HTML Character Entities

The following sections present the complete lists of character entity references.
Essential Entities:
The following table lists the the essential entities in HTML.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
& & & Ampersand
" " " Double quote mark
< &lt; &#60; Less than symbol
> &gt; &#62; Greater than symbol
' &apos; &#39; Apostrophe (XHTML only)

Currency Symbols:
The following table lists the entities for currency symbols.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
¢ &cent; &#162; Cent
£ &pound; &#163; Pound
¤ &curren; &#164; General currency
¥ &yen; &#165; Yen
€ &euro; &#8364; Euro

Copyright, Trademark, and Registered Symbol

The following table lists the entities for copyright, trademark, and registered symbol.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
© &copy; &#169; Copyright
® &reg; &#174; Registered
™ &trade; &#8482; Trademark

General Punctuation
The following table lists the entities for general punctuation.
Char Entity Name Entity Description
acter Number
&ensp; &#8194; En space
&emsp; &#8195; Em space
  &thinsp; &#8201; Thin space
 &nbsp; &#160; Nonbreaking space
– &ndash; &#8211; En dash
— &mdash; &#8212; Em dash
‘ &lsquo; &#8216; Left/Opening single-quote
’ &rsquo; &#8217; Right/Closing single-quote and apostrophe
‚ &sbquo; &#8218; Single low-9 quotation mark
“ &ldquo; &#8220; Left/Opening double-quote
” &rdquo; &#8221; Right/Closing double-quote
„ &bdquo; &#8222; Double low-9 quotation mark
‹ &lsaquo; &#8249; Left-pointing single angle quotation mark
› &rsaquo; &#8250; Left-pointing single angle quotation mark
« &laquo; &#171; Left-pointing double angle quotation mark
» &raquo; &#187; Right-pointing double angle quotation mark
† &dagger; &#8224; Dagger
‡ &Dagger; &#8224; Double dagger
• &bull; &#8226; Bullet
… &hellep; &#8230; Ellipses
‰ &permil; &#8240; Per mille symbol (per thousand)
′ &prime; &#8242; Prime, minutes, feet
″ &Prime; &#8243; Double prime, seconds, inches
‾ &oline; &#8254; Overline
⁄ &frasl; &#8260; Fraction slash

Arrows
The following table lists the entities for arrows.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
← &larr; &#8592; Left arrow
↑ &uarr; &#8593; Up arrow
→ &rarr; &#8594; Right arrow
↓ &darr; &#8595; Down arrow
↔ &harr; &#8596; Left-right arrow
↵ &crarr; &#8629; Down arrow with corner leftward
⇐ &lArr; &#8656; Leftward double arrow
⇑ &uArr; &#8657; Upward double arrow
⇒ &rArr; &#8658; Rightward double arrow
⇓ &dArr; &#8659; Downward double arrow
⇔ &hArr; &#8660; Left-right double arrow

Mathematical Symbols
The following table lists the entities for mathematical symbols.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
∀ &forall; &#8704; for all
∂ &part; &#8706; Partial differential
∃ &exist; &#8707; There exists
∅ &empty; &#8709; Empty set, null set, diameter
∇ &nabla; &#8711; Nabla, backward difference
∈ &isin; &#8712; Element of
∉ &notin; &#8713; Not an element of
∋ &ni; &#8715; Contains as a member
∏ &prod; &#8719; N-ary product, product sign
∑ &sum; &#8721; N-ary summation
− &minus; &#8722; Minus sign
∗ &lowast; &#8727; Asterisk operator
√ &radic; &#8730; Square root, radical sign
∝ &prop; &#8733; Proportional to
∞ &infin; &#8734; Infinity
∠ &ang; &#8736; Angle
∧ &and; &#8743; Logical and, wedge
∨ &or; &#8744; Logical or, vee
∩ &cap; &#8745; Intersection, cap
∪ &cup; &#8746; Union, cup
∫ &int; &#8747; Integral
∴ &there4; &#8756; Therefore
∼ &sim; &#8764; Tilde operator, varies with, similar to
≅ &cong; &#8773; Approximately equal to
≈ &asymp; &#8776; Almost equal to, asymptotic to
≠ &ne; &#8800; Not equal to
≡ &equiv; &#8801; Equivalent to
≤ &le; &#8804; Less than or equal to
≥ &ge; &#8805; Greater than or equal to
⊂ &sub; &#8834; Subset of
⊃ &sup; &#8835; Superset of
⊄ &nsub; &#8836; Not a subset of
⊆ &sube; &#8838; Subset of or equal to
⊇ &supe; &#8839; Superset of or equal to
⊕ &oplus; &#8853; Circled plus, direct sum
⊗ &otimes; &#8855; Circled times, vector product
⊥ &perp; &#8869; Up tack, orthogonal to, perpendicular
⋅ &sdot; &#8901; Dot operator

