BrightNight LLC 50MWAC Solar PV Plant and HT Switchyard - Request for Proposal

42 Control and Monitoring System

The PV plant shall incorporate a communication system to monitor the output of each
inverter input so that system faults can be detected and rectified before they have an
appreciable effect on production. The monitoring system will be a combination of web-
based internet portal solution and on-site local area network for acquisition of data through
onsite servers.

42.1 Design Criteria

The SCADA system shall comprise of an integrated operator human-machine interface
(HMI), input/output (I/O) cards, media converters, remote terminal units (RTU),
communication infrastructure, laser printer and software.
The SCADA function shall be developed to ensure minimum plant downtime, monitor the
real time plant performance, evaluate historical performance and maximise operational
safety of the plant/s.
The SCADA shall display following minimum parameters:
 Real-time acquisition and display of data, status, alarms and trends.
 Display of status of major equipment in Single Line Diagram (SLD) format.
 Control of switchgears and inverters.
 Display and storage of measured values.
 Display and storage of derived/calculated/integrated values.
 Display and Storage of Alarm, Event and Trends.
 Generate, store and retrieve user configurable Sequence of Event (SOE) Report.
 Generate, store and retrieve user configurable periodic Reports.
 Remote monitoring of essential parameters on the web using standard modem.
 System self-supervision.
Monitoring devices and data loggers shall be used to collect data from equipment as
mentioned below:
 All the SCBs, Inverters, transformers, LV/MV Switchgears, switchyard equipment
and metering shall be integrated with SCADA system. Central weather monitoring
station shall also be integrated with SCADA.
 The system shall be provided with Supervisory Station that will refer to the server
and software responsible for communicating with the field equipment, and then to
the HMI software running on workstations in the main control room.
 Combination of Modbus, Industrial grade Ethernet LAN and fibre optic network
shall be distributed throughout the field for communication to field devices. Cable
network shall be in ring topology for better redundancy.
 SCADA shall be provided with external communications link/browser-based
monitoring options to the Owner for accessing all acquired data and real time
performance. Lease line shall be envisaged for communication with state utility
(NLDC/SLDC).
 The 2 nos. of OMS and EMS server to be chosen with Raid 5 Configuration,
redundant power supply and dual Ethernet for isolating the plant network from the
internet. Server cum operator workstation shall have below minimum specification
 Raid Controller
 Configuration: Raid 5

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 Form Factor: Tower

 1 TB Hot Plug Hard Drives 7.2 K: 2 Nos (or as required)
 16 GB Memory upgradable to 32 GB
 Intel (R) Xenon (R) Processor 3.3 GHz, 64 Bit
 Graphics Card – 4GB External
 Dual Network Cards
 Dual Hot Plug, Redundant Power Supply
 DVD R/W 16 X or Higher
 32” LED Monitor
 Windows Server Latest Version, MS Office, Adobe Acrobat, Anti-Virus etc.
 Plant shall have separate Historian with following specification:
 Raid Controller
 Configuration: Raid 5
 Form Factor: Tower
 500GB Hard Drives
 8 GB Memory upgradable to 16 GB
 i5, 64 Bit Processor
 Graphics Card – 4GB External
 Dual Network Cards
 DVD R/W 16 X or Higher
 40” LED Monitor
 Windows OS Latest Version, MS Office, Adobe Acrobat, Anti-Virus etc.

42.2 System description

 Monitoring system shall be designed with different dashboards for various users
such as Plant O&M team, senior management. The data shall be compatible and
transferable to MS Office excel.
 Care shall be taken so that any fault in field does not affect the SCADA system.
Potential free contacts have been used for input signals/ feedbacks.
 In the event of severe occurrences, which result in damage to the equipment, the
SCADA shall be designed to ensure “FAILSAFE CONDITION”. Logic designs shall
safeguard against improper operation of electrical equipment/ switchgear. Any
partial failure, which reduce or eliminate security features in station facilities, shall
be detected and block control o/p so as to prevent false operation of the electrical
equipment.
 Minimum 5 licenses shall be made available for web remote monitoring.
 All furniture and accessories required for successful commissioning of SCADA
shall be in Contractor’s scope.
 The SCADA shall be PLC based and shall be provided with two processors (Main
processing unit and memories) one for normal operation and one as hot standby.
In case of failure of working processor, there shall be an appropriate alarm and

