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Chemcar5 PDF

The document outlines an activity to teach students about collecting and analyzing data from chemical reactions. Students will explore how changing the quantities of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate affects the reaction's production of carbon dioxide. Over three days, they will first perform a baseline reaction, then test different ratios in groups. On the third day, they will analyze the gas samples and data to determine the most efficient ratio for maximizing carbon dioxide while minimizing material costs. The goal is to apply these principles to optimizing a model car that uses the chemical reaction.

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MAYANK AGRAWAL
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93 views4 pages

Chemcar5 PDF

The document outlines an activity to teach students about collecting and analyzing data from chemical reactions. Students will explore how changing the quantities of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate affects the reaction's production of carbon dioxide. Over three days, they will first perform a baseline reaction, then test different ratios in groups. On the third day, they will analyze the gas samples and data to determine the most efficient ratio for maximizing carbon dioxide while minimizing material costs. The goal is to apply these principles to optimizing a model car that uses the chemical reaction.

Uploaded by

MAYANK AGRAWAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learning Objectives

After this activity, students should be able to:

• Follow procedures to collect data while changing more than one variable.
• Interpret data to predict overall behavior of multiple variables.
• Describe how this activity applies engineering design principles, including cost analysis.

Goals:
• Math competency: Skills and appreciation for data collection and analysis used in real life.
• Quantitative literacy: Ability to follow procedures and provide recommendations.
• Engineering applications: engineering design process to control products of a chemical
reaction, cost considerations corresponding to performance.
• Cultural relevancy: How to follow procedures, collaborative work in small groups and hands-
on activities.

Materials List
Each group needs:

• 12g citric acid (C6H8O7)


• 10g sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
• 250-300ml water
• Glue gun and glue stick
• Water bottle( reactor)
• Nozzle valve( to stop pressure inside the reactor)
• Measure scale
• Weighing machine
• Cardboard,Tyres,stopwatch,etc.

Pre-Req Knowledge
Students should be familiar with:

• Math concepts: volumes, measuring and unit conversion, and conservation of matter.
• Science concepts: mass measurement,etc.

Alternatively, this activity could be used as a means of introducing these concepts. It is also an ideal
opportunity to introduce the subject material of: reactions, stoichiometry, endothermic vs.
exothermic reactions, mass and mole conversions.
Introduction/Motivation
In the presence of water, citric acid [C6H8O7] and sodium bicarbonate [NaHCO3] ( baking soda) react
to form sodium citrate [Na3C6H5O7], water, and carbon dioxide [CO2].

So to make a profited and efficient model, We must produce the most carbon dioxide [CO2] using
the least citric acid [C6H8O7].

The car consist of a water bottle which act as a mixed flow reactor with manual agitation.

Our goal in this experiment is to use baking soda in excess so it should completely react with citric
acid,so our car travel minimum 10 metre.

Procedure
Background and Concepts for Teachers

1. Discuss the chemicals that will be used in the reaction.


• Sodium bicarbonate ( baking soda). Students may be familiar with baking soda from
household baking and cleaning. Baking soda works as an antacid, but would taste very bad
alone. Sodium bicarbonate is also used to fight fires because at high temperature it turns to
carbon dioxide and can smother fires.
• Citric acid is a common ingredient in citrus-flavored foods. Have students look for it in the
ingredient lists for candy and soda beverages.
• The reaction of sodium bicarbonate and water is very similar to the phenomena seen when
Alka-Seltzer tablets are placed in a glass of water.
2. Discuss what a reaction is and how one might observe that a reaction is occurring.
• Demonstrate mixing citric acid + sodium bicarbonate. (Is a reaction occurring?)
• Demonstrate adding water to the mixture? (Is a reaction occurring?)
• Relevance: acid + base = water + gas + salt (the product is neutral). Example applications: 1)
Ant-acids neutralize stomach acid. 2) Bases used for reclaiming land used during mining (the
water is very acidic and needs to be treated to be neutralized). 3) Acids and bases used to
promote plant growth. Neutralizing acidic or basic soil to promote plant growth.
3. Discuss the connections to engineering.
• Safety aspect: over pressure or extreme temperature can cause catastrophic failure.
• Profit aspect: using less citric acid to produce more carbon dioxide. (Is it possible?)
4. Overview of the experimental plan over the three days.

Specific Procedure
5. Background: It is recommended to divide the group into two or more groups so each
"engineering team" performs a different reactant ratio on Day 2. This way, the entire matrix
can be tested without all students needing to perform five sets of experiments. Suggested
tests:

On Day 1: Everyone: 6 g citric acid + 6 g sodium bicarbonate

On Day 2:

• Group A: 8g citric acid + 10 g sodium bicarbonate


• Group B: 10 g citric acid + 10 g sodium bicarbonate
• Group C: 12 g citric acid + 10 g sodium bicarbonate
• Group D: 12g citric acid + 10 g sodium bicarbonate
6. Before the Activity
• Collect the required reactants.
• Gather the remaining items on the Materials List.
• Prepare a large data table for all group to record their findings (from Day 2). Make it visible f
and suitable to serve as a visual aid in the discussions at the end of Day 2.

Day 1: Experimental Methods

7. Review the test procedures and how to use the given materials.

Day 2: Data Collection

8. groups conduct the same reaction using different assigned quantities of reactants.
9. Students collect, label and seal gas samples.

Day 3: Data Analysis, Discussion & Scale-up

10. Provide gas analysis results.

Summary
In the presence of water, citric acid and sodium bicarbonate ( baking soda) react to form sodium
citrate, water, and carbon dioxide. We found this reaction as an endothermic reaction. We tested
that stoichiometric version of the reaction followed by testing various perturbations on the
stoichiometric version in which each reactant (citric acid, sodium bicarbonate and water) is
strategically doubled or halved to create a matrix of the effect on the reaction. By analyzing the test
matrix data, we determine the optimum quantities to use in chemcar to minimize material cost and
maximize carbon dioxide production to increase the working performance of car.

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