

3. A: _____________________________________________________________________________________

B: I’m going to stay in my grandmother’s house. It’s near my friend’s house.

4. A: _____________________________________________________________________________________

B: No, I’m going to travel with my family.

4. Circle the correct word or words to give advice to travelers.

1. You ought ( check / to check ) the weather

2. You should never ( leave / to leave ) cash

in your hotel room

3. You need ( take / to take ) your credit card

with you

4. You have ( pay / to pay ) an airport tax

5. You should ( let / to let ) your family know

where they can contact you

6. You’d better not ( go / to go ) out alone

late at night

7. You must ( get / to get ) a vaccination if you go to some countries

67
5. Take it or leave it?
A. Check ( ) the most important item to have in each situation.

1. A vacation to a foreign country 3. A sailing trip

 an overnight bag  a hotel reservation
 a passport  a first-aid kit
 a driver’s license  an ATM card

2. A mountain-climbing vacation 4. A visit to a temple

 a suitcase  a credit card
 a visa  suitable clothes
 hiking boots  a plane ticket

6. You don’t need to take that!

Your friends are planning to drive across North America and camp along the way. What
advice can you give them? Write eight sentences using the expression in the box and some
of the cues below.

You don’t have to … You ought to … You must … You shouldn’t …

You have to … You should … You need to … You’d better …

Bring cooking equipment Pack a lot of luggage

Buy good quality camping equipment Remember to bring insect spray

Buy maps and travel guide Remember to bring a jacket

Forget a first-aid kit Take a credit card

Forget your passport or identification Take a lot of cash

Get a GPS device for your car Take your driver’s license

68
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________________________ _________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

6. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

7. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

8. ___________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each

sentence using the words given.
1. I’m not going to go on vacation on my own. (alone)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. I don’t want to travel with anyone. (by myself)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. You ought to travel with a friend. (should)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. It’s necessary to get a vaccination. (must)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

69
Unit 6
1. Write responses to these requests. Use it or them.
1. Please take out the trash.

___OK. I’ll take it out.___________________________________________________________________

2. Please put the dishes away.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Hang up the towels.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Turn off the lights, please.

___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Turn on the radio.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Two-part verbs
A. Use the words in the box to make two-part verbs. (You may use words
more than once).

away down off on out up

1. Clean ______up_____________ 6. Take _____________________

2. Hang _____________________ 7. Take _____________________
3. Let _____________________ 8. Throw _____________________

4. Pick _____________________ 9. Turn _____________________

5. Put _____________________ 10. Turn _____________________

70
3. Choose the correct word
1. Hang up your ____coat______. (books / coat / trash)

2. Take out the ____________________. (groceries / trash / yard)

3. Turn down the __________________. (garbage / TV / toys)

4. Pick up your ______________________. (lights / things / yard)

5. Put away your ____________________. (clothes / microwave / dog)

6. Turn on the _______________________. (magazines / mess / radio)

4. Chores, chores, chores

A. Scan the article. What are some ways to get children to do chores?

71
Answer these questions

1. Why do some people think that both wives and husbands should do household chores?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Why do many people think that children should do some chores?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What kinds of chores can young children do?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What reasons are given for and against paying young people to do chores?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Rewrite the sentences. Find another way to say each sentence

using the words given.
1. Turn off your cell phone, please. (Can)

___Can you turn off your cell phone, please?__________________________________________

2. Take this form to the office. (Would you mind)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Please turn the TV down. (Could)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Don’t leave wet towels on the floor. (Would you mind)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Turn on the radio. (Would)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Pass me the book, please. (Can)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

72
6. For each complaint, apologize and either give an excuse, admit
a mistake, make an offer, or make a
promise.
1. Customer : This steak is very tough. I can’t eat it.

Waiter : _Oh, I’m sorry. I’ll get you another one.____

2. Steven : You’re late! I’ve been here for half an hour

Katie : _________________________________________________

3. Roommate 1: Could you turn the TV down? I’m trying to

study and the noise is bothering me

Roommate 2: ________________________________________________

4. Father: You didn’t take out the garbage this morning

Son : ________________________________________________________

5. Customer. : I brought this laptop in last week, but it’s

still not working right.

Salesperson: __________________________________________________

6. Neighbor 1: Could you do something about your dog? It

barks all night and keeps me awake.

Neighbor 2: ___________________________________________________

7. Resident : Would you mind moving your car? You’re

parked in my parking space.

Visitor :
_____________________________________________________

8. Teacher : Please put away your papers. You left them

on your desk yesterday.

Student : ____________________________________________________

73
Unit 7
1. What are these items used for? Write a sentence about each
item using used for and the information in the box
 do boring jobs  store and transmit data

 transmit radio and TV programs  write reports

 determine your exact location

1 2 3 4 5

computer satelite robot Flash drive GPS

1. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Complete the sentences with used to, is used to, or are used to.
1. My sister __used to_____ visit me on the weekends when I was in college.

2. People ___________________________ write letters but nowadays they usually send emails.

3. A cell phone ___________________________ make calls and send texts.

4. I _______________________ have a PC computer but now I just use laptop.

5. We download all of our movies. We _________________ buy DVDs, but not anymore.

6. Wi-Fi networks _________________________ access the Internet wirelessly.

74
3. Useful types of websites
A. Match the types of websites with how people use them.

B. Do you use any of the types of websites in part A? What do you use them
for? Write sentences.
1. _I use answer sites to ask and answer questions online._________________________________________ or

_I use answer sites for asking and answering questions online._________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

75
4. Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each
sentence using the words given.
1. I use my computer for paying bills. (online)

___I pay my bills online._________________________________________________________________

2. It breaks very easily. (fragile)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Take it out of the outlet. (unplug)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Remember to keep it dry. (spill)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Don’t let the battery die. (recharge)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

76
Unit 8
1. Complete this paragraph with the words in the box.
 celebrate  fireworks  holidays  picnic

 customs  get-togethers  music  streamers.

2. Complete the sentences with the clauses in the box

 When I feel sad and depressed  When people have to pay their taxes

 When school starts  When summer vacation begins

1. I hate April 15! In the United States, it’s the day _____________________________________________. I
always owe the government money.

2. June is my favorite month. It’s the month _____________________________________________________. I

always head straight for the beach.

3. September is my least favorite month. It’s the month _________________________________________.

Good-bye, summer!

4. I have never liked winter. It’s a season ________________________________________________________.

The cold weather always affects my mood negatively.

77
3. What happens at these times in your country? Complete the
sentences.
1. When someone has a birthday, ________________________________________________________________.

2. Before some people eat a meal, ________________________________________________________________.

3. After a student graduates, ______________________________________________________________________.

4. When a woman gets engaged, __________________________________________________________________.

5. When a couple has their first child, ____________________________________________________________.

6. When a person retires, __________________________________________________________________________.

4. Rewrite these sentences. Find another way to say each

sentence using the words given.
1. Everyone in the family comes to my parents’ house on Thanksgiving. (get together)

___Everyone in the family gets together at my parents’ house on Thanksgiving______

2. Many people have parties on New Year’s Eve. (New Year’s Eve / when)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. At the end of the year, Japanese people give and receive oseibo presents to show their
appreciation for the people in their lives. (exchange)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

4. June is the month when many Brazilians celebrate the Festa Junina. (in June)

___________________________________________________________________________________________

In Sweden, people observe Midsummer’s Day around June 21. (occur)

________________________________________________________________________________________________

78