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processor shall be totally bump less and shall not cause any plant disturbance
whatsoever. In the event of both processors failing, the system shall revert to fail
safe mode. It shall be possible to keep any of the processors as master and other
as standby. The standby processor shall be updated in line with the changes made
in working processor.
 Communication protocol for MCR and switchyard shall be based on IEC. And
Inverter room shall be based on Modbus protocol.
 The memory shall be field expandable. The memory capacity shall be sufficient for
the complete system operation and have a capability for at least 20% expansion
in future. Programmed operating sequences and criteria shall be stored in non-
volatile semiconductor memories like EPROM. Minimum 50% free space available
in the memory after installing all programmes and software’s.
 Minimum 20% spare I/O’s shall be considered in Main control room and Inverter
room. These shall be suitably isolated to remain protected from switching and
lightning surges.
 Protection commands shall have priority over manual commands and manual
commands shall prevail over auto commands.
 Source of power for SCADA system and all related hardware shall be from auxiliary
power supply. An additional UPS having a minimum 4hours backup shall be
provided dedicatedly for this system.
 All Ethernet switch shall be of industrial grade, managed, fast acting and certification
for the same shall be provided by the manufacturer or vendor. Operating range shall
be -20˚ C to 65 ˚ C.

42.3 Key areas of integration

Following sections provide brief idea about functional requirements of individual key
components.

Inverters
Solar PV plant shall incorporate a communication system to monitor the DC inputs of the
solar inverters so that system faults can be detected and rectified before they have an
appreciable effect on production.
Inverters come with a Modbus RTU protocol over RS-485 communication interface or
TCP-IP on Ethernet. The system shall monitor real time inverter parameters and represent
the information on the computer screen using customised SCADA software. In addition to
the monitoring SCADA shall also be capable of control of inverters for various operations
required. Following minimum Key parameters that shall be monitored in inverters are:
 DC Input Current monitoring.
 DC Bus Voltage.
 DC Cumulative power.
 Insulation resistance.
 GFDI Operation.
 AC Voltage, current, frequency.
 Daily Energy Exported.
 Cumulative Energy Exported.
 Active and Reactive power.

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 Internal temperature monitoring.

 Active and Reactive power control is also possible.
 AC disconnector status.
 DC disconnector status.
 Error codes.
Inverter Remote Trip operation shall be performed through SCADA. Active power control
and reactive power control shall be done for dynamically supporting the grid.

Inverter Station Transformers

Each Inverter station shall be provided with a LV/33kV, multi- winding transformers.
SCADA shall receive/transmit information such as alarm/trip state from Oil Temperature,
Winding Temperature and Buchholz relay, Magnetic oil gauge (MOG), Pressure release
Valve (PRV) and same shall be linked to the switchgear by using Modbus RTU protocol
over RS-485 communication interface with the transformer protection card within the HT
panel or RMU. In addition to this winding and oil temperature indicators shall be integrated
to local RTU panel to monitor real time temperature values of Inverter transformer.

33kV RMU at Inverter room

Medium voltage switchgear shall be used for switching of power and protection against
any electrical fault that may occur in the plant. All these switchgears shall be integrated
with the SCADA system for collecting relevant information by means of digital input and
output signals. Key functions that shall be monitored and controlled are:
 Breaker service position.
 Breaker test position.
 Breaker trip.
 Local operation.
 Remote operation.
 Close status.
 Open status.
 Relay fault (50/51/50N/51N) status.
 Isolator open.
 Isolator close.
 Earth switch status.
Circuit breaker remote trip operation shall be performed through SCADA. Operational
events shall be logged in the system for any analysis shall be made available for
evaluation purpose.

Weather Monitoring System

The weather stations shall essentially include following sensors that shall be integrated
into the SCADA system.
Weather monitoring stations shall be installed close to Main control room of individual
plants.
 "Secondary Standard" pyranometers for GHI measurement.
 "Secondary Standard" pyranometers for GII measurement.

