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Pre Stressed Concrete

This document discusses properties and types of prestressed concrete. It covers topics like low shrinkage concrete, pre-tensioning vs post-tensioning, types of prestressing steel, prestressing losses over time, and stress analysis of prestressed concrete members. The key points are that prestressing concrete involves applying tension to steel tendons before or after the concrete sets to put it in compression and increase its strength, and factors like creep, shrinkage and relaxation cause the prestressing force to gradually reduce over time.

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Atef Shenoda William
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270 views5 pages

Pre Stressed Concrete

This document discusses properties and types of prestressed concrete. It covers topics like low shrinkage concrete, pre-tensioning vs post-tensioning, types of prestressing steel, prestressing losses over time, and stress analysis of prestressed concrete members. The key points are that prestressing concrete involves applying tension to steel tendons before or after the concrete sets to put it in compression and increase its strength, and factors like creep, shrinkage and relaxation cause the prestressing force to gradually reduce over time.

Uploaded by

Atef Shenoda William
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11/30/2010 Required Properties and Types for Prestressed Concrete 2nd Lecture

:Low Shrinkage -4

Relationship between Shrinkage and Age of Concrete

100

80
Shrinkage Percentage

60

40

20

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time

Average Shrinkage Design Value = ɛsh = 0.0002 – 0.0004


:Factors Affecting Shrinkage

a. Humidity
b. Size
c. W/C
d. Aggregate size
e. Cement type
f. Temperature

5- Low Porosity

6- Good Workability

:Pre-tensioning

-1-
11/30/2010 Required Properties and Types for Prestressed Concrete 2nd Lecture

Tension of tendons then pouring concrete (No Buckling as force


(transfers by mean of bond strength

:Post Tensioning
Pouring concrete in form which fitted with a duct, after hardening of
concrete occurred the tendons pulled through the duct and the duct may
be filled with grout or may not.(Buckling occurred as the force applies at
(the ends

:Types of P/S Steel


• P/S Wires:

Hot rolled carbon steel


Diameter (5 – 15 mm)

• P/S Strands:

Diameter (6-15mm)

7 wire strands

19 wire strands

The strands can be categorized according to production process to:

-2-
11/30/2010 Required Properties and Types for Prestressed Concrete 2nd Lecture

a. Stress relieved strands


b. Low relaxation strands

• High Tensile Bars:

Diameter (20-40mm)
Chromium steel materials
Hot rolled then cold drawn

P Sinɵ P Sinɵ

F= 2 P Sin ɵ
Note: inclined Cables increase the shear resistance along the section
depth.

F = P sin ɵ

-3-
11/30/2010 Required Properties and Types for Prestressed Concrete 2nd Lecture

Types of Prestressing:

A. Pre-tensioning:

1- Wire is stretched against form or end anchors ( Pi &


Fsi ).
2- Concrete placed and bonded around it.
3- Concrete is cured.
4- Steel released from anchorage leaving steel anchored in
concrete by bond (Pt & Fst)

Pt ≃ 0.95 Pi

If you are in site and tendons are being pulled by the specialist and by a machine
which its calibration is a matter of question, you can predict the strain by knowing
E (Young's modulus) of the tendons.

/
E = (P/As) (∆/L)
B. Post-Tensioning:

1 – Concrete placed with open place for steel.


2 – Concrete is cured.
3– Steel threaded into open place and stressed (need for High early
strength concrete)
4 – Steel anchored by plates & wedges against concrete (Some losses
may occur in anchorage)

Note: Tension should be from two sides to prevent losses due to friction

Summary of P/S Losses:

Types of Losses Pre-Tensioning Post Tensioning


Elastic Shortening (3 – 4)% (2 - 3)%
Anchorage Seating None ≈ 0.24"
Friction losses None √
Creep (6 – 7)% (4 – 5)%
Shrinkage (5 – 6)% (4 – 5)%
Relaxation 3% 4%

-4-
11/30/2010 Required Properties and Types for Prestressed Concrete 2nd Lecture

Total (17 – 20)% (14 – 17)%

Combined Stress Concept:

Ftb = -P/A ± P.E/Ztb ∓ Mo.w/Ztb ∓ ML.L/Ztb

Ftb ≯ Allowable stress stated by ECP

Analysis:

At transfer (critical section at end of beam)

Ftb = -P/A ± P.E/Ztb ∓ Mo.w/Ztb

At full service load: (Critical section at mid-span)

Ftb = -P/A ± P.E/Ztb ∓ Mo.w/Ztb ∓ ML.L/Ztb


Notes:
1. Proof strength is the strength used for design when Fy cannot be
determined.
2. In P/S concrete the whole section is considered as the Prestressing
force prevents the cracking of the section.

-5-

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