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1D Monoatomic Chain 3-5

The document discusses three models for studying lattice dynamics: 1) a 1D model using a monoatomic linear chain or diatomic chain with particles vibrating longitudinally or transversely, 2) a 2D model, and 3) a 3D model. For the 1D monoatomic linear chain model, the lattice consists of equally spaced identical particles held together by elastic forces obeying Hooke's law. Particle vibrations are described using equations that consider the potential and kinetic energy of the system. MATLAB code is provided to generate a dispersion curve plotting the frequency of vibrations versus wavevector.

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119 views33 pages

1D Monoatomic Chain 3-5

The document discusses three models for studying lattice dynamics: 1) a 1D model using a monoatomic linear chain or diatomic chain with particles vibrating longitudinally or transversely, 2) a 2D model, and 3) a 3D model. For the 1D monoatomic linear chain model, the lattice consists of equally spaced identical particles held together by elastic forces obeying Hooke's law. Particle vibrations are described using equations that consider the potential and kinetic energy of the system. MATLAB code is provided to generate a dispersion curve plotting the frequency of vibrations versus wavevector.

Uploaded by

M Irfan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lattice Dynamics

can be studied by using THREE Models

 1D Model

 2D Model

 3D Model
1D Model
2D Model
3D Model
Lecture 3: Lattice Dynamics (SSP 507)

By
Dr. Afaq Ahmad
Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics
University of the Punjab Lahore.
1D Model

Monoatomic
Linear Chain Diatomic Chain

Transverse Modes of
Vibration

Longitudinal Modes of Vibration


Monoatomic Linear Chain

m m m m

 Lattice consisting of infinite No. of EQUALLY SPACED IDENTICAL particles


 Space between (any) two particles is ‘a’
 Mass of each particle is ‘m’
 Lying along a STRAIGHT LINE
 Held together by ELASTIC FORCE obeying ‘Hooke’s Law’
 Infinite chain, we are free to choose origin
 Particles can VIBRATE
Monoatomic Linear Lattice

σ Reference Atom

U1 U2

•
r

n n+m

•
•
•
 Using in equation (3), we get

The Potential Energy of the lattice


corresponding to the equilibrium
configurations.
This implies that in equilibrium
position, there is no net force on
any particle
 This the energy of One Dimensional Lattice
 Using another approximation i.e. Nearest Neighbor Approximation*
 *The energy of interaction is taken to be zero between two particles which
are in equilibrium configuration are separated by distance 2a or more…
 Hence we may write equation (5) as

 The summation in above equation is to be tackled first…


•
What is Hooke’s Law??
Hooke’s Law

Is this Hooke’s Law for single body


or more than one body??
Can we apply this Hooke’s Law to our
Physical System having TWO bodies?
Yes!
Hooke’s Law for Physical System having
THREE bodies?
 From comparison of equation (7) and (8) we can deduce that
Equation of Motion

•
•
•
MATLAB Code
a=4.85.*10.^(-10);
k=-pi./a:pi./(10.*a):pi./a;
s=33.8;
m=6.8.*10.^(-26);
w0=sqrt(4.*s./m);
w=w0.*abs(sin(k.*a./2));
plot(k,w)
xlabel('k')
ylabel('\omega (k)')
title('Dispersion Curve for Monoatomic Linear Chain')
Dispersion Curve
Discussion

Medium behaves as Continuous, non-dispersive, Homogeneous and


Elastic Medium

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