Math 21a Homework 05 Solutions Spring, 2014

1. In each part, DRAW the region D, and evaluate the integral.

ZZ
y
(a) (Stewart 12.3 #8 ) 5
dA, where D is the region D = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , 0 ≤ y ≤ x2 }.
D x +1

Solution:
Here is a sketch of D: We integrate as follows:
ZZ Z 1 Z x2
y y y
dA = dy dx
D x5 + 1 0 0 x5 + 1
1 2
y 2 y=x
Z
1

= · dx
1 x5 + 1 2 y=0

0

1
x4
Z
1 1 1
1
= dx = · ln |x5 + 1|

2 0 x5 +1 2 5 0

1 1
= (ln 2 − ln 1) = ln 2
10 10
x
1

ZZ
(b) (Stewart 12.3 #10 ) x3 dA, where D is the region D = {(x, y) | 1 ≤ x ≤ e , 0 ≤ y ≤ ln x}.
D

Solution:
Here is a sketch of D: We integrate as follows:
ZZ Z e Z ln x
x3 dA = x3 dy dx
y D 1 0
Z e y=ln x
= x3 · y  dx

1 1 y=0
Z e
= x3 ln x dx
1

0.5 (integrate by parts with u = ln x, dv = x3 dx)

h1 1 4 ie
= x4 ln x − x
4 16 1

0 x 1 4 1 4 1
= e − e −0+
1 2 e 4 16 16
3 4 1
= e +
16 16
2. (Stewart 12.3 #16 ) DRAW the region D. Set up the iterated integrals for both orders of integration. Then evaluate
the double integral using the easier order and explain why it’s easier.
ZZ
y 2 exy dA where D is bounded by y = x, y = 4, and x = 0
D

Solution: Here is a sketch of the region D:

y

x
1 2 3 4
 As a type I region, D = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ 4 , x ≤ y ≤ 4} and
ZZ Z 4Z 4
y 2 exy dA = y 2 exy dy dx.
D 0 x

As a type II region, D = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ y ≤ 4 , 0 ≤ x ≤ y} and

ZZ Z 4Z y
y 2 exy dA = y 2 exy dx dy.
D 0 0

Evaluating y 2 exy dy requires integration by parts whereas y 2 exy dx does not, so the iterated integral corresponding
R R

to D as a type II region appears easier to evaluate.

ZZ Z 4Z y Z 4h ix=y Z 4 
2
y 2 exy dA = y 2 exy dx dy = yexy dy = yey − y dy
D 0 0 0 x=0 0
h1 2 1 i4  1 16  1  1 17
y
= e − y2 = e −8 − − 0 = e16 −
2 2 0 2 2 2 2

3. (a) (Stewart 12.3 #36 ) Find the volume of the solid enclosed by the parabolic cylinder y = x2 and the planes z = 3y,
z = 2 + y.

Solution: The two planes intersect in the line y = 1, z = 3, so the region of integration is the plane region
enclosed by the parabola y = x2 and the line y = 1. We have 2 + y ≥ 3y for 0 ≤ y ≤ 1, so the solid region is
bounded above by z = 2 + y and bounded below by z = 3y.
Z 1 Z 1 Z 1 Z 1 Z 1 Z 1 Z 1 Z 1
V = (2 + y) dy dx − (3y) dy dx = (2 + y − 3y) dy dx = (2 − 2y) dy dx
−1 x2 −1 x2 −1 x2 −1 x2
Z 1 Z 1  1
h iy=1 2 3 1 5 16
= 2y − y 2 dx = (1 − 2x2 + x4 ) dx = x − x + x =
−1 y=x2 −1 3 5 −1 15

Z 1 Z 1−x2
(b) (Stewart 12.3 #38 ) Sketch the solid whose volume is given by the iterated integral (1 − x) dy dx.
0 0

Solution: The solid lies below the plane z = 1−x and above the region D = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 , 0 ≤ y ≤ 1−x2 }
in the xy-plane. Here are sketches of the region D (left) and the solid (right):

x
1

4. Sketch the region of integration and change the order of integration.

Z 1Z 4
(a) (Stewart 12.3 #42 ) f (x, y) dy dx
0 4x

Solution: Because the region of integration is D = {(x, y) | 4x ≤ y ≤ 4 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 1} = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤

Z 1Z 4 ZZ Z 4 Z y/4
y
, 0 ≤ y ≤ 4} (see Figure 1) we have f (x, y) dy dx = f (x, y) dA = f (x, y) dx dy.
4 0 4x D 0 0
 y y y

4 3 1

3
2
2
1
1

x x x
1 1 2 3 1
(a) (b) (c)

Figure 1: The regions for Problem 4

√
Z 3 Z 9−y
(b) (Stewart 12.3 #44 ) f (x, y) dx dy
0 0

Solution: To reverse the order, we must break the region into two separate type I regions. (See Figure 1.)
Because the region of integration is
p
D = {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ 9 − y , 0 ≤ y ≤ 3}
√ √
= {(x, y) | 0 ≤ y ≤ 3 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 6} ∪ {(x, y) | 0 ≤ y ≤ 9 − x2 , 6 ≤ x ≤ 3}

we have
√
Z 3 Z 9−y ZZ
f (x, y) dx dy = f (x, y) dA
0 0 D
√
Z 6 Z 3 Z 3 Z 9−x2
= f (x, y) dy dx + √
f (x, y) dy dx
0 0 6 0

Z 1 Z π/4
(c) (Stewart 12.3 #46 ) f (x, y) dy dx
0 arctan x

Solution: Because the region of integration is

π
, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1}
D = {(x, y) | arctan x ≤ y ≤
4
π
= {(x, y) | 0 ≤ x ≤ tan y , 0 ≤ y ≤ }
4
Z 1 Z π/4 ZZ Z π/4 Z tan y
we have f (x, y) dy dx = f (x, y) dA = f (x, y) dx dy.
0 arctan x D 0 0

5. Evaluate the integral by reversing the order of integration.

Z 1Z 1
(a) (Stewart 12.3 #50 ) ex/y dy dx
0 x

Solution: The region over which we are integrating is shown in Figure 2.

Z 1Z 1 Z 1Z y Z 1h ix=y
ex/y dy dx = ex/y dx dy = yex/y dy
0 x 0 0 0 x=0
Z 1
1 i1
= (e − 1)y dy = (e − 1)y 2
0 2 0
1
= (e − 1)
2
 y y

1 8

x x
1 1 2
(a) (b)

Figure 2: The regions for Problem 5

Z 8 Z 2 4
(b) (Stewart 12.3 #52 ) ex dx dy
√
3y
0

Solution: Again the region of integration is shown in Figure 2.

Z 8 Z 2 4
Z 2 Z x3 4
ex dx dy = ex dy dx
√
3y
0 0 0
Z 2 4
y=x3 Z 2 4
= ex · y  dx = x3 ex dx

0 y=0 0
1 x 4 2 1

= e  = (e16 − 1)
4 0 4

6. (c) The half angle formulas for sin2 x and for cos2 x are
1 1 1 1
sin2 x = − cos(2x) and cos2 x = + cos(2x).
2 2 2 2