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 "Secondary Standard" pyranometers for GII measurement within interiors of plant.

 Ambient temperature.
 Wind speed and direction.
 Daily gust wind speed.
 Relative humidity.
 Barometric pressure sensor.
 Rainfall gauge.
 Module temperature
SCADA signals shall be processed to SCADA through data logger by using Ethernet cable.

Multifunction Meters
Energy meter shall be installed in the plant for measuring all the parameters from radial
feeders. The communication with this device is made through Modbus or RS-485 serial
bus or similar. All the Protocols shall be verified prior to finalization of scheme.
Below is the non-exhaustive list of monitoring and recording parameters.
 AC currents and power at various levels, cumulative Energy.
 AC active power kW (both for import & export).
 AC reactive (kVAr) and (kVA) (both for import & export).
 Power factor (both for import & export).
 Frequency.
 Voltage THD for all phases.
 Line to neutral voltage.
 Phase to Phase to voltage.

Fire Alarm System

SCADA system shall include fire detection sensor installed within each inverter station and
Main control room building, its current state shall be presented on the SCADA system taking
its location into consideration. Fire detectors located in inverter station and main control
room shall be looped and supplied to auxiliary contacts in RTU for communication.
Whenever an alarm occurs, it shall be clearly visible to the operator on the screen as well
as be included on the alarm list. Due to the importance and relevance of this alarm, it shall
be presented in a different way like a popup windows or a special symbol on the screen.

Switchyard Control and Monitoring

 Medium voltage switchgear shall be used for switching of power and protection against
any electrical fault that may occur in the plant. All these switchgears shall be integrated
with the SCADA system for collecting relevant information by means of digital input
and output signals.
 Power transformer shall be integrated with SCADA for signals such as oil temperature,
winding temperature, Buchholz relay, Magnetic oil gauge (MOG), Pressure release
Valve (PRV) etc. on IEC61850 protocol. Addition to this equipment like auto voltage
regulator, RTCC and OLTC will also be integrated within the system.

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 Circuit breaker lockout and protection relay interface shall be implemented for
protection of substation from any abnormal condition during operation. This shall
include logging and monitoring of all the events and fault conditions.
 Act in accordance with state load dispatch centre (SLDC) for maintaining Grid power,
voltage and frequency thereby ensuring synchronisation with grid and maximum
availability of substation and transmission network. SLDC communication shall be
done with OPGW cable or OPTE system and same shall be integrated with SCADA.
All hardware and software required at PGCB and PV plant switchyard end shall be in
scope of SCADA vendor.
 Respond to the load shading requirements from SLDC and control the reactive power
flow by taking necessary action.
 Voltage regulation including on load tap changing control of power transformer, voltage
regulation under OV and UV situations.
 Automatic switching of loads, auto transfer schemes, transfer loads during bay and
bus maintenance, load sectionalising, feeder automation and auto reclosing can be
performed.
 Communicate between individual solar plants for reactive power compensation and
load shading through remote setting and configuration.
 Remote data transmission through PLCC for monitoring, control and protection of grid,
Station HMIs- Graphical user interface through real time single line displays, online
operation and maintenance logs shall be made available in SCADA.

42.4 Specific Controls

In addition to the conventional control system following specific plant control system shall
be incorporated within the SCADA.

Active and Reactive Power

Each of the Solar PV plant should be provided with respective power plant control system
capable of responding to the requirements of active and reactive power of the grid. The
system shall provide a dynamic control of the active and reactive power of the plant
referring to parameters at the utility revenue meter within the PV plant premises. The grid
parameters will be continuously measured, the required stabilized set response values will
be calculated, and the required correction values will be sent to the Solar PV inverters.
All the solar PV Inverters are designed to offer the active and reactive power variation with
its inbuilt features. The curtailment and variation therefore shall be done using an effective
control system within the SCADA. The measurement and control of inverters thus shall
form a close loop ensuring the effective grid integration and resulting in minimum energy
generation losses. In addition to the dynamic control, provision of human interface should
also be made for varying the plant parameters as may be required from the grid operator.
In case required plant power controller (PPC) shall be installed at interconnection point.