Greek Letters
The following table lists the entities for greek letters.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
Α &Alpha; &#913; Greek capital alpha
Β &Beta; &#914; Greek capital beta
Γ &Gamma; &#915; Greek capital gamma
Δ &Delta; &#916; Greek capital delta
Ε &Epsilon; &#917; Greek capital epsilon
Ζ &Zeta; &#918; Greek capital zeta
Η &Eta; &#919; Greek capital eta
Θ &Theta; &#920; Greek capital theta
Ι &Iota; &#921; Greek capital iota
Κ &Kappa; &#922; Greek capital kappa
Λ &Lambda; &#923; Greek capital lambda
Μ &Mu; &#924; Greek capital mu
Ν &Nu; &#925; Greek capital nu
Ξ &Xi; &#926; Greek capital xi
Ο &Omicron; &#927; Greek capital omicron
Π &Pi; &#928; Greek capital pi
Ρ &Rho; &#929; Greek capital rho
Σ &Sigma; &#931; Greek capital sigma
Τ &Tau; &#932; Greek capital tau
Υ &Upsilon; &#933; Greek capital upsilon
Φ &Phi; &#934; Greek capital phi
Χ &Chi; &#935; Greek capital chi
Ψ &Psi; &#936; Greek capital psi
Ω &Omega; &#937; Greek capital omega
α &alpha; &#945; Greek small alpha
β &beta; &#946; Greek small beta
γ &gamma; &#947; Greek small gamma
δ &delta; &#948; Greek small delta
ε &epsilon; &#949; Greek small epsilon
ζ &zeta; &#950; Greek small zeta
η &eta; &#951; Greek small eta
θ &theta; &#952; Greek small theta
ι &iota; &#953; Greek small iota
κ &kappa; &#954; Greek small kappa
λ &lambda; &#955; Greek small lambda
μ &mu; &#956; Greek small mu
ν &nu; &#957; Greek small nu
ξ &xi; &#958; Greek small xi
ο &omicron; &#959; Greek small omicron
π &pi; &#960; Greek small pi
ρ &rho; &#961; Greek small rho
ς &sigmaf; &#962; Greek small letter final sigma
σ &sigma; &#963; Greek small sigma
τ &tau; &#964; Greek small tau
υ &upsilon; &#965; Greek small upsilon
φ &phi; &#966; Greek small phi
χ &chi; &#967; Greek small chi
ψ &psi; &#968; Greek small psi
ω &omega; &#969; Greek small omega
ϑ &thetasym; &#977; Greek small theta symbol
ϒ &upsih; &#978; Greek upsilon with hook
ϖ &piv; &#982; Greek pi symbol
Miscellaneous
The following table lists the other useful entities supported by HTML.
Character Entity Name Entity Number Description
⌈ &lceil; &#8968; Left ceiling
⌉ &rceil; &#8969; Right ceiling
⌊ &lfloor; &#8970; Left floor
⌋ &rfloor; &#8971; Right floor
⟨ &lang; &#10216; Left-pointing angle bracket
⟩ &rang; &#10217; Right-pointing angle bracket
◊ &loz; &#9674; Lozenge
ℑ &image; &#8465; Blackletter capital I, imaginary part
℘ &weierp; &#8472; Script capital P, power set
ℜ &real; &#8476; Blackletter capital R, real part
ℵ &alefsym; &#8501; Alef symbol, or first transfinite cardinal
♠ &spades; &#9824; Black spade suit
♣ &clubs; &#9827; Black club suit
♥ &hearts; &#9829; Black heart suit
♦ &diams; &#9830; Black diamond suit