Other
In addition to conventional parameters (V, I, KW, KVA, KVAr etc.) below is the non-
exhaustive list of monitoring and recording parameters which shall be displayed through
various SCADA screens.
 Power generation at interconnection.
 Daily power generation in kWh.
 Monthly power generation in kWh.
 Annual power generation power in kWh.
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 AC active power kW (both for import and export).

 AC reactive (kVAr) and (kVA) (both for import and export).
 Power factor (both for import and export).
 Power generation from the date of commissioning.
 Plant availability.
 Grid availability.
 Individual Inverter Availability.
 Auxiliary consumption.
 Daily, Monthly, Annual Performance ratio.
 Daily, Monthly, Annual PLF (Plant load factor).

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43 Substation Automation System

43.1 Design Criteria

 The Substation Automation System (SAS) shall be designed and installed so as to
control and monitor all the substation equipment from local control centre i.e., plant
main control room as well as from remote control centre.
 The SAS shall contain the following main functional parts:
 Bay control Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) for control and monitoring.
 Station Human Machine Interface (HMI) with hot standby.
 GPS with time synchronizing facility.
 Redundant managed Ethernet switch.
 Gateway for remote control via industrial grade through IEC 60870-5-104
protocols or as per the protocol specified by utility to communicate data of
plant to NLDC / SLDC of Bangladesh.
 Peripheral equipment like printers, display units, keyboards, mouse and
other equipment like UPS (main + standby), furniture for all the equipment.
The contractor shall provide all the necessary equipment which are not
mentioned above however necessary for system operation as a part of SAS
package.
 Two numbers of redundant station HMI’s (operator workstation) working in
hot-standby mode and one no of DR / Engineering workstation shall be
provided.
 The communication gateway shall facilitate the information flow (online and offline
ABT data as well. There shall be no interruption to online data during exchange of
ABT data) with remote control centres (NLDC / SLDC of Bangladesh).
 The Substation Automation System (SAS) shall be suitable for operation and
monitoring of the complete substation including future extension and the system
shall be of state of the art design suitable for operation under electrical environment
present in high voltage substations and ensure long term compatibility requirement
and continuity of equipment supply and the safety of the operating staff.
 The offered SAS shall have facility to support remote control and monitoring from
remote control centres via gateways and the system shall be designed such that
personnel without any background knowledge in microprocessor-based
technology are able to operate the system. The operator interface shall be
spontaneous such that operating personnel shall be able to operate the system
easily after having received some basic training.
 The system shall incorporate the control, monitoring and protection functions
specified self-monitoring signalling and testing facilities, measuring as well as
memory function event recording and evaluation of disturbance records.
 The SAS shall be based on a centralised architecture and on a concept of bay
oriented from centralised control room. Data exchange is to be realized using IEC
61850 protocols with a redundant managed switched Ethernet communication
infrastructure in centralized ring configuration.
 Software interlocking is to be provided to ensure that inadvertent incorrect
operation of switchgear causing damage and accidents in case of false operation
does not take place and in addition to software interlocking, hardwired interlocking
to be provided for bus earth switch interlocking.

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 Event and alarms are generated either by the switchgear, by the control IEDs or
by the station level shall be recorded in an event list in the station HMI. Alarms
shall be recorded in a separate alarm list and appear on the screen. All or a freely
selectable group of events and alarms shall also be printed out on an event printer
(dot matrix type). The alarms and events shall be time tagged with a time resolution
of 1ms.

43.2 SCADA system requirement for integration of new station to NLDC:

43.2.1 Field Equipment Requirement:

1. Field equipment (RTU or SAS/DCS Gateway) for the respective station required
with the following features:
a. IEC 60870-5-104 compatible
b. Have to report both in Master Station, NLDC (02 Nos. of Communication
Server, connected with VPN) and Back-up Station, Bidyut Bhaban (01 No
of Communication Server, connected with routed network)
simultaneously.
c. Separate manageable Switch to connect with Communication equipment
is required.
d. Firewall device required to isolate the equipment for NLDC system
security.
2. Field equipment (RTU or SAS/DCS Gateway Extension/Modification) for the
nearest SCADA connected Substation from which respective station is radially
connected is required.
3. Field equipment should be configured according to NLDC System required signal
and configuration.

43.2.2 Master Station Requirement:

1. Modification, Upgradation and On-Lining of existing NLDC database along with
related software to integrate the new station with NLDC.
2. Modification, Upgradation and On-Lining of existing Master Station
Communication System required.

43.2.3 Communication System

The Contractor shall provide the Communication/SCADA-EMS facilities to
proposed solar power plant; the power plant authority shall ensure the followings-
Optical Fiber connectivity from Panchagarh substation control room to Power Plant
Control room/SAS room/DCS room.
a. Fiber optic Type- Single mode (9/125µm)
b. Connector type- FC/PC in ODF, LC/PC in Equipment.
c. Nos of optical Core (ODF to ODF) -24.
Optical Multiplexer SDH & PDH shall be installed in power plant and those to be
connected to Panchagarh substation's existing SDH & PDH for:
d. Voice communication (2-wire & IP telephony both).
e. RTU/SAS/DCS Communication (IEC-104 Protocol)
f. Tele protection.
g. LAN Services (Video Conferencing, CC Camera Central Monitoring,
DFDR central monitoring etc.)
Power Plant's SDH & PDH need to be integrated with existing Telecom NMS
(FOXMAN/U2000).

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Power Plant RTUs/SAS/DCS and extension BAY of Panchagarh substation need to be

integrated to NLDC Master Station &. Back-up Station as per approved signal list and
configuration parameters from PGCB SCADA Division.

UPS System

A D.C. power source and an A.C. power source is available to each UPS system. The
system is so designed that its load shall be served without interruption as long as one of
the above power sources is available within specified limit of voltage and/or frequency. In
normal mode UPS will get power through CVT and load will be connected to UPS. In case
of failure of UPS, the Static By-pass Switch will feed the load through Constant Voltage
Transformer with audio visual alarm at Back Up Panel.
 The uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system for SCADA shall be selected based
on design criteria for the back-up operation of minimum 120min. The UPS system
shall be designed for 50 Deg. ambient.
 The static inverters shall be solid state type employing IGBT (Insulated Gate
Bipolar Transistor) based PWM with Instantaneous Sine wave Microprocessor
Control/Silicon Controlled Rectifier to convert Direct Current / Power to essentially
Sinusoidal Alternating Current / Power. The inverter equipment shall include all
necessary circuitry and devices to conform requirements like voltage regulation,
soft start, transient recovery, protection automatic synchronization, wave shaping
etc. as specified herein. Upon transfer of full load, the inverter output voltage shall
not drop below 80% of nominal voltage during the first half cycle after transfer and
90% of nominal voltage in the next half cycle. The recovery to within ± 2% of
voltage shall be in less than 50 milli-seconds. On occurrence of a fault in branch
circuit, the inverter shall be capable of cleaning the highest rated branch circuit
fuse in 4 milli-seconds or less. The inverter shall be protected against overload,
short circuit, 100% loss of load, as well as excursions, loss or restoration of D.C.
Input voltage and synchronizing voltage. The D.C. input current shall never exceed
twice the full load current except for a short circuit within the inverter. For any value
of the load and load power factor drawn by the equipment served, the inverter shall
not impose on D.C. source any voltage oscillations in excess of 5 volts (RMS total
all frequencies) or any current oscillations in excess of 3 percent (RMS total all
frequencies) of the D.C. current at full load.
 Inverter equipment shall include stable solid-state oscillator devices designed to
automatically maintain the inverter output in phase and in synchronism with the
stand-by A.C. source. Facility shall be provided for automatic transfer to internal
oscillator operation when the stand-by source frequency is beyond specified limits
and the frequency shall be automatically controlled within 50 Hz plus or minus 0.5
Hz when the inverter operates in this mode. Retransfer to stand-by A.C. source for
synchronization shall be automatic after the stand-by source frequency is restored
to permissible limits and remains within this limit for an adjustable time delay period
(up to 5 seconds). Provision shall be made for step less adjustments of synch-
disconnect frequency range from 50 Hz ± 0.5 Hz to 50 Hz ± 2 Hz. Automatic
adjustment of phase relationship between inverter output and stand-by A.C. source
shall be gradual at a controlled slow rate, which shall not exceed one hertz per
second.
 The static transfer switch shall be solid state type using SCR for automatic/manual
transfer of load from “inverter” to stand-by” source and vice-versa. Stand-by source
can be either of the inverter or A.C. source depending on whether both the
inverters are supplying 50% load each or one of the inverters is carrying 100%
load within 3 Mili Second. The transfer time including sensing shall not be more
than one-fourth cycle. Further the transition shall be make-before-break in both
directions. The capacity of static transfer switch shall be equal to the continuous

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full-load capacity of the inverter. The switch shall be provided with protective
devices in both normal and alternate power source. Static transfer switch shall be
furnished with contact to alarm failure of the alternate source or opening of any
fuse protecting the static switch. Static transfer switch shall include all necessary
circuitry and devices to meet the functional requirements of transfer initiation,
transfer inhibit and re-transfer back to normal. The UPS bus shall be monitored by
two voltage detectors. One fast acting circuit shall be used for detecting a complete
and instantaneous Voltage loss while the other slower acting averaging circuit with
adjustable trip level shall be employed to detect voltage deviation beyond selected
limits. Both voltage detector circuits shall automatically initiate operation of transfer
switch. The static switch shall automatic transfer the load from inverter to stand-by
source when the inverter output drops below 90%. Automatic or manual transfer
from inverter to stand-by A.C. Source vice versa shall be inhibited when the
inverter frequency is not synchronized to the alternate source.
 Manual by-pass switch is used to isolate any static transfer switch for maintenance
or repair without interruption to the UPS load. The switch has also the facility of by-
passing both the static transfer switches during start-up at the option of the
operator. Switch contact shall be make-before-break type. The contact
development shall be as per enclosed drawing. The switch shall have current
rating equal to the full load inverter current and necessary short time load carrying
and interrupting capacity to meet the requirement of UPS system. Breakers may
be used instead of By-pass switch maintaining the same philosophy of operation.
 The charger shall be solid-state type with full wave fully controlled, bridge
configurations. The charger shall be provided with automatic voltage regulation,
current limiting, smoothing filter circuit and soft-start feature. The charger shall
have the provision of float, equalizing and boost charging. Further the charger shall
be suitable for single and parallel operation. Suitable circuitry shall be provided to
ensure that the charging current is voltage regulated and current limited. Each
charger shall be rated to meet 100% UPS load plus recharge the fully discharged
UPS battery within 8 hours. Voltage control shall be step less smooth and
continuous. Float & equalizing control shall have an adjustable range of ± 5%.
 A three phase to single phase transformer along with associated voltage stabilizer
shall be furnished with the UPS system. The transformer and stabilizer shall be
sized for 150 percent UPS load and shall coordinate with the largest circuit
protection device for feeder short circuit current without sacrificing voltage
regulation. The voltage stabilizer shall employ silicon solid state circuitry and shall
maintain the specified output voltage for 0 to 100% load with maximum input
voltage variation as indicated in the annexure. The make and rating shall be
subject to Purchaser’s approval.
 The UPS system components shall be housed in a sheet steel freestanding IP-41
enclosure while that of Battery Charger shall be IP 52 enclosure with all access
from the front. Sheet steel thickness shall be 2 mm minimum. The enclosure shall
consist of vertical cabinets housing modules in rack type sub-assemblies,
connected mechanically and electrically to from a rigid, self-supporting, metal
enclosed structure.
 The battery shall be Sealed Maintenance Free having a capacity of 120 Minutes
back Up in case of failure of Main Power. Type of Battery shall be Lead-Acid and
refer section of battery and battery charger for detail.

43.3 Pre-dispatch Quality and Testing

The testing and acceptance of the system shall be carried out on the mutually agreed
procedures and criteria based on these guidelines and manufacturer standard procedures